WO2002034296A1 - Nouvel agent de therapie genique permettant de traiter l'hemophilie b et son procede de preparation - Google Patents

Nouvel agent de therapie genique permettant de traiter l'hemophilie b et son procede de preparation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002034296A1
WO2002034296A1 PCT/CN2001/001291 CN0101291W WO0234296A1 WO 2002034296 A1 WO2002034296 A1 WO 2002034296A1 CN 0101291 W CN0101291 W CN 0101291W WO 0234296 A1 WO0234296 A1 WO 0234296A1
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gene
fix
vector
human
phenotype
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PCT/CN2001/001291
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English (en)
French (fr)
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Jiahui Xia
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Jiahui Xia
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Priority to AT01988597T priority Critical patent/ATE453401T1/de
Priority to EP01988597A priority patent/EP1316319B1/en
Priority to JP2002537347A priority patent/JP2004512313A/ja
Priority to DE60140950T priority patent/DE60140950D1/de
Priority to AU2002223402A priority patent/AU2002223402A1/en
Priority to US10/362,916 priority patent/US7361639B2/en
Publication of WO2002034296A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002034296A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K48/00Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseases; Gene therapy
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/16Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/43Enzymes; Proenzymes; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/46Hydrolases (3)
    • A61K38/48Hydrolases (3) acting on peptide bonds (3.4)
    • A61K38/482Serine endopeptidases (3.4.21)
    • A61K38/4846Factor VII (3.4.21.21); Factor IX (3.4.21.22); Factor Xa (3.4.21.6); Factor XI (3.4.21.27); Factor XII (3.4.21.38)
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P7/00Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P7/00Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
    • A61P7/04Antihaemorrhagics; Procoagulants; Haemostatic agents; Antifibrinolytic agents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gene medicine for treating hemophilia B and a preparation method thereof.
  • Hemophilia B also known as hemophilia B, is an X-linked recessive inherited hemorrhagic disease caused by a factor IX (FIX) deficiency, which affects 1/30000 men.
  • the molecular weight of human FIX protein is 56KD, which is a single-chain glycoprotein with 415 amino acid residues. Starting from the N-terminal tyrosine, it can be divided into 4 different structural regions: Gla region (T-carboxyglutamic acid region) ), Growth factor region, activating peptide region and catalytic region (or serine protein region).
  • Human FIX is mainly synthesized in the liver, and its initial translation product contains a 46-amino acid leader sequence at the N-terminus.
  • FIX exists in the form of zymogen in the blood, and after activation by FXIa or FVII-tissue factor complex, activated FIX (FIXa) with protease activity is formed.
  • FIX content in normal human plasma is 5 g / ml, and the half-life of its activity is 24 hours (see Chuah MKL, DesireCollen & T. VandenDriessche. Gene therapy for hemophilia. J Gene Med 2001; 3: 3-20).
  • FIX is an essential protein factor in the process of endogenous coagulation cascade.
  • the speed of endogenous coagulation cascade is increased by a factor of 1,000, so that the coagulation process takes only a few minutes That's it. Therefore, when FIX is absent in the human body, it will appear as spontaneous or micro-traumatic bleeding. In severe cases, joint deformation and disability may occur due to joint bleeding, or death may result from internal or intracranial hemorrhage.
  • the gene encoding the FIX protein was cloned in 1982. It is located in the Xq27.1 band, with a total of 8 exons. The coding region is 1.383kb in length and encodes 415 amino acids.
  • FIX protein for adults is 56KD
  • the content in normal blood paddle is 5 g / ml
  • the clinical treatment of hemophilia B is limited to protein replacement therapy, that is, blood transfusion, or supplementation of FIX concentrated preparations.
  • FIX has a half-life of only 24 hours in the human body, patients need repeated blood transfusions or blood products to sustain their lives. Not only must they bear heavy economic burdens, but they also face the threat of HIV, hepatitis B virus, and Mad Cow Prion infections.
  • the vectors currently used for FIX gene therapy research are mainly viral vectors, such as retroviral vectors, adenovirus vectors and adeno-associated virus vectors.
  • viral vectors such as retroviral vectors, adenovirus vectors and adeno-associated virus vectors.
  • Kay et al Used RV vectors to perform a gene therapy experiment on a hemophilia B dog. (See Kay MA, Rothenberg S, Landen CN, et al. In vivo gene therapy of hemophilia B: sustained partial correction in factor IX deficient dogs. Science 1993; 262: 117-119)
  • Studies have shown that the use of RV transporter genes in large animals Hepatocytes may express relatively long-term, but the expression is low.
  • Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rMV) vector is more effective in viral vector gene therapy for hemophilia B. It not only enables efficient and stable expression of FIX cDNA in the recipient, but also contains no viral gene in the vector It is not easy to cause cytotoxic T lymphocyte response and is favored by many researchers (see Jooss K, Yang Y, Fisher KJ, et al. Transduction of dendritic cells by DNA viral vectors directs the immune response to transgene products in muscle fibers. J Virol 1998; 72: 4212-4223). Kay and colleagues preclinical studies of mice and dogs with hemophilia B (see Kay MA, Manno CS, Ragni MV, et al.
  • non-viral vectors such as liposomes and microcapsules have also been developed and utilized.
  • non-viral vectors such as liposomes and microcapsules
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a gene medicine for treating hemophilia B which is safe and enables the therapeutic gene to be stably expressed in target cells.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned gene medicine.
  • the gene medicine for treating hemophilia B contains a DNA sequence with no important physiological function related genes on the short arms of human D and G chromosomes or a DNA sequence having homology with the DNA sequence as a guide for the therapeutic gene. Sequence-constructed gene vector-FIX recombinant.
  • the small chromosomes were stably inherited between the second and third generations of the two families without any harm to the human body. . Therefore, the present inventor proposed a scheme for isolating the small chromosome original and assembling a human gene vector. Seventeen such families have been reported so far at home and abroad, but no one has proposed a similar idea of using this small chromosome as a gene carrier.
  • the inventor first constructed a small chromosome-specific A single copy fragment was selected from the P UC19 library, and the fragment was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to be derived from the small chromosome and the short arms of group 0 and G chromosomes. The single copy fragment was used as a probe to screen the human PAC genomic DNA library.
  • a small chromosome-specific DNA fragment (BMSF) of about 120 kb was obtained and confirmed by FISH from the small chromosome and the short arms of group D and G chromosomes ( Figure 1). Sequencing analysis of the sequence characteristics of BMSF found no genes related to important physiological functions, so it proved to be safe to use this as a target site.
  • the invention further uses 120 kb or selects a smaller specific DNA fragment to construct a gene vector.
  • the gene guide sequence is selected from the DNA sequences of genes with no important physiological functions on the short arms of human D and G chromosomes or DNA sequences with homology to the DNA sequence as the guide sequence of the therapeutic gene is in accordance with the purpose of the invention of.
  • the gene vector thus constructed has specificity, and can be used to introduce the therapeutic gene into the short arms of human D and G chromosomes, and to express it efficiently and stably.
  • the prepared medicine may further contain auxiliary components, such as liposomes and proteins specific to the host cell, which are beneficial to the introduction of the therapeutic gene into the host cell.
  • the vector-FIX recombinant shown in Sequence Listing 1 is specifically given, in which the 3.8 kb guide sequence is derived from BMS.
  • TK is used as a negative selection gene
  • Neo gene is inserted into 1500 of the therapeutic gene guide sequence. It was divided into two arms of 1.5kb and 2.3kb, and the insertion site of the FIX treatment gene was 5910.
  • the insertion of a therapeutic gene is divided into a forward direction and a backward direction, and in the embodiment of the present invention, the insertion is a reverse direction.
  • Figure 2 shows the structure of the vector-FIX recombinant.
  • a specific 3.8 kb DNA sequence cloned from the short arms of human D and G group chromosomes as a therapeutic gene guide sequence and a vector construction process are specifically given.
  • the obtained gene vector-FIX recombinant basket has been deposited with the China Type Culture Collection Center on September 29, 2000 (in Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, postal code: 430072), and its deposit number is: CCTCC M20003
  • the designation of the deposit is Escherichia coli JM109 / JH-4 / pNS-FIX.
  • the vector carrying the therapeutic gene After the vector carrying the therapeutic gene is obtained, it can be further introduced into human ex vivo cells, such as skin fibroblasts, hematopoietic stem cells, etc., and can also be used as a gene medicine for treating hemophilia B.
  • human ex vivo cells such as skin fibroblasts, hematopoietic stem cells, etc.
  • the introduction method used is the existing technology, and the embodiment of the present invention is described by way of example. Bright.
  • the gene drug containing the transformed human ex vivo cells or the vector carrying the therapeutic gene is introduced into the patient by subcutaneous embedding, electroporation, or intravenous injection, or the vector-FIX recombinant is coated with liposomes. Directly injected into the patient, so that the therapeutic gene can be stably expressed in the patient for a long time to correct the clinical symptoms caused by the defective gene.
  • FIX human coagulation factor IX
  • FIX cross-intron primer PCR was used to confirm the presence of exogenous genes. Primers were used. Both pNSNeo and 876-7R amplify the gDNA of FIX-positive cloned cells, and a specific amplified fragment of 2.3 Kb can be seen. Sequencing confirmed the site-specific integration. After FISH detection, the two positive cell lines introduced by the FIX gene had fluorescent signals on the short arms of chromosomes 13, 21, indicating that they were site-directed. Positively transfected cell medium FIX activity assay results showed: FK activity 3. 56 ⁇ ⁇ / 10 6 cells / 24 hours, 449 days of cell culture expression is very stable in vitro passaging. The expression products were confirmed by Western blot.
  • the targeting vector we construct is a human-derived vector. There are species differences between humans and animals, especially for gene drugs. If targeting experiments are performed in animals, the intended site-specific integration does not necessarily occur, and it is not appropriate to evaluate the effectiveness and stability of the vector. It is not necessary to perform in vivo experiments on animals.
  • mice were administered intravenously via the tail vein at 450ug / Kg, which is equivalent to 100 times the amount of intravenous administration once a clinical adult (4.5ug / Kg) based on body weight.
  • Experimental results show that the drug is safe for intravenous administration and that the drug is toxic.
  • a DNA sequence having no important physiological function-related genes on the short arms of human group D and G chromosomes or a DNA sequence having homology with the DNA sequence is used as the therapeutic gene.
  • Guide sequence to build a gene vector There is no doubt that the gene vector constructed by it can introduce the therapeutic gene carried thereon into a specific target site in the host cell, and because the DNA fragment of the specific target site does not have important physiological function-related genes, the therapeutic gene Import is safe.
  • the gene medicine for treating hemophilia B uses a human-derived gene guide sequence to construct a vector carrying a therapeutic gene, so
  • the stability of the expression of the therapeutic gene is good: Because the vector carrying the therapeutic gene can be inserted into the short arms of the D and G chromosomes of human cells, The therapeutic gene is stably inherited with the chromosome;
  • the vector carrying the therapeutic gene of the present invention contains a guide sequence derived from the short arms of the chromosomes of groups D and G, correspondingly there are 10 target sites in human cells, and the insertion efficiency is higher than other The vector is at least 5-10 times higher.
  • the guide sequence comes from the short arms of the D and G chromosomes of the gene transcription active, the therapeutic gene guided to the target site can be highly expressed;
  • Figure 1 is a FISH map of 120kb BMSF;
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a gene vector-FIX recombinant provided by the present invention (the full length of the gene vector sequence: 13928bp); wherein pGEM -7 (11033—13928): a vector replication element and a prokaryotic screening system; TK (1- 2840): Eukaryotic cell negative selection gene, which uses the TK promoter and TK polyA signal; Neo (4342—5910): Eukaryotic cell positive selection gene, which uses the sv40 promoter and sv40 polyA signal; FIX (5911— 8677): FIX therapeutic gene, which uses CMV promoter and BGH polyA signal; GLS (2841-4341, 8678-111032): the therapeutic gene guide sequence; Cloning site (5910): the therapeutic gene insertion site.
  • TK Eukaryotic cell negative selection gene, which uses the TK promoter and TK polyA signal
  • Neo 4342—5910): Eukaryotic cell positive selection gene, which uses the s
  • Figure 3 is the FISH mapping of the exogenous FIX therapeutic gene in positive cell clones, which proves that the vector can direct FIX to the short arms of groups A, D and chromosomes;
  • Figure 4 shows the Western results of FIX-positive cells.
  • F3 to F23 are six different positive cell lines. "One" indicates a negative control.
  • Example 1 The embodiment provided by the present invention is only one way to implement the present invention, and cannot be regarded as a limitation to the present invention.
  • Example 1 The embodiment provided by the present invention is only one way to implement the present invention, and cannot be regarded as a limitation to the present invention.
  • Hybridization The colony lattice membrane is immersed in 2XSSC for 10 minutes, and the colony debris on the surface of the membrane is gently wiped. 65 ° C, 5ml of hybridization solution is prehybridized for more than 30 minutes. According to the liquid scintillation value, take 1.2X10 6 cpm / ml of the hybridization solution, take the probe solution and boil it at 100 ° C for 10 minutes, add 5ml of fresh hybridization solution, and hybridize with the colony lattice film 65 for more than 12 hours.
  • A- 32 P-dATP random primer method was used to label 260bp single-copy probe P8-7—G-50 column (medium particle size) Purification ⁇ 4 ° C for use 7 PAC membranes soaked with 2 X SSC for 10 minutes-55 Pre-hybridization at ° C for 3 hours ⁇ Denaturation of the probe at 100 ° C for 10 minutes-Add 4.6 X 10 5 cpm / ml to 50 ml of the purchased hybridization solution, and hybridize with the PAC membrane at 65 ° C for 1 hour.
  • Pulse electrophoresis conditions electrode buffer: 0.5 X TBE, High stregth Analytical Grade Agarose: (Bio-Rad, Low Melting point Agarose LMP) 1%, Switch Time: 2 seconds ⁇ 15 seconds electrophoresis time: 18 hours, voltage: 6V / cm, angle: 120. Temperature: 14 ° C
  • Neo / Xbal + Nhel 1.1.7 Digestion of P CDN-GPR plasmid with Xbal and hel to obtain Neo / Xbal + Nhel 1.1.8 Link Neo / Xbal + Nhel with pGEM-TK-3.8kb / NheI to construct pNS2 gene vector.
  • TpcF ATgCATCCTAggggAggTCgCTgAgTAgTg
  • TpcR TgCATgCCTAggTACCCCCTAgAgCCCAg
  • Avrll was used to digest the FIX gene and expression elements (CMV promoter and BGH poly A signal) and ligated to Nhel-digested pNS2 vector.
  • Example 3 Using the gene vector-FIX recombinant obtained in Example 2, the FIX therapeutic gene was introduced into host cells and expressed in the host cells.
  • the introduced HT1080 cell line was deposited with the China Type Culture Collection on August 18, 2000 ( In Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, zip code: 430072), its deposit number is: CCTCC C200005.
  • the name of the deposit is: human fibrosarcoma cell line, which is a human transgenic cell.
  • the electric shock conditions are set to a voltage of 260V and a capacitor of 550 ⁇ P.
  • the electric shock time is generally 11 to 13 milliseconds.
  • G418 was added to the medium for screening and the solution was changed once every 2 to 3 days. G418 was added again during the change, and normal cells were used as a control.
  • Transfected cells continue to be screened with GCV at a final concentration of 500ng / ml
  • the vector was used to introduce the FIX gene into HT1080 cells by electroporation. Positive and negative screens were used to obtain positive cell lines. FISH confirmed the site-specific insertion ( Figure 3).
  • FIX activity increased from less than 0.1 ⁇ / ⁇ 1 of the negative control to 4.27 g / ml, and the expression level was still 3.15 g / ml at 144 days after transformation, as shown in Table 1.
  • Western blot Real Figure 4).
  • the karyotype involves the short arms of group D and G chromosomes, but regardless of the translocation to the short arms of D and G chromosomes from chromosome 1-22, or the fragments derived from the same chromosome are of different lengths and genes From 1 to thousands, and the phenotype of the carrier is normal, indicating that genes that are translocated to the short arms of D and G chromosomes can be expressed normally. Based on this, we use the short arms of D and G chromosomes as genes The target site for treatment should be safe.
  • Phenotype Female, 28 years old, a carrier of normal phenotype
  • Phenotype Female, 24 years old, normal carrier
  • Phenotype Female, 26 years old, a carrier with normal phenotype
  • Phenotype Female, 28 years old, a carrier of normal phenotype
  • Phenotype Male, 25 years old, a carrier of normal phenotype
  • Phenotype Male, normal carrier
  • Phenotype Male, 27 years old, a carrier of normal phenotype
  • Phenotype Female, 32 years old, a carrier of normal phenotype
  • Phenotype Male, 25 years old, a carrier of normal phenotype
  • Phenotype Male, 33 years old, a normal phenotype carrier
  • Phenotype Female, 23 years old, a carrier of normal phenotype
  • Phenotype Male, 28 years old, a carrier of normal phenotype
  • Phenotype Male, 27 years old, a carrier of normal phenotype
  • Phenotype Female, 31 years old, mother, 1 younger sister, 1 younger brother, 1 son have the same karyotype, and are also normal carriers of the phenotype
  • Phenotype Female, 32 years old, a carrier of normal phenotype
  • Phenotype Female, 36 years old, a carrier of normal phenotype
  • Phenotype Female, 28 years old, a carrier of normal phenotype
  • Phenotype Female, 29 years old, a carrier of normal phenotype
  • Phenotype Female, 2 years old, normal carrier
  • Phenotype Female, 26 years old, a carrier of normal phenotype
  • Phenotype Male, 23 years old, a normal phenotype carrier
  • Phenotype Female, 28 years old, a carrier of normal phenotype
  • Phenotype Female, 27 years old, a carrier of normal phenotype
  • Phenotype Male, 30 years old, a normal phenotype carrier
  • Phenotype Female, 28 years old, a carrier of normal phenotype
  • Phenotype Female, 27 years old, a carrier of normal phenotype
  • Phenotype Male, 30 years old, a normal phenotype carrier
  • Phenotype Female, 27 years old, a carrier of normal phenotype
  • Phenotype Female, 29 years old, a carrier of normal phenotype
  • Phenotype Male, 29 years old, normal carrier
  • Phenotype Female, normal carrier
  • Phenotype Female, 26 years old, a carrier of normal phenotype
  • Phenotype male, newborn, carrier of normal phenotype
  • the gene medicine provided by the present invention. Before the experiment, it was prepared into an injection solution with a concentration of 11.25ug / ml with sterile water.
  • mice were tested, and male and female were injected with the gene medicine provided by the present invention through the tail vein.
  • the preliminary experiment used a human dose of 100 times, that is, 450 ug / kg, and no toxic reaction was found.
  • Formal trials According to the characteristics of gene therapy drugs, formal trials are carried out with pre-test doses.
  • the test was divided into two groups, namely the administration group and the blank control group.
  • the test group used the gene medicine provided by the present invention at a dose of 450 ug / kg (based on body weight, equivalent to 100 times the clinical daily dose for adults).
  • the control group was injected with an equal amount of distilled water through the tail vein (0.4 ml 1 10 g once).
  • the animals' response to the drug was observed immediately after the administration of the two groups.
  • the animals were continuously observed for 14 days, and their urine, general activities and deaths were recorded. On the 14th day, all mice were dissected to observe the condition of the thoracic cavity and abdominal cavity.
  • mice (n-20) were observed continuously for 14 days, and no abnormal activity and animal death were found.
  • the mouse human-derived gene vector FIX was administered intravenously at a dose of 100 times the daily intravenous dose of an adult, without causing death, indicating that its acute toxicity is very small. It is safe for intravenous administration and can provide clinical application.

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Description

治疗血友病 B的基因药物及其制备方法 本发明涉及治疗血友病 B的基因药物及其制备方法。
血友病 B又称乙型血友病, 是一种凝血 IX因子 (FIX)缺陷引起的 X连锁隐性遗传的出血性疾病, 在男性中发病率为 1/30000。 人 FIX蛋 白的分子量为 56KD, 为包括 415个氨基酸残基的单链糖蛋白, 从 N -端 的酪氨酸开始, 可分为 4个不同的结构区: Gla区(T -羧基谷氨酸区)、 生长因子区、 激活肽区和催化区 (或丝氨酸蛋白区) 。 人 FIX主要在肝 脏合成, 其初始翻译产物含有 N-端的 46个氨基酸的前导序列, 经去前 导肽、 糖基化和依赖维生素 K的 T -羧化等修饰作用后成为出现在血液 中的成熟 FIX。 FIX在血液中以酶原的形式存在, 经 FXIa或 FVII-组织 因子复合物激活后形成具有蛋白酶活性的活化 FIX (FIXa) 。 正常人血 浆中 FIX含量为 5 g/ml,其活性的半衰期为 24小时 (参见 Chuah MKL, DesireCollen & T. VandenDriessche. Gene therapy for hemophilia. J Gene Med 2001 ; 3 :3-20)。
FIX是内源性凝血级联反应过程中必需的蛋白因子, 当 FIX与调控 蛋白 FVIII形成复合物后, 使内源性凝血级联反应速度成千倍增加, 至 使凝血过程仅在几分钟内即可完成。 因此, 当人体内缺乏 FIX时, 便表 现为自发性或微外伤后出血不止, 严重者可因关节出血而导致关节变形 和残废或因内脏或颅内出血而死亡。 编码 FIX蛋白的基因于 1982年被 克隆,它位于 Xq27. 1带,共 8个外显子,编码区全长 1. 383kb,编码 415 个氨基酸。 (Choo H, Gould KG, Rees DJ, et al. Nature 1982 ; 299 : 178-180; Kurachi K, Davie EW. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1982 ; 79 :6461-6464. ) 成人的 FIX蛋白分子量为 56KD, 在正常血桨中 含量为 5 g/ml ( Kaufman RJ. Human Gene Therapy 1999 ; 10 : 2091- 2107. ) 。 血友病 B 的临床治疗仅限于蛋白替代治疗即靠输血, 或补充 FIX浓缩制剂。 但由于 FIX在人体内半衰期仅 24小时, 患者需要反复 输血或血液制品来维持生命, 不仅要承受沉重的经济负担, 而且还面临 艾滋病病毒、 乙肝病毒和疯牛朊病毒感染的威胁。
如何将正常 FIX基因导入患者体内以替代缺陷的 FIX基因是血友病
B基因治疗中遇到的最关键的问题。 目前用于 FIX基因治疗研究的载体 主要为病毒性载体,如逆转录病毒载体,腺病毒载体及腺相关病毒载体。 1. Kay等用 RV载体对一只血友病 B狗进行了基因治疗实验。 (参见 Kay MA, Rothenberg S, Landen CN, et al. In vivo gene therapy of hemophilia B: sustained partial correction in factor IX deficient dogs. Science 1993 ; 262 : 117-119)研究表明用 RV转运基因在大型动 物的肝细胞中有可能相对地长期表达, 但表达量低。 在小鼠的研究中也 发现小鼠的肝细胞仅 0. 被 RV转化, (参见 Kay MA, Li QT, Liu JJ, et al. Hepatic Gene Therapy: Persistent expression of human a 1 -antitrypsin in mice after direct gene delivery in vivo. Hum Gene Ther 1992 ; 3 : 641-647 )这主要是因为 RV不能整合非分裂细胞。 因此 在以肝细胞为靶细胞进行基因治疗时, 必须实施部分肝脏切除手术以诱 导剩余肝组织的细胞分裂; 而 RV 的体内转化效率较低, 体外培养细胞 再移植效率也不高, 致使低水平的 FIX表达不能完全纠正血友病 B的表 型。 (参见 Lieber A. Peters MJ, Gown A, et al. A modified urokinase plasminogen activator induces liver regeneration without bleeding. Hum Gene Ther 1995 ; 6 : 1029-1037 ; Bowles NE, Eisensmith RC, Mohuiddin , et al. A simple and efficient method for the concentration and purification of recombinant retrovirus for increased hepatocyte transduction in vivo. Hum Gene Ther 1996 ; 7 : 1735-1742 ; Bosch A, McCray PB, Jr. Chang S顯, et al. Proliferation induced by keratinocyte growth factor enhances in vivo retroviral— mediated gene transfer to mouse hepatocytes. J Clin invest 1996 ; 98 : 2683-2687 ) 逆转录病毒载体虽能稳定地整合到 靶细胞的基因组中, 但其只能感染分裂细胞, 且存在插入诱变等安全隐 患;
2. 重组腺相关病毒 (rMV)载体在血友病 B 的基因治疗方面是病毒载 体中比较有效的, 它不仅能使 FIX cDNA在受体中有效并稳定表达, 而 且由于载体中不含病毒基因, 不易引起细胞毒性 T淋巴细胞反应而受到 许多研究者的青睐 (参见 Jooss K, Yang Y, Fisher KJ, et al. Transduction of dendritic cells by DNA viral vectors directs the immune response to transgene products in muscle fibers. J Virol 1998 ; 72 : 4212-4223) 。 Kay及同事对小鼠及患血友病 B狗的临床前研 究 (参见 Kay MA, Manno CS, Ragni MV, et al . Evidence for gene transfer and expression of factor IX in haemophilia B patients treated with an AAV vector. Nat Genet 2000 ; 24: 257-261 ) 。 但 MV滴度低, 制备 复杂, 不能大量扩增, 要用于人类基因治疗, 尚有待进一步研究。
近年来非病毒载体如脂质体、 微胶囊等也得到了开发和利用。 (参考 Hortelano G, Xu N, Vandenberg A, et al. Persistent delivery of factor IX in mice : gene therapy for hemophilia using implantable microcapsules. Hum Gene Ther 1999 ; 10 (8) : 1281— 1288.
因此近十年来, 尽管在血友病 B 的基因治疗方面采取了许多改进措 施, 但至今仍未得到安全的、 稳定的、 一次性治疗的基因药物, 关键问 题就在于还没找到一种安全性好、 无免疫原性、 能高效转化靶细胞并在 靶细胞中长期稳定表达治疗基因的载体。
本发明的目的是提供一种安全、 能使治疗基因在靶细胞中稳定表达 的治疗血友病 B的基因药物。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种制备上述基因药物的方法。
本发明提供的治疗血友病 B的基因药物, 含有以人类 D、 G组染色 体短臂上无重要生理功能相关基因的 DNA序列或与该 DNA序列具有同 源性的 DNA序列作为治疗基因的引导序列所构建的基因载体 -FIX重组 体。
本申请人发现 2个携带额外双随体小染色体 (BM) 而表型正常的 家系, 该小染色体分别在 2个家系的 2代人和 3代人之间稳定遗传, 且 对人体无任何危害。 因此本发明人提出了分离该小染色体原件、 组装人 源基因载体的方案。 国内外至今已报导这类家系 17个, 但没有人提出 利用该小染色体作为基因载体的类似设想。 在研究中申请人用 FISH技 术査明, 该小染色体来源于人的0、 G组染色体短臂即 13、 14、 15、 21、 22号染色体短臂, 由于 D、 G组染色体短臂为核仁组织区, 富含核糖 体 DNA(rDNA), 该区域不但在人群中存在着长度不同的各种多态 (即 含 rDNA的量有多有少) , 而且在细胞分裂间期该区域基因转录十分活 跃, 因此, 本发明人推测如果能从 BM克隆出具有特异性的 DNA片段, 并以其作为治疗基因的引导序列, 将治疗基因定点导入人体 D、 G组染 色体短臂核仁组织区, 应该有较高的、 稳定的和无害的表达。 后续的实 施例对此作出了有力的证明。
本发明人首先利用显微切割的方法, 构建了小染色体特异性的 PUC19 文库并从中筛选得到单拷贝片段, 该片段经荧光原位杂交 (FISH)证实来源于小染色体和0、 G组染色体短臂, 进一步以此单拷 贝片段为探针筛选人 PAC基因组 DNA文库, 获得了约 120kb的小染色 体特异性 DNA片段(BMSF) , 并经 FISH证实来源于小染色体和 D、 G组染色体短臂 (图 1 ) 。 测序分析 BMSF的序列特性, 未发现与重要 生理功能相关的基因, 因此证明, 以此为靶位点是安全的。 本发明进一 步利用 120 kb或从中选择更小的具有特异性的 DNA片段, 构建基因载 体。
因此本申请人认为基因引导序列选自人类 D、 G组染色体短臂上无 重要生理功能相关基因的 DNA序列或与该 DNA序列具有同源性的 DNA 序列作为治疗基因的引导序列是符合发明目的的。 由此构建的基因载体 具有特异性, 能将治疗基因定点导入到人 D、 G组染色体短臂上, 并高 效稳定表达。
在所制备的药物中, 还可含有有利于治疗基因导入宿主细胞的辅助 成份, 如脂质体、 对宿主细胞有特异性的蛋白质。
在获得治疗基因引导序列的基础上, 按现有技术可构建各种形式的 载体。 构建载体和将治疗基因装入载体的方法是通常的方法。
本发明实施例中具体给出了序列表 1 表示的载体 -FIX重组体, 其 中 3.8kb引导序列来源于 BMS , 利用 TK作为负筛选基因, 将正筛选 基因 Neo基因插入治疗基因引导序列中的 1500位, 使其分为 1.5kb和 2.3kb两臂, FIX治疗基因的插入位点为 5910位。 治疗基因的插入有正 反向之分, 本发明实施例中为反向插入。 图 2表示了该载体 -FIX重组 体的结构图。
本发明实施例中具体给出了从人 D、 G组染色体短臂上克隆得到 的具有特异性的 3.8kb DNA序列作为治疗基因引导序列, 并构建载体的 过程。 所得到基因载体 -FIX重组体篮直 已于 2000年 9月 29日向中国 典型培养物保藏中心提出保藏(中国.武汉武汉大学校内,邮政编 码: 430072),其保藏号是: CCTCC M20003 保藏人对保藏物指定的分 类命名为 Escherichia coli JM109 /JH-4/pNS-FIX。
得到上述携带治疗基因的载体后, 可进一步将其导入人离体细胞 中, , 如皮肤成纤维细胞, 造血干细胞等, 同样可作为治疗血友病 B的 基因药物。 所用的导入方法是现有的技术, 本发明实施例进行了举例说 明。
这样, 将含上述转化后的人离体细胞或含有承载有治疗基因的载体 的基因药物通过皮下包埋、 电穿孔或静脉注射等方式导入患者体内或将 载体 -FIX重组体用脂质体包裹直接注入患者体内, 使治疗基因能在患 者体内长期稳定表达, 以纠正缺陷基因导致的临床症状。
基因治疗的有效性试验-
(一) 体外实验
我们将人凝血因子 IX (FIX)重组载体线性化并以电穿孔的方法导 入 HT1080细胞, 经正、 负筛选得到阳性细胞株, 以 FIX跨内含子引物 PCR 证实含外源性基因, 用引物 pNSNeo和 876-7R扩增 FIX阳性克隆细胞的 gDNA, 均可见 2. 3Kb的特异性扩增片段, 测序证实为定点整合。 经 FISH 检测, FIX基因导入的 2个阳性细胞株在 13、 21号染色体短臂有荧光信 号, 表明为定点插入。 阳性转染细胞培养基中 FIX活性测定结果显示: FK 活性为 3. 56μβ/106细胞 /24小时, 细胞经体外培养传代 449天后表达十分 稳定。 表达产物经 Western杂交证实。
(二)体内试验
我们构建的打靶载体是人源载体, 人和动物存在种属差异, 特别对 于基因药物来说更加如此。 如果在动物体内进行打靶实验, 不一定出现预 期的定点整合,不适宜评价该载体的有效性和稳定性。 所以不必进行动物 的体内实验。
对本发明提供的基因药物进行毒性实验: 小鼠尾静脉给药, 450ug / Kg, 按体重计算相当临床成人一次静脉给药量(4.5ug / Kg) 的 100倍。 实验结果表明该药静脉给药安全, 该药物 毒性。
由于本发明提供的治疗血友病 B的基因药物中, 以人类 D、 G组染 色体短臂上无重要生理功能相关基因的 DNA序列或与该 DNA序列具 有同源性的 DNA序列作为治疗基因的引导序列, 来构建基因载体。 毫 无疑问, 由其构建的基因载体能将其上承载的治疗基因定点导入宿主细 胞中特定靶位, 并且由于该特定靶位的 DNA片段不具有重要的生理功 能相关的基因, 因此治疗基因的导入是安全的。
综上所述, 本发明提供的治疗血友病 B 的基因药物中由于采用了 人源基因引导序列来构建承载治疗基因的载体, 因而
( 1 ) 治疗基因表达稳定性好: 由于承载治疗基因的载体能将治疗基 因定点插入到人体细胞的 D组和 G组染色体短臂上, 所以使 治疗基因随染色体而稳定遗传;
(2) 安全性好: 由于在治疗基因导入的靶位点不含有与重要生理功 能相关的基因, 证明该靶位点安全, 同时 FISH证实载体能将 治疗基因定点插入细胞中安全的靶位点 (图 3 ) , 排除了随机 插入突变, 也不存在野生型病毒的危害。 所以治疗基因在靶位 点的表达是安全的。 虽然本发明没有提供基因治疗的临床证 明, 但申请人及国内外研究者发现的实例从另一角度证明了其 安全性;
(3 ) 表达效率高: 第一, 由于本发明承载治疗基因的载体含有来源 于 D、 G组染色体短臂的引导序列, 因此对应地在人体细胞中 存在 10个靶位点, 插入效率比其它载体至少高 5-10倍; 第二, 由于引导序列来自于基因转录活跃的 D、 G组染色体短臂, 引 导进入靶位点的治疗基因能得到高效表达;
(4) 无免疫原性: 由于该载体为人源性的, 因此用于人体不会产生 免疫原性。 图 1是 120kb BMSF的 FISH定位图;
图 2是本发明提供的一种基因载体 -FIX重组体的结构图 (基因载体 序列全长: 13928bp) ; 其中 pGEM -7 ( 11033—13928) : 载体复制元 件及原核筛选系统; TK ( 1—2840) : 真核细胞负筛选基因, 该基因使 用 TK启动子和 TK polyA信号; Neo (4342— 5910) : 真核细胞正筛选 基因, 该基因使用 sv40启动子和 sv40 polyA信号; FIX(5911— 8677): FIX治疗基因,该基因使用 CMV启动子和 BGH polyA信号; GLS (2841 —4341 , 8678—11032) : 治疗基因引导序列; Cloning site (5910) : 治疗基因插入位点。
图 3是外源性 FIX治疗基因在阳性细胞克隆中的 FISH定位, 证 明该载体能将 FIX定点导 A D、 G组染色体短臂;
图 4是 FIX阳性细胞 Western结果, F3〜F23为 6个不同阳性细 胞株, "一"示阴性对照。
本发明提供的实施例只是实现本发明的一种方式, 不能视为对本发 明的限制。 实施例 1
本发明提供的基因引导序列的制备:
1.基因引导序列 PAC克隆的获得
1.1显微切割、 PCR、 微克隆构建 BM特异性 pUC19文库(Deng H-
X, Yoshiura K, Dirks RW, et al. Hum Genet 1992, 89:13.)
1.2 BM特异性单拷贝 DNA的获得及鉴定
(1)菌落点阵膜的制备: 在两张尼龙膜上划好 14X14个方格, 标记为 A、 B, 分别置于 2个有固体 LB的平皿中, 从文库皿中随机挑取白色克 隆分别点到两张膜坐标相同的方格内,共挑 14X12个,第 13行点 lOOng 单拷贝 DNA做阳性对照, 第 14行点 lOOng gDNA做为阴性对照, 两个 皿分别置 37°C培养 10〜12小时, 其中 B膜置 4°C保存, 将 A膜从皿中 取出, 分别在用以下溶液浸湿的滤纸上处理, 10%SDS, 5 分钟, 0.5N NaOH/1.5M NaCl, 3 分钟, 1.5M NaCl/0.5M Tris · HC1, 3 分钟, 2X SSC/0.2MTris - HCl, 10分钟, 80°C真空干燥 2小时, 37°C保存待用。
(2) gDNA探针的制备
取 50~75ng gDNA加无菌水至 llml, 100°C煮沸变性 10分钟, 以下 列体系做随机引物标记反应:
2mMdNTP(dATP~) 3μ1
primer mixture 2μ1
Klenow酶 Ιμΐ
-32P-dATP 3μ1
点离混匀, 37°C浮浴 30分钟。 加 8μ1 stopmixture, 过 G-50柱纯化探针, 取 1/100测液闪值。
(3)杂交: 菌落点阵膜置于 2XSSC中浸泡 10分钟, 轻轻拭去膜表面 的菌落碎片, 65°C, 5ml杂交液预杂交, 30分钟以上。 根据液闪值, 按 1.2X106cpm/ml杂交液的量取探针液于 100°C煮沸变性 10分钟,加入 5ml 新鲜杂交液, 与菌落点阵膜 65 杂交 12小时以上。 按以下条件洗膜: 2XSSC/0.1% SDS, 室温 10分钟, 2XSSC/0.1% SDS, 65°C10分钟, 0.1XSSC/0.1% SDS, 65°C10分钟, -70°C放射自显影, 杂交信号无或弱 的初步认为是单拷贝。
(4)测序, Southern杂交鉴定: 在 B膜上相应位置挑取无杂交信号的 克隆, 小量扩增, 抽提质粒 DNA测序, 与 GenBank数据库比较, 无相 似性的为单拷贝。 最后 EcoRI酶切分离插入子 DNA, 并以随机引物法, 用 a -32P-dATP标记并与 EcoRI消化的 gDNA转移尼龙膜杂交, 方法同 上, 1条或 2条杂交带的为单拷贝。
1.3 BM及 D、 G组染色体短臂特异性 PAC克隆的获得及鉴定
(1)筛选人 PAC gDNA文库获得阳性克隆编号
利用 a -32P-dATP随机引物法标记 260bp的单拷贝探针 P8-7—G-50 柱(中等粒度) 纯化→4°C待用一PAC膜 7张用 2 X SSC浸泡 10分钟一 55°C预杂交 3小时→探针 100°C变性 10分钟一以 4.6 X 105cpm/ml的量 加入 50ml购买的杂交液中, 与 PAC膜于 65 °C杂交 1小时一洗膜: 2 X SSC, 室温 10分钟一次, 2 X SSC/0.1% SDS 65 °C 10分钟洗 2次―上 X 光片, -70°C放射自显影 12小时一冲洗 X光片一按说明书方法读取阳性 克隆编号。
(2)从 5个不同的板上随机挑选阳性克隆编号, 购买 PAC克隆。
1.4 PAC DNA与中期相细胞 FISH杂交, 证实来源于 D、 G组染色 体短臂, 如图 1所示。 '
上述实验方法参见《分子克隆实验指南》 J.萨姆布鲁克等,第 2版, 1989 冷泉港实验室出版。 (J. Sambrook et al Molecular Cloning . Second Edition. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. 1989)
2. 基因引导序列 DNA的获得
主要材料: β -agarose(Bio-Labs) Notl Agarose
① Not I酶切 PAC169质粒;
②通过 PFGE分离约 120Kb大小的插入子 DNA;
脉冲电泳条件: 电极缓冲液: 0.5 X TBE, High stregth Analytical Grade Agarose: (Bio-Rad, Low Melting point Agarose LMP) 1%、 Switch Time: 2 秒→15秒 电泳时间: 18小时, 电压: 6V/cm, 角度: 120。温度: 14°C
③电泳结束后, 用 EB染色(0.2 g/ml) 30分钟, 根据 Marker指示, 用无菌小刀片切下约 3.8kb(120kb)的条带。
④切下的胶块用 β -agarase处理, 乙醇沉淀。
实施例 2
本发明提供的基因载体 -FIX重组体, 即治疗血友病 B的基因药物的 制备: 1. 基因载体的构建及治疗基因的导入
1.1载体的构建
1.1.1用 Nsil和 Stul (平端酶)酶切 PAC DNA, 普通琼脂糖凝胶回 收 3.8kbDNA片段, 电洗脱纯化;
1.1.2用 Hindlll酶切 pGEM-TK载体 DNA, Klenow酶补平, 产生一 平头末端;
1.1.3 pGEM-TK/Hindlll补平产物进一步用 Nsil酶切;
1.1.4 3.8kb/NsiI+StuI纯化产物与 pGEM-TK/HK+Nsil酶切产物于 16°C 连接 17小时;
1.1.5连接产物转化 JM109感受态细菌, 氨苄皿 37°C培养 18小时;
1.1.6随机挑取单克隆, 用 Nsil及 N el双酶切鉴定阳性克隆。
1.1.7用 Xbal和 hel双酶切 PCDN-GPR质粒获得 Neo/Xbal+Nhel 1.1.8将 Neo/Xbal+Nhel与 pGEM-TK-3.8kb/NheI连接,构建成 pNS2 基因载体.
1.2 FIX的导入
1.2.1将 FIX (CDS)克隆至 pcDNA 3.1(-);
1.2.2设计引物 TPCF和 TPCR扩增 FIX基因及表达元件(CMV启 动子和 BGH poly A信号) , 使其两端装上 Avrll酶切位点;引物序列为:
TpcF: ATgCATCCTAggggAggTCgCTgAgTAgTg
Avrll
TpcR: TgCATgCCTAggTACCCCCTAgAgCCCAg
Avrll
1.2.3用 Avrll酶切 FIX基因及表达元件(CMV启动子和 BGH poly A 信号)并与 Nhel酶切的 pNS2载体连接。
1.2.4连接产物转化 JM109大肠杆菌,获得含载体 -FIX重组体的董旌
(保藏号为 CCTCC M200031)。
上述实验方法详见《分子克隆实验指南》 J.萨姆布鲁克等,第 2版, 1989 冷泉港实验室出版。 (J. Sambrook et al. Molecular Cloning . Second Edition. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. 1989)
2.基因载体 DNA的抽提
2.1 材料:
2.1.1QIAGE Plasmid Maxi Kit 2.1.2培养基: 液体 LB
Trypton 5g
Yeast extract 2.5g
Nacl 2.5g
ddH20 定量至 500ml
高压蒸汽灭菌
2.1.3氨苄青霉素 (Amp) : lOOmg/ml ( 1000 X )
2.2方法:
I) 挑取阳性单克隆至 3ml LB(Amp+) 37°C, 250rpm培养 1小时 2) 取 ΙΟΟμΙ上述初级培养物置 100ml LB (Amp+)中, 37°C, 250rpm 培养 16小时
3) 于 4°C, 6000g离心 15分钟收获细菌
4) 10ml Buffer PI重悬菌体
5) 加入 10ml Buffer P2, 轻柔地倒转 6次混匀, 室温 5分钟。
6) 加入 10ml冰上预冷 Buffer P3,轻柔倒转 6次混匀,冰上 20分钟。
7) 4°C, 20000g离心 30分钟。
8) 迅速将上清转移至另一 40ml高速离心管, 4°C, 20000xg再次离 心 15分钟
9) 10ml Buffer QBT平衡 QIGEN tip 500
10)将上清转移至 QIGAE tip 500过柱
I I) 2 X 30ml Buffer QC洗柱
12) 15ml Buffer QF洗脱, 收集洗脱液
13)洗脱液加 (0.7倍体积) 10.7ml异丙醇, 混匀
14) 15000g, 4°C,离心 30分钟
15)去上清, DNA沉淀加入 5ml 70%乙醇洗涤, 15000g, 4"C 离心 10 分钟.
16)去 70%乙醇, 空气中干燥 10分钟适量 TE溶解 DNA沉淀 所得到的基因载体 -FIX重组体已于 2000年 9月 29日向中国典型培 养物保藏中心提出保藏 (中国.武汉武汉大学校内,邮政编码: 430072), 其 保藏号是: CCTCC M200031 c 该保藏物的名称是: Escherichia coli
Figure imgf000011_0001
实施例 3 利用实施例 2得到的基因载体 -FIX重组体, 将 FIX治疗基因导入宿 主细胞, 并在宿主细胞中表达,导入的 HT1080细胞株已于 2000年 8月 18日向中国典型培养物保藏中心提出保藏 (中国 .武汉武汉大学校内 ,邮政 编码: 430072),其保藏号是: CCTCC C200005。 该保藏物的名称是:人纤 维肉瘤细胞系, 为人的转基因细胞。 保藏人对保藏物指定的分类命名为: 人纤维肉瘤细胞系 /JH-1/FIX。
1.材料:
1.1细胞: HT1080
培养基: 高糖 DMEM+10% FBS (HT1080) EMEM+10%FBS 1.2电穿孔仪: Bio-Rad公司
2.方法: '
1) 细胞于 75cm2培养瓶内传代后长至 70%~80%满底
2) 收获细胞, 用 HeBs缓冲液洗 2次, 计数细胞
3) 15000rpm, 4°C离心 10分钟
4) 适量 HeBS重悬, 使细胞浓度为 106~107/ml
5) 取 0.4ml电击杯, 每杯加细胞悬液 0.8ml, 载体 DNA lO g左右
6) 用电穿孔仪进行电击, 电击条件设定为电压 260V, 电容 550μΡ, 电击时间一般为 11〜13毫秒。
7) 电击细胞转入 75cm2培养瓶中, 加 14ml含双抗的培养基, 37°C, 5% C02中培养, 24〜48小时。
8) 培养基内加入终浓度 300μ1的 G418进行筛选, 2~3天换液一次, 换液时重新加 G418, 同时用正常细胞做对照
9) 约 7〜10天后正常细胞全部死亡, 计数转染细胞内存活克隆数, 改用维持量 G418 15 μ^πύ
10)转染细胞继续用终浓度为 500ng/ml的 GCV进行筛选
1 1) 7〜10天大部分克隆死亡,剩余存活细胞改用维持量 GCV 250μβ/ιη1 或不加经过筛的细胞长至 70〜80%满底后, 测定转移基因的表达活性。
3. 结果
利用该载体将 FIX基因用电穿孔的方法导入 HT1080细胞, 经正、 负筛选得到阳性细胞株, FISH证实为定点插入(图 3 ) 。
FIX活性由阴性对照的低于 0.1μδ/πι1升高到 4.27 g/ml, 而且转化后 144天表达量仍为 3.15 g/ml, 见表 1。 其表达产物通过 Western杂交证 实(图 4) 。
表 1 FIX活性测定: ( g/106细胞 /24小时)
转化后天数 克隆 F23
35天 4.27
72天 4.39
100天 4.6
111天 3.95
139天 4.0
144天 3.15
449天 3.56 安全性证明 一、 在人群中存在的安全性实例:
从 1973年申请人从事人类与医学细胞遗传学研究以来, 所发现和鉴 定的来自全国 189个实验室的 470位临床细胞遗传学工作者所申报的 732 种世界首报核型中, 有 41种核型涉及 D、 G组染色体短臂, 但不论易位 到 D、 G染色体短臂的片段来源于 1-22号哪一号染色体, 或源于同一号 染色体的片段长短各异, 所含基因从 1个到上千个, 而携带者本人的表 型都是正常的, 说明易位到 D、 G染色体短臂的基因能正常表达, 据此, 我们将 D、 G组染色体短臂作为基因治疗的靶位点应该是安全的。
1、 核型: 46, XX, t(l;12;22;15;ll;8) (lqter- lpll: :8p23→8pter; 12pter→ 12qll::lpll→ lpter; 22qter→ 22pll: :12qll→ 12qter; 15pter→ 15ql5: :22pll - 22pter; llpter - llq21 : : 15ql5→ 15qter ; 8qter→8p23:: llq21— llqter) ·
表型: 女, 28岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 吴素彬, 广东省广州市, 中山医科大学附一院妇产科细胞 遗传室, 邮政编码: 510080
2、 核型: 46, XY, t (1; 13) (lpter→ lq32:: 13pll→ 13pter; 13qter→ 13pll: :lq32→lqter).
表型: 女, 24岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 肖晟, 哈尔滨医科大学生物教研室, 邮政编码: 150086 3、核型: 46, XX, t(2;15) (2pter→cen→15qter; 2qter→cen→15pter) . 表型: 女, 26岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 郭裕萍等, 江西省南昌市, 江西省妇产科医院细胞遗传室, 邮政编码: 330006
4、核型: 46, XY, t(2;21) (2pter→cen- 21pter; 2qter→cen— 21qter) . 表型: 男, 32岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 康过秦等, 山西省太原市, 山西医学院附二院遗传研究室, 邮政编码: 030001
5、核型: 46, XY, t(3;22) (3qter→cen→22pter; 3pter→cen→22pter) . 表型: 男, 26岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 高永, 山东省滨州市医学院毒理室, 邮政编码: 256603
6、核型: 46, XY, t(3;22) (3pter→cen→22qter; 3qter→cen→22pter) . 表型: 男, 29岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 石化金等, 辽宁锦州市妇婴医院遗传室, 邮政编码: 121000 7、 核型: 46, XX, t(4;15) (4qter→4pl3:: 15pl3→15pter; 15qter— 15pl3: :4pl3→4pter).
表型: 女, 28岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 周玲等, 湖北省武汉市, 武汉市儿童医院遗传实验室, 邮 政编码: 430016
8、 核型: 6, XY, t(4;21) (4qter→4pl5::21pll— 21pter;21qter— 21pll: :4pl5→4pter).
表型: 男, 25岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 徐竞芳等, 上海市第六人民医院遗传室, 邮政编码: 200000
9、 核型: 46, XY, t (4; 14) (4pt er→ 4q31:: 14pl 1→ 14pter; 14qter→ 14pll: :4q31→4qter).
表型: 男, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 周明君等, 河志省许昌市中心医院, 邮政编码: 161000
10、 核型: 46, XY, t(4;14) (4pter→4q35: :14pll→14pter; 14qter→ 14pll: :4q35→4qter).
表型: 男, 27岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 张秀泉等, 广东省佛山市, 佛山市妇幼保健院, 邮政编码: 528000
11、 核型: 46, XX, ΐ (5; 22) (5pt er - 5ql3: : 22pl 1→ 22pt er; 22qt er→ 22pll : : 5ql3→5qter) .
表型: 女, 32岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 曹建萍,河南安阳市妇幼保健院遗传室, 邮政编码: 455000
12、 核型: 46, XY, t (6 ; 22) (6pter- cen6→22qter; 6qter→cen22→ 22pter)
表型: 男, 25岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 祝新霞等, 山东省泰安市, 山东泰安第 88 医院妇产科细 胞遗传室, 邮政编码: 271000
13、 核型: 46 , XY, t (6; 22) (6qter→6p21:: 22pl 1. 2→22pter; 22qter →22pll. 2 : : 6p21— 6pter) .
表型: 男, 33岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 杨兰青, 山东省滨州市滨州医学院附属医院妇产科, 邮政 编码: 256603 14、 核型: 45, XX, t (7; 21) (7qter→7p22:: 21pl2→21qter) .
表型: 女, 23岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 孙吉庆等, 湖北省武汉市, 湖北省武汉市儿童医院医学遗 传实验室, 邮政编码: 430016 15、 核型: 46, XY/46, XY, t (7; 14) (7pter→ 7ql 1:: 14pl 1→ 14pter; 14qter→14pll : : 7qll→7qter)
表型: 男, 28岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 李麓芸、 夏家辉等, 湖南省长沙市, 湖南医科大学医学遗 传学研究室, 邮政编码: 410078
16、 核型: 46, XY, t (8; 14) (8qter→8p21:: 14pl2- 14pter; 14qter→ 14pl2 : : 8p21→8pter)
表型: 男, 27岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 石化金等, 辽宁锦州市妇婴医院遗传室, 邮政编码: 121000
17、核型: 46, XY, t (9 ; 14) (9pter→cen→14pter; 9qter→cen→14qter) 表型: 男, 28岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 程秋云等, 衡阳医学院附一生殖医学研究室, 邮政编码: 421001 18、 核型: 46, XX, t(9;22) (9pter- 9pl3: :22pl2→22pter ; 22qter→ 22pl2:: 9pl3→9pter) mat
表型: 女, 31 岁, 其母、 1妹、 1弟、 1子具有相同核型, 同为表型正 常的携带者
资料提供者: 李麓芸, 夏家辉等, 湖南医科大学医学遗传学研究室, 邮 政编码: 410078
19、 核型: 46, XX, t(9;14) (9pter^9ql2:: 14pl2→14pter; 14qter→ 14pl2: :9ql2→9qter)
表型: 女, 32岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 孙艳阳等, 黑龙江省哈尔滨市, 哈尔滨医科大学生物教研 室, 邮政编码: 150086 20、 核型: 46, XX, t(9;15) (9pter→9q21:: 15pl2→15pter; 15qter— 15pl2: :9q21— 9qter)mat.
表型: 女, 36岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 朱桂珍等, 山东省泰安市, 山东泰安第 88 医院妇产科细 胞遗传室, 邮政编码: 271000
21、 核型: 46, XX, t(10;13) (10pter→10q24:: 13pll→13pter; 13qter →13pll::10q24→10qter).
表型: 女, 28岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 严敦清, 青岛医学院附属医院妇产科研究室, 邮政编码: 266003
22、 核型: 46, XX, t(10;13) (10pter→10q24:: 13pl2→13pter; 13qter →13pl2: :10q24→10qter).
表型: 女, 29岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 张影如等, 广东省广州市, 中山医科大学附一院神经科, 邮政编码: 510080
23、 核型: 46, XX, t(ll;14) (llpter→cen→ 14pter; llqter→cen→ 14qter)
表型: 女, 2岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 王志勇, 河南省柘城县, 柘城县人民医院遗传室, 邮政编 码: 476200
24、 核型: 46, XX, t(ll;21) (llpter-llpll: :21pll-21pter; 21qter →21pll::llpll— llpter).
表型: 女, 26岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 郑军等, 陕西省西安市, 陕西省妇幼保健院医学遗传实验 室, 邮政编码: 710003
25、 核型: 46, XY, t (11; 15) (llpter→llql3:: 15pl2-15pter; 15qter →15pl2::llql3— llqter)
表型: 男, 23岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 杨瑞芳等, 山东医科大学附属医院围产医学中心, 邮政编 码: 250012
26、 核型: 46, XX, t(12;14) (12pter→cen→14pter; 12qter→cen— 14qter) ,
表型: 女, 28岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 韩维田等, 辽宁省计划生育科研所优生研究室, 邮政编码: 110031
27、核型: 46, XX, t(13;16) (13qter→13pll: :16pll.2→16pter; 16qter — 16pll.2:: 13pll→13pter).
表型: 女, 27岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 安松兰, 辽宁省大连市, 大连市妇产医院遗传室, 邮政编 码: 110078
28、 核型: 46, XY/45, XY, t (13; 13) (13qter→13pl2:: 13pl2→13qter) . 表型: 男, 39岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 李麓芸、 夏家辉等, 湖南省长沙市, 湖南医科大学医学遗 传学研究室, 邮政编码: 410078
29、 核型: 46, XY, t(14;18) (14pter→cen- 18pter; 14qter→cen→ 18qter)
表型: 男, 30岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 王素桂等, 北京市计划生育技术指导所, 邮政编码: 100006
30、 核型: 46, XX, t(14;15) (14pter→14ql3: :15pl3→15pter; 15qter — 15pl3::14ql3→14qter)
表型: 女, 28岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 李麓芸, 夏家辉等, 湖南省长沙市, 湖南医科大学医学遗 传学研究室, 邮政编码: 410078 31、 核型: 45, XX, t(15qter- cen→22qter).
表型: 女, 27岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 夏家辉等, 湖南医科大学医学遗传学国家重点实验室, 邮 政编码: 410078
32、 核型: 46, XY, t(15;18) (15pter→cen→18pter; 15qter→cen→ 18qter) .
表型: 男, 30岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者:任国庆等, 北京市计划生育技术指导所, 邮政编码: 100006
33、核型:46, XX, t(15;20) (15pter→cen→2pter; 15qter→cen→2qter) 表型: 女, 26岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 王新等, 湖南医科大学附二医院妇产科遗传室, 邮政编码: 410011
34、 核型: 46, XX, t(15;22) (15pter→15qll: :22pl3^22pter ;22qter — 22pl3: :15qll— 15qter)。
表型: 女, 27岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: '符生苗, 海南省海口市, 海南省人民医院遗传室, 邮政编 码: 570011
35、 核型: 46, XX, t (15; 22) (I5pter→15q22:: 22pl l→22pter; 22qter →22pll: :15q22→qter)
表型: 女, 29岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 李牧尧等, 新疆乌鲁木齐, 新疆医学院医学遗传室, 邮政 编码: 830054
36、 核型: 46, XY, t (16; 21) (16pter- 16q21:: 21pll→21pter; 21qter →21pll::16ql2→16qter).
表型: 男, 29岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 张惠芳等, 广东省计划生育科学技术研究所, 邮政编码: 510080
37、 核型: 46, XX, t(18;21) (18qter→cen— 21qter; 18pter— cen— 21pter)
表型: 女, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 石化金等,辽宁锦州市妇婴医院遗传室, 邮政编码: 121000
38、 核型: 46, XX, t(18;21) (18pter→18qll: :21pl2→21pter; 21qter — 21pl2 : : 18qll→18qter)
表型: 女, 26岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 李修林等, 辽宁省沈阳市, 中国医科大学附一院小儿科遗 传室, 邮政编码: 110001
39、 核型: 45, X, die (Y; 13) (Ypter→Yql200 :: 13pll→cen→13qter) 表型: 男, 4岁, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 夏家辉等, 湖南医科大学医学遗传学国家重点实验室, 邮 政编码: 410078
40、 核型: 46, XY, t (Y ; 15) (15qter→15pl2 :: Yql2→Ypter) pat.
表型: 男, 新生儿, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 夏家辉等, 湖南医科大学医学遗传学国家重点实验室, 邮 政编码: 410078
41、核型:45, X, psu dic (Y; 22) (Ypter→Yql209:: 22pl2→cen— 22qter) 表型: 男, 为表型正常的携带者
资料提供者: 刘希贤等, 湖北武汉同济医科大学医学遗传学研究室, 邮 政编码: 430030
上述实例说明在核仁组织区不但可接受外源基因, 而且能让外源基 因正常表达。 这也证明了本发明提供的基因药物治疗血友病 B 的可行 性。
本发明基因药物的急性毒性研究
(一)、 实验目的
研究本发明提供的基因药物一次静脉给药所产生的急性毒性反应和 死亡情况。
(二)、 实验材料
( 1 )、 动物
昆明种小鼠 (η=40) , 体重 20. 4± 1. lg, 雌雄各半。 所有实验动物 和词料均由中南大学湘雅医学院实验动物中心提供。 该种小鼠具有湖南 省医学实验动物管理委员会颁发的医学实验动物合格证书。
( 2)、 药物
本发明提供的基因药物。 实验前将其用无菌水配制成 11. 25ug/ml浓 度的注射液。
(三)、 实验方法 预试验: 实验小白鼠 10只, 雌雄各半均从尾静脉注射本发明提供的 基因药物。 预备实验用人的剂量 100倍即 450ug/kg,未发现毒性反应。
正式试验: 根据基因治疗药物的特点, 就用预试验用的剂量进行正 式试验。 试验分为二个组, 即给药组和空白对照组。 试验组用本发明提 供的基因药物, 剂量为 450ug / kg (按体重计算, 相当成人临床日用量的 100倍)。 对照组用等量蒸馏水尾静脉注射 (0. 4ml 1 10g I次)。 两组实 验给药后均立即观察动物对药物的反应, 连续观察 14天, 记录动物大 小便及一般活动情况和死亡数, 第 14天时, 全部小鼠解剖观察胸腔腹 腔的情况。
(四)、 实验结果
小鼠急性毒性实验: 对照组小鼠 (n二 20)连续观察 14天, 未发现异 常活动及动物死亡。 本发明提供的基因药物处理小鼠 (n = 20)两次给药 后 30分钟内均出现倦卧, 少动, 以后恢复正常。 连续观察 14天, 动物 的摄食, 大小便及一般活动情况未见异常, 也未见动物死亡, 活检, 实 验组与对照组无明显异常和差异。 结果见表 2。
表 2 人源基因载体 FIX急性毒性实验结果 组 别 n 浓度 静脉注射 相当临 死亡 一般情况 床用量 只数
(ml / 10g I次) 倍数
20 0. 4
20 11. 25ug/ml 0. 4 (五)、 实验小结
小鼠人源基因载体 FIX静脉给药剂量达到按体重计算为成人日一次 静脉剂量的 100倍, 不引起死亡, 表明它的急性毒性甚小, 静脉给药安 全, 可以提供临床应用。

Claims

杈利 要 求
1、 治疗血友病 B 的基因药物, 含有以人类 D、 G组染色体短臂上' 无重要生理功能相关基因的 DNA序列或与该 DNA序列具有同源性的 DNA序列作为治疗基因的引导序列所构建的基因载体 -FIX重组体。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的治疗血友病 B的基因药物, 其特征在于所 述的载体- FK重组体具有序列表 1表示的 DNA序列, FIX治疗基因的插 入位点为 5910位。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的基因药物, 其特征在于所述的基因药 物中包含有人离体细胞, 该离体细胞中有权利要求 1或 2所述的基因载 体 -FIX重组体。
4、 制备权利要求 1所述的治疗血友病 B的基因药物的方法, 其特 征在于包括下列步骤:
( 1 ) 以人类 D、 G组染色体短臂上无重要生理功能相关基因的 DNA 序列或与该 DNA序列具有同源性的 DNA序列作为治疗基因的引导序 列, 构建基因载体;
(2)将 FIX治疗基因装入上述基因载体, 得到载体 -FIX重组体。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的治疗血友病 B的基因药物的方法, 其特 征在于:
( 1 ) 治疗基因引导序列选自人类 D、 G组染色体短臂上无重要生 理功能相关基因的 DNA序列, 其长度为 3. 8Kb, 利用 TK做为负筛选基 因, 将正筛选基因 Neo基因插入治疗基因引导序列中的 1500位, 使其 分为 1.5kb和 2.3kb两臂, 构建成基因载体;
(2) FIX治疗基因的插入位点为 5910位。
6、 根据权利要求 4或 5所述治疗血友病 B的基因药物的方法, 其 特征在于将所得到的载体 -FIX重组体装入人离体细胞中。
PCT/CN2001/001291 2000-08-30 2001-08-29 Nouvel agent de therapie genique permettant de traiter l'hemophilie b et son procede de preparation WO2002034296A1 (fr)

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AT01988597T ATE453401T1 (de) 2000-08-30 2001-08-29 Neuer gentherapeutischer wirkstoff zur behandlung von hämophilie b und methode für dessen herstellung
EP01988597A EP1316319B1 (en) 2000-08-30 2001-08-29 A novel gene therapy agent for haemophilia b and its preparation method
JP2002537347A JP2004512313A (ja) 2000-08-30 2001-08-29 血友病bを治療する遺伝子薬及びその調剤する方法
DE60140950T DE60140950D1 (de) 2000-08-30 2001-08-29 Neuer gentherapeutischer wirkstoff zur behandlung g
AU2002223402A AU2002223402A1 (en) 2000-08-30 2001-08-29 A novel gene therapy agent for haemophilia b and its preparation method
US10/362,916 US7361639B2 (en) 2000-08-30 2001-08-29 Gene therapy agent for Haemophilia B and its preparation method

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CNB011028300A CN1148228C (zh) 2000-08-30 2001-01-19 治疗血友病b的基因药物及其制备方法
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KR20160135729A (ko) 2014-03-21 2016-11-28 더 보드 어브 트러스티스 어브 더 리랜드 스탠포드 주니어 유니버시티 뉴클레아제 없는 게놈 편집
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US11344608B2 (en) 2014-11-12 2022-05-31 Ucl Business Ltd Factor IX gene therapy
US10842885B2 (en) 2018-08-20 2020-11-24 Ucl Business Ltd Factor IX encoding nucleotides
US11517631B2 (en) 2018-08-20 2022-12-06 Ucl Business Ltd Factor IX encoding nucleotides

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ATE453401T1 (de) 2010-01-15
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