WO2001070016A1 - Animaux a forte production d'histamine - Google Patents
Animaux a forte production d'histamine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001070016A1 WO2001070016A1 PCT/JP2001/002363 JP0102363W WO0170016A1 WO 2001070016 A1 WO2001070016 A1 WO 2001070016A1 JP 0102363 W JP0102363 W JP 0102363W WO 0170016 A1 WO0170016 A1 WO 0170016A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- histamine
- hdc
- animal
- animals
- mouse
- Prior art date
Links
- NTYJJOPFIAHURM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Histamine Chemical compound NCCC1=CN=CN1 NTYJJOPFIAHURM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 229960001340 histamine Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 108010014095 Histidine decarboxylase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 102100037095 Histidine decarboxylase Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 108091033319 polynucleotide Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002157 polynucleotide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 102000040430 polynucleotide Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 210000000349 chromosome Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 210000001082 somatic cell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 7
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005868 ontogenesis Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 108700019146 Transgenes Proteins 0.000 description 15
- 238000011830 transgenic mouse model Methods 0.000 description 11
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 10
- 239000002299 complementary DNA Substances 0.000 description 10
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 241000699660 Mus musculus Species 0.000 description 7
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 230000009261 transgenic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 6
- 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 description 5
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-histidine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229960002885 histidine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 101001041289 Mus musculus Histidine decarboxylase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N histidine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 108700028146 Genetic Enhancer Elements Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 208000007107 Stomach Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000005917 gastric ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000520 microinjection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003101 oviduct Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229940126585 therapeutic drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102000007469 Actins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010085238 Actins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010002198 Anaphylactic reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000004031 Carboxy-Lyases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000489 Carboxy-Lyases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108020004705 Codon Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108020004635 Complementary DNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000003155 DNA primer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101150001829 HDC gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108020005187 Oligonucleotide Probes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001041291 Rattus norvegicus Histidine decarboxylase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091028664 Ribonucleotide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000024780 Urticaria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000026935 allergic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007815 allergy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036783 anaphylactic response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000003455 anaphylaxis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940088623 biologically active substance Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003710 cerebral cortex Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004748 cultured cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004051 gastric juice Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001156 gastric mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001259 mesencephalon Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002773 nucleotide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002751 oligonucleotide probe Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000287 oocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002018 overexpression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013600 plasmid vector Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108091008146 restriction endonucleases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000003757 reverse transcription PCR Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002336 ribonucleotide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002652 ribonucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001890 transfection Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
- C12N15/85—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for animal cells
- C12N15/8509—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for animal cells for producing genetically modified animals, e.g. transgenic
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/027—New or modified breeds of vertebrates
- A01K67/0275—Genetically modified vertebrates, e.g. transgenic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/88—Lyases (4.)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y401/00—Carbon-carbon lyases (4.1)
- C12Y401/01—Carboxy-lyases (4.1.1)
- C12Y401/01022—Histidine decarboxylase (4.1.1.22)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K2217/00—Genetically modified animals
- A01K2217/05—Animals comprising random inserted nucleic acids (transgenic)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K2227/00—Animals characterised by species
- A01K2227/10—Mammal
- A01K2227/105—Murine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K2267/00—Animals characterised by purpose
- A01K2267/03—Animal model, e.g. for test or diseases
Definitions
- the invention of this application relates to a histamine-producing animal. More specifically, the invention of this application relates to a transgenic animal in which an exogenous histamine synthase gene has been introduced into a somatic cell chromosome, and relates to an individual animal that produces histamine excessively in the body.
- Histamine is a type of biologically active substance that acts in the living body (a kind of codon ⁇ autacoids). In the living body, histamine is widely distributed in the skin, lungs, digestive tract, etc. It is released during regi and anaphylaxis and is involved in the development of urticaria-inflammation and blood changes. In gastric mucosa, it is also known to be involved in the development of gastric ulcer because it is present in enterochromin cells and plays an important role in promoting secretion of gastric juice. As described above, histamine is involved in various diseases and physical condition changes in humans, and elucidation of the mechanism of its action is indispensable for the development of therapeutic methods and therapeutic agents for histamine-related diseases and the like.
- the present invention relates to a non-human animal obtained by ontogenizing a totipotent cell into which a polynucleotide encoding histidine decarboxylase has been introduced and an offspring of the same, as an invention for solving the above-mentioned problems. And a histamine-producing animal having the polynucleotide in a cell chromosome and producing histamine at a high level in somatic cells.
- the non-human animal is a mouse.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a gene transfer vector used in Examples.
- Figure 2 shows the results of Southern analysis confirming the presence of the transgene.
- Figure 3 shows the results of confirming the expression of the transgene in the Northern analysis.
- the transgenic animal of the present invention is prepared according to a known transgenic animal production method (for example, Proc. Natl. Acad. Scl. USA 77: 7380-7384, 1980). be able to. That is, a polynucleotide encoding a histidine decarboxylase (L-Histidine decarboxylase: HDC) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a “transgene”) is introduced into a totipotent cell of a non-human animal.
- a transgenic animal of interest can be produced by generating an individual and selecting an individual in which the transgene has been incorporated into the somatic cell genome.
- the transgene is a DNA fragment containing a polynucleotide encoding HDC.
- polynucleotides include known mouse HDC cDNA (FEBS Lett. 276: 214-218, 1990) and rat HDC cDNA (Pro. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 733-737, 1990). Can be used.
- HDC cDNA of origin can also be obtained.
- a promoter sequence and a enhancer sequence for controlling its expression are linked to the introduced gene. By selecting this promoter sequence, HDC can be expressed systemically or selectively in specific tissues.
- Such a transgene can be constructed by inserting and linking the polynucleotide ⁇ promoter Z enhancer sequence to a circular vector DNA so as to be in a positional relationship effective for regulating the expression of the transgene. it can.
- the cells After opening and linearizing, the cells are introduced into totipotent cells.
- a totipotent cell into which a gene is introduced in the case of a mouse, a fertilized egg or an early embryo can be used.
- the physical injection (microinjection) method of DNA is the best method for introducing genes into cultured cells, considering the yield rate of transgenic animals and the efficiency of transgene transfer to the next generation. .
- the fertilized egg into which the gene has been injected is then transplanted into the fallopian oviduct, and the animals that have developed and bred to the individual are fostered and reared, and then a part of the body (in the case of mice, for example, the tail Extract the DNA from the tip and confirm the presence of the transgene by Southern analysis or PCR. If the individual in which the presence of the transgene is confirmed is the first generation (Founder), the transgene is transmitted to 50% of its offspring (F1). Furthermore, by crossing this F1 individual with a wild-type animal or another F1 animal, an individual (F2) having a transgene in one (heterozygous) or both (homozygous) diploid chromosomes is created. be able to.
- the transgenic animals thus produced overexpress foreign HDC in all somatic cells or specific tissues, and as a result produce high levels of histamine.
- the transformer Jie nick animals by producing histamine at a high level, since this c exhibiting various symptoms of the disease histamine are involved (allergy and gastric ulcer), for the development of therapeutic drugs and therapy for these diseases Useful as an animal model for Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail and specifically with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
- Example Example 1 Creation of a mouse producing high histamine.
- a mouse cDNA library was screened using a human ribonucleotide probe synthesized based on the cDNA sequence of mouse HDC (FEBS Lett. 276: 214-218, 1990). I got This cDNA was inserted into a plasmid vector, pCAGGS, to construct an introduction vector pCAGGS-HDC (FIG. 1).
- the HDC cDNA is placed under the control of the nitrile gamma actin promoter, and the HDC cDNA is expressed in various tissues of transgenic mice.
- This gene transfer vector was digested with restriction enzymes Sail and Hindlll to remove a fragment of the vector to make it linear, and then injected into a fertilized oocyte of a BDF1 mouse by microinjection.
- the transgenic fertilized eggs were turned into fine oviducts as described above, developed into individuals, and born.
- transgenic mice were selected by Southern analysis according to a standard method using a ligated nucleotide fragment consisting of a partial sequence of mouse HDC cDNA as a probe. . The results are as shown in FIG.
- Example 2 Measurement of the amount of histamine in transgenic mice
- the amount of histamine and HDC activity in various organs were measured.
- the amount of histamine was measured according to a known method combining high performance liquid chromatography and fluorescence measurement ( ⁇ Chromatog, 344: 115-123, 1985). That is, each tissue was crushed with a homogenizer X, treated with perchloric acid, centrifuged, a part of the supernatant was separated by high performance liquid chromatography, and the fluorescent dye 0-phthalaldehyde was added under alkaline conditions.
- the amount of histamine was measured using the fluorescence intensity of the reaction product as an index.
- HDC activity was measured by a histamine synthesis reaction using histidine as a substrate, according to a known method ( ⁇ Blochem. 107: 834-839, 1990). That is, each organ was crushed by sonication in a buffer for HDC reaction, and the crushed product was centrifuged. Then, the supernatant was separated and dialyzed overnight against a buffer for HDC reaction. After dialysis, histidine was added as a substrate, and histamine produced by reacting at 37 ° C. for 2 hours was measured by the above-mentioned method to determine the amount of HDC activity.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01915743A EP1269836A4 (en) | 2000-03-23 | 2001-03-23 | ANIMALS WITH HIGH PRODUCTION OF HISTAMINE |
US10/239,223 US7094947B2 (en) | 2000-03-23 | 2001-03-23 | Animals with high histamine productivity |
US11/494,495 US20060265772A1 (en) | 2000-03-23 | 2006-07-28 | Histamine hyperproductive animal |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000-82953 | 2000-03-23 | ||
JP2000082953A JP2002084923A (ja) | 2000-03-23 | 2000-03-23 | ヒスタミン高産生動物 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/494,495 Division US20060265772A1 (en) | 2000-03-23 | 2006-07-28 | Histamine hyperproductive animal |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001070016A1 true WO2001070016A1 (fr) | 2001-09-27 |
Family
ID=18599685
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2001/002363 WO2001070016A1 (fr) | 2000-03-23 | 2001-03-23 | Animaux a forte production d'histamine |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7094947B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1269836A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2002084923A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2001070016A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002084923A (ja) * | 2000-03-23 | 2002-03-26 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | ヒスタミン高産生動物 |
CA3097567A1 (en) | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-24 | Zymergen, Inc. | Engineered biosynthetic pathways for production of histamine by fermentation |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH09172908A (ja) * | 1995-12-22 | 1997-07-08 | Hoechst Japan Ltd | インターロイキン1関連疾患モデルトランスジェニック動物 |
JP2002084923A (ja) * | 2000-03-23 | 2002-03-26 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | ヒスタミン高産生動物 |
-
2000
- 2000-03-23 JP JP2000082953A patent/JP2002084923A/ja active Pending
-
2001
- 2001-03-23 US US10/239,223 patent/US7094947B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-03-23 EP EP01915743A patent/EP1269836A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-03-23 WO PCT/JP2001/002363 patent/WO2001070016A1/ja active Application Filing
-
2006
- 2006-07-28 US US11/494,495 patent/US20060265772A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (6)
Title |
---|
D.R. JOSEPH ET AL.: "Characterization and expression of the complementary DNA encoding rat histidine decarboxylase", PROC. NATL. ACAD. SCI. USA, vol. 87, 1990, pages 733 - 737, XP002942082 * |
H. NAGAI ET AL.: "Effect of Overproduction of Interleukin 5 on Dinitrofluorobenzene-Induced Allergic Cataneous Response in Mice", J. PHARMACOL. EXP. THERAP., vol. 288, no. 1, 1990, pages 43 - 50, XP002942084 * |
KIM,H.M. ET AL.: "Inhibition of mast cell-dependent anaphylaxis by sodium salicylate", IMMUNOLOGY, vol. 96, 1999, pages 551 - 556, XP002942086 * |
S. ISHIGAKI ET AL.: "The Mouse L-Histidine Decarboxylase Gene: Structure and Transcriptional Regulation by CpG methylation in the Promoter Region.", JPN. J. PHARMACOL., vol. 82, no. SUPPL. 1, 1 March 2000 (2000-03-01), pages 113P - 0-286, XP002942083 * |
See also references of EP1269836A4 * |
T. WATANABE ET AL., FOLIA. PHARMACOL. JPN., vol. 106, no. SUPPL. 1, 1995, pages 14P - 19P, XP002942085 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1269836A1 (en) | 2003-01-02 |
US20060265772A1 (en) | 2006-11-23 |
EP1269836A4 (en) | 2005-09-21 |
JP2002084923A (ja) | 2002-03-26 |
US7094947B2 (en) | 2006-08-22 |
US20050005315A1 (en) | 2005-01-06 |
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