WO2002005022A1 - Dispositif a source de lumiere en surface - Google Patents
Dispositif a source de lumiere en surface Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002005022A1 WO2002005022A1 PCT/JP2001/005946 JP0105946W WO0205022A1 WO 2002005022 A1 WO2002005022 A1 WO 2002005022A1 JP 0105946 W JP0105946 W JP 0105946W WO 0205022 A1 WO0205022 A1 WO 0205022A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light
- light source
- light guide
- source device
- sheet
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/0038—Linear indentations or grooves, e.g. arc-shaped grooves or meandering grooves, extending over the full length or width of the light guide
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
- G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
- G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
- G02B6/0028—Light guide, e.g. taper
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
- G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
- G02B6/0031—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a surface light source device, and more particularly, to a surface light source suitably used as a backlight optical system of a liquid crystal display device using a novel light guide and a light reflection sheet particularly preferably used for an illumination optical system.
- a surface light source suitably used as a backlight optical system of a liquid crystal display device using a novel light guide and a light reflection sheet particularly preferably used for an illumination optical system.
- transmissive liquid crystal display (display) devices have been frequently used as monitors for personal computers and display devices such as flat-screen TVs.
- Such liquid crystal display devices usually have a flat surface behind the liquid crystal element.
- a lighting device ie, a backlight (surface light source device) is provided.
- This surface light source device is a mechanism for converting a linear light source such as a cold cathode discharge tube into planar light.
- a method of disposing a light source directly below the back of the liquid crystal element, or a method of installing a light source on the side surface and converting the light into a planar shape using a translucent light guide such as an acryl plate A typical method is to obtain a desired optical characteristic by arranging an optical element such as a prism array on the light exit surface.
- a conventional sidelight type surface light source device has a linear light source on one side end of a substrate made of a light-transmitting flat plate, that is, a light guide 1 along the side end surface 1a. 2 and a reflector 3 is attached so as to cover the linear light source 2.
- the direct light from the linear light source 2 and the reflected light reflected by the reflector 3 are transmitted to the light guide 1 at the light incident end face. It is a mechanism that enters the inside from one side end surface 1a.
- One surface 1b of the light guide 1 is a light emitting surface, and a dimming sheet 5 on which a triangular prism-shaped array 4 is formed has a vertex angle directed toward the observer on the light emitting surface 1b.
- a large number of dots 6a, 6b, 6c... are printed in a predetermined pattern on a surface 1c of the light guide 1 opposite to the light exit surface 1b by a light scattering ink.
- the formed light extraction mechanism 6 is provided.
- a reflection sheet 7 is disposed close to the surface 1c.
- a dimming sheet 5 having a substantially triangular prism-shaped array 4 as shown in FIG. It is arranged on the light emitting surface 1b toward the light emitting surface 1b.
- the light extraction mechanism 8 provided on the surface 1 c of the light guide 1 opposite to the light exit surface 1 b is composed of a number of projections 8 a, 8 b, 8 each having a rough surface.
- Such a side-light type surface light source device can more effectively bring out the general characteristics of a liquid crystal display device such as light weight and thinness, and thus is often used as a backlight for a liquid crystal display device of a portable personal computer or the like. It is used.
- these conventional transmissive liquid crystal display devices have a problem that the structure is still complicated. The reason is that, particularly, a simple illumination optical system capable of obtaining desired optical characteristics in the surface light source device has not been obtained, so that the structure of the surface light source device has to be complicated, resulting in cost reduction. This has hindered the spread of this type of liquid crystal display device. That is, for example, in the surface light source device shown in FIGS.
- An object of the present invention is to solve such a conventional problem, and based on an illumination system which has a novel structure and is excellent in the use efficiency of illumination light, a novel light guide and a novel light control member. It is an object of the present invention to provide an inexpensive surface light source device having a simple structure and excellent assemblability, by effectively utilizing light by using the light reflecting sheet. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention is a surface light source device, and is configured as follows in order to solve the technical problem described above. That is, the surface light source device of the present invention is formed in a plate (sheet) made of a transparent synthetic resin, and has a light guide having one surface as a light exit surface, and at least one side end of the light guide. And a light source disposed in the vicinity of the light guide. When the light source is turned on, the light emitted from the light exit surface of the light guide is perpendicular to the side end surface of the light guide where the light source is disposed.
- the peak of the emission angle distribution for any direction is within ⁇ 15 degrees from the normal (vertical line) of the light emission surface, and the half-width of the emission angle distribution is within ⁇ 30 degrees.
- the light reflection sheet is disposed on the surface of the light guide opposite to the light emission surface, and the light incident on the light guide from the light source is provided on the opposite side to the light emission surface. The light is reflected from the light reflecting sheet, and the reflected light is re-entered into the light guide to be emitted from the light emitting surface of the light guide. The emitted light at that time is the surface of the side end of the light guide.
- the peak of the emission angle distribution in a direction perpendicular to the direction is within ⁇ 15 degrees from the normal line (vertical line) of the light emission surface, and the half width of the emission angle distribution is within 30 degrees of soil.
- a light extraction mechanism is provided on the surface of the light guide opposite to the light emission surface, and the light extraction mechanism emits most of the light rays incident on the light guide from the light source. The light is emitted from the surface opposite to the surface and reflected by the light reflecting sheet.
- the surface light source device of the present invention comprises: a light guide having one surface as a light exit surface; A light extraction mechanism provided on the light guide, a light source disposed on a side end of the light guide, and a light reflection sheet disposed on a surface of the light guide facing the light exit surface;
- the extraction mechanism is a mechanism that emits at least 65% or more of the light emitted from the light guide to the side of the light reflection sheet, and the light reflection sheet has almost the same, Z or almost similar shape consisting of an inclined reflection surface. It is characterized in that a large number of basic units are arranged at a pitch of 500 ⁇ m or less.
- the surface light source device of the present invention having such features, it is preferable to provide corrugated plate-like irregularities at a pitch of 500 im or less on at least one surface of the light guide. It is preferable that the uneven ridge line is oriented substantially perpendicular to the light guide side end where the light source is provided. Further, in the surface light source device of the present invention, it is preferable that the light extraction mechanism is formed in a pattern in which a large number of convex protrusions provided on the surface of the light guide opposite to the light emission surface are arranged. . At this time, the value h ZWmin defined by the depth h of the projection and the minimum opening width Wmin is preferably set to 0.5 or more.
- the surface light source device of the present invention it is preferable to provide a coat layer made of a transparent insulating material on the reflection surface.
- the metal material is silver or aluminum, and it is preferable that the coating layer consists of resistivity 1. 0 X 1 6 6 ⁇ ⁇ cm or more transparent materials.
- the surface of the coat layer made of the light transmitting material provided on the light reflecting surface is a smooth surface. It is preferable that a print pattern is provided on the smooth surface of the coat layer.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a main part of a surface light source device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a configuration explanatory view schematically showing a state in which light rays incident on a light guide become a surface light source in the surface light source device of the embodiment shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view schematically showing an arrangement example when a point light source is used in the surface light source device of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a light reflecting sheet used in the surface light source device of the present invention, in which a large number of basic units composed of parallel linear and flat inclined reflecting surfaces with ridge lines arranged in parallel are formed.
- FIG. 4 is a partial plan view of the light reflection sheet and a cross-sectional view taken along line 4b-4b.
- FIG. 5 shows a light reflecting sheet used in the surface light source device of the present invention, in which a large number of basic units composed of parallel linear and flat inclined reflecting surfaces with ridge lines arranged in parallel are formed on the surface. It is the partial top view of the light reflection sheet of other aspect, and sectional drawing cut
- FIG. 6 shows a light reflecting sheet used in the surface light source device of the present invention, in which a large number of basic units composed of parallel linear and concave inclined reflecting surfaces with ridge lines arranged in parallel are formed.
- FIG. 9 is a partial plan view of a light reflection sheet of still another embodiment and a cross-sectional view cut along line 6b-6b.
- FIG. 7 shows a light reflecting sheet used in the surface light source device of the present invention, in which a large number of basic units composed of parallel linear and concave inclined reflecting surfaces in which ridge lines are arranged in parallel are formed. It is the partial top view of the light reflection sheet of another aspect, and sectional drawing cut
- FIG. 8 shows a light reflection sheet used in the surface light source device of the present invention, and is a partial plan view of a light reflection sheet of still another mode in which a number of basic units formed of concave inclined reflection surfaces are formed on the surface.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 8b-8b.
- FIG. 9 is a light reflection sheet used in the surface light source device of the present invention, and is a partial plan view of a light reflection sheet of still another embodiment in which a plurality of basic units formed in a concave mirror shape are formed on the surface; It is sectional drawing cut
- FIG. 10 shows a light reflection sheet used in the surface light source device of the present invention, which is a light reflection sheet of still another embodiment in which a number of basic units each having a concave inclined reflection surface are formed on the surface.
- 1A and 1B are a schematic plan view and a cross-sectional view taken along line 10b-10b.
- FIG. 11 is a partial plan view of a light reflecting sheet used in the surface light source device of the present invention, in which a basic unit formed in a concave mirror shape is formed on a surface of a still further embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 1 1b—1 1b.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a partly enlarged parallel linear and flat inclined reflecting surface of the basic unit formed on the light reflecting sheet shown in FIG. 2 and showing an inclination angle of the inclined reflecting surface.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view in which the concave inclined reflecting surface of the basic unit formed on the light reflecting sheet shown in FIG. 6 is partially enlarged and shows the inclination angle of the concave inclined reflecting surface.
- FIG. 14 is an enlarged partial perspective view showing a main part of a light reflection sheet used in the surface light source device of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a shape easily manufactured in the basic unit constituting the light reflecting sheet of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a partial perspective view of another example of the light reflecting sheet used in the surface light source device of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a partial perspective view showing a main part of still another example of the light reflection sheet used in the surface light source device of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a configuration explanatory view schematically showing a main part of a surface light source device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a partial perspective view showing a main part of still another example of the light reflection sheet used in the surface light source device of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 shows an embodiment of a light extraction mechanism including a number of convex protrusions formed on the surface of the surface light source device of the present invention on the surface opposite to the light exit surface of the light guide. It is sectional drawing which expands a part and shows roughly.
- FIG. 21 shows another embodiment of a light extraction mechanism including a large number of triangular cross-section projections formed on the surface of the surface light source device of the present invention on the side opposite to the light exit surface of the light guide.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an enlarged part of FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 22 shows still another embodiment of a light extraction mechanism including a number of concave dents formed on the surface of the surface light source device of the present invention on the side opposite to the light exit surface of the light guide. It is sectional drawing which expands a part and shows roughly.
- FIG. 23 shows still another embodiment of a light extraction mechanism comprising a large number of V-shaped cross-sections formed on the light emitting surface of the light guide in the surface light source device of the present invention.
- FIG. FIG. 24 shows another embodiment of a light extraction mechanism including a large number of V-shaped cross sections formed on the surface of the surface light source device of the present invention, the surface being opposite to the light exit surface of the light guide. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows a part of body roughly.
- FIG. 23 shows still another embodiment of a light extraction mechanism comprising a large number of V-shaped cross-sections formed on the light emitting surface of the light guide in the surface light source device of the present invention.
- FIG. FIG. 24 shows another embodiment of a
- FIG. 25 shows still another embodiment of the light extraction mechanism having a large number of mountain-shaped projections formed on the light emitting surface of the light guide in the surface light source device of the present invention.
- FIG. FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram of a method for measuring the direction selectivity of a light beam of the light guide according to the present invention.
- FIG. 27 is a plan view schematically showing an example of an arrangement pattern of convex protrusions constituting a light extraction mechanism provided in the light guide.
- FIG. 28 is a plan view schematically showing a suitable arrangement pattern of convex protrusions constituting a light extraction mechanism provided in the light guide.
- FIG. 29 is a configuration explanatory view schematically showing a state in which a light beam incident on a light guide becomes a surface light source and a state in which a light beam does not become a surface light source depending on a light extraction mechanism in the surface light source device of the present invention.
- '' Fig. 30 is a schematic diagram showing the definitions of the depth h, the minimum opening width Wmin, and the maximum opening width Wmax for two examples of the convex protrusions constituting the light extraction mechanism provided in the light guide.
- FIG. Figure 31 is a schematic diagram showing the definitions of the depth h, the minimum opening width Wmin, and the maximum opening width Wma for the other two examples of the convex protrusions constituting the light extraction mechanism provided in the light guide.
- FIG. 32 is a configuration explanatory view showing a state in which the ability to selectively emit a light beam to the reflection sheet side changes depending on the shape of the convex protrusions constituting the light extraction mechanism provided on the light guide.
- FIG. 33 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing the vicinity of the light incident surface of the light guide.
- FIG. 34 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the angle of incidence ⁇ on the light guide and the angle of emergence ⁇ into the light guide after being subjected to refraction.
- FIG. 35 is a configuration explanatory view showing a state in which a bright line is generated in the light guide near the light source arrangement in the surface light source device.
- FIG. 36 is a configuration explanatory view showing that it is difficult to generate a bright line in the light guide near the light source arrangement in the case of the surface light source device of the present invention.
- FIG. 37 is a perspective view partially showing a surface light source device according to another embodiment of the present invention in which one means having a light condensing function is provided on the upper surface of the light guide.
- FIG. 38 is a perspective view partially showing a surface light source device according to another embodiment of the present invention in which another means having a light collecting function is provided on the upper surface of the light guide.
- FIG. 39 is a perspective view partially showing a surface light source device according to another embodiment of the present invention in which still another means having a light collecting function is formed on the upper surface of the light guide.
- FIG. 37 is a perspective view partially showing a surface light source device according to another embodiment of the present invention in which one means having a light condensing function is provided on the upper surface of the light guide.
- FIG. 38 is a perspective view partially showing a
- FIG. 40 shows the trajectories of light rays in the surface light source device of the present invention and the conventional surface light source device when a light guide having a corrugated plate-like unevenness on the light exit surface is used as a component of the surface light source device.
- FIG. 2 is a configuration explanatory diagram showing a trajectory of a light beam in FIG.
- FIG. 41 is a perspective view partially showing a surface light source device according to still another embodiment of the present invention, in which a light-condensing function unit according to still another embodiment is formed on the light emitting surface of the light guide.
- FIG. 42 is a characteristic diagram showing a state number density of a light beam emitted from each optical system.
- FIG. 43 schematically shows a main part of a surface light source device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. FIG. 44 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a main part of an example of a conventional surface light source device.
- FIG. 45 is a sectional view schematically showing a main part of another example of the conventional surface light source device.
- the surface light source device 1 0 according to an main portion of the surface light source device 1 0 according to the embodiment is a partial perspective view and a cross-sectional view schematically showing c this embodiment of the present invention
- a light guide 11 is provided with a substrate made of a light-transmitting flat plate, and a linear light source 13 is arranged at one end of the light guide 11 along the side end surface 12.
- the linear light source 13 may be a fluorescent tube, an LED array, or the like, but is not particularly limited thereto.
- As the linear light source 13 it is most preferable to use a cold-cathode tube which has excellent luminous efficiency and can be easily miniaturized.
- the arrangement of the linear light source 13 is not limited to this embodiment.
- a single-lamp type in which a cold-cathode tube is provided only at one end
- a two-lamp system in which two cold-cathode tubes are provided at one end, one or two cold-cathode tubes are provided at one end, and this is also provided at the opposite side end, Typical examples are two or four lights in total.
- FIG. 3 (a) shows an example in which the LED 39, which is a point light source, is arranged on a corner cut surface formed by cutting the light guide 11 in a triangular shape when the corner portion is viewed in a plane.
- FIG. 3B shows an example in which an optical rod 40 is arranged close to one end of the light guide 11 and an LED 39 which is a point light source is arranged on the end face of the optical rod 40. ing.
- a reflector 14 is attached to one end of the light guide 11 so as to cover the linear light source 13.
- the direct light from the linear light source 1.3 and the reflection reflected by the reflector 14 are provided.
- the mechanism is such that light and light enter the light guide 11 from one side end surface 12 which is a light incident end surface.
- the light guide 11 is, for example, a rectangular thin translucent plate having a thickness of about 4 mm, and one of the upper surfaces as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 emits light.
- the other surface (the lower surface in FIGS. 1 and 2) opposite to the surface 15 is the surface 16 facing the light emitting surface.
- reference numeral 17 denotes a line perpendicular to the light exit surface 15 of the light guide 11, that is, a normal line of the light guide 11.
- a light reflection sheet 18 is provided near the surface 16 of the light guide 11 opposite to the light exit surface 15.
- the light reflecting sheet 18 is configured by forming a large number of basic units 19 having an inclined reflecting surface 19a on the surface of the base material 20 at a fine pitch P.
- the basic unit 19 is, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 11, a light reflection sheet 1 obtained as an aggregate of inclined reflection surfaces 19a having substantially the same shape and Z or a substantially similar shape.
- Means 8 basic shape units In other words, the basic unit 19 is a minimum unit of shape, that is, a so-called unit cell, which loses identity or similarity when divided further.
- the pitch P is formed by the arrangement of these basic units 19 as shown in FIGS. It is defined as the minimum length of the basic period. (Light extraction mechanism provided in the light guide)
- the light guide 11 is provided with a light extraction mechanism 21.
- the light extraction mechanism 21 is configured to selectively emit a light beam incident on the light guide 11 to the light reflection sheet 18 side.
- the light extraction mechanism 21 is configured to guide the light beam to the light reflection sheet 18 side. It is necessary to emit 65% or more, more preferably 70% or more, still more preferably 75% or more of the luminous flux of the light emitted from the body 11, and as long as this requirement is satisfied.
- the light extraction mechanism used in the method is not particularly limited.
- a light extraction mechanism 21 provided in the light guide 11 to emit at least 65% or more of all the outgoing light rays emitted from the light guide 11 to the light reflection sheet 18 side Various embodiments can be considered, and there is no particular limitation. However, in the most preferable embodiment, as shown in FIG. 20, a surface (a surface on the light reflection sheet side) 16 of the light guide 11 opposite to the light exit surface 15 has a large number of protrusions. A light extraction mechanism 21 in which the projections 22 are formed in a predetermined pattern can be given.
- examples of the convex protrusions 22 that have a function of emitting most of the light beam components 28 to the light reflection sheet 17 side include various shapes shown in FIGS. 30 and 31.
- the convex protrusion 22 shown in FIG. 30 (a) has an elliptical cross section
- the convex protrusion 22 shown in FIG. 30 (b) has a rectangular cross section.
- the protruding projection 22 shown in FIG. 31 (a) has a rectangular cross section and a triangular shape with a sharp lower end.
- the convex protrusion 22 shown in FIG. 31 (b) is a rectangle whose cross section is close to a rhombus.
- most of the outgoing light rays emitted from the light guide 11 are directed toward the light reflection sheet 18 by various surface shape designs. It is possible to design like this. That is, in the mode shown in FIG. 21, a large number of protrusions 23 having a triangular cross section are formed in a predetermined pattern on a surface 16 of the light guide 11 on the side of the light reflection sheet 18 in a light extraction mechanism 21. It is what it was. Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 22, the projections 24 b are relatively formed by forming the concave dents 24 a on the surface 16 of the light guide 11 on the light reflection sheet 18 side. A light extraction mechanism. Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG.
- a large number of grooves 25 having a V-shaped cross section are formed at predetermined intervals on the light emitting surface 15 of the light guide 11 to thereby form a light extraction mechanism 21. Things. Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 24, a large number of grooves 26 having a V-shaped cross section are formed at predetermined intervals on a surface 16 of the light guide 11 on the optical anti-reflective sheet 18 side at predetermined intervals to extract light. This is the mechanism 21. Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 25, a light extraction mechanism 21 is formed by forming a large number of protrusions 27 having a mountain-shaped cross section at predetermined intervals on the light emission surface 15 of the light guide 11. Things.
- a light extraction mechanism that can emit at least 65% or more of the light emitted from the light guide 11 to the side of the light reflection sheet 18 as described above is particularly limited. It is not something to be done.
- the ratio of the light flux selectively emitted to the light reflection sheet side to the total light flux emitted from the light guide 11 is at least 65% or more.
- the measuring means for measuring the selectivity in the direction in which the light beam is emitted is as follows. is there. That is, first, a black sheet 37 (flocked paper or the like) that absorbs light almost completely is provided at a position where the normal light reflection sheet is provided, and the light guide 11 is disposed as shown in FIG.
- the light is set in the normal direction and turned on in the integrating sphere 38, and the total luminous flux emitted from the light exit surface side of the light guide 11 obtained at this time is defined as ⁇ a.
- the direction of the light guide 11 is set upside down as usual (original so that the surface facing the side of the light reflection sheet is on the side of the light exit surface).
- the total amount of luminous flux emitted from the surface opposite to the light exit surface of the light guide 11 obtained at this time is defined as ⁇ b.
- the obtained numerical value, ⁇ b / ( ⁇ a + ⁇ b) X100 is the ratio (%) of the luminous flux selectively emitted to the light reflecting sheet side, and this value is at least 6%. It is 5% or more, more preferably 70% or more, and further preferably 75% or more.
- the outer shape of the pattern composed of the convex protrusions 22 as the light extraction mechanism 21 increases as the distance from the portion where the light source 13 is disposed increases. It is adjusted so that the take-out efficiency can be increased.
- this adjustment mode a mode in which the area of the opening of the convex projection 22 is increased, a convex projection 22 of almost the same shape is used, and the arrangement density of the convex projections 22 increases as the distance from the light source 13 increases.
- Increasing modes are exemplified. Among these adjustment modes, the mode that is particularly easy to adjust is the mode in which the area of the opening of the convex projection 22 is increased.
- the light extraction mechanism 21 realized by the convex protrusions 22 selectively emits the light propagating in the light guide 11 only to the light reflection sheet 18 side. It is necessary to perform a function, and it is preferable that the value h / Wmin defined by the depth h and the minimum opening width Wmin be kept at a high value. For this reason, simply increasing the area of the opening of the convex protrusion 22 causes the value of h / Wmin to deviate from a desirable value at a position away from the light source 13. It is also assumed that Therefore, a pattern shape that increases the area of the opening of the convex projection 22 while keeping the value of hZWmin constant is most preferable. Specifically, as shown in FIG.
- the pattern shape in which the opening of the convex protrusion 22 is enlarged in the uniaxial direction as the distance from the disposition position increases is most preferable.
- convex projections having substantially the same shape and having values of hZWmin, h / Wmax, and the like within the above-described preferable ranges are used.
- An embodiment using a pattern shape in which the arrangement density is increased as the distance from the position where 3 is disposed increases.
- the convex protrusions 22 having substantially the same shape are used, the ability to selectively emit light to the light reflection sheet 18 side for a single shape of the convex protrusion 22 is extremely high. This is the most preferable mode for improving the efficiency of the surface light source device 10 because it can have a high shape.
- such a shape restriction required for the light extraction mechanism 21 is limited to the light emission from the light guide 11 on the light reflection sheet 18 side as described above. It should be determined in terms of emitting more than 65% of the light. For example, this will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 29 (a) and (b).
- the projection 23 having a triangular cross section shown in FIG. 21 is formed on the surface 16 of the light guide 11.
- the apex angle j3 of the point is preferably 90 degrees or less, more preferably 70 degrees or less, and further preferably 50 degrees or less. That is, as shown in FIG.
- the height of the convex protrusions 22 in other words, as shown in FIG.
- the value h ZWmin defined by the depth h and the minimum opening width Wmin of the convex protrusion 22 when viewed from the inside of the light guide 11 is preferably 0.5 or more, more preferably 0. 6 or more, more preferably 0.7 or more.
- the protruding projection 22 shown in FIG. 20 had an elliptical cross section as apparent from FIG. 30 (a), but had a cross section as shown in FIG. 30 (b). In the case of a rectangular shape, the short side dimension of the rectangular cross section is the minimum opening width Wmin.
- the convex protrusion 22 is designed to satisfy such a condition, it is preferable that at least 65% or more of the light emitted from the light guide 11 be emitted to the light reflection sheet 18 side.
- the shape can be determined. Further, in order to sufficiently emit the light beam incident on the convex protrusion 22 toward the light reflecting sheet 18, the shape of the opening of the convex protrusion 22 should be as shown in FIGS. 30 and 31.
- the value hZWmax defined by the maximum opening width Wmax and the depth h of the convex protrusion 22 is preferably 0.5 or more, more preferably 0.7 or more, and still more preferably 0.9 or more. . To explain this situation in more detail, as shown in FIG.
- the light beam 30 propagating in the light guide 11 is formed by the wall surface of the convex protrusion 22.
- the light that hits the wall is no longer staying inside the light guide 11 and exits to the light reflection sheet 18 (the exit light is indicated by reference numeral 28). It is.
- the minimum aperture width Wmin shown in FIG. 32 (b) is in an inappropriate range, the light beam 30 propagating in the light guide 11 easily hits the bottom of the convex protrusion 22. Therefore, as shown in the trajectory of the light ray in FIG.
- the most preferable from the viewpoint of emitting light toward the light reflecting sheet 18 is a case where both the minimum opening width Wmin and the maximum opening width Wmax are within the suitable range ffl as shown in FIG. 32 (c). is there.
- the light extraction mechanism preferably used in the present invention and exemplified in FIGS. 20 to 25 has, to the last, the shape of the light emitted from the light guide toward the light reflection sheet 18. It is determined from the viewpoint of emitting 65% or more, but the concept of a more detailed design will be explained.
- the light Since the light is emitted, it is possible to selectively output the emitted light only in one direction, and it is preferable to use the hZWmin or h / Wmax described above. The appropriate range is determined by these circumstances.
- the other light extraction mechanisms shown in FIGS. 22 to 25 are designed based on the above, taking into account the characteristics of the light beam propagating in the light guide.
- the convex protrusions 22 are formed as smooth as possible to maintain the direction selectivity of the light flux emitted from the light guide 11 appropriately.
- the surface of the convex protrusion 22 has a ten-point average roughness Rz value defined in JISB 0601 of preferably 0.01 to 10 ⁇ , more preferably 0.02. ⁇ 4 im, more preferably 0.02 ⁇ 2 ⁇ m, particularly preferably in the range of 0.05 ⁇ 1, so that unnecessary light scattering (light diffusion) phenomenon due to the rough surface portion does not occur. It is better to
- the surface light source device of the present invention As described above, an optical system that emits most of the light emitted from the light guide 11 to the light reflecting sheet side is used. As shown in the figure, the light beam 28 often has a directivity obliquely incident on the light reflection sheet 18. Therefore, in the surface light source device of the present invention, as shown in FIG. Due to the effect of the substantially identical and Z or substantially similar basic unit 19 comprising the inclined reflecting surface 19 a provided on 18, the light guide 11 can be selectively placed on the side of the light reflecting sheet 18 from the light guide 11. The direction of the emitted light beam 28 is changed in the direction of the front of the light guide 11, and as a result, when the surface light source device 10 is viewed from the front, an extremely high illumination intensity can be obtained.
- the conventional surface light source device uses a refraction such as a prism array.
- substantially the same and the same structure comprising the inclined reflecting surface 19a provided on the light reflecting sheet 18 is provided.
- a desired optical function such as a condensing function or a bending function can be applied to the light reflecting sheet 18 by designing the basic unit 19 having a substantially similar shape into, for example, a concave mirror shape. It is possible to provide a surface light source device with a very simplified structure while maintaining the same optical performance.
- the light reflecting sheet 18 used in the present invention is preferably a flexible base material 20 having a thickness of about 100 ⁇ m or less, but the form such as the thickness is appropriately selected depending on the application object, and is not necessarily required. It is not limited to this. It is desirable that the material be made of a material having a high reflectance from the viewpoint of high efficiency.
- the material having a high reflectivity in the present invention is a material having a high reflectivity in a typical wavelength range of the visible light spectrum, since it is mainly used for image display applications to be viewed by a human. Means that.
- the ratio of the reflected luminous energy to the incident luminous energy in the visible light spectrum region is the above value, and is usually 70% or more, preferably 7% or more. It is at least 5%, more preferably at least 85%, particularly preferably at least 88%, very preferably at least 91%. Further, in the present invention, it is desirable to avoid a change in color tone in the light reflection sheet portion, and it is preferable that the light reflection sheet portion has a reflection characteristic that is as flat as possible in the visible light spectrum. Therefore, the value of the spectral reflectance at 550 nm, which is located substantially at the center of the visible spectrum, is used as the reflectance, and a preferable value range can be defined.
- the above-mentioned reflectance means the reflectance of the material located on the surface of the inclined surface that substantially causes reflection, and specifically, as represented by silver or aluminum on the surface of the inclined surface.
- a material having a high reflectance and a small change in color tone is provided.
- a transparent coat layer or the like is provided on the reflective surface.
- the reflectance referred to here is the reflectivity of the surface of the material itself which does not have a coat layer and which substantially contributes to reflection such as a metal material. It means.
- specular reflection and diffuse reflection are appropriately selected according to the optical characteristics of required illumination light, but generally, when high directivity is desired to be obtained.
- a specular reflection layer made of silver, aluminum, or the like is preferably used, and a diffuse reflection layer made of a resin kneaded with a white pigment, a foamable resin, or the like is preferably used to obtain a wide emission angle distribution.
- the array pitch P of the basic units 19, which are almost the same and Z or almost similar, is made as small as possible so that the array of the basic units 19 cannot be recognized on the screen.
- the array pitch P of the basic units 19 which are almost the same and Z or almost similar, is made as small as possible so that the array of the basic units 19 cannot be recognized on the screen.
- a basic unit 19 of substantially the same and Z or substantially similar shape composed of an inclined reflecting surface 19 a provided on the surface of the light reflecting sheet 18, typically shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and (b)
- the basic unit 19 has a mountain shape, and the basic unit 19 has a periodicity only in the axial direction, and the pitch is 300 ⁇ m.
- it is preferably 800 m or less, more preferably 300 ⁇ m or less, and the ridge lines 19 b are arranged in parallel when the light reflection sheet 18 is viewed from above.
- FIGS. 4 (a) and (b) and FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) there is an embodiment in which an array of basic units 19 composed of such inclined reflection surfaces 19a is used.
- the ridge lines 19 b of the inclined flat reflecting surface 19 a are arranged substantially in parallel.
- cutting using a diamond byte end mill is easy to apply, making it easy to manufacture dies for shaping, making it easy to miniaturize, and extremely high in mass productivity.
- “the ridge lines 19 of the many basic units 19 are arranged in parallel” does not mean that the ridge lines 19 are kept in a completely parallel state. It means that they are arranged. That is, as shown in FIG.
- the light emitted from the light guide 11 designed so that most of the light flux emitted from the light guide is directed to the side where the light reflecting sheet 18 is provided is a parallel linear and flat inclined reflection surface 1 Since the light is reflected in the direction of the normal line 17 of the light guide 11 by the effect of 9a, it is possible to obtain an illumination light beam having extremely suitable characteristics as the surface light source device 10.
- substantially identical and / or substantially similar basic units 19 The range suitable for the inclination angle ⁇ of the inclined reflecting surface 19 a used for the light guide 11 varies depending on the form of the light extraction mechanism 21 used, and the direction of the light emitted from the light guide 11 is changed to the light emission surface 15.
- the inclination angle ⁇ of the surface 19a is preferably in the range of 50 to 7 degrees, more preferably in the range of 40 to 10 degrees, and even more preferably in the range of 34 to 15 degrees.
- the cross section of the inclined reflecting surface 19a constituting each basic unit 19 is preferably concave from the viewpoint of light collection as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG.
- a concave mirror-shaped basic unit 19 as shown in FIGS. 8 to 11 is arranged. It is also suitably used in the embodiments described above. Also in this case, the range preferably used as the inclination angle of the inclined reflecting surface 19a is that the direction of the light beam emitted from the light guide 11 is converted to the direction of the normal line 17 of the light emitting surface 15 It should be determined from a viewpoint. For example, as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, a convex projection 22 or a projection 23 having a triangular cross section is used as the light extraction mechanism 21. As shown in FIG.
- the inclination angle ⁇ of the tangent at the center of the concave cross section is preferably in the range of 50 to 7 degrees, more preferably in the range of 40 to 10 degrees, and still more preferably in the range of 34 to The range is 15 degrees.
- the light emitted from the light guide 11 is more collimated by the condensing effect of the concave mirror. It is possible to convert the emitted light into an extremely high-luminance light in the line 17 direction. Therefore, in the conventional surface light source device, the light-condensing effect that has been realized by using expensive members that are difficult to manufacture such as a prism array can be realized without using such members. While maintaining almost the same optical characteristics, the surface light source device can be made to have a very simplified configuration, reducing the number of assembly steps, improving the yield, reducing the probability of dust contamination, reducing cost, etc. It has a great many advantages as a practical surface light source device.
- a phenomenon called a bright line 32 occurs at the side end 12 of the light guide 11 where the light source 13 is disposed, which deteriorates the appearance.
- this is mainly caused by light rays incident on the upper and lower surfaces of the light guide 11 through the reflection sheet 33 in the vicinity of the side end portion 12 of the light guide 11, and this bright line 3 2 is removed.
- measures have been taken to change the arrangement of the reflectors or to apply light-absorbing printing to the reflection sheet 33, but this has resulted in further complication of the structure and higher cost.
- the light reflecting sheet 18 uses a basic unit 19 having a substantially identical and Z or substantially similar shape composed of an inclined reflecting surface 19a. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 36, in the conventional surface light source device, the light rays incident as much as possible as a bright line component are bounced back by the basic unit 19 composed of the inclined reflecting surface 19a, and are guided as bright lines. Since the light is no longer emitted onto the body 11, the appearance quality as a surface light source is extremely excellent.
- the reflecting surface 19 a having the concave cross section and the inclined reflecting surface 19 a be used for the basic unit 19. It is further preferable that the reflecting surface 19 & having a concave cross section and having an inclined cross section has a polygonal cross section as shown in FIG. This is because, when a mold is manufactured, cutting using a diamond byte or the like is generally used. However, it is easy to make a cutting tool because of its polygonal cross section. The reason will be described in more detail. In the concave reflecting surface 19a having a polygonal cross section shown in FIG.
- the cross-sectional contour forming the concave reflecting surface is not a curve but a straight line. This is because a concave reflecting surface is formed by connecting two flat inclined surfaces 19a-1 and 19a-2.
- the maximum diameter is 300 ⁇ m or less.
- a structure is used in which a concave mirror-like reflecting surface 19a of 800 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 300 ⁇ m or less is arranged.
- the basic unit 19 has the concave reflecting surface 19a, but the basic unit 19 has a concave reflecting surface 19a. It is not limited, and may be formed to have a convex cross section as shown in FIG.
- the reflecting surface 19a of the basic unit 19 is thus a convex reflecting surface. This also makes it possible to provide a useful optical effect in terms of illumination optics, such as a change in the angle of the incident light incident on the light reflection sheet and an increase in the exit angle distribution.
- the upper surface 15 of the light guide (the surface on the side where the pattern composed of the convex protrusions is not arranged) is shown in FIG. It is preferable to provide a mountain-shaped unevenness 34 as shown in FIG. 3 or a corrugated plate-shaped unevenness 35 as shown in FIG. 38 and a lenticular lens element 36 as shown in FIG. . At this time, the ridge line is almost perpendicular to the side end 12 where the light source 13 is disposed, with the direction of the mountain-shaped or corrugated unevenness 34, 35 or the lenticular lens element 36. It is provided as follows.
- the lens functions as a thick lens sheet, and it is possible to obtain much better performance in terms of light collection.
- the state number distribution of the light beam emitted from the light emitting surface by geometrical optics is calculated. Referring to FIG. 40 which is a cross-sectional view as viewed from the light incident surface 11 side of the light guide, the output angle of the light beam emitted by the light extraction mechanism provided in the light guide is set to 7, and the light is provided on the light guide. Let ⁇ be the top angle of the triangular prism array.
- FIG. 40 (b) In a conventional light guide provided with a triangular prism array, an optical design for selectively guiding outgoing light rays to the side of the light reflection sheet 18 by a light extraction mechanism has not been made, so as shown in FIG. 40 (b), There are many light components 41 that enter the triangular prism directly from the light guide and undergo refraction at the prism.
- the output angle ⁇ b of such a light component 41 is a function of y and ⁇ ,
- ⁇ 1 ⁇ arcsini n-sin (y- ⁇ ) + —
- the emitted light beam is once emitted to the side of the light reflection sheet 18 of the present invention, and the light guide can act as a prism sheet.
- the optical design according to the present invention in which light is emitted to the light reflection sheet 18 side and the light guide 11 itself acts as a prism sheet plays a very essential role in ensuring light collecting properties. You can see that it is playing.
- Mountain-shaped or corrugated irregularities (irregularities with a wavy surface shape) 34, 35, or lenticular lens element 36 have optical functions such as increasing light condensing properties.
- the shape is appropriately designed, and the surface structure is not particularly limited.
- the function of propagating light rays incident from the side ends, which is originally required for the light guide 11, without loss under the condition of total internal reflection is impaired, the function as a surface light source device will not be achieved. . Therefore, at least the peaks or corrugations 34, 35, or the ridge lines 34a, 35a, 36a of the lenticular lens element 36 are oriented in the direction in which the incident light is mainly transmitted.
- the pitch be at least 500 ⁇ m or less, preferably 300 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 200 m or less.
- an embodiment using a triangular prism array 34 as shown in FIG. 37 is preferable, and as shown in FIG. 1 is provided with a triangular prism array having a top angle ⁇ of 60 ° to 150 °, preferably 70 ° to 120 °, and more preferably 80 ° to 110 °.
- a mode is used in which the ridge line 34a of the prism array 34 is substantially perpendicular to the side end portion 12 provided at 3.
- the light guide 11 in which the triangular prism array 34 is integrally formed on the light exit surface 15 is also provided.
- a light extraction mechanism 21 for selectively emitting light on the side of the light reflection sheet 18 is provided on a surface 16 of the light guide 11 opposite to the light emission surface 15 as shown in FIGS. 23 and 2. As shown in FIG. 5, in a mode in which the light extraction mechanism 21 is provided on the light emission surface 15 side of the light guide 11, as shown in FIG.
- a surface 16 opposite to 5 is provided with mountain-shaped irregularities 34 such as a triangular prism array.
- the ridge line 3 4a of the mountain-shaped unevenness 3 4 is set to a direction substantially perpendicular to the side end 12 which is the light incident surface of the light guide 11 as described above.
- the pattern composed of the convex protrusions 22 is used as the light extraction mechanism 21, and the light guide 1 is designed so that most of the light flux emitted from the light guide goes to the side where the light reflection sheet 18 is provided.
- the light emitted from 1 is reflected in the direction of the normal line 17 of the light guide 11 by the effect of the inclined reflection surface 19 a of the light reflection sheet 18, and at least one surface of the light guide 11.
- the linear light source 13 is provided only on one side 12 of the light guide 11 as in the surface light source device 10 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the light exit surface 15
- the light reflection sheet 18 formed by arranging the basic units 19 of the concave reflection surfaces 19 a in a parallel linear shape and in a sawtooth shape is arranged on the surface on the side opposite to the side shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 shows that the linear light source 13 is provided only on one side 12 of the light guide 11 as in the surface light source device 10 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the light exit surface 15
- the light reflecting sheet is used. It is preferable to use the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 as 18, that is, a light reflecting sheet 18 formed by arranging basic units 19 of concave reflecting surfaces 19 a that are parallel linear and corrugated. (About the material of the light reflection sheet)
- the reflective material used for the light reflective sheet 18 in the present invention is not particularly limited. However, as shown in FIG. 14, silver or aluminum is coated on the surface to form the reflective layer 42. It is most preferable that the surface be a reflecting surface 19a from the viewpoint of ease of production. In particular, a method of forming a thin silver reflective layer using a dry process such as vacuum deposition, sputtering, or ion plating and coating the surface is most preferable. Further, the reflection layer 42 is not limited to a reflection layer made of a specularly reflective metal material.For example, a diffuse reflection layer made of a polyester resin kneaded with a white pigment such as titania may be used. it can.
- the incident light is scattered in various directions by the diffuse reflection surface, the directivity of the reflected light can be expanded, and the viewing angle characteristics of the illumination light can be reduced by specular reflection such as an Ag thin film.
- specular reflection such as an Ag thin film.
- sandblasting is performed on the surface of the base material sheet on which the basic unit 19 having substantially the same and / or substantially similar shape composed of the inclined reflecting surface 19 a is formed. For example, a mat treatment can be performed.
- a diffuse reflection layer By processing in this way, it becomes possible to impart a proper light diffusing property to the specular reflection surface, expand the angular distribution characteristics of the emitted light, suppress the glare of the illumination light, or reduce the It is possible to obtain effects such as prevention of generation of moiré patterns due to interference with the gate array.
- Other methods for forming the diffuse reflection layer include a mode in which a diffuse reflection layer is obtained from a foamable polyester resin, a foamable polyolefin resin, a foamable ABS resin, or the like, and a white face paint on the base material surface. And the like.
- the glossy metal surface such as the silver reflection layer is in a state where it is very susceptible to damage and oxidative deterioration is likely to occur, so as shown in Fig. 14, the surface is cured by ultraviolet light as a protective layer 43. It is preferable to prevent deterioration of the optical characteristics due to scratches or the like by applying a hydrophilic acryl resin paint or the like. Furthermore, by providing a coating layer of light transmissive beads typified by glass beads or the like as the protective layer 43, a matte treatment is applied to the basic unit having substantially the same shape and Z or substantially similar shape formed of the above-mentioned inclined reflecting surface. The same effect as described above can be obtained.
- the transparent coat layer (protective layer 43) can have a function as an optical thin film, and the controllability of incident light can be further enhanced.
- an optical thin film such as an e / 4 plate, a ⁇ / 2 plate, etc.
- the polarization state of an incident light beam such as a beam splitter function or a polarization conversion function is controlled. It is also possible to obtain a light reflecting sheet having a function.
- a coat layer 44 of another property may be provided so that the surface becomes flat as shown in FIG. The coating layer 44 will be described in further detail.
- the reflecting surface 19a is formed of silver or aluminum as described above, the reflecting surface 19a has high conductivity. For this reason, there is a problem that a current used for lighting the light source is leaked or short-circuited. This is a particularly serious problem in a configuration using a high-voltage lighting power source that uses a discharge tube such as a cold-cathode tube generally used in a large LCD backlight as a light source as described above.
- Another problem is that when the reflective layer 42 is formed of a metal material typified by silver or aluminum, which has regular reflectivity from the viewpoint of controllability of optical characteristics such as light condensing properties, it is extremely liable to change with time.
- the reflection layer 42 easily changes its optical characteristics due to the aging change such as oxidative deterioration. It is expected that the reflection characteristics will change and it will be extremely difficult to maintain the quality of the illuminating light, making it impossible to obtain a practical surface light source device. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a coating layer 44 made of a transparent insulating material on the reflection surface 19a made of silver or aluminum.
- the coat layer 44 preferably has a smooth surface by completely filling the concave portion of the reflective surface 19a as shown in FIGS. The reason why the transparent insulating material is arranged so as to fill the concave portion of the reflection surface 19a and the surface thereof is smoothed when forming the coating layer 44 is as follows.
- the surface of the light reflecting sheet is preferably a smooth surface embedded with a transparent resin or the like. More specifically, the surface of the coating layer 44 made of a transparent resin has an Rz value specified in JISBO605 of 25 ⁇ m or less, preferably 20 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably. Is less than 15 ⁇ m.
- the insulating material for forming the coat layer 44 include a transparent resin represented by, for example, a thermoplastic resin such as an acrylic resin or a polyester resin, a photocurable resin, or a thermosetting resin, or Transparent ceramics (typically silica, titania, etc.) are preferred.
- the coating layer 4 4 made of insulating material further, resistivity 1.
- a transparent resin of cm or more is the most suitable because of its high electrical insulation, ease of manufacturing, and low cost.
- transparent in the term “transparent insulating material” means that the total light transmittance is 85% or more, preferably 87% or more, and more preferably 90% or more. .
- the printed pattern often has bright strip-shaped bright parts (bright lines) near the light source and often deteriorates its appearance.
- Pattern 48 consisting of a large number of dots 48a with diffuse and reflective (white) and light-absorbing (black) colors.
- a pattern 49 composed of a large number of semi-transparent dots 49a used for this purpose is typical.
- pattern 48 which is provided to catch the deterioration of appearance due to the occurrence of bright bands (bright lines) in the vicinity of the light source, black is excellent in the ability to catch bright lines, but the brightness is reduced. easy. In contrast, white has a relatively small decrease in luminance.
- the pitch P 2 of the dots 48 a forming the pattern 48 is mainly provided in the vicinity of the side end of the light reflection sheet 18 on which the light source is disposed.
- the pattern is formed within a length of 12 to 3 O mm, preferably 12 to 30 mm.
- the pattern is provided within a range of 25 mm or less, more preferably within a range of 20 mm, and has a pattern in which the arrangement density gradually decreases as the distance from the light source arrangement side end increases.
- a pattern 49 consisting of a large number of semi-transparent dots 49 a used to correct in-plane color unevenness in a large module is provided over a wide area of the light reflection sheet 18.
- the arrangement density is formed so as to gradually increase as the distance from the light source arrangement side end increases.
- the bluish color tends to be too strong in the vicinity of the light source.
- the pitch P3 of the dots 49a forming the pattern 49 is preferably 2 to 400 ⁇ , more preferably 5 to 300 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 10 to 200 m. They are arranged at a pitch.
- the coating layer 44 made of a light-transmitting substance provided on the light-reflecting sheet 18 may be made of a material having a light-scattering property composed of substances having different refractive indexes.
- such an effect can be obtained by dispersing inorganic fine particles such as titania in an acrylic photocurable resin suitably used as a material for forming the coat layer 44 of a light transmitting substance. It is possible to cause light scattering, and light rays incident on the light reflecting sheet are appropriately scattered. Thereby, the controllability of the illumination light beam can be further improved.
- the basic unit 19 having a substantially similar shape is coated with a light-transmitting substance so as to be completely embedded, and the surface of the coat layer 44 is coated with the basic unit.
- the light reflection sheet 18 is formed of a resin material.
- a base material 20 made of a thermoplastic resin film represented by a polyester resin, an acrylic resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polyamide resin, a polyarylate resin, or a cyclic polyolefin resin, and has a concave reflection.
- a thermoplastic resin film represented by a polyester resin, an acrylic resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polyamide resin, a polyarylate resin, or a cyclic polyolefin resin
- shaping by hot press molding or shaping with a photocurable resin is suitably used.
- embossing of a thermoplastic resin film represented by polycarbonate, polyester, polyarylate or the like with a heating roll is suitable from the viewpoint of productivity.
- the rigidity is insufficient, and the sheet may be bent.
- the surface of the thermoplastic resin film (the surface opposite to the surface on which the reflective surface is formed) is typified by an adhesive 45, such as biaxially oriented polyester or biaxially oriented polypropylene. It is preferable that the stretched film 46 be laminated to have a structure to secure necessary rigidity.
- the bonding of the substrate 20, that is, the thermoplastic resin film and the stretched film 46 may be performed by fusion instead of the adhesive 45.
- a light reflecting sheet 18 can be used as an image projection screen of a projector device or the like.
- this light reflection sheet when used as an image projection screen, only light components contributing to display from the projector device are projected toward the observer, and external light from windows is not reflected on the screen.
- it is possible to obtain an extremely high-contrast image without having to darken the room and project an image, thereby obtaining a more practical screen.
- it is extremely suitable for exhibition use in showrooms, projection use in airplanes, etc., and can provide clear display images even in a bright environment.
- the liquid crystal display device utilizes the electro-optic effect of liquid crystal molecules, that is, optical anisotropy (refractive index anisotropy), orientation, and the like, and applies an electric field or energizes an arbitrary display unit.
- a liquid crystal cell which is an array of optical shutters, is driven by changing the alignment state of liquid crystal and changing the light transmittance and reflectance.
- transmissive simple matrix drive super twisted nematic mode transmissive active matrix drive twisted nematic mode
- transmissive active matrix drive in-plane switching mode transmissive active matrix drive
- a liquid crystal display device such as a multi-domain arch-aligned mode may be used.
- the surface light source device of the present invention is used as a pack light source for these liquid crystal display elements.
- the effect of the surface light source device using the light reflecting sheet described above can be reduced in thickness (fewer sheets), image quality can be improved, especially with less bright lines, and the structure can be simplified and the assemblability can be improved.
- a liquid crystal display device having a high yield and a reduced cost can be obtained.
- a wedge-shaped acrylic resin is used as the light guide 11 in the short side direction of 3.50.0 X 28.5 Omm, a thick portion 2.6 mm, and a thin portion 0.6 mm.
- a linear light source 13 composed of a cold-cathode tube is arranged on the long side of the thick side, and a protrusion with a triangular cross section 2 whose pitch gradually narrows as it moves away from the linear light source 13 3 was provided.
- the light guide 11 provided with triangular projections 23 is used to mold a mirror-polished mold that has been cut with a diamond byte. Was obtained by molding.
- the vertex angle of the triangular cross section of the projection 23 is 30 degrees, the projection amount of the projection 23 is 35. ⁇ , and as shown in FIG.
- the projection 23 of the triangular cross section is
- the light-reflecting sheet 18 is provided on the side of the light-reflecting sheet 18, and the light emitted from the light guide 11 is almost directed to the light-reflecting sheet 18. Due to the effect of the projections having a triangular cross section as the light extraction mechanism 21, 77% of the luminous flux emitted from the light guide 11 is emitted to the side of the light reflection sheet 18, which is suitable for the present invention.
- a light body was obtained.
- the light reflecting sheet has a linear and flat inclined reflecting surface 19 a having a shape shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) and a ridge line 19 b arranged in parallel.
- a light reflection sheet 18 was used.
- the pitch is set to 220 ⁇ m, and a silver sputtering layer is used for the reflection layer, and the surface of the silver sputtering layer is coated with acryl resin.
- the inclined reflecting surface 1 9a has an inclination angle of 24 degrees, and a light guide 1 1 obtained by a light extraction mechanism 21 composed of a projection having a triangular cross section. The light emitted from the light-emitting sheet 18 to the side of the light-reflecting sheet 18 was changed in direction by the light-reflecting sheet 18 to obtain an optical system in which the light was emitted in the direction of the normal 17 of the light guide 11.
- a cold cathode tube with a tube diameter of 2.2 mm is used as the light source 13 and is lit at a high frequency via an inverter.Acrylic beam with a haze of 47.2% is provided just above the light exit surface 15 of the light guide 11.
- a light diffusion sheet obtained by coating was provided to obtain a surface light source device. With a tube current of 6 mA, the average luminance at 25 points in the plane was measured using a luminance measurement device (Topcom, BM-7). As a result, an average luminance of 1,580 nits was obtained. It was confirmed that the optical characteristics were sufficient for practical use as a backlight light source for panels.
- the prism sheet normally provided is not used, there is little contamination of dust between the sheets, and the assembling property is also good.
- the light guide 11 has a thickness of 20.0 x 19.0 mm, a thickness of 2 mm near the light source 13, and a thickness of 0.6 mm at the position farthest from the light source 13.
- a linear light source 13 consisting of a cold cathode tube was disposed on a thick part using an acrylic plate with a shape, and patterning was performed so that the arrangement density became relatively larger as the distance from the linear light source 13 increased.
- a convex projection 22 having a square opening shape was formed on the light guide 11. The depth h of the projection 22 is 30. ⁇ , and the opening width Wmin of the projection 22 is 35. ⁇ .
- the mold used to form the convex protrusions 22 is formed by laminating a dry finolem resist having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m on glass ⁇ , forming a pattern by photolithography, and performing patterning with the dry film resist. Electrodes are vapor-deposited on the applied glass plate, and this is obtained as a master by a nickel electrode.
- the convex protrusion 22 as the light extraction mechanism 21 of the light guide 11 is provided on the side where the light reflecting sheet 18 is provided, and the convex protrusion 22 having the above-described shape is referred to as the light extraction mechanism 21.
- the light reflecting sheet 18 is provided with a parallel linear and flat inclined reflecting surface 19 a having the shape shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B and ridge lines 19 b arranged in parallel.
- a light reflection sheet 18 of 9 was used.
- the pitch of the basic cut 19 was 100 m, and the base sheet on which the parallel linear and flat inclined reflecting surface was formed was made of polyester and the inclined reflecting surface was processed by a mold. Later, the surface was roughened by sandplast, and silver vapor deposition was performed to form a reflective layer.
- the angle of inclination ⁇ of the inclined reflecting surface is set to 25 degrees, and the light emitted from the light guide 11 obtained by the light extraction mechanism 21 composed of the convex projections 22 to the light reflection sheet 18 side 28 was changed in direction by a light reflection sheet 18 to obtain an optical system in which a light beam 28 was emitted in the direction of the normal line 17 of the light guide 11.
- a cold cathode tube with a tube diameter of 2.0 mm was used for the light source 13, which was lit at a high frequency via an inverter.Acryl beads with a haze of 45% were placed just above the light exit surface 15 of the light guide 11.
- the light diffusion sheet obtained by coating was provided to obtain a surface light source device.
- the surface of the light reflecting sheet is roughened by sandblasting, there is no glare in the emitted light in a specific direction, and the quality of the illuminating light is extremely excellent as a backlight source for a liquid crystal display panel. there were.
- the light extraction mechanism 21 is composed of a projection 27 with a mountain-shaped cross section as shown in Fig. 25, which is arranged so that the pitch P gradually decreases as the distance from the corner where the It was provided on the light emitting surface 15 side of the body 11.
- the peak angle 0 of the projection 27 is 150 degrees, and the width of the bottom of the projection 27 is 70 m.
- the maximum diameter of the concave mirror section is 70 ⁇ m, and a silver sputtering layer is used for the reflection layer, and the surface of the silver sputtering layer is coated with acryl resin containing beads.
- the inclination angle ⁇ of the inclined reflection surface 19 a is set to 18 degrees, and the light reflection obtained by the light extraction mechanism 21 formed of a projection having a mountain-shaped cross section provided on the light emission surface 15 side of the light guide 11.
- the light ⁇ emitted to the sheet 18 side was changed in direction by the light reflection sheet 18 to obtain an optical system in which output light was emitted in the direction of the normal 17 of the light guide 11.
- the light source 13 uses a chip-type white LED with an outer shape of 2.0 X 3.0 X 1.
- a parallel linear inclined reflecting surface 19a in which ridge lines are arranged in parallel is used as a basic unit 19, and a light reflecting sheet 18 having a concave cross-sectional shape of the basic unit 19 is used.
- a surface light source device was obtained. Due to the effect of the inclined reflecting surface having a concave cross section, the light emitted to the light reflecting sheet side is deflected in the direction of the normal line 17 of the light guide 11 and condensed at the same time. Compared to Example 1, it increased to 176 9 nit. The practicality as a surface light source device is extremely high as in Example 1.
- the opening shape is formed by patterning so that the length becomes relatively large in one axis direction as the distance from the linear light source increases. Formed an elliptical convex projection 20a on the light guide 11.
- FIG. 30 shows an enlarged view of the projection 22.
- the depth h of the projection 22 is 50 . ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , and the minimum opening width Wmin of the projection 22 when viewed in a cross section in a direction perpendicular to the linear light source is 55. O ⁇ . m.
- the mold used to form the convex projections 22 is formed by laminating a Drift and film resist having a thickness of 50 im on a glass plate, forming a pattern by photolithography, and forming the pattern using the dry film resist. Electrodes are deposited on a patterned glass plate, and this is used as a master by nickel electrode. On the side of the light guide 1 1 where the light extraction mechanism 21 composed of the convex protrusions 22 is not provided, as shown in FIG.
- a prism array 34 having an angle of 90 degrees and a pitch of 50 IX m is formed, and the ridge line of the prism array 34 is arranged to be perpendicular to the side end 12 where the linear light source 13 is provided.
- the convex protrusion 22 as the light extraction mechanism 21 of the light guide 11 is provided on the side where the light reflecting sheet 18 is provided, and the convex protrusion 22 having the above-described shape is referred to as the light extraction mechanism 21.
- a light reflecting sheet 18 having a shape shown in Fig. 6 and a parallel linear inclined reflecting surface 19a having ridge lines arranged in parallel as a basic cut 19 is used.
- the pitch is 0.100 m.
- a silver sputtering layer is used for the reflection layer (surface), and the surface of the silver sputtering layer is coated with acryl resin.
- the inclination angle ⁇ of the inclined reflecting surface 19 a is set to 27 degrees, and the light is emitted from the light guide 11 obtained by the light extraction mechanism 21 composed of the convex projections 22 to the side of the light reflection sheet 18.
- the direction of the emitted light was changed by the light reflection sheet 18 to obtain an optical system that emitted the light in the normal direction of the light guide 11.
- a cold cathode tube with a tube diameter of 2.0 mm was used for the light source 13, which was lit at a high frequency via an inverter.Acrylic beads with a haze of 4 2% were provided just above the light exit surface 15 of the light guide 11.
- the light diffusion sheet 47 obtained by coating was provided to obtain a surface light source device.
- the tube current was set to 6 mA, and the average luminance at 25 points in the plane was measured using a luminance measuring device (Topcom, BM-7). As a result, an average luminance of 1,820 nits was obtained. In both cases, it was confirmed that the optical characteristics were sufficient for practical use as a backlight source for liquid crystal display panels.
- FIG. 31 (b) shows an enlarged view of the convex protrusion 22.
- the depth h of the projection 22 is 27.0 Aim, and the minimum opening width Wmin of the projection 22 when viewed in a cross section in a direction perpendicular to the linear light source 13 is 3 1 .0 ⁇ m.
- the mold used to form the convex protrusions 22 was formed by depositing an electrode on a glass plate that had been patterned with dry film resist and using this as a master to form nickel. Obtained by electrode.
- a vertex angle of 90 degrees and a pitch of 50 m are provided in order to further enhance the light collecting property of the light guide 11.
- a prism array 34 is formed, and the ridge line of the prism array is arranged to be perpendicular to the side end where the white LED light source is arranged.
- the convex protrusion 22 as the light extraction mechanism 21 of the light guide 11 is provided on the side where the light reflecting sheet 18 is provided, and the convex protrusion 22 having the above-described shape is referred to as the light extraction mechanism 21.
- a light guide suitable for use in the present invention in which 72% of the light flux emitted from the light guide 11 is emitted toward the light reflection sheet 18, was obtained.
- a light reflecting sheet 18 having a basic unit 19 having a concave mirror-like reflecting surface 19 a having the shape shown in FIG. 9 was used as the light reflecting sheet 18.
- the maximum diameter of the concave mirror is 70 m.
- a silver sputtering layer is used for the reflective layer (surface), and the surface of this silver sputtering layer is coated with acryl resin containing beads.
- the inclined reflection surface 19a has an inclination angle of 24 degrees, and is emitted from the light guide 11 obtained by the light extraction mechanism 21 composed of the convex projections 22 to the light reflection sheet 18 side.
- the direction of the light beam was changed by the light reflection sheet 18 to obtain an optical system that emitted the light beam in the normal direction of the light guide 11.
- the light source used was a chip-type white LED with an external shape of 2.0 X 3.0 X 1.6 mm.
- the LED was turned on at a DC voltage of 3.3 V, and a surface light source device using a white LED as the light source was obtained. .
- Luminance measuring apparatus (Topukomu Ltd., BM- 7) As a result of measuring the average luminance of the five points in a plane with the average luminance 4 3 0 nit is obtained, 'brightness performance Oyohi; both luminance unevenness, portable liquid It was confirmed that the optical characteristics were sufficient for practical use as a backlight light source for crystal display panels. In addition, since a commonly used prism sheet is not used, the assemblability is extremely good, and since there is no extra sheet, a thin and lightweight surface light source device can be obtained.
- the effect of the acrylic beads coated on the surface of the light reflection sheet 18 has improved the glare of the illumination light, so that even if a liquid crystal panel is disposed directly above the light guide 11, it can withstand practical use.
- a surface light source device having a simple structure was obtained.
- Example 7 In the surface light source device described in Example 5, the patterning was changed to a patterning shape shown in FIG. 20 in which the distribution density increased as the convex protrusions 22 of the same shape became farther from the linear light source 13.
- the protrusion h is 50 ⁇
- the minimum opening width Wmin is 55 win
- the maximum opening width Wmax is 55 m. I have.
- the ability to selectively emit light toward the light reflecting sheet 18 is increased as shown in FIG. 32 (c), and the luminous flux emitted from the light guide 11 is increased.
- a very suitable light guide for use in the present invention was obtained, in which 88% of the light was emitted to the light reflection sheet 18 side.
- the average luminance of 25 points in the plane was 2150 n1t, and the practicality as a surface light source device was extremely high as in Example 2.
- the surface light source device of the present invention can be suitably used as a backlight optical system in a liquid crystal display device such as a monitor for a personal computer or a thin TV.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01947933A EP1215526A4 (en) | 2000-07-11 | 2001-07-09 | SURFACE LIGHT SOURCE DEVICE |
KR1020027003233A KR20020041431A (ko) | 2000-07-11 | 2001-07-09 | 면 광원 장치 |
US10/093,416 US6827458B2 (en) | 2000-07-11 | 2002-03-11 | Planar light source device |
Applications Claiming Priority (14)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000209914 | 2000-07-11 | ||
JP2000-209914 | 2000-07-11 | ||
JP2000240336 | 2000-08-08 | ||
JP2000240338 | 2000-08-08 | ||
JP2000-240338 | 2000-08-08 | ||
JP2000-240337 | 2000-08-08 | ||
JP2000-240336 | 2000-08-08 | ||
JP2000240337 | 2000-08-08 | ||
JP2000320471 | 2000-10-20 | ||
JP2000-320471 | 2000-10-20 | ||
JP2000354497 | 2000-11-21 | ||
JP2000-354497 | 2000-11-21 | ||
JP2001-52650 | 2001-02-27 | ||
JP2001052650A JP2002258022A (ja) | 2001-02-27 | 2001-02-27 | 光反射シート及びこれを用いた面光源装置と液晶ディスプレイ装置 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/093,416 Continuation US6827458B2 (en) | 2000-07-11 | 2002-03-11 | Planar light source device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002005022A1 true WO2002005022A1 (fr) | 2002-01-17 |
Family
ID=27566982
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2001/005946 WO2002005022A1 (fr) | 2000-07-11 | 2001-07-09 | Dispositif a source de lumiere en surface |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6827458B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1215526A4 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20020041431A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002005022A1 (ja) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH1152370A (ja) * | 1997-07-31 | 1999-02-26 | Hitachi Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
JPH11231315A (ja) * | 1998-02-16 | 1999-08-27 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 面光源装置 |
JPH11258602A (ja) * | 1998-03-06 | 1999-09-24 | Enplas Corp | サイドライト型面光源装置及び液晶表示装置 |
JPH10247062A (ja) * | 1998-03-12 | 1998-09-14 | Seiko Epson Corp | 表示装置 |
JPH11326898A (ja) * | 1998-05-11 | 1999-11-26 | Toshiba Corp | 反射型液晶表示装置 |
JP2000147264A (ja) * | 1998-11-05 | 2000-05-26 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | 調光シート及びそれを用いた面光源装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP1215526A4 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100531588B1 (ko) * | 2001-07-27 | 2005-11-28 | 알프스 덴키 가부시키가이샤 | 면발광장치 및 액정표시장치 |
WO2005019880A1 (ja) * | 2003-08-22 | 2005-03-03 | Tsujiden Co., Ltd. | バックライト用の反射フイルム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20020041431A (ko) | 2002-06-01 |
EP1215526A4 (en) | 2005-11-30 |
US20020135996A1 (en) | 2002-09-26 |
US6827458B2 (en) | 2004-12-07 |
EP1215526A1 (en) | 2002-06-19 |
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