WO2002050299A2 - Mikrobiologisches verfahren zur biosynthese der natürlichen blau-violetten farbstoffe violacein und desoxyviolacein und deren verwendung - Google Patents
Mikrobiologisches verfahren zur biosynthese der natürlichen blau-violetten farbstoffe violacein und desoxyviolacein und deren verwendung Download PDFInfo
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- WO2002050299A2 WO2002050299A2 PCT/DE2001/004900 DE0104900W WO0250299A2 WO 2002050299 A2 WO2002050299 A2 WO 2002050299A2 DE 0104900 W DE0104900 W DE 0104900W WO 0250299 A2 WO0250299 A2 WO 0250299A2
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- Prior art keywords
- violacein
- dyes
- dye
- bacterium
- blue
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- 238000013048 microbiological method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 7
- XAPNKXIRQFHCHN-QGOAFFKASA-N violacein Chemical compound O=C\1NC2=CC=CC=C2C/1=C(C(=O)N1)/C=C1C1=CNC2=CC=C(O)C=C21 XAPNKXIRQFHCHN-QGOAFFKASA-N 0.000 title claims description 36
- LEJQUNAZZRYZKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N violacein Natural products Oc1ccc2NCC(C3=CC(=C4/C(=O)Nc5ccccc45)C(=O)N3)c2c1 LEJQUNAZZRYZKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 36
- 235000005811 Viola adunca Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 16
- 240000009038 Viola odorata Species 0.000 title claims description 16
- 235000013487 Viola odorata Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 16
- 235000002254 Viola papilionacea Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 241000519590 Pseudoalteromonas Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- OJUJNNKCVPCATE-AQTBWJFISA-N Deoxyviolacein Natural products O=C1NC(=C/C/1=C2/C(=O)Nc3ccccc23)c4c[nH]c5ccccc45 OJUJNNKCVPCATE-AQTBWJFISA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- OJUJNNKCVPCATE-QGOAFFKASA-N deoxyviolacein Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=3NC(C(/C=3)=C/3C4=CC=CC=C4NC\3=O)=O)=CNC2=C1 OJUJNNKCVPCATE-QGOAFFKASA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001043 yellow dye Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- AJDUTMFFZHIJEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl)-4-[4-[[4-[4-[(9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl)carbamoyl]phenyl]phenyl]diazenyl]phenyl]benzamide Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2NC(=O)C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1N=NC(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C2=O AJDUTMFFZHIJEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000401 methanolic extract Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 241000588879 Chromobacterium violaceum Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000038 blue colorant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 244000172533 Viola sororia Species 0.000 description 7
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N L-tryptophane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C[C@H](N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229960004799 tryptophan Drugs 0.000 description 5
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tryptophan Natural products C1=CC=C2C(CC(N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001045 blue dye Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004114 suspension culture Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000287 crude extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001047 purple dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- YCZATMZTIWSFLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(5-amino-2-hydroxy-6-oxo-1H-pyridin-3-yl)-5-iminopyridine-2,6-dione Chemical compound Nc1cc(C2=CC(=N)C(=O)NC2=O)c(O)[nH]c1=O YCZATMZTIWSFLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical group C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 229930182559 Natural dye Natural products 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- GFSMXLMQRWMHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N monascin Natural products CCCCCC(=O)C1C2C=C3C=C(OC=C3C(=O)C2(C)OC1=O)C=CC GFSMXLMQRWMHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XXKNHBAFFJINCK-RVEJDSBJSA-N monascin Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@H](C(O[C@@]1(C)C1=O)=O)C(=O)CCCCC)C2=C1COC(\C=C\C)=C2 XXKNHBAFFJINCK-RVEJDSBJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GIKQHOXMDCDAPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N monascusone B Natural products CC=CC1=CC2=C(CO1)C(=O)C3(C)OC(=O)C(C3C2)C(=O)C GIKQHOXMDCDAPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000978 natural dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 2
- SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N palmitoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HMXQIFUGFZEJEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dihydropyrrol-3-one Chemical group O=C1CNC=C1 HMXQIFUGFZEJEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEPOHXYIFQMVHW-XOZOLZJESA-N 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid (2S,3S)-3,4-dimethyl-2-phenylmorpholine Chemical class OC(C(O)C(O)=O)C(O)=O.C[C@H]1[C@@H](OCCN1C)c1ccccc1 VEPOHXYIFQMVHW-XOZOLZJESA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UCBSXTTUNYWOCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(cyclooctylamino)quinoline-5,8-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CN=C2C(=O)C=C1NC1CCCCCCC1 UCBSXTTUNYWOCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000186063 Arthrobacter Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTMBGDBBDQKNNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L C.I. Acid Blue 3 Chemical compound [Ca+2].C1=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C1C(C=1C(=CC(=C(O)C=1)S([O-])(=O)=O)S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C1.C1=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C1C(C=1C(=CC(=C(O)C=1)S([O-])(=O)=O)S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C1 RTMBGDBBDQKNNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000124825 Chromobacterium lividum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001464978 Clavibacter insidiosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001148466 Janthinobacterium lividum Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000113306 Monascus purpureus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002322 Monascus purpureus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021319 Palmitoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000186002 Pseudarthrobacter polychromogenes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000158000 Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000251539 Vertebrata <Metazoa> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000191769 Vogesella indigofera Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000172 allergic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000840 anti-viral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000010668 atopic eczema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035587 bioadhesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001851 biosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004126 brilliant black BN Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021466 carotenoid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001747 carotenoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- SECPZKHBENQXJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cis-palmitoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O SECPZKHBENQXJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000002864 food coloring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004896 high resolution mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004179 indigotine Substances 0.000 description 1
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002475 indoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010327 methods by industry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940057059 monascus purpureus Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010995 multi-dimensional NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000065 noncytotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000255 pathogenic effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002953 preparative HPLC Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001057 purple pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001044 red dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012916 structural analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- GMMAPXRGRVJYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium 4-acetamido-5-hydroxy-6-[[7-sulfonato-4-[(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]naphthalen-1-yl]diazenyl]naphthalene-1,7-disulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OC1=C2C(NC(=O)C)=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C2=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1N=NC(C1=CC(=CC=C11)S([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=C1N=NC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 GMMAPXRGRVJYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P17/00—Preparation of heterocyclic carbon compounds with only O, N, S, Se or Te as ring hetero atoms
- C12P17/16—Preparation of heterocyclic carbon compounds with only O, N, S, Se or Te as ring hetero atoms containing two or more hetero rings
- C12P17/165—Heterorings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/205—Bacterial isolates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
Definitions
- the invention relates to a microbiological process for the biosynthesis of the natural blue-violet dyes violacein and deoxyviolacein from a pigment-forming bacterium by cultivating the bacterium, centrifuging the cell mass, extracting a crude dye extract from the cell mass and isolating the dyes from the crude dye extract, and a use of the dyes produced using the microbiological process.
- Dyes are of interest to microbiology and chemistry in more ways than one. Since the ability to produce pigments is genetically fixed, the formation of dyes is also a first indication of the formation of antibiotic agents. Microbial pigments have a large structural diversity. So it can be derivatives from the classes of carotenoids, phenazine dyes, pyrrole dyes, azaquinones, etc.
- thermophilic bacteria from deep-sea vents and symbiotic bacteria from invertebrates and vertebrates have been looking for bioactive natural substances that can be used biotechnologically for about 20 years.
- the usability of marine organisms for the pharmaceutical industry, for aquaculture, for microbial cleaning of oil-contaminated marine regions and for processes in the formation of biofilms and bioadhesions has been recognized. Only for 3 years, however, projects with marine microorganisms in a more application-oriented research direction in Germany have been increasingly conceived.
- dyes used In recent years, there has been a clear trend among consumers to favor products that contain natural dyes.
- Yellow and red dyes are already obtained on an industrial scale from vegetable raw materials.
- the search for a dye from this spectrum is of particular importance due to the food law ban on the red-blue dye Monascin, isolated from Monascus purpureus. It is not possible to classify Monascin as a coloring food because of allergic problems.
- a microbiologically obtained blue-violet dye can thus help to close the gap that has arisen and to take economically very interesting paths.
- Pigments from the blue-violet spectrum are formed, among other things, by microorganisms.
- the azaquinone indigoidin is formed by several organisms (Pseudomonas indigofera, Corynebacterium insidiosum, Arthrobacter arthrocyaneus and Arthrobacter polychromogenes) and excreted in the surrounding medium. This is advantageous for continuous process control and for simplified product processing. This means that the cell disruption step can be dispensed with.
- Indigoidin has already been approved under food law (E 132).
- Other approved food colors from the blue color spectrum are Patent Blue V (E 131), Brilliant Blue FCF and Brilliant Black (E 151). These compounds have absorption spectra in the range from 570 nm to 638 nm and are therefore very suitable for use in processes in food technology.
- violacein an indole derivative
- a purple dye was isolated from a bacterium known today as Chromobacterium violaceum.
- violacein can be derived from the bacterial strains Janthinobacte um lividum, Chromobacterium lividum and Alteromonas luteoviolacea (see H. Laatsch et al., "Spectroscopic Properties of Violacein and Related Compounds: Crystal Structure of Tetramethylviolacein", J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans 2., 1984, pp. 13331-1339).
- violacein is 3- [1,2-dihydro-5- (5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl) -2-oxo-3-H-pyrrol-3-ylidene] -1, 3- Characterized dihydro-2H-indol-2-one with the molecular formula C20-H13-N3-O3 (molecular weight 343.33).
- the maximum absorption band in methanolic solution is 570 nm.
- Violacein is almost insoluble in water, but soluble in acetone, Ethanol and dioxane.Violacein is the main component of a blue-violet pigment in Chromobacterium violaceum, a microorganism available from earth and waters of tropical areas, with deoxyviolacein as a secondary component with an identical structural structure but one oxygen atom less than violacein (formula C20-H13-N3-O2) So-called "native violacein" exists t from a mixture of violacein with up to 10% deoxyviolacein. The violacein serves to protect the cell from radiation and to regulate the tryptophan concentration below the toxic level.
- Violacein has antibiotic, antiviral and antitumor properties, but shows no cytotoxic or pathogenic effects.
- violacein has also been used for dyeing textiles, with good dyeing results being achieved not only on natural substances such as silk, wool and cotton, but also on synthetic fibers such as nylon (cf. Shirata et al. "Isolation of Bacteria Producing Bluish-Purple Pigment and Use for Dyeing ", Jpn. Agr. Res. Q 2000, 34 (2), pp. 131-140, with pigment extraction from Janthinobacterium lividum).
- DE3935066 describes a method for producing native violaceins, starting from the pigment-forming bacterium Chromobacterium violaceum, for use in the treatment of viral diseases.
- the biosynthesis is based on the process steps "culturing the bacterium”, “centrifuging off the cell mass”, “extracting a crude dye extract from the cell mass” and “isolating the dye from the crude dye extract ".
- the bacteria used as starting material are cultivated on solid or liquid nutrient media.
- the bacteria are preferably grown in liquid nutrient media since they can then be easily separated from the nutrient medium by centrifugation.
- the bacterial cultivation can be carried out in fermenters with different process parameters.
- the bacterial turf grown after incubation is detached and freeze-dried.
- the crude violacein is extracted with ethanol in a sox.
- the ethanol is distilled off in vacuo.
- To isolate the violacein the crude violacein is extracted twice with n-heptane and then The residue is dissolved in a mixture of chloroform / acetone / pyridine 50:40:10 and the dye mixture is then separated by means of silica gel thin layer chromatography and purified.
- the Carbon backbone of the pyrrolinone ring is formed by the condensation of the side groups of two tryptophan molecules under 1, 2-shift of the indole ring.
- the addition of L-tryptophan to the suspension culture can increase the yield by approximately 1.5 times.
- the process according to the invention is used to produce two blue-violet dyes using this sediment bacterium and to use it in Industries (pigment and food industries) with a high demand for natural blue dyes. According to the applicant, it is the first time that a marine microorganism is used for such purposes. Dyes are from marine bacteria So far, hardly any research has been carried out, so that there is greater potential for natural product chemistry.
- the yield of violacein with the marine sediment bacterium Pseudoalteromonas species strain "Black Beauty” which can be achieved with the method according to the invention is in a range of thirteen times higher than with Chromobacterium violaceum.
- 38.97 g of "Black Beauty" bacteria moist mass are obtained by repeated use Extraction with hot methanol a violet colored solution, from which 2.10 g of a deep black crude extract can be isolated after removal of the solvent.
- the process according to the invention which is based on the biosynthesis of the blue dyes from "Black Beauty" has a very high yield factor.
- the marine sediment bacterium "Black Beauty” therefore has a very high pigment content, which it uses to produce natural blue-violet dyes make violacein and deoxyviolacein particularly suitable.
- the pigment yield can also be increased by optimizing parameters in the various process steps (residence times, solvent ratios etc.), especially when cultivating the bacteria (nutrient medium, shaking frequency, oxygenation, pH value, salinity, temperature etc.).
- the method according to the invention results in great economic advantages, in particular with regard to large-scale uses, with moderate process control and a relatively short expenditure of time. Due to the human-friendly properties of violacein, it makes particular sense in this context if the biotechnologically produced dyes are used in industries with a great need for environmentally friendly blue dyes, in particular the food, toy and textile industries.
- the yellow dye is not the subject of the present invention and requires further structural studies. It is important for the invention that its share in the raw material extract is only very small, so that it hardly reduces the yield of the blue-violet dyes, and that it is easy to remove from the raw material extract in order to easily obtain the two blue-violet dyes can.
- the starting culture for the synthesis of the biomass was a permanent bacterial culture that had been stored at -80 ° C at the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany, since 1985 (find in this case thawed from the Borkum Watt) and cultivated in marine culture broth in four 2 l Erlenmeyer flasks each with 1 l nutrient solution at 25 ° C on a rotary shaker (100 to 110 rpm). After four days, the cells were harvested by centrifugation and the cell mass obtained was used for dye extraction.
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/451,518 US7901914B2 (en) | 2000-12-20 | 2001-12-20 | Microbiological method of the biosynthesis of natural blue-violet colorants violacein and deoxyviolacein and the utilization thereof |
DK01991674T DK1341925T3 (da) | 2000-12-20 | 2001-12-20 | Mikrobiologisk metode til biosyntese af de naturlige blåviolette farvestoffer violacein og desoxyviolacein |
DE50112846T DE50112846D1 (de) | 2000-12-20 | 2001-12-20 | Mikrobiologisches verfahren zur biosynthese der natürlichen blau-violetten farbstoffe violacein und desoxyviolacein |
EP01991674A EP1341925B1 (de) | 2000-12-20 | 2001-12-20 | Mikrobiologisches verfahren zur biosynthese der natürlichen blau-violetten farbstoffe violacein und desoxyviolacein |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10063712A DE10063712C1 (de) | 2000-12-20 | 2000-12-20 | Mikrobiologisches Verfahren zur Biosynthese der natürlichen blau-violetten Farbstoffe Violacein und Desoxyviolacein und deren Verwendung |
DE10063712.4 | 2000-12-20 |
Publications (2)
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WO2002050299A2 true WO2002050299A2 (de) | 2002-06-27 |
WO2002050299A3 WO2002050299A3 (de) | 2003-03-13 |
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PCT/DE2001/004900 WO2002050299A2 (de) | 2000-12-20 | 2001-12-20 | Mikrobiologisches verfahren zur biosynthese der natürlichen blau-violetten farbstoffe violacein und desoxyviolacein und deren verwendung |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7901914B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1341925B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE369438T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10063712C1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1341925T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002050299A2 (de) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004048589A1 (en) * | 2002-11-28 | 2004-06-10 | Aquapharm Bio-Discovery Limited | Production of biocompounds |
WO2010003304A1 (zh) * | 2008-07-11 | 2010-01-14 | 清华大学 | 产脱氧紫色杆菌素的重组菌及其应用 |
WO2011110932A1 (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-15 | Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research | Process for the production of violacein and its derivative deoxyviolacein containing bioactive pigment from chromobacterium sp. (mtcc 5522) |
WO2012053985A1 (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2012-04-26 | Kemijski inštitut | Improved synthesis of biosynthetic product by ordered assembly of biosynthetic enzymes guided by the nucleotide sequence motif template |
CN110643651A (zh) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-03 | 大连民族大学 | 一种促进紫色色杆菌中脱氧紫色杆菌素表达的方法 |
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US8722736B2 (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2014-05-13 | Baxter International Inc. | Multi-dose concentrate esmolol with benzyl alcohol |
US20080293814A1 (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2008-11-27 | Deepak Tiwari | Concentrate esmolol |
US8426467B2 (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2013-04-23 | Baxter International Inc. | Colored esmolol concentrate |
WO2010096719A2 (en) * | 2009-02-19 | 2010-08-26 | The Uab Research Foundation | Anticancer and antimicrobial compounds from antarctic extremophilic microorganisms |
CN101974580B (zh) * | 2010-09-06 | 2013-01-02 | 清华大学 | 一种制备色素的方法 |
US8808719B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-08-19 | Marrone Bio Innovations, Inc. | Use of Chromobacterium substugae formulations, compostions and compounds to modulate cornworm rootworm larvae infestation |
KR102660905B1 (ko) * | 2020-09-25 | 2024-04-24 | 씨제이제일제당 (주) | 비올라세인을 포함하는 항콕시듐용 조성물 및 이의 용도 |
CN118028172B (zh) * | 2024-03-05 | 2024-07-09 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | 一种空间诱变抗氧化节杆菌及其蓝色素的提取方法和应用 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE3935066A1 (de) | 1989-10-20 | 1991-04-25 | Lohmann Rudolf Lomapharm | Verfahren zur isolierung von violacein und seine verwendung zur prophylaxe und therapie von viruserkrankungen |
JPH10113169A (ja) * | 1996-10-09 | 1998-05-06 | Norin Suisansyo Sanshi Konchu Nogyo Gijutsu Kenkyusho | 細菌の生産する青紫色素とその染色剤及び着色添加剤としての利用法 |
JPH10139612A (ja) * | 1996-11-15 | 1998-05-26 | Nakanihon Seni Kogyo Kyodo Kumiai | 天然抗菌抗酸化剤の製造方法及びこれを配合した化粧品 |
JP3111217B2 (ja) * | 1997-11-20 | 2000-11-20 | 農林水産省蚕糸・昆虫農業技術研究所長 | 青紫色素の耐光性向上処理法 |
-
2000
- 2000-12-20 DE DE10063712A patent/DE10063712C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-12-20 AT AT01991674T patent/ATE369438T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-12-20 EP EP01991674A patent/EP1341925B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-20 DE DE50112846T patent/DE50112846D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-20 US US10/451,518 patent/US7901914B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-12-20 DK DK01991674T patent/DK1341925T3/da active
- 2001-12-20 WO PCT/DE2001/004900 patent/WO2002050299A2/de active IP Right Grant
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004048589A1 (en) * | 2002-11-28 | 2004-06-10 | Aquapharm Bio-Discovery Limited | Production of biocompounds |
WO2010003304A1 (zh) * | 2008-07-11 | 2010-01-14 | 清华大学 | 产脱氧紫色杆菌素的重组菌及其应用 |
GB2473401A (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2011-03-09 | Univ Tsinghua | Recombinant bacteria for producing deoxyviolacein and uses thereof |
GB2473401B (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2012-10-17 | Univ Tsinghua | Recombinant bacteria for producing deoxyviolacein and uses thereof |
US8778654B2 (en) | 2008-07-11 | 2014-07-15 | Tsinghua University | Recombinant bacteria for producing deoxyviolacein and uses thereof |
WO2011110932A1 (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-15 | Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research | Process for the production of violacein and its derivative deoxyviolacein containing bioactive pigment from chromobacterium sp. (mtcc 5522) |
US8883461B2 (en) | 2010-03-12 | 2014-11-11 | Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research | Process for the production of violacein and its derivative deoxyviolacein containing bioactive pigment from Chromobacterium sp. (MTCC5522) |
WO2012053985A1 (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2012-04-26 | Kemijski inštitut | Improved synthesis of biosynthetic product by ordered assembly of biosynthetic enzymes guided by the nucleotide sequence motif template |
CN110643651A (zh) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-03 | 大连民族大学 | 一种促进紫色色杆菌中脱氧紫色杆菌素表达的方法 |
CN110643651B (zh) * | 2019-09-30 | 2022-11-04 | 大连民族大学 | 一种促进紫色色杆菌中脱氧紫色杆菌素表达的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7901914B2 (en) | 2011-03-08 |
EP1341925B1 (de) | 2007-08-08 |
WO2002050299A3 (de) | 2003-03-13 |
DK1341925T3 (da) | 2007-12-27 |
DE50112846D1 (de) | 2007-09-20 |
DE10063712C1 (de) | 2002-08-29 |
US20040053375A1 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
EP1341925A2 (de) | 2003-09-10 |
ATE369438T1 (de) | 2007-08-15 |
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