WO2002008554A1

WO2002008554A1 - Adjustable damping element and method for adjustment thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2002008554A1
Application number: PCT/DE2001/002673
Authority: WO
Inventors: Klaus Waschkewitz; Wolfgang Rasel; Georg Wessollek; Heribert Netzer; Ursula Kautz; Heiko Niessner; Burkhard Wirth
Original assignee: Adam Opel Ag; Veritas Ag
Priority date: 2000-07-20
Filing date: 2001-07-17
Publication date: 2002-01-31
Also published as: EP1228284A1; EP1228284B1; ATE315711T1; DE10035201A1; DE10192945D2; DE50108683D1; AU2001278386A1

Abstract

An adjustable damper element (1) is disclosed, which can be braced against the bonnet or the boot lid of a car in a rattle-free manner. The tolerances during production of the chassis make it necessary to adjust the damping element (1). According to the invention, the above is embodied such that the adjustment occurs automatically on the first closure of the bonnet or boot. The damping element (1) thus comprises four functional pieces, namely a stop element (2), a housing (3), a clamp element (4) and a fixing element (5). Whilst the fixing element (5) is not completely screwed into the housing (3), there is a partial positive fit between the stop element (2) and the clamp element (4). The stop element (2) may thus be moved within the housing (3) in a ratchet for the purpose of adjustment. The desired adjustment is fixed by completely screwing in the fixing element (5) to the housing (3), whereby a positive fit between the stop element (2) and the clamp element (4) is formed.

Description

Adjustable damping element and method for the same

attitude

The invention relates to an adjustable damping element for a flap closing a body opening with a stop element consisting of a head and a shaft, with a pot-shaped housing, with a clamping element arranged concentrically in the housing and consisting of at least two jaws, between which there is the shaft of the stop element is located, and with a tensioning element which can be brought from a first into a second position, in the first position an axial movement of the stop element in the housing relative to the jaws is possible and in the second position the shaft is fixed in the housing is.

Such a damping element is described in DE 195 14 944 Cl. As will be explained in more detail below, the jaws for fixing the shaft are tilted frictionally against the shaft by the clamping element. This is to solve the problem described below.

The hood or trunk lid of a vehicle is supported on so-called damping elements and is braced against it without rattling. Tolerances in the manufacture of the hood or the cover on the one hand and the body forming the opening make it necessary to provide an adjustable damping element so that the height of the stop element relative to the body frame can be adapted to the particular circumstances. To make time-consuming manual adjustment to avoid len, in which the lid or the hood must be closed and opened several times to check the accuracy of the setting achieved, damping elements have already been proposed in which the setting quasi automatically when the hood or the first closing Cover takes place, so that only a fixation of the stop element in the set position is then necessary.

Such a device is presented in EP 0 336 833 B1. The damping element accordingly consists of a stop element, which has a head and a tubular shaft, and of a housing into which the shaft of the stop element is inserted, the housing having a central tube, in the wall of which two opposite tabs are formed, which can be pressed outwards by means of a rotatable stamp, hooks arranged on the outside engaging in the inner wall of the shaft and fixing it in the housing. Since the stamp protrudes from the bottom of the housing, it is difficult to grasp, making assembly difficult.

Another possibility is known from DE 195 14 944 Cl (see above), in which the shaft is formed by a cylinder which is encompassed by a cup-shaped clamping element consisting of several lamellae. Several counter-bevels are formed on a so-called driver element, which correspond to corresponding bevels on the clamping element. At the same time, the driver element has extensions which engage in the spaces between the lamellae, so that when the driver element rotates, the clamping element is also rotated, since it is attached to it ramps located on the bottom of the housing, is pulled upwards against the counter slopes. These cause the tilting lamellae to be pressed inwards and pinch the shaft. It is disadvantageous in this embodiment that the driver element, the shaft and the clamping element are clamped to one another, but there is no fixation with respect to the housing, so that it cannot be ruled out that the arrangement can be loosened by vibrations occurring during driving. It is also disadvantageous that the pressure on the jaws is only exerted at the upper end, so that a frictional engagement occurs only on a narrow ring surface. A relatively large pressure must therefore be exerted on the shaft in order to generate the necessary holding force.

The invention is therefore based on the problem of creating an adjustable damping element that is easy to assemble and ensures reliable retention of the fixed setting.

It is therefore a damping element according to the preamble of claim 1 with the further features that the jaws are held radially displaceably on the bottom of the housing.

This arrangement of the jaws means that they can rest on the shaft over their entire height, which results in a significantly better fixation with less effort.

It is also proposed that a radial movement of the jaws away from the shaft is permitted in the first position of the clamping element and that in its second position the clamping element is between a system is arranged on the housing and the jaws, wherein the clamping element supported on the housing system clamps the jaws positively against the shaft. Due to the radial mobility, the jaws in the first position of the clamping element can either partially, which creates a partial form fit, which will be explained in more detail below, or completely detach from the shaft, which however presupposes that the resistance when inserting the shaft other way is effected

The fixation in the second position is preferably improved by a positive fit, which is achieved by concentrically running grooves. The amplitude of the grooves simply determines the accuracy of the setting.

As already mentioned, the radial mobility to the outside can be limited in such a way that there is still a partial positive fit between the grooves on the jaws and on the shaft. The degree of toothing determines the resistance in the setting phase. This ensures that the forces with which the shaft is held between the jaws are not too small during the adjustment phase, so that it would slip too far during the adjustment process. On the other hand, the positive engagement in the second position ensures that the setting is achieved in the long term.

In order to achieve a positive fit between the jaws and the shaft, the jaws are moved inwards by the clamping element via a wedge gear. This is realized as follows: The jaws are arranged concentrically to the shaft, the lateral surface enclosing the outside of the jaws being conical in the manner of a truncated cone towards the open side of the housing. runs, and the clamping element is provided with appropriate counter-bevels. The radial movement of the jaws takes place against the resilient action of the clamping element in the radial direction.

An extremely secure fixation is obtained if the tensioning element is designed as an insert piece that can be screwed into the housing and the counter-bevels are present on lamellae which are arranged at a distance from a tubular threaded collar that carries an external thread. There is a circumferential gap between the slats and the threaded collar. A web running around the bottom of the housing projects into this gap as a system for the lamellae of the tensioning element. The gap depth corresponds essentially to the height of the jaws. The web can also act as an inner support and guide for the threaded collar.

Another option for holding the tensioning element in the housing is to use a link guide. For this purpose, the clamping element has a pin which slides in a link which is formed by a groove on the inner wall of the housing. The backdrop has a vertical and a circumferential section. When passing through the vertical link section, the tensioning element is brought into a position in which the clamping element is fixed in the second position. By rotating the clamping element, with the pin running through the peripheral section, it is prevented that the clamping element can come loose. The clamping element is secured in the respective positions achieved by latching in the groove.

In the solution described so far, the clamping element is axially displaced from the first to the second position. puts. It therefore protrudes slightly above the housing in the first position. To this end, the adjustment path for the stop element must be added so that its top has a clear distance from the housing. In order to reduce the height of the unit consisting of the housing, the stop element and the clamping element, the invention provides that the jaws are half cylinders, which have cutouts on both sides parallel to their direction of displacement, so that the common outer contour of the jaws is oval , and that the clamping element has two opposite, inwardly directed lugs, which lie in the cutouts in the first position so that the jaws are radially movable, and which in the second position rest on the outside of the half-cylinder and the jaws against press the shaft.

Since in this solution there is no contact of the tensioning element with the shaft in the first position, it can already be located deep in the housing in the first position and can only be brought into the second position by rotating about the vertical axis of the housing. In the first position, the lugs lie in the free spaces in the housing formed by the free cuts.

In this solution, the slight clamping effect that is necessary when adjusting is not achieved by a partial positive fit of the shaft with the jaws, but rather by the fact that the clamping element has an inwardly directed collar with inwardly directed projections on the shaft. This has the advantage that the clamping element does not have to be set up in such a way that it has a resilient effect on the jaws in the first position. Since it is only the would have to realize the form fit in the second position, be constructed much easier.

In order to cause the rotation in the housing, the tensioning element is held so that it can rotate about the vertical axis of the housing in a link with a horizontal section which has a free path for a pin measured at least 90 ° in the circumferential direction. In this solution, the pin moves in the horizontal section when the clamping element is moved from the first to the second position. The horizontal section should therefore have a length of 90 ° in the circumferential direction.

In order to be able to insert the pin into the horizontal section of the backdrop, the backdrop has a vertical vertical section which opens approximately into the middle of the horizontal section.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for adjusting the damping element. According to the invention explained first, this consists of first preparing the damping element for installation and screwing the tensioning element into the housing so far that a displacement of the shaft between the jaws against a frictional force is still possible. The damping element prepared in this way is inserted into the frame of the body opening. The cover is then closed, as a result of which the damping element in the housing is displaced against the set partial positive locking force. The clamping element is then completely screwed into the housing, the shaft being clamped between the jaws. According to the solution described last, the method consists in assembling the damping element in a first step, the tensioning element being inserted into the housing and oriented towards the housing such that it is in the first position in which the shaft is against a slight resistance is displaceable relative to the housing, and the stop element protrudes so far from the housing that all possible spacing dimensions are bridged that in a further step the damping element prepared in this way in the body frame, which surrounds the opening to be closed, inserted and the flap is closed, the stop element being displaced against the resistance, and in a final step the tensioning element being rotated in the horizontal section of the link, so that it assumes the second position in which the jaws fix the stop element.

The two methods differ in that in the first case the insert piece for fixing the shaft is displaced vertically, while in the second case it is merely rotated.

The adjustment of the stop element achieved in both cases corresponds to a support of the cover without pretensioning. In order to achieve such an increase is attached or glued to the cover at the point of impact. The pretensioning is achieved in that either the head or the elevation is elastic.

Further embodiments of the invention result from the subclaims. The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of two exemplary embodiments, shown in seven figures. Show this

1 shows a section through a damping element with clamped jaws according to a first embodiment and

2 shows a section through a damping element according to FIG. 1 with jaws not clamped,

Fig. 3 shows a section through a further damping element, in which a

Clamping element is guided in a housing by means of a link,

4 in three partial figures a, b, c different designs of the backdrop,

5 shows a section through a damping element with released jaws according to a second embodiment,

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section along the line VI - VI of Fig. 5, with the jaws released and

Fig. 7 also a horizontal section along the line VI - VI of Fig. 5, but with the jaws locked. The damping element 1 consists of four functional parts, namely a stop element 2, a housing 3, a clamping element 4 and a tensioning element 5. The mushroom-shaped stop element 2 consists of a head 6 and a shaft 7, the head 6 carrying an elastically flexible cap which comes to rest against the flap closing a body opening, and wherein the shaft 7 can be fixed in the housing 3 by means of the clamping element 4 described in more detail below.

The cup-shaped housing 3 is inserted into a hole in a body frame 8 forming the body opening. Two flat ears 9, 9 "on the housing 3 lie on the body frame 8, while two lugs 10, 10" engage under the sheet metal of the body frame 8. The housing 3 is also attached to the body frame 8 by means of two expanding rivets 11, 11 "which are hammered into the ears 9, 9" and thereby spread tongues which hook into frame bores and thereby reach under the sheet metal of the body frame 8.

In the bottom 12 of the housing 3 there is a central opening 13, the diameter of which is somewhat larger than that of the shaft 7, so that this can possibly be passed through the bottom 12.

The clamping element 4, which is arranged concentrically in the housing 3, consists of two jaws 14, 14 "in the form of two half-shells. These have their undersides on the bottom 12 of the housing 3 and are hooked into openings there by means of a clip 15, 15". The openings for the clips 15, 15 'are somewhat larger than the clips themselves, so that the jaws 14, 14 "in a radial direction Direction are movable. The outer surface enveloping both jaws 14, 14 'tapers conically upwards. On the cylindrical inside of the jaws 14, 14 ″ there are concentrically running grooves 16, which correspond to corresponding grooves 17 on the outside of the cylindrical shaft 7.

As FIG. 2 shows, in the case of non-clamped jaws, these are offset radially outward so far that the grooves 16, 17 only partially engage in one another - which is to be referred to as a partial positive fit - so that the stop element comes from above exerted force this is ratcheted down.

The clamping element 5 is arranged concentrically with the clamping element 4. It is an insert piece which can be screwed into the housing 3 and has a tubular thread collar 18 which has a thread on the outside which corresponds to a corresponding internal thread on the housing wall. At a distance from this threaded collar 18 there are four lamellae 20 arranged in a concentric circle, the inner surface of which has counter-bevels corresponding to the bevel on the jaws 14, 14 ", so that there is a large-area contact between the inside of the Slats 20 and the outside of the jaws 14, 14 "when the insert, as shown in Fig. 1, is fully screwed into the housing 3. The slats 20 are evenly distributed over the circumference and have only a small angular distance from one another. You can therefore yield resiliently to the outside.

At the bottom 12 of the housing 3 there is a circumferential web 21 which, when fully screwed in Insert piece protrudes into the gap 19 and forms a stop for the slats 20. When the insert is only partially screwed in (FIG. 2), the lower edge of the slats is located above the upper edge of the web 21, so that they can pivot over it.

On the top of the insert there is a circumferential flange 22 which has a plurality of receptacles 23 for a tool. Its diameter is larger than the inside diameter of the housing 3, so that it projects beyond its edge. A collar 24 on the insert is directed inward and encloses a central opening for the passage of the shaft 7. This collar engages over the jaws 14, 14 ", so that it rests on the upper edge of the jaws and presses them against the bottom 12 as soon as the insert has been screwed in completely.

For assembly, proceed as follows: First, the damping element is preassembled in accordance with FIG. 2: the jaws 14, 14 "are clipped into the base 12 of the housing 3, the insert is only partially screwed in, so that it is still so far out The housing 3 protrudes so that the slats 20 can be pivoted outwards over the web 21. The stop element 2 is only inserted to such an extent that it straddles the greatest possible tolerance between the frame and the flap, which is to be indicated by the dash-dotted line on the shaft 7 engage so far in the grooves 16 on the jaws 14, 14 "that the stop element 2 does not slip.

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CQ H φ φ μ- tr tr d CQ

Ω Φ CQ tr z rt Ml ^

Φ "- d = J CQ H μ- d tr IQ O

Mi PJ 0 P- CD li μ- φ

P- Pi Φ CQ

Φ CD J

3 μ- CD a π H d r UI ω P- μ-

0 Pi TS

Pi μ- CD μ »

Φ CJ Φ Φ cn d 3 /

12 rails 37 in the form of webs which run in corresponding grooves on the underside of the jaws 14, 14 '.

The clamping element 5 consists of a cylinder 40, the outside diameter of which corresponds to the inside diameter of the housing 3. At the upper end, the cylinder 40 has an outwardly directed flange 22 and an inwardly directed collar 24 with an opening for the shaft 7, in which the latter is guided with a relatively precise fit. In the opening there are projections, not shown here, which exert a slight clamping effect on the shaft 7.

There are pins 30 on the outside of the cylinder 40, each of which engages in a link in the side wall of the housing 3. The backdrop consists of a horizontal section 41 and a vertical section 42. The horizontal section 41 has an angle of approximately 90 °, so that the clamping element 5 can be rotated by this angle in the housing 3.

The vertical section 42, which comes from the upper edge of the housing 3 opens into the horizontal section 41, serves to be able to insert the pins 25 into the horizontal section 41. To insert the

Clamping element 5 in the housing 3, the pins 30 are guided through the vertical sections 42 until they are in the horizontal sections 41. The clamping element 5 then has the lowest position in the housing 3, as shown in FIG. 5.

The cylinder 40 has two lugs 43, 43 'on an inner side, which extend over the entire height of the cylinder 40 and whose inner sides are convexly curved. After the clamping element 5 in the housing

CO P- tr σ μ- rt PJ Φ μ- 3

Φ CQ μ- φ μ ^J CQ 3 Ω

H cd Φ d P. φ μ- tr d PJ ^ d PJ-- Q CQ CQ 03 d rt rt 03

P- CQ φ φ Φ d v d ii J ω

Ω d d d d d d

Φ CQ CQ μ-

Φ Hi Ω μ- Φ d = P. tr d 3 tr φ rt φ φ li CQ d d 3 α rt d α Φ li cQ PJ: tr φ Jl 03 3 ii tr tr • ö d <; Φ Hi d Ω μ- d Ω = Q d 03 d CQ

13 CQ φ Q Pi μ- 03 d φ Φ φ Φ tr ii ii φ

PJ φ 3 3

Ω li μ- φ tr CQ rt d rt rt rt

Φ P- Φ z d Φ 03 μ- 3 ii μ- μ>

Pi d d Φ

Pi rt ii μ- Φ Hi

Φ li 0

03

N Ω CQ z tr rt φ μ- μ- φ Z rt P- μ-

Φ φ

Reference character list

Damping element 16 grooves

Stop element 17 grooves

Housing 25 18 threaded collar

Clamping element 19 gap

Clamping element 20 slats

Head 21 bridge

Shaft 22 flange

Body frame 30 23 holder

24 ear collar

Ear 25 cones

Nose 26 backdrop "Nose 30 cones

Expanding rivet 35 31 backdrop "Expanding rivet 32, section 33

Floor 34 wing

Opening 35, 36 locking element

Jaw 37 rail "Jaw 40 40 cylinders

Clips 41, 42 scenery section "clips 43, 43 'noses

Claims

P a t e n t a n s r u c h e

1. Adjustable damping element (1) for a flap closing a body opening with a stop element (2) consisting of a head (6) and a shaft (7), with a cup-shaped housing (3), with a clamping element arranged concentrically in the housing (4 ), which consists of at least two jaws (14, 14 '), between which the shaft (7) of the stop element (2) is located, and with a clamping element (5) which can be brought from a first to a second position, wherein in the first position an axial movement of the stop element (2) in the housing (3) relative to the jaws

(14, 14 ") is possible and in the second position the shaft (7) is fixed in the housing (3), characterized in that the jaws (14, 14") on the floor

(12) of the housing (3) are held radially displaceably.

2. Damping element according to claim 1, characterized in that in the first position of the clamping element (5) a radial movement of the jaws (14, 14 ") from the shaft (7) is allowed and that in its second position the clamping element (5) is arranged between a system on the housing (3) and the jaws (14, 14 "), the clamping element (5) supported on the housing system clamping the jaws (14, 14") against the shaft (7).

3. Damping element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the second position the shaft (7) between the jaws (14, 14 ") in the housing (3) is positively fixed.

3. Damping element according to claim 4, characterized in that there are concentrically extending grooves (16 and 17) on the inside of the jaws (14, 14 ") and on the outside of the shaft (7).

5. Damping element according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that in the first position a partial form fit between the jaws

(14, 14 ") and the shaft (7), in which an axial movement of the stop element (2) in the housing (3) relative to the jaws (14, 14") is still possible.

6. Damping element according to claim 5, characterized in that the jaws (14, 14 ") are arranged concentrically to the shaft (7), that the outer surface of the jaws (14, 14 ') enclosing the outer surface in the manner of a truncated cone to the open side of the housing (3) tapers conically and that the tensioning element (5) has corresponding counter bevels on the lateral surface.

7. Damping element according to claim 6, characterized in that the tensioning element (5) consists of an insert piece which can be screwed into the housing (3) with an externally threaded tubular threaded collar (18) and with spaced-apart, axially aligned slats (20) with the counter bevels, a gap (19) being located between the lamellae (20) and the threaded collar (18).

8. Damping element according to claim 7, characterized in that there is a circumferential web (21) on the bottom (12) which functions as a system for the tensioning element (5) in its second position.

9. damping element according to claim 8, characterized in that the web (21) acts as an inner support for the threaded collar (18).

10. Damping element according to claim 9, characterized in that the gap depth essentially corresponds to the height of the jaws (14, 14 ").

11. Damping element according to claim 7, characterized in that the height of the web (21) is selected such that in the first position of the tensioning element (5) the slats (20) can be pivoted radially outward via the web (21) ,

12. Damping element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tensioning element (5) is guided by means of a link guide in the housing (3).

13. Damping element according to claim 12, characterized in that on the outside of the clamping element (5) projects a pin (30) radially outwards, which is guided in a link (31) formed by a groove in the inner wall of the housing (3) ,

14. Damping element according to claim 13, characterized in that the link (31) has a vertical and a circumferential section (32, 33).

15. A method for adjusting a damping element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a first step the damping element (1) is assembled, the insert piece being inserted into the housing (3) only to such an extent that the tensioning element (5 ) is in the first position, in which there is a partial positive connection between the jaws (14, 14 ") and the shaft (7) and the stop element (2) protrudes so far from the housing (3) that all that may occur Distance dimensions are bridged, that in a further step the damping element (1) thus prepared is inserted into the body frame (8), which surrounds the opening to be closed, and the flap is closed, the stop element (2) being rattled between the jaws, and that in a final step, the insert is fully inserted into the housing (3), being brought into its second position, in which the Jaws (14, 14 ") fix the stop element (2).

16. Damping element according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the jaws (14, 14 ')

Are half cylinders, which have free cuts on both sides parallel to their direction of displacement, so that the common outer contour of the jaws (14, 14 ') is oval, and that the clamping element (5) has two opposite, inwardly directed lugs (43, 43 ') which, in the first position, lie in the cutouts, so that the jaws (14, 14') are radially displaceable, and which in the second position are on the outside of the Apply half cylinder and press the jaws (14, 14 ') against the shaft (7).

17. Damping element according to claim 16, characterized in that the tensioning element has an inwardly directed collar (24) with inwardly directed, on the shaft (7) adjacent projections, whereby a slight clamping effect is exerted on the shaft (7).

18. Damping element according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the clamping element (5) about the vertical axis of the housing (3) is rotatably held in a backdrop with a horizontal portion (41) which has a free path for a pin (30) of at least 90 ° measured circumferentially on ice.

19. Damping element according to claim 18, characterized in that the backdrop for the introduction of

Clamping element in the housing has a vertically running vertical section (42) which opens approximately into the center of the horizontal section (41).

20. Damping element according to claim 14 or 19, characterized in that a latching element (35, 36) is provided at least at the end of a horizontal section (41), which complicates a return of the pin (30).

21. Damping element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the upper end of the tensioning element (5) an outwardly projecting the flange (22) is arranged, which is provided with receptacles (23) for a tool.

22. A method for adjusting a damping element according to one of claims 16-21, characterized in that in a first step the damping element (1) is assembled, the tensioning element (5) being inserted into the housing (3) and thus being oriented towards the housing that it is in its first position, in which the

Shaft can be displaced against the housing against a slight resistance, and the stop element (2) protrudes so far from the housing (3) that all spacing dimensions that may arise are bridged that in a further step the damping element (1 ) in the body frame (8), which surrounds the opening to be closed, and the flap is closed, the stop element (2) being displaced against the resistance, and in a final step the tensioning element (5) in the horizontal section (41) the backdrop is rotated so that it assumes the second position in which the jaws (14, 14 ") fix the stop element (2).

23. A method for adjusting a damping element according to claim 16 or 22, characterized in that, after adjustment has been made, a possibly elastic increase is attached to the position of the flap to which the head (6) of the stop element (2) comes to rest.