WO2001048864A1 - Kraftfahrzeug-radarsystem - Google Patents
Kraftfahrzeug-radarsystem Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001048864A1 WO2001048864A1 PCT/DE2000/002697 DE0002697W WO0148864A1 WO 2001048864 A1 WO2001048864 A1 WO 2001048864A1 DE 0002697 W DE0002697 W DE 0002697W WO 0148864 A1 WO0148864 A1 WO 0148864A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- motor vehicle
- radar system
- vehicle radar
- voltage
- electrical
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
- H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/02—Arrangements for de-icing; Arrangements for drying-out ; Arrangements for cooling; Arrangements for preventing corrosion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
- H01Q1/425—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome comprising a metallic grid
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
- H01Q19/062—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens for focusing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a motor vehicle radar system according to the preamble of the main claim.
- Such motor vehicle radar systems are used for example in the context of an automatic speed control of a vehicle for the detection of vehicles in front.
- a generic system is also referred to as adaptive cruise control (ACC).
- ACC adaptive cruise control
- a body is usually located in the beam path of the electromagnetic waves in order to influence the electromagnetic waves used and sometimes also to protect the radar system from the weather. This body is often part of a housing that surrounds such a motor vehicle radar system.
- DE 197 36 089 Cl describes a metal plate lens which is used for focusing or scattering electromagnetic waves.
- the metal plate lens described is preferably used in a motor vehicle radar system.
- DE 197 36 089 Cl is based on the problem that it results from the special operating conditions in the context of a radar system for automatic distance warning on a motor vehicle, that a deposit of deposits, especially snow or slush, takes place on the lens. Such coatings significantly dampen electromagnetic waves passing through the lens, which can ultimately even lead to total failure of the radar system.
- a contact is present in at least one of the metal plates, by means of which a heating current can be supplied to the metal plate.
- the said metal plate can be connected in an electrically conductive manner to further metal plates of the lens, so that a heating current supplied also flows through the further metal plates.
- the metal plate mentioned and the further metal plates can be connected to one another in series, in parallel or in another switchable combination. So that the metal plate lens can also serve as a weatherproof cover for the actual motor vehicle radar system, the space between the metal plates of the metal plate lens is filled with a solid or foamed dielectric.
- the metal plates, to which a heating current can be supplied have a partial area which has an increased specific ohmic resistance compared to copper. This specific ohmic resistance increases the power loss, which results in a higher heating power and thus in a stronger heating of the antenna lens.
- DE 196 44 164 C2 describes a motor vehicle radar system with at least one transmitting / receiving element for transmitting and / or receiving electromagnetic waves, a lens-shaped dielectric body in the beam path of the at least one transmitting / receiving element for focusing or scattering the electromagnetic waves is known.
- the lenticular dielectric body which also precedes the transmitting / receiving element
- Protects weather influences has an arrangement of electrically conductive tracks, the width of which is a maximum of lambda tenths and whose distances from one another are at least lambda quarters, where lambda denotes the free space wavelength of the electromagnetic waves.
- the electrically conductive tracks are predominantly arranged perpendicular to the direction of polarization of the electromagnetic waves.
- the arrangement of electrically conductive tracks can, depending on the desired application, be arranged on the inside of the dielectric body, ie on the side facing the transmitting / receiving elements, on the outside or also inside the dielectric body. If a heating current flows through the electrically conductive arrangement, deposits such as ice, snow or slush can be removed from the dielectric body in this way.
- the dielectric body can likewise be dried or kept dry with the aid of a heating current. It is further disclosed that it is possible to subdivide the electrically conductive arrangement into at least two separate parts. If, in this constellation, the arrangement of electrically conductive tracks is on the outside of the dielectric body, a so-called loss angle tan ⁇ of the covering material can be inferred from the measurement of the capacitance between the two separate parts of the arrangement. In other words, contamination of the dielectric body can be determined. A heating current that flows through the electrically conductive arrangement can be switched on as a function of this ascertained contamination or a ascertained dirt deposit.
- the heat output can be varied by dividing it into at least two areas, for example for rapid heating of an ice-covered lens a high heat output and then keeping the lens clear with a reduced heat output.
- DE 196 44 164 C2 it is also known that the electrical conductor tracks are applied to a ceramic body using known thick-film technology, whereas known, inexpensive methods for printing the electrical conductor tracks can also be used in plastic bodies.
- a heatable antenna lens made of a dielectric body is described, which has an arrangement of electrical conductor tracks therein.
- the arrangement of electrically conductive tracks is located as close as possible to the outer surface of the lens to be heated, which results in a reduction in the heating power due to the introduction of energy just below the surface to be heated. This also results in an accelerated heating behavior. It is further described that easy adaptability of the heating power can be achieved by using wires with a desired resistance behavior. This can be a resistance wire, for example.
- Both DE 197 36 089 Cl and DE 196 44 164 C2 as well as DE 197 24 320 AI describe various options for removing deposits from ice, snow or slush on a motor vehicle radar system.
- the first two documents disclose the possibility of regulating the heating power either by interconnecting metal plates in various combinations or by combining at least two electrically conductive arrangements for regulating the heating power accordingly.
- DE 197 24 320 AI only discloses the possibility of heating power by adjusting wires with a desired resistance behavior.
- the convection on the surface of the radar system leads to a strong cooling of the surface in the aforementioned systems.
- temperatures can form on the surface of the radar system that are close to freezing point despite the maximum heating output being switched on.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a motor vehicle radar system which is better adapted to the ambient conditions.
- This object is achieved in that in a motor vehicle radar system with at least one sensor-radiation-permeable body for focusing the sensor radiation and / or a radome without intentional focusing in the beam path, at least one arrangement of electrical conductor tracks being arranged in the region of the sensor-radiation-permeable body and / or the radome which is at least suitable for heating the sensor-radiolucent body and / or the radome, wherein electrical power can be supplied to the electrical conductor tracks, power control of the supplied electrical power being carried out as a function of operating conditions and ambient conditions such that the surface temperature of the sensor-radiolucent body and / or the radome does not exceed certain temperature values.
- the body which is permeable to sensor radiation is advantageously a dielectric lens, as a result of which a particularly compact design is made possible.
- the motor vehicle radar system according to the invention offers the advantage over the systems known from the prior art that power control of the supplied electrical power is carried out, which is made dependent not only on a possibly detected degree of contamination but rather on operating conditions and ambient conditions.
- the power control according to the invention is designed such that the surface temperature of the body which is permeable to sensor radiation and / or of the radome does not exceed certain temperature values. This prevents the body that is permeable to sensor radiation and / or the radome from being damaged by impermissibly high temperature values.
- the preferred embodiment of the motor vehicle radar system provides that the power control takes place in that a voltage which drops across the electrical conductor tracks is not constant over time.
- the voltage is a basic voltage clocked with a certain duty cycle via a switch.
- the operating voltage of the vehicle electrical system is advantageously used as the basic voltage.
- This embodiment of the power control according to the invention offers the advantage that, on the one hand, the temporal mean value of the electrical power supplied can be precisely controlled via a predetermined duty cycle, and that. secondly, the operating voltage is used as the clocked basic voltage, which is permanently available in the vehicle electrical system without further transformation or conversion.
- the voltage is dependent on at least one of the following operating conditions and / or one of the following environmental conditions: 1. operating voltage of the vehicle electrical system,
- the voltage which drops across the electrical conductor tracks is adapted in a particularly advantageous manner to the operating conditions and / or ambient conditions. It is furthermore advantageous if at least one of the aforementioned variables is available on an in-vehicle bus system, for example the CA bus, since in this way it is possible to use measurement variables that are already present within the vehicle system, and thereby no additional measurement data and / or sensors are required.
- an in-vehicle bus system for example the CA bus
- the determination of the above-mentioned duty cycle can be carried out by a control device, wherein a memory can advantageously be present in the control device, in which a map can be stored.
- a memory can advantageously be present in the control device, in which a map can be stored.
- the operating voltage of the vehicle electrical system is also provided via an analog-to-digital converter, which can be integrated together with the control unit in a radar system control unit.
- an analog-to-digital converter which can be integrated together with the control unit in a radar system control unit.
- a particularly advantageous embodiment of the motor vehicle radar system provides that the arrangement of electrical conductor tracks is dimensioned in such a way that the electrical resistance of the electrical conductor tracks is so small that a permanent duty cycle of 1 results in a multiple of the actually permitted heating power.
- the electrical conductor tracks are designed from their electrical resistance in such a way that continuous operation with maximum basic voltage or operating voltage of the vehicle electrical system would lead to an impermissibly high heating power and thus to destruction of the motor vehicle radar system.
- This type of design of the electrical conductor tracks makes it possible to supply the motor vehicle radar system with short-term services that would lead to destruction if used continuously. This results in an accelerated, particularly advantageous heating behavior of the motor vehicle radar system.
- the arrangement of the electrical conductor tracks consists of a ferromagnetic material.
- a ferromagnetic material offers the advantage that the positive temperature coefficient of the material provides self-protection against overheating of the motor vehicle radar system.
- ferromagnetic material in particular in the case of a git-shaped arrangement, has the advantage that low-frequency interference radiation is suppressed particularly well. This can affect both the entry and the exit of interference radiation.
- FIG. 1 shows the basic structure of a motor vehicle radar system, as is known from the prior art
- FIG. 3 shows examples of power control as a function of the outside temperature and the vehicle's own speed
- FIG. 4 shows possible temperature profiles on the outer surface of a motor vehicle radar system depending on the outside temperature and the vehicle's own speed, temperature profiles corresponding to the prior art being shown here.
- FIG. 5 shows various courses of the duty cycle of a motor vehicle radar system according to the invention as a function of the outside temperature and the vehicle's own speed and
- FIG. 6 shows possible temperature profiles on the outer surface of a motor vehicle radar system according to the invention as a function of the outside temperature and the vehicle's own speed.
- FIG. 1 shows the basic structure of a motor vehicle radar system, as is already known from the prior art.
- the external dimensions of the motor vehicle radar system are determined by a housing 1 and a dielectric lens 2.
- a base plate 3 Inside the housing 1 there is a base plate 3, on which the radiator elements are arranged both for transmitting and for receiving radar radiation.
- three radiator elements are shown, and the radar system according to the invention can be expanded or reduced to any number of radiator elements.
- Possible lines of radiation of the radar radiation are identified by the lines marked with 5.
- the number 6 indicates the electrical conductor tracks whose electrical contacts are not shown in this figure.
- FIG. 2a shows a control device 7 with a possible external circuit, as is integrated in a motor vehicle radar system according to the invention.
- the control unit is supplied with the operating voltage of the vehicle electrical system ÜB by the battery of the motor vehicle 8 via a control line.
- the CAN bus of the motor vehicle is designated by 9. From the CAN bus 9, the outside temperature TA and the motor vehicle Own speed VE supplied via control lines. Via an indicated additional connecting line 13 to the CAN bus 9, the control unit 7 can optionally be supplied with further data about operating states and / or environmental conditions.
- the voltage UH necessary for the power control of the electrically conductive tracks is determined within the control device 7. In principle, the voltage UH can take on different courses.
- the voltage UH is the operating voltage of the vehicle electrical system of the motor vehicle clocked with a pulse duty factor t / T (pulse width control).
- the voltage UH is a regulated DC voltage, which can assume values between 0 and ÜB.
- the necessary data are transmitted to the unit 11 via the connecting lines 10.
- the unit 11 consists either of a switch, as in the case of FIG. 2b, or of a DC regulator or a DC voltage regulator, as in the case of FIG. 2c.
- a possible switch within the unit 11 can be, for example, a transistor, a relay or any other switch.
- the output of the unit 11 represents the desired voltage UH with respect to the mass 12 of the vehicle electrical system.
- This voltage UH is applied to the electrically conductive tracks and in this way generates the desired power loss in the electrical conductor tracks.
- an analog-digital converter which processes the operating voltage UB of the vehicle electrical system for the control unit 7 accordingly.
- This analog-to-digital converter can be integrated in the control unit 7 or on one any position within the motor vehicle, the integration in the control unit 7 is a particularly inexpensive and space-saving solution.
- the operating voltage UB of the vehicle electrical system can of course also already be available on the CAN bus 9 and can be supplied to the control unit 7 via the connecting line 13. This depends on the respective configuration of the in-vehicle bus system.
- the voltage curves shown in FIGS. 2b and 2c can alternatively take on a value other than the operating voltage of the on-board electrical system ÜB as the maximum value.
- Such a maximum value or basic voltage UG can optionally take on any values that can be both below ÜB and above ÜB. In the latter case, it is necessary to increase the operational voltage ÜB of the vehicle electrical system in terms of circuitry, or to convert it accordingly.
- the control unit 7 can, for example, be part of an existing radar system control unit. Such a radar system control unit is generally integrated within the housing shown in FIG. 1. This was not shown in the rough representation according to FIG. 1. Of course, it is alternatively possible for the control unit 7 to be located at any point within the motor vehicle.
- the analog-to-digital converter which may be required to convert the operating voltage ÜB of the vehicle electrical system can be an external component, for example, but integration into the control unit 7 is also possible.
- the primary aim of the power control is that the surface temperature of the body which is permeable to the sensor radiation or of the dielectric lens 2 is not exceeded.
- the corresponding control signals for the To generate switches or actuators 11 there is a memory in control unit 7 in which one or more characteristic diagrams are stored.
- a possible characteristic diagram for the selection of a duty cycle t / T is dealt with in more detail in the description of FIG. 5.
- FIG. 3 shows examples of power controls as a function of the outside temperature and the vehicle's own speed.
- the electrical power P supplied to the electrical conductor tracks 6 is shown in watts on the vertical axis.
- the vehicle's own speed VE in km / h is plotted on the horizontal axis.
- the various plotted characteristic curves 15 to 18 represent examples of power curves at different outside temperatures TA.
- the direction of increasing temperatures is indicated by arrow 14.
- the characteristic curve 15 is plotted for an outside temperature of + 5 ° C
- the characteristic curve 16 for an outside temperature of -5 ° C
- the characteristic curve 17 for an outside temperature of -15 ° C
- the characteristic curve 18 for an outside temperature of -25 ° C.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of temperature profiles, which were measured on the outside of a dielectric lens, in a motor vehicle radar system which corresponds to the prior art.
- the outside temperature of the dielectric lens TL in ° C is plotted on the vertical.
- the vehicle's own speed VE is plotted in km / h on the horizontal.
- the characteristic curves 20, 21 and 22 shown as examples are the measured temperature curves at different outside temperatures TA.
- the direction towards increasing temperatures TA in ° C is indicated by arrow 19.
- the characteristic curve 20 represents an outside temperature of 0 ° C
- the characteristic curve 21 an outside temperature of -5 ° C
- the characteristic curve 22 an outside temperature of -10 ° C.
- FIG. 5 shows a possible characteristic field, such as can be stored in a memory in the control unit 7 of the motor vehicle radar system.
- a pulse duty factor t / T is shown in the vertical, as it corresponds to the description of FIG. 2b.
- the vehicle speed VE in km / h is plotted on the horizontal.
- Four characteristic curves 24, 25, 26 and 27 are entered as examples in the characteristic curve field shown here.
- the different characteristic curves 24 to 27 are plotted in ° C for different outside temperatures TA.
- the direction to higher outside temperatures TA in ° C is indicated by arrow 23.
- the characteristic curve 24 represents an outside temperature of + 5 ° C
- the characteristic curve 25 an outside temperature of -5 ° C
- the characteristic curve 26 an outside temperature of -15 ° C
- the characteristic curve 27 an outside temperature of -25 ° C. It can be seen that at moderate outside temperatures of + 5 ° C, as shown by the characteristic curve 24, only from driving speeds of approx. 50 km / h there is a duty cycle of 1, which is equivalent to the fact that the heating voltage UH, the is applied to the electrically conductive tracks, the immediately applied basic voltage UG or operating voltage ÜB of the vehicle electrical system.
- the duty cycle of 1 is reached even at low driving speeds from 15 km / h. This is due to the fact that at these extremely low outside temperatures, even at low driving speeds, the convection on the surface of the motor vehicle radar system is so great that the electrical conductive tracks the maximum power can be made available without fear of damage to the radar system. If, in one of the cases shown here, a duty cycle of 1 were selected while the motor vehicle was still, this would inevitably lead to destruction of the motor vehicle radar system after a certain time. It is therefore essential in this context that the evaluation and control within the control unit 7 be acted upon with corresponding safety functions in order to ensure that a proper function of the power control is ensured and the motor vehicle radar system is not damaged.
- the characteristic field comprises fewer or any number of characteristic curves.
- Data lying between the individual characteristic curves can be obtained by any interpolation method.
- the pulse duty factor t / T is dependent on other parameters in addition to the vehicle's own speed and the outside temperature TA. This can be, for example, the operating voltage UB of the vehicle electrical system or the surface temperature TL of the body which is permeable to sensor radiation and / or of the radome.
- the motor vehicle radar system is able to perform the power control without precise knowledge of the actual surface temperature TL of the body which is permeable to sensor radiation and / or of the radome, in these embodiments specifically the dielectric lens.
- An additional, also cost-causing, temperature sensor can thus be dispensed with and the motor vehicle radar system functions completely on the basis of predetermined characteristic fields. However, if such a sensor is present which detects the surface temperature TL of the dielectric lens, this information can of course flow into the power control and be made available to the control unit 7 of the motor vehicle radar system.
- a microprocessor located in the control unit 7 determines a pulse duty factor from the supplied data on the basis of a predetermined calculation rule.
- FIG. 6 shows temperature profiles which result in the motor vehicle radar system according to the invention on the surface of the dielectric body.
- the surface temperature of the dielectric lens TL is shown in ° C as a function of the vehicle's own speed VE in km / h and for various outside temperatures TA in ° C.
- the arrow 28 symbolizes the direction of the rising outside temperatures TA in ° C.
- the characteristic curves 29, 30, 31 and 32 are shown for outside temperatures of 5 ° C, -5 ° C, -15 ° C and -25 ° C.
- the surface temperature of the dielectric lens TL in the motor vehicle radar system according to the invention still has a temperature of even at vehicle speeds VE above 100 km / h 25 ° C reached.
- the motor vehicle radar system according to the invention has a clear temperature advantage of up to 20 ° C., especially at higher driving speed values.
- the power control is dependent on further parameters not previously mentioned. Possible parameters could be, for example, information from a rain sensor, height information from a GPS device, wind speed values, a possible detection of contamination by ice and snow of the dielectric lens, information about the intensity of the solar radiation or the driving state of slipstream driving, which is easy to determine with a motor vehicle radar system.
- the motor vehicle radar system according to the invention sometimes enables a higher heating output than in conventional systems without the material of the lens or the radome being damaged when the vehicle is stationary.
- the motor vehicle radar system has an accelerated heating behavior and better snow and ⁇ is defrosting behavior while driving.
- the system according to the invention represents a simple, inexpensive solution since no additional hardware components are required.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE50015237T DE50015237D1 (de) | 1999-12-24 | 2000-08-11 | Kraftfahrzeug-radarsystem |
EP00960346A EP1157442B1 (de) | 1999-12-24 | 2000-08-11 | Kraftfahrzeug-radarsystem |
JP2001548477A JP5222451B2 (ja) | 1999-12-24 | 2000-08-11 | 車両レーダシステム |
US09/914,316 US6630901B1 (en) | 1999-12-24 | 2000-11-08 | Radar system in a motor vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19963001A DE19963001A1 (de) | 1999-12-24 | 1999-12-24 | Kraftfahrzeug-Radarsystem |
DE19963001.1 | 1999-12-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2001048864A1 true WO2001048864A1 (de) | 2001-07-05 |
Family
ID=7934497
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2000/002697 WO2001048864A1 (de) | 1999-12-24 | 2000-08-11 | Kraftfahrzeug-radarsystem |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6630901B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1157442B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5222451B2 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19963001A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001048864A1 (de) |
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DE102022109904A1 (de) * | 2022-04-25 | 2023-10-26 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Radomvorrichtung für einen Radarsensor eines Fahrzeugs umfassend ein Heizelement zum Temperieren eines bevorzugten Ablagerungsbereichs, Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Heizelementes einer Radomvorrichtung |
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EP0407641B1 (de) * | 1989-07-13 | 1993-12-01 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Erwärmungsvorrichtung für Fahrzeugscheibe |
JPH0567990A (ja) * | 1991-09-06 | 1993-03-19 | Omron Corp | 識別システム |
US5528249A (en) * | 1992-12-09 | 1996-06-18 | Gafford; George | Anti-ice radome |
JPH06237107A (ja) * | 1993-02-10 | 1994-08-23 | Nec Corp | アンテナ融雪制御装置 |
JPH0986354A (ja) * | 1995-09-26 | 1997-03-31 | Harness Sogo Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk | 車両上のリアウィンドデフォッガの電源供給装置 |
JP3556403B2 (ja) * | 1996-08-09 | 2004-08-18 | 日野自動車株式会社 | 車載用レーダ装置 |
DE19705416C1 (de) * | 1997-02-13 | 1998-03-26 | Daimler Benz Ag | Verfahren zur Steuerung der Heizung einer Heckscheibe eines Kraftfahrzeuges sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
JP3347012B2 (ja) * | 1997-04-03 | 2002-11-20 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Fmレーダ装置 |
-
1999
- 1999-12-24 DE DE19963001A patent/DE19963001A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2000
- 2000-08-11 WO PCT/DE2000/002697 patent/WO2001048864A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2000-08-11 EP EP00960346A patent/EP1157442B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-08-11 JP JP2001548477A patent/JP5222451B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-08-11 DE DE50015237T patent/DE50015237D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-08 US US09/914,316 patent/US6630901B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE19644164A1 (de) * | 1996-10-24 | 1998-04-30 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftfahrzeug-Radarsystem |
DE19724320A1 (de) * | 1997-06-10 | 1998-12-17 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren zur herstellung einer heizbaren Antennenlinse |
DE19736089C1 (de) * | 1997-08-20 | 1998-12-24 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Metallplattenlinse |
JPH11211821A (ja) * | 1998-01-26 | 1999-08-06 | Hino Motors Ltd | レーダアンテナの着雪着氷除去装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1999, no. 13 30 November 1999 (1999-11-30) * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1157442B1 (de) | 2008-07-02 |
EP1157442A1 (de) | 2001-11-28 |
US6630901B1 (en) | 2003-10-07 |
JP2003518612A (ja) | 2003-06-10 |
DE19963001A1 (de) | 2001-06-28 |
JP5222451B2 (ja) | 2013-06-26 |
DE50015237D1 (de) | 2008-08-14 |
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