WO2002022271A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum zerkleinern von partikeln - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zum zerkleinern von partikeln Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002022271A1 WO2002022271A1 PCT/EP2001/010119 EP0110119W WO0222271A1 WO 2002022271 A1 WO2002022271 A1 WO 2002022271A1 EP 0110119 W EP0110119 W EP 0110119W WO 0222271 A1 WO0222271 A1 WO 0222271A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- tube
- baffle plate
- openings
- chamber
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/06—Jet mills
- B02C19/066—Jet mills of the jet-anvil type
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for crushing particles.
- Such a direction is known from SU 457486.
- This direction has a vertical tube in a cylindrical chamber.
- the tube runs in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the chamber, which is closed at the top with a baffle plate.
- the tube has an outlet opening on its upper side, which lies opposite the baffle plate at a predetermined distance.
- the side wall of the chamber has openings below the baffle plate.
- Particles to be comminuted are collected in the tube and form a plug with a predetermined fill level in the tube.
- the plug is accelerated explosively by means of a pressure pulse unit and shot out of the tube against the baffle plate.
- very high shear forces arise, which lead to a particle size reduction.
- Due to the overpressure generated in the pressure pulse unit finely ground particles are increasingly transported to the edge areas of the chamber and led out of the chamber via the openings in the side walls. Coarser particles, on the other hand, fall back into the chamber and are fed to the pipe again.
- a particular disadvantage is that when the baffle plate is bombarded with the plugs, there is only an undesirably incomplete and non-reproducible separation of fine and coarse particles.
- the object of the invention is to enable comminution of preferably hard particles with the least possible design effort, the particle sizes of the comminuted particles being predeterminable as precisely as possible.
- the device according to the invention has at least one tube for collecting a predetermined amount of particles, the particles forming a plug in the tube. Furthermore, the device has at least one pressure pulse unit for generating pressure pulses, wherein the graft is acted upon by a pressure pulse via an outlet opening of the tube against a baffle plate arranged downstream of the tube and having breakthroughs. Furthermore, the device has a collecting chamber adjoining the baffle plate, in which the particles comminuted by the recoil on the baffle plate and penetrating the openings are collected.
- the basic idea of the invention is therefore to comminute particles stored in the form of a plug in a tube, to shoot these plugs against a baffle plate with openings.
- the shear forces exerted by the impact on the particles lead to a size reduction of the particles, the particles typically being obtained from original particle sizes of 10 mm to particles with sizes of one or a few ⁇ m.
- the particles with small grain sizes and therefore low weight are transported through the openings and reach the collecting chamber.
- the heavier particles do not penetrate the perforations and are preferably returned to the tube to form a new plug.
- the grain sizes and grain size distributions of the comminuted particles collected in the collecting space can be specified by a suitable choice of the diameter of the tube, the size and shape of the openings in the baffle plate and / or the size of the collecting chamber.
- the baffle plate is installed interchangeably.
- the grain size distribution of the comminuted particles collected in the collecting chamber can thus be varied by changing different baffle plates with different openings.
- the volume of the collecting chamber is adjustable, so that the particle size distribution of the comminuted particles collected in the collecting chamber can also be varied thereby.
- a major advantage of the device according to the invention is that the sizes of the openings in the baffle plate are dimensioned such that they perform a sifter function. This means that the crushed particles transported through the openings remain in the collecting chamber and are not transported back to the pipe through the openings. Due to the inventive design of the baffle plate and the collecting chamber arranged behind it, the comminuted particles with the desired particle sizes are thus collected in the collecting chamber with a high degree of efficiency and separated from heavier particles. At least one removal opening is preferably provided in the collecting chamber, via which the comminuted particles can be removed from the collecting chamber.
- the device according to the invention has almost no moving parts and that the only part subject to wear is formed by the baffle plate, which can be replaced in a simple manner. Therefore, the device has a compact, robust and maintenance-friendly structure, which causes only low investment and maintenance costs. In addition, the comminution of the particles can be carried out with a low energy requirement, so that the operating costs of the device according to the invention are correspondingly low. Since the device has almost no moving parts and also preferably has a closed structure, this does not pose any danger to the operating personnel and is therefore harmless with regard to the provisions of occupational safety.
- a significant advantage of the device according to the invention is that it enables various types of materials, in particular also hard materials, to be shredded efficiently and reliably without any special requirements being placed on the baffle plate, which is preferably made of steel.
- the device according to the invention is particularly suitable for comminuting hard materials with Mohs degrees of hardness in the range from 7 to 10.
- nitrides such as TiN, ZrN, HfN, TaN and BN 3 can be comminuted with the device according to the invention.
- Carbides such as TiC, ZrC, HfC, TaC, WC, W 2 C and Tao- 8 Hf 0 - 2 C can also be crushed.
- oxides such as Al 2 O 3 as well as borides and silicides can be crushed.
- the crushing of hard metals such as WC-Co from grain sizes of approximately 5 mm to grain sizes smaller than 10 ⁇ m is possible, whereby such particles could previously only be comminuted in wet grinding processes.
- the device according to the invention can be used in the field of powder metallurgy, for example in the glazing of radioactive waste, the production of nitrite in a nitrogen atmosphere or the activation of solid-state reactions, with the method according to the invention in particular being able to obtain silicon carbide directly from the elements.
- organic substances such as nut shells or bones, which are required for the production of gelatin, can also be comminuted with the device according to the invention.
- the device in particular its comminuting chamber, can be sheathed with a cooling jacket.
- the soft particles to be comminuted are supplied with dry ice granules, that is, frozen CO 2, for their embrittlement, so that they can be comminuted by means of the device according to the invention without any additional measures.
- dry ice granules that is, frozen CO 2
- at least one opening is preferably provided in the device, via which the dry ice granulate is introduced into the interior in which the particles are collected.
- dry ice granules are cheaper to manufacture and easier to handle than liquid nitrogen.
- dry ice granules are formed in the form of sharp-edged, small crystals, which have an abrasive effect and, in particular when a plug is fired against the baffle plate, cuts and thus crushes other particles.
- the dosage of the dry ice mulch feed can be selected appropriately. This makes it easy to adjust the amount of cooling required to embrittle the particles.
- Another advantage of using dry ice granules for embrittling the particles is that the dry ice granules are largely inert and do not react with the particles to be embrittled.
- the dry ice granulate escapes almost completely as gaseous CO 2 after heating and thus leaves no residue in the particles. It is also advantageous that the evaporation of the dry ice granules loosens the collected particles, thereby increasing their flowability.
- the dry ice granulate improves the rheological properties of the particles, that is, their flowability, thereby promoting the processes in the device.
- soft particles such as rubber, polymers and polyamides can be crushed.
- polycaprolactam can be comminuted as a polyamide. Shredding of polyvinyl chloride is also possible.
- Figure 1 Longitudinal section through a first embodiment of the device according to the invention.
- Figure 2 longitudinal section through a second exemplary embodiment of the device according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention for comminuting particles 2.
- the device 1 has a hollow-cylindrical comminution chamber 3 and a likewise hollow-cylindrical opening chamber 4.
- the crushing chamber 3 and the collecting chamber 4 have the same diameter and are arranged coaxially along a vertically running axis of symmetry.
- the collecting chamber 4 connects with its open underside to the likewise open top of the comminution chamber 3.
- the comminution chamber 3 and the collecting chamber 4 each have an annular flange 5, 5 'at their open ends facing them.
- a circular disk-shaped baffle plate 6, preferably made of steel, is mounted between the ring flanges 5, 5 '.
- the baffle plate 6 has a predetermined number of openings 7. In the present exemplary embodiment, the openings 7 are designed as round bores.
- the baffle plate 6 can be easily mounted on the device 1 on the ring flanges 5, 5 '.
- the baffle plate 6 can be replaced without great assembly effort and can be replaced by other baffle plates 6, which can have different arrangements of openings 7.
- the openings 7 can not only have the shape of round bores, but can also be designed as square bores. A design of the openings 7 in the form of annular gaps or the like is also possible.
- the tubes 8, 8 ′ run close to one another in the center of the comminution chamber 3 and open out at the bottom 9 thereof.
- the outlet openings of the tubes 8, 8 'at their upper ends face the baffle plate 6 at a predetermined distance.
- An opening 10 is provided in the side wall of the decomposition chamber 3.
- the interior of the comminution chamber 3 is filled with the particles 2 to be comminuted up to a certain filling level via this opening 10.
- a further opening 10a is provided in the side wall of the comminution chamber 3, through which dry ice granules can be introduced.
- the dry ice granules are then introduced through the opening 10a when the direction 1 soft particles 2 such as rubber or polymers are to be crushed.
- both components are mixed efficiently.
- the mixing is further promoted by the particle flow inside the device 1 during the comminution process.
- the particles 2 to be comminuted are embrittled so that they can subsequently be comminuted.
- the dry ice granules are introduced into the opening 10a via a metering unit, not shown, so that the amount of dry ice granules required for embrittlement of the particles 2 can be set precisely.
- the particles and the dry ice granulate can also be introduced into the comminution chamber 3 via a common opening 10. Since the CO 2 released when the dry ice granules are evaporated represents a safety risk in the form of suffocation for the operating personnel, the device mentioned and its entrances and exits are sealed gas-tight. Furthermore, in particular at points of the device 1 at which a gas leak cannot be completely ruled out, gas warning devices (not shown) are provided which emit alarm signals in the event of excessive CO 2 concentrations.
- Two feed pipes 11, 1 P open out at the bottom 9 of the comminution chamber 3.
- the upper sections of the feed pipes 11, 11 ' run parallel to the sections of the pipes 8, 8' which protrude beyond the inlet chamber 3.
- the feed pipes 11, 11 ' are curved at their lower ends and run towards the pipes 8, 8'.
- a feed pipe 11, 1 P opens into one of the pipes 8, 8 '.
- a portion of the particles 2 is introduced from the comminution chamber 3 via the feed pipes 11, 1 P into the lower ends of the pipes 8, 8', so that these NEN stopper 12 form a certain level.
- such a plug 12 is located at the lower end of the right tube 8 '.
- a pressure pulse unit 13, 13 'with a valve 14, 14' connects to the lower ends of the tubes 8, 8 '.
- the plug 12 Via the pressure pulse unit 13, 13 ', the plug 12 can be subjected to a pressure pulse of a predetermined height and duration at the lower end.
- gas with a predetermined gas pressure is present at the valve 14, 14 '.
- the gas is preferably formed by air.
- an inert gas, a rryogen gas or hot gas can be used.
- the height of a pressure pulse is in the range between 5 bar and 10 bar. With such pressure pulses, flight speeds of the plugs 12 in the range between 70 m / s and 100 m / s are achieved.
- valve 14 'of the pressure pulse unit 13' adjoining the right tube 8 ' is closed, so that the stopper 12 lies in its rest position on the bottom 9 of the tube 8'.
- the plug 12 in the left tube 8 is shot upwards by opening the valve 14, the corresponding pressure pulse unit 13. 1 shows a snapshot in which the plug 12 is located at the upper end of the tube 8 shortly before the outlet opening.
- the plug 12 After exiting the respective pipe 8, 8 ′, the plug 12 strikes the baffle plate 6, the direction of flight running perpendicular to the surface of the baffle plate 6 in the present exemplary embodiment.
- the duration of the pressure pulse is chosen to be less than the transit time of the plug 12 in the respective tube 8, 8 '.
- the plug 12 on the flight path between the outlet opening of the tube 8 8 'and the Baffle plate 6 no longer acted on by the pressure pulse.
- dry ice granules In the event that dry ice granules are mixed with the particles to embrittle them, the dry ice granules support the shredding process due to their sharp-edged crystalline structure.
- the dry ice granulate has an abrasive behavior and, with its sharp-edged structures, cuts particles 2 around it.
- no openings 7 are provided on the impact surface of the particles 2 on the baffle plate 6, so that no particles 2 are shot directly through the openings 7 into the collecting chamber 4.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows the particles 2 reflected and comminuted on the baffle plate 6, which form a dust cloud 15.
- the pressure pulse creates an overpressure on the front side of the baffle plate 6, so that the comminuted particles 2 are transported through the openings 7 into the collecting chamber 4. Only the particles 2 up to a predetermined grain size are transported through the openings 7 and collected in the collecting chamber 4 behind them, while larger particles 2 fall back into the interior of the ZerMeinerang chamber 3 due to their greater weight and again to form further plugs 12 in the tubes 8, 8 'are supplied.
- the device 1 according to the invention is used to comminute particles 2 with particle sizes of approximately 10 mm feed size up to target grain sizes of approximately 1 ⁇ m.
- the grain sizes and grain size distributions of the comminuted particles 2 collected in the collecting chamber 4 can be predetermined by suitable dimensioning of the diameters of the tubes 8, 8 ′, the number and sizes of the openings 7 of the baffle plate 6 and the volume of the collecting chamber 4.
- the number and sizes of the openings 7 can be varied in a simple manner by changing different baffle plates 6.
- the size of the collecting chamber 4 can also be varied particularly advantageously.
- height-adjustable corrugated compensators, stuffing boxes, sliding sleeves or the like can be provided, which are not shown in the drawings.
- the grain size distribution of the comminuted particles collected in the collecting chamber 4 is sharper the greater the volume of the collecting chamber 4.
- a removal opening 16 is provided on the side wall of the collecting chamber 4. The crushed particles 2 can be removed at predetermined times via this removal opening 16.
- the pressure pulse units 13, 13 'are preferably controlled alternately, so that a plug 12 is alternately shot from the left or right tube 8 or 8' against the baffle plate 6.
- the cycles within which the tubes 8, 8 'are filled with the individual plugs 12 lie in the seconds or even in the millisecond range, so that the clock rate of the pressure pulses can be chosen to be correspondingly high. In this way, the individual plugs 12 are shot against the baffle plate 6 in rapid succession, so that the device 1 according to the invention achieves a quasi-continuous comminution process and a correspondingly high throughput.
- the corresponding pipe 8, 8' is again filled with particles 2 via the respective feed pipe 11, I to form a new plug 12.
- the shock generated when a plug 12 is fired causes the particles 2 to be shaken in the comminution chamber 3 and thus increasingly to be fed to the feed pipe 11, IP, which supports the reloading of the pipe 8, 8 'with a plug 12.
- This loading function is further increased by the overpressure prevailing when the plug 12 strikes the baffle plate 6 in the upper region of the comminution chamber 3.
- hard materials with Mohs degrees of hardness preferably in the range between 7 and 10, can be efficiently shredded with the device 1 according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention.
- the structure of the device 1 shown there corresponds almost completely to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1.
- the device 1 according to FIG. 2 has two openings 10, 10 'on the side wall of the comminution chamber 3, at which filler neck 17, 17' for filling the interior of the comminution chamber 3 with the particles 2 ,
- feed outlets 18, 18' which run inclined to the tubes 8, 8 ', open out.
- the valves 14, 14 'of the pressure pulse units 13, 13', which are not shown separately, are arranged in these supply ports 18, 18 '.
- the longitudinal axes of the feed pipes 8, 8 ' can run in a horizontal plane oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the device 1 or, as shown in FIG. 2, at an angle of inclination, which is preferably at most 20 °, inclined to this plane.
- the collecting chamber 4 has two removal openings 16, 16 'arranged opposite one another, a connection piece 19, 19' opening out at each removal opening 16 or 16 '.
- the comminution chamber 3 has an upper part 20, the cross section of which is slightly smaller than the cross section of the lower part 21 of the comminution chamber 3.
- the upper and lower parts 20, 21 can also be formed in two parts. At the adjacent open ends of the upper part 20 of the crushing chamber 3 and the collecting chamber 4 is the
- Flapper 6 releasably attached so that it can be replaced if necessary.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/380,348 US20040124293A1 (en) | 2000-09-13 | 2001-09-03 | Method and device for comminuting particles |
MXPA03002153A MXPA03002153A (es) | 2000-09-13 | 2001-09-03 | Procedimiento y dispositivo para triturar particulas. |
AU2002210480A AU2002210480A1 (en) | 2000-09-13 | 2001-09-03 | Method and device for comminuting particles |
EP01978332A EP1337340B1 (de) | 2000-09-13 | 2001-09-03 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum zerkleinern von partikeln |
US11/267,246 US7086619B2 (en) | 2000-09-13 | 2005-11-07 | Method and device for comminuting particles |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10045172.1 | 2000-09-13 | ||
DE2000145172 DE10045172B4 (de) | 2000-09-13 | 2000-09-13 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von Partikeln |
DE10135106.2 | 2001-07-19 | ||
DE10135106A DE10135106B4 (de) | 2000-09-13 | 2001-07-19 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von Partikeln |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10380348 A-371-Of-International | 2001-09-03 | ||
US11/267,246 Division US7086619B2 (en) | 2000-09-13 | 2005-11-07 | Method and device for comminuting particles |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002022271A1 true WO2002022271A1 (de) | 2002-03-21 |
Family
ID=26007037
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2001/010119 WO2002022271A1 (de) | 2000-09-13 | 2001-09-03 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum zerkleinern von partikeln |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20040124293A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1337340B1 (de) |
KR (1) | KR100554568B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE381385T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2002210480A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE10135106B4 (de) |
MX (1) | MXPA03002153A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002022271A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008515613A (ja) * | 2004-09-22 | 2008-05-15 | パルサー ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング マイクロナイジング システムズ | 顔料および製薬学的な作用物質を機械的に加工するための方法 |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101013008B1 (ko) * | 2008-08-27 | 2011-02-10 | 한국건설기술연구원 | 교량 배수장치 및 그 시공방법 |
FI122446B (fi) * | 2010-11-24 | 2012-01-31 | Kari Viherlahti | Menetelmä suolapölyn tuottamiseksi ja suolapölygeneraattori |
CN113955221A (zh) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-01-21 | 安徽金寨仙芝灵生物科技有限公司 | 一种灵芝孢子粉原料储存方法 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU457486A2 (ru) | 1973-07-04 | 1975-01-25 | Научно-Исследовательский Институт Прикладной Математики И Механики При Томском Государственном Университете Им.Куйбышева | Устройство дл измельчени твердых материалов |
US5839670A (en) * | 1991-07-16 | 1998-11-24 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Pneumatic impact pulverizer, fine powder production apparatus, and toner production process |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2665850A (en) * | 1950-07-25 | 1954-01-12 | Sol B Wiczer | Comminuted product and method of grinding |
US2945633A (en) * | 1955-12-19 | 1960-07-19 | Microcyclomat Co | Integrated dry material reducing and classifying means |
US3897010A (en) * | 1971-07-02 | 1975-07-29 | Linde Ag | Method of and apparatus for the milling of granular materials |
SU417165A1 (de) | 1972-05-30 | 1974-02-28 | ||
US5447275A (en) * | 1993-01-29 | 1995-09-05 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Toner production process |
US5368735A (en) * | 1993-03-08 | 1994-11-29 | Claude Laval Corporation | Liquid/solid separator with a conduit between a vortex and a quiescent collector zone |
JPH1094758A (ja) * | 1996-09-25 | 1998-04-14 | Minolta Co Ltd | 気流式分級機およびこれを用いた電子写真用トナーの製造方法 |
US5934575A (en) * | 1996-12-27 | 1999-08-10 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Pneumatic impact pulverizer and process for producing toner |
-
2001
- 2001-07-19 DE DE10135106A patent/DE10135106B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-09-03 KR KR1020027006115A patent/KR100554568B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-09-03 US US10/380,348 patent/US20040124293A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-09-03 WO PCT/EP2001/010119 patent/WO2002022271A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2001-09-03 MX MXPA03002153A patent/MXPA03002153A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2001-09-03 AT AT01978332T patent/ATE381385T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-09-03 AU AU2002210480A patent/AU2002210480A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-09-03 EP EP01978332A patent/EP1337340B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-11-07 US US11/267,246 patent/US7086619B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU457486A2 (ru) | 1973-07-04 | 1975-01-25 | Научно-Исследовательский Институт Прикладной Математики И Механики При Томском Государственном Университете Им.Куйбышева | Устройство дл измельчени твердых материалов |
US5839670A (en) * | 1991-07-16 | 1998-11-24 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Pneumatic impact pulverizer, fine powder production apparatus, and toner production process |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 197549, Derwent World Patents Index; Class J02, AN 1975-81014W, XP002187410 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008515613A (ja) * | 2004-09-22 | 2008-05-15 | パルサー ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング マイクロナイジング システムズ | 顔料および製薬学的な作用物質を機械的に加工するための方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MXPA03002153A (es) | 2004-12-13 |
US20060054723A1 (en) | 2006-03-16 |
KR100554568B1 (ko) | 2006-03-03 |
EP1337340A1 (de) | 2003-08-27 |
DE10135106A1 (de) | 2003-02-06 |
ATE381385T1 (de) | 2008-01-15 |
AU2002210480A1 (en) | 2002-03-26 |
US20040124293A1 (en) | 2004-07-01 |
EP1337340B1 (de) | 2007-12-19 |
KR20020062740A (ko) | 2002-07-29 |
DE10135106B4 (de) | 2005-11-17 |
US7086619B2 (en) | 2006-08-08 |
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