WO2002037446A1 - Procede de navigation et dispositif pour son execution - Google Patents

Procede de navigation et dispositif pour son execution Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002037446A1
WO2002037446A1 PCT/DE2001/004045 DE0104045W WO0237446A1 WO 2002037446 A1 WO2002037446 A1 WO 2002037446A1 DE 0104045 W DE0104045 W DE 0104045W WO 0237446 A1 WO0237446 A1 WO 0237446A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
distance
partial
vehicle
navigation system
personal navigator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2001/004045
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Volkmar Tanneberger
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2002037446A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002037446A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0968—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle
    • G08G1/096805—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the transmitted instructions are used to compute a route
    • G08G1/096827—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the transmitted instructions are used to compute a route where the route is computed onboard
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
    • G01C21/26—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 specially adapted for navigation in a road network
    • G01C21/34—Route searching; Route guidance
    • G01C21/3407—Route searching; Route guidance specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01C21/3423—Multimodal routing, i.e. combining two or more modes of transportation, where the modes can be any of, e.g. driving, walking, cycling, public transport
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
    • G01C21/26—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 specially adapted for navigation in a road network
    • G01C21/34—Route searching; Route guidance
    • G01C21/36—Input/output arrangements for on-board computers
    • G01C21/3688—Systems comprising multiple parts or multiple output devices (not client-server), e.g. detachable faceplates, key fobs or multiple output screens
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/005—Traffic control systems for road vehicles including pedestrian guidance indicator

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for navigation with the aid of a vehicle navigation system that is permanently integrated into the infrastructure of a motor vehicle and a mobile personal navigator that can be coupled to it, wherein navigation data is transmitted from the vehicle navigation system to the personal navigator.
  • the invention further relates to a device for carrying out such a navigation method, the device comprising a vehicle navigation system integrated in the infrastructure of a motor vehicle with a navigation computer, a sensor system for recording route and direction information, a digital map base, means for determining position and one Includes input / output device and a personal navigator with a microprocessor with peripherals and an input / output device, wherein the personal navigator can be coupled to the vehicle navigation system via a communication interface.
  • a vehicle navigation system integrated in the infrastructure of a motor vehicle with a navigation computer, a sensor system for recording route and direction information, a digital map base, means for determining position and one Includes input / output device and a personal navigator with a microprocessor with peripherals and an input / output device, wherein the personal navigator can be coupled to the vehicle navigation system via a communication interface.
  • on-board vehicle navigation systems are known.
  • the entire information acquisition required for determining the position and route is carried out with sensors integrated in the motor vehicle and with transmitting / receiving devices integrated in the motor vehicle, for example a GPS (Global Positioning System) or GNSS (Global Navigation Satelite System) - Receiver.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • GNSS Global Navigation Satelite System
  • navigation systems of this type have access to a digital road map which is stored on a mass storage medium installed in the motor vehicle, such as CD-ROM, DVD or memory cards.
  • the current position, the time or route-optimized route and any driving recommendations are then autonomously calculated on the basis of the information recorded and the digital road map using a navigation computer integrated in the motor vehicle.
  • the well-known on-board vehicle navigation systems are characterized by high positioning accuracy and navigation performance.
  • Path information can be obtained from the speedometer signal, the ABS signal and additional wheel sensors, for example, while a gyroscope and an electrical compass provide directional information.
  • the current position can be determined using a GPS or GNSS signal.
  • MapMatching in which the digital map base is also used to determine the position.
  • the known on-board vehicle navigation systems can also be made dynamic by linking to an additional communication channel. In this way, dynamic boundary conditions, such as the current traffic situation, can be taken into account when calculating the shortest or fastest route to a selected destination.
  • a prerequisite for the high positioning accuracy and navigation performance of the known on-board vehicle navigation systems is a deep integration of these navigation systems into the infrastructure of the motor vehicle.
  • a vehicle-independent use of these navigation systems, such as the orientation and finding of a certain location after leaving the motor vehicle is therefore not readily possible.
  • HMI human-machine interface
  • a personal navigator is based on the gel on a low-cost satellite navigation receiver (GPS) in combination with a digital map base (low-end).
  • GPS satellite navigation receiver
  • the storage options or the availability of mass data memories of such personal navigators are comparatively limited and thus their availability via a digital map base.
  • the performance of the route calculation algorithms implemented is comparatively limited. As a rule, it is not intended to make the route calculation dynamic by taking account of up-to-date information.
  • German Offenlegungsschrift 198 28 077 describes a navigation system for a means of transportation that combines an on-board vehicle navigation system with a personal navigator.
  • the personal navigator is connected to the vehicle navigation system via a communication interface, so that navigation data can be transmitted from the vehicle navigation system to the personal navigator.
  • German Offenlegungsschrift 198 28 077 proposes to transmit map data stored in the vehicle navigation system to the Personal Navigator so that they can be used outside of the vehicle and independently of the motor vehicle even after the Personal Navigator has been disconnected from the vehicle navigation system. For example, before leaving the vehicle, map data about the current vehicle environment, for example the section of a city map, should be loaded into the portable Personal Navigator.
  • this map data is then displayed in a correspondingly complex manner. Possibly. the Personal Navigator performs simple navigation by drawing a path between two selected points on the map.
  • German Offenlegungsschrift 198 28 077 also proposes to design the personal navigator as a cap, ie as an operating part with or without a display, of the vehicle navigation system.
  • the navigation method known from German Offenlegungsschrift 198 28 077 is developed in such a way that the route calculation is based on hybrid navigation which, in addition to vehicle-based route guidance, also includes further personal route guidance.
  • a total distance from a starting point to a destination is determined in the form of several adjoining partial distances, with at least one partial distance to be covered by the motor vehicle and at least one partial distance with other means of transport or to Foot is to be covered, and by choosing the transition points between the partial distances when determining the total distance so that at least one partial distance is optimized.
  • a complete route planning often includes, in addition to the driving route of a motor vehicle, a distance that has to be covered by other means of transport or on foot. If the destination is, for example, in an inner city area, the vehicle is usually parked in a conveniently located parking lot so that it can then be reached on foot or by public transport. Furthermore, it has been recognized that there are generally different options for getting from a starting point to the destination, in particular different places for changing the means of transportation. These locations are referred to as transition points in the context of the invention. In this context, it has also been recognized that very different aspects of the total route can be optimized in route planning. For example, the route planning can be designed in such a way that the greatest possible distance between place of departure and destination should be covered by the motor vehicle or that there is as good a connection as possible to public transport or that the best possible footpath connects to the destination.
  • At least one partial distance is optimized with regard to the distance to be covered on this partial distance. It could e.g. act on the partial distance to be covered by the motor vehicle if the largest possible part of the distance between the starting point and the destination is to be covered by the motor vehicle.
  • At least one partial route is optimized with regard to the time required to cover the distance corresponding to this partial route using the appropriate means of transport or on foot.
  • the road condition or the road layout can also be taken into account.
  • the type of terrain - flat or with gradients - can be taken into account.
  • At least a partial distance is considered with regard to the possibilities for continuing the optimized movement with other means of transport or on foot.
  • a junction for public transport with which the destination can be reached quickly and easily, could be selected as the transition point between the partial route to be covered by the motor vehicle and a subsequent partial route.
  • the current traffic situation and / or the current weather situation could be taken into account when optimizing the at least one partial distance. Based on the current traffic situation, a comparatively longer partial distance could be selected for the motor vehicle. The current weather situation could lead to preference for public transport for a partial distance.
  • individual variants of the user could also be taken into account in a variant of the method according to the invention when optimizing the at least one partial distance. It could e.g. is a location for a stopover.
  • an automatic location determination is carried out at regular time intervals, for example, and the total distance or a remaining distance is updated on the basis of the currently determined location.
  • the method according to the invention can also dynamically take into account a deviation from the predefined route. Determining the current location and updating the remaining distance generally pose no problems until the vehicle is left, since the vehicle navigation system is used to one has means for determining location - GPS or GNSS - and the other has a powerful navigation computer. If the personal navigator is also equipped accordingly, the remaining distance can also be updated independently of the motor vehicle, which proves to be very useful in practice.
  • the total distance or the remaining distance distance is determined with the help of the vehicle navigation system as long as the motor vehicle is used for locomotion.
  • the limited memory and computing power of a personal navigator can then be optimally used to display and, if necessary, update the remaining distance after leaving the motor vehicle, since in this case only the geographic data for the remaining distance or that for displaying the rest - Map data required for the route must be loaded into the Personal Navigator before it is disconnected from the vehicle navigation system.
  • the invention also relates to a device for carrying out a navigation method, as described above.
  • a simple retrofitting of on-board vehicle navigation systems and the already limited installation space in the vehicle cockpit it is proposed according to the invention to design the communication interface between the vehicle navigation system and the personal navigator in such a way that it enables wireless communication.
  • the Personal Navigator can simply be stored in the vehicle console. A possibly complicated contact with the vehicle navigation system is not necessary here.
  • the communication interface could be an infrared or an ultrasound interface.
  • a radio or microwave interface such as e.g. a bluetooth interface.
  • the communication interface is bidirectional, so that not only data can be transmitted from the vehicle navigation system to the Personal Navigator, but data can also be entered for the vehicle navigation system via the Personal Navigator.
  • the personal navigator can function practically as an operating unit or input and output device for the vehicle navigation system.
  • the personal navigator is equipped with its own GPS or GNSS receiver, since in this case the current location can also be determined independently of the motor vehicle.
  • the personal navigator is equipped with its own sensors for recording route and direction information.
  • FIG. 1 shows the block diagram of a device according to the invention with a vehicle navigation system and a personal navigator
  • FIG. 2 shows the flow diagram of a combined navigation with the device shown in FIG. 1, the method according to the invention being used, and
  • FIG. 3 shows different variants for coupling a personal navigator to an on-board vehicle navigation system.
  • the vehicle navigation system 1 shown in the block diagram of FIG. 1 comprises a navigation computer 2, a human-machine interface 3 for the input and output of data or information, a sensor system 4 for the acquisition of route and direction information, and a satellite Navigation receiver 5 and a digital map base 6 stored on a mass storage device.
  • Machine interface 3 can consist, for example, of a display, a keyboard and / or a voice input and output with voice recognition.
  • the sensor system 5 can comprise, for example, wheel sensors, ABS sensors, a speedometer interface, a gyroscope and / or an electrical compass.
  • the satellite navigation receiver can work, for example, on the basis of GPS or GNSS.
  • the navigation computer 2 of the vehicle navigation system 1 is connected to a personal navigator 8 via a communication interface 7.
  • the communication interface 7 is preferably made contactless, for which infrared, ultrasound or radio transmission can be considered. However, it can also be implemented by an electrical connection, for example in the form of a plug contact.
  • the communication interface 7 is designed bidirectionally, so that data can be transmitted from the vehicle navigation system 1 to the personal navigator 8 and vice versa from the personal navigator 8 to the vehicle navigation system.
  • FIG. 1 shows two possible variants of a personal navigator 8 and 8a. Both variants include a ⁇ -processor platform with periphery 9, ie with at least one oscillator, memories and interfaces, and a human-machine interface 10 for the input and output of data or information. Since commercially available personal organizers have such an architecture, they can be used as mobile personal navigators in a cost-effective variant of the method and device according to the invention. In this case, the personal navigator 8 itself cannot carry out a localization, so that the user cannot determine his current position after leaving the motor vehicle, ie after the personal navigator 8 has been disconnected from the vehicle navigation system 1.
  • the route list or remaining distance calculated by the vehicle navigation system 1 or the remaining distance from the current vehicle position to the selected destination and, if appropriate, a corresponding map section from the vehicle navigation system 1 are loaded into the personal navigator 8 only before leaving the motor vehicle , The user can then work through this route list however, orient independently, without further support from the Personal Navigator 8, which is comparable to using a city map.
  • a GPS or GNSS receiver 11 and a sensor system 12 are additionally integrated in the personal navigator 8a and are used to determine the current position of the user outside the motor vehicle.
  • a personal navigator 8a offers complete navigation functionality within the scope of the available storage and computing capacity.
  • the user can here with orientation and moving information, such as "Turn right into Kaiserstrasse at the next intersection.”
  • the Personal Navigator 8a can determine the current position of the user and thus update the remaining distance to the destination when the user takes the route calculated by the vehicle navigation system leaves, which is particularly useful when the user has got lost.
  • the integration of a voice output into the HMI 10 of the Personal Navigator 8 or 8a is possible and useful.
  • the flow chart shown in FIG. 2 shows the sequence of navigation using the device shown in FIG. 1, the method according to the invention being carried out.
  • the route guidance process is started by entering the desired destination.
  • the destination can either be entered at 20 directly via the HMI of the vehicle navigation computer or alternatively at 21 via the HMI of the personal navigator, in order to then be transmitted to the vehicle navigation system at 22 via the bidirectional communication interface.
  • the vehicle navigation system calculates the entire route at 23, i.e. the total distance from the current position of the motor vehicle to the destination.
  • the total distance from the current vehicle position - the starting point - to the destination is determined according to the invention in the form of several adjoining partial distances, at least the first partial distance having to be covered by the motor vehicle.
  • a subsequent partial route could then be covered by other means of transport or on foot II
  • various routes from the starting point to the destination are generally determined and divided into segments depending on the means of transportation. This results in one or more "vehicle routes”, i.e. partial distances to be covered by the motor vehicle, and one or more “person routes”, i.e. with other means of transport or parts of the distance to be covered on foot, which always merge into one another at their starting and destination points, the transition points.
  • vehicle routes i.e. partial distances to be covered by the motor vehicle
  • person routes i.e. with other means of transport or parts of the distance to be covered on foot
  • a query is made at 24 as to whether the destination can be reached by motor vehicle. In this case, the corresponding vehicle route is processed at 25 until the destination is reached at 26. If the destination cannot be reached by motor vehicle, the determined partial distance to be covered by the motor vehicle is first processed at 27. Before leaving the motor vehicle, the partial distances to be covered by other means of transport or on foot are then downloaded with the associated map sections from the vehicle navigation system via the communication interface to the personal navigator. These partial routes are then processed at 29 until the destination is reached at 26.
  • the vehicle navigation system is a dynamic system
  • up-to-date information such as traffic conditions, road closures, construction sites and weather conditions can be included in the calculation of the total distance and thus also in the calculation of the partial distances.
  • the personal navigator 8 can be designed as a separate device, which can be stored in the vehicle console while driving, for example, and communicates with the vehicle navigation system 1 via an infrared, ultrasound or radio interface.
  • integration into the design of the vehicle navigation system 1 is also conceivable, as shown in FIG. 3b.
  • the Personal Navigator 8 is inserted into the front cap or a built-in adapter of the vehicle navigation system while driving.
  • the personal navigator 8 is designed as a removable cap of the vehicle navigation system 1.
  • the invention combines an on-board vehicle navigation system and a personal navigator into one system and integrates it functionally.
  • the two functional units namely both the vehicle navigation system integrated into the motor vehicle and the mobile personal navigator, are basically operable independently of one another. In idle mode, the two functional units are connected to one another via a communication interface.
  • the "vehicle component" of the combined system has access to a digital map base stored in a mass memory.
  • the calculations relating to route planning and relevant map sections are carried out as far as possible by the more powerful vehicle component , even with a mixed operation of vehicle-bound and non-vehicle-bound navigation, as it typically occurs in city centers, for example driving to a parking lot followed by shopping in the pedestrian zone.
  • the HMI of the personal navigator can be used to facilitate the operation of the vehicle component, similar to the remote control for video recorders. Then the entry of information such as the destination, via the Personal Navigator inside or outside the vehicle and transmitted to the vehicle component via the communication interface.
  • the Personal Navigator loads a pre-calculated route list, ie the total or remaining distance, and map data from the vehicle navigation system via the communication interface specified in the system approach.
  • the personal navigator can only comprise a computer and an input / output unit comparable to a personal organizer or also be additionally equipped with means for determining the position, such as, for example, an integrated GPS or GNSS receiver with an antenna and possibly an additional sensor system. Both variants are suitable for displaying map sections and route lists pre-calculated by the vehicle component, comparable to an electronic city map. If the Personal Navigator also has a location functionality, personal navigation with self-sufficient recalculation of the route and output of orientation information can also be implemented in the handheld component.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Navigation (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de navigation à l'aide d'un système de navigation de véhicule (1) intégré de manière fixe dans l'infrastructure d'un véhicule automobile et d'un navigateur personnel mobile (8) pouvant être raccordé au système de navigation. L'invention vise à perfectionner le procédé selon lequel des données de navigation sont transmises du système de navigation de véhicule (1) au navigateur personnel (8). A cet effet, le calcul d'itinéraire est fondé sur une navigation hybride qui intègre, en plus d'une conduite à destination liée au véhicule, une conduite à destination perfectionnée liée aux personnes. Ainsi, un trajet global d'un point de départ à une destination est déterminé sous forme de plusieurs trajets partiels se suivant, au moins un trajet partiel étant effectué avec le véhicule et au moins un trajet partiel étant effectué avec d'autres moyens de transport ou à pied. Lors de la détermination du trajet global, les points de transition entre les trajets partiels sont sélectionnés de sorte qu'au moins un trajet partiel est optimisé.
PCT/DE2001/004045 2000-10-31 2001-10-25 Procede de navigation et dispositif pour son execution WO2002037446A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2000153874 DE10053874B4 (de) 2000-10-31 2000-10-31 Verfahren zur Navigation und Vorrichtung zu dessen Durchführung
DE10053874.6 2000-10-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002037446A1 true WO2002037446A1 (fr) 2002-05-10

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DE (1) DE10053874B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002037446A1 (fr)

Cited By (13)

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EP1475610A1 (fr) * 2003-05-06 2004-11-10 Harman/Becker Automotive Systems GmbH Commande à distance pour vehicule
FR2857549A1 (fr) * 2003-03-28 2005-01-14 France Telecom Dispositif et procede de guidage d'un utilisateur dote d'un terminal mobile
EP1498863A2 (fr) * 2003-07-16 2005-01-19 Thales North America, Inc. Système de navigation modulaire
EP1568970A1 (fr) * 2004-02-26 2005-08-31 Alcatel Procédé de saisie de données de destination par un terminal mobile
DE102004033841A1 (de) * 2004-07-13 2006-02-02 Siemens Ag Zielführungssystem
WO2007140062A1 (fr) * 2006-05-25 2007-12-06 Electronic Data Systems Corporation Communication bidirectionnelle en transit entre un dispositif de positionnement portatif et un fournisseur de service via un ordinateur embarqué sur un véhicule
WO2008077058A1 (fr) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-26 Bose Corporation Interfaces utilisateur d'intégration
WO2009043801A1 (fr) * 2007-09-27 2009-04-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Système de navigation
DE102010029589A1 (de) * 2010-06-01 2011-12-01 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Fahrzeugeigenposition eines Kraftfahrzeugs
EP1950094B1 (fr) * 2007-01-26 2012-09-05 Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH Système de montage d'un dispositif électronique mobile
EP1870672B1 (fr) * 2006-06-19 2014-07-30 Magneti Marelli S.p.A. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Navigationssystems
WO2014144736A2 (fr) 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Google Inc. Systèmes et procédés pour transférer des données de navigation
WO2016026865A1 (fr) * 2014-08-20 2016-02-25 Jaguar Land Rover Limited Dispositif de planification d'itinéraire et procédé associé

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Cited By (22)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2857549A1 (fr) * 2003-03-28 2005-01-14 France Telecom Dispositif et procede de guidage d'un utilisateur dote d'un terminal mobile
EP1475610A1 (fr) * 2003-05-06 2004-11-10 Harman/Becker Automotive Systems GmbH Commande à distance pour vehicule
EP1498863A2 (fr) * 2003-07-16 2005-01-19 Thales North America, Inc. Système de navigation modulaire
EP1498863A3 (fr) * 2003-07-16 2005-05-18 Thales North America, Inc. Système de navigation modulaire
US7233860B2 (en) 2003-07-16 2007-06-19 Magellan Navigation, Inc. Intelligent modular navigation information capability
EP1568970A1 (fr) * 2004-02-26 2005-08-31 Alcatel Procédé de saisie de données de destination par un terminal mobile
US7239961B2 (en) 2004-02-26 2007-07-03 Alcatel Method for inputting destination data through a mobile terminal
CN100460817C (zh) * 2004-02-26 2009-02-11 阿尔卡特公司 通过移动终端输入目的地数据的方法
DE102004033841A1 (de) * 2004-07-13 2006-02-02 Siemens Ag Zielführungssystem
US7653481B2 (en) 2006-05-25 2010-01-26 Hewlettt-Packard Development Company, L.P. In-transit two-way route communication between a handheld positioning device and a service provider
WO2007140062A1 (fr) * 2006-05-25 2007-12-06 Electronic Data Systems Corporation Communication bidirectionnelle en transit entre un dispositif de positionnement portatif et un fournisseur de service via un ordinateur embarqué sur un véhicule
EP1870672B1 (fr) * 2006-06-19 2014-07-30 Magneti Marelli S.p.A. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Navigationssystems
WO2008077069A1 (fr) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-26 Bose Corporation Interfaces utilisateur d'intégration
WO2008077058A1 (fr) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-26 Bose Corporation Interfaces utilisateur d'intégration
EP1950094B1 (fr) * 2007-01-26 2012-09-05 Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH Système de montage d'un dispositif électronique mobile
WO2009043801A1 (fr) * 2007-09-27 2009-04-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Système de navigation
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US9784841B2 (en) 2010-06-01 2017-10-10 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method of determining the own-vehicle position of a motor vehicle
WO2014144736A2 (fr) 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Google Inc. Systèmes et procédés pour transférer des données de navigation
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