WO2001048196A1 - Nouveau polypeptide, fibrinogene 9, et polynucleotide codant pour ce polypeptide - Google Patents

Nouveau polypeptide, fibrinogene 9, et polynucleotide codant pour ce polypeptide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001048196A1
WO2001048196A1 PCT/CN2000/000611 CN0000611W WO0148196A1 WO 2001048196 A1 WO2001048196 A1 WO 2001048196A1 CN 0000611 W CN0000611 W CN 0000611W WO 0148196 A1 WO0148196 A1 WO 0148196A1
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polypeptide
polynucleotide
fibrinogen
sequence
seq
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PCT/CN2000/000611
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Yumin Mao
Yi Xie
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Biowindow Gene Development Ltd. Shanghai
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Priority to AU19876/01A priority Critical patent/AU1987601A/en
Publication of WO2001048196A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001048196A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/435Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • C07K14/745Blood coagulation or fibrinolysis factors
    • C07K14/75Fibrinogen
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00Medicinal preparations containing peptides

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the field of biotechnology. Specifically, the present invention describes a novel polypeptide, a fibrinogen 9, and a polynucleotide sequence encoding the polypeptide. The invention also relates to a method and application for preparing such polynucleotides and polypeptides. Background technique
  • Fibrinogen is a basic protein in the blood coagulation process of spinal animals. It is a hexameric protein containing three different chains ( ⁇ , ⁇ and ⁇ ). These three different chains are connected to each other by disulfide bonds. Together. The N-terminal fragments of the three strands of fibrinogen are evolutionarily related, and these three strands each contain the cysteine residues required for the strands to be interconnected.
  • the C-terminus of the cc chain has no obvious similarity with the C-terminus of the ⁇ and ⁇ chains, and the C-terminus of the ⁇ and ⁇ chains both contain a 270 amino acid domain [Xu X, Doo litt le RF, 1984, Proc Nat l Acad Sci USA, 87: 2097-2101] This domain is a central region where three strands interact together to form an active space structure.
  • Fibrinogen is an important component of the blood coagulation process in the body.
  • the lack of the proteinogen will cause the blood of the organism to fail to coagulate normally, which will cause various related blood system diseases.
  • proteins containing the above-mentioned domains also play a very important role in the process of protein interactions in organisms, and they are expressed in various tissues. Expression of these proteins and the occurrence of various immune system diseases in the body And some tumors and cancer. It can be known from the above that the abnormal expression of the protein in the body is closely related to the occurrence of some hematological diseases, immune system diseases and various tumors and cancers.
  • fibrinogen 9 protein plays an important role in important functions of the body as described above, and it is believed that a large number of proteins are involved in these regulatory processes, there has been a need in the art to identify more fibrinogen 9 proteins involved in these processes, especially The amino acid sequence of this protein was identified. Isolation of the new fibrinogen 9 protein encoding gene also provides a basis for research to determine the role of the protein in health and disease states. This protein may form the basis for the development of diagnostic and / or therapeutic drugs for diseases, so it is important to isolate its coding DNA. Disclosure of invention
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing fibrinogen 9.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an antibody against the polypeptide-fibrinogen 9 of the present invention.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide mimic compounds, antagonists, agonists, and inhibitors directed to the polypeptide-fibrinogen 9 of the present invention.
  • the present invention relates to an isolated polypeptide, the polypeptide is of human origin, which comprises: an amino acid having SEQ ID No. 2 Sequence of a polypeptide, or a conservative variant, biologically active fragment or derivative thereof.
  • the polypeptide is a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2.
  • the invention also relates to an isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence or a variant thereof selected from the group consisting of:
  • sequence of the polynucleotide is one selected from the group consisting of: (a) a sequence having positions 323 to 568 in SEQ ID NO: 1; and (b) a sequence having positions 1-2 in SEQ ID NO: 1 079-bit sequence.
  • the present invention and a vector containing the polynucleotide of the present invention, especially an expression vector;
  • the vector genetically engineered host cell includes a transformed, transduced or transfected host cell; a method for preparing a polypeptide of the present invention comprising culturing the host cell and recovering an expression product.
  • the invention also relates to an antibody capable of specifically binding to a polypeptide of the invention.
  • the invention also relates to a method for screening compounds that mimic, activate, antagonize or inhibit fibrinogen 9 protein activity, which comprises utilizing a polypeptide of the invention.
  • the invention also relates to compounds obtained by this method.
  • the invention also relates to a method for in vitro detection of a disease or susceptibility to disease associated with abnormal expression of fibrinogen 9 protein, which comprises detecting a mutation in the polypeptide or a sequence encoding a polynucleotide thereof in a biological sample, or detecting a mutation in a biological sample The amount or biological activity of a polypeptide of the invention.
  • the invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a polypeptide of the invention or a mimetic thereof, an activator, an antagonist or an inhibitor, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of the polypeptide and / or polynucleotide of the present invention in the preparation of a medicament for treating cancer, developmental disease or immune disease or other diseases caused by abnormal expression of fibrinogen 9.
  • Nucleic acid sequence refers to an oligonucleotide, a nucleotide or a polynucleotide and a fragment or part thereof, and may also refer to a genomic or synthetic DM or RNA, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, representing the sense or antisense strand.
  • amino acid sequence refers to an oligopeptide, peptide, polypeptide or protein sequence and fragments or portions thereof.
  • amino acid sequence in the present invention relates to the amino acid sequence of a naturally occurring protein molecule, such "polypeptide” or “protein” does not mean to limit the amino acid sequence to a complete natural amino acid related to the protein molecule .
  • a protein or polynucleotide “variant” refers to an amino acid sequence having one or more amino acids or nucleotide changes or a polynucleotide sequence encoding it. The changes may include deletions, insertions or substitutions of amino acids or nucleotides in the amino acid sequence or nucleotide sequence. Variants can have "conservative" changes in which the substituted amino acid has a structural or chemical property similar to the original amino acid, such as the replacement of isoleucine with leucine. Variants can also have non-conservative changes, such as replacing glycine with tryptophan.
  • “Deletion” refers to the deletion of one or more amino acids or nucleotides in an amino acid sequence or nucleotide sequence.
  • An "agonist” refers to a molecule that, when combined with fibrinogen 9, causes a change in the protein to regulate the activity of the protein.
  • An agonist may include a protein, a nucleic acid, a carbohydrate or any other molecule that can bind fibrinogen 9.
  • Antagonist refers to a molecule that, when combined with fibrinogen 9, can block or regulate the biological or immunological activity of fibrinogen 9.
  • Antagonists and inhibitors may include proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or any other molecule that can bind fibrinogen 9.
  • Regular refers to a change in the function of fibrinogen 9, including an increase or decrease in protein activity, a change in binding properties, and any other biological, functional, or immune properties of fibrinogen 9.
  • substantially pure ' means substantially free of other proteins, lipids, sugars or other substances with which it is naturally associated.
  • Those skilled in the art can purify fibrinogen 9 using standard protein purification techniques. Essentially pure fiber Proteinogen 9 can generate a single main band on a non-reducing polyacrylamide gel. The purity of the fibrinogen 9 peptide can be analyzed by amino acid sequence.
  • “Complementary” or “complementary” refers to the natural binding of a nucleotide by base-pairing under conditions of acceptable salt concentration and temperature.
  • the sequence "C-T-G-A” may be combined with the complementary sequence "G-A-C-T”.
  • the complementarity between two single-stranded molecules may be partial or complete.
  • the degree of complementarity between nucleic acid strands has a significant effect on the efficiency and strength of hybridization between nucleic acid strands.
  • “Homology” refers to the degree of complementarity and can be partially homologous or completely homologous.
  • Partial homology refers to a partially complementary sequence that at least partially inhibits the hybridization of a completely complementary sequence to a target nucleic acid. The inhibition of such hybridization can be achieved by hybridization under conditions of reduced stringency (Southern blotting) Or Nor thern blot, etc.) to detect.
  • Substantially homologous sequences or hybridization probes can compete and inhibit the binding of completely homologous sequences to the target sequence under conditions of reduced stringency. This does not mean that the conditions of reduced stringency allow non-specific binding, because the conditions of reduced stringency require that the two sequences bind to each other specifically or selectively.
  • Percent identity refers to the percentage of sequences that are identical or similar in the comparison of two or more amino acid or nucleic acid sequences. The percent identity can be determined electronically, such as by the MEGALIGN program (La sergene sof tware package, DNASTAR, Inc., Mad Son Wis.). The MEGALIGN program can compare two or more sequences according to different methods, such as the Cluster method (Higgins, DG and PM Sharp (1988) Gene 73: 237-244). The Clus ter method arranges each group of sequences into ⁇ by checking the distance between all pairs. Then the clusters are assigned in pairs or groups. Percent identity between two amino acid sequences such as sequence A and sequence B The fraction is calculated by the following formula:
  • Similarity refers to the degree of identical or conservative substitutions of amino acid residues at corresponding positions in the alignment of amino acid sequences.
  • Amino acids used for conservative substitutions for example, negatively charged amino acids may include aspartic acid and glutamic acid; positively charged amino acids may include lysine and arginine; having an uncharged head group is Similar hydrophilic amino acids may include leucine, isoleucine and valine; glycine and alanine; asparagine and glutamine; serine and threonine; phenylalanine and tyrosine.
  • Antisense refers to a nucleotide sequence that is complementary to a particular DNA or RNA sequence.
  • Antisense strand refers to a nucleic acid strand that is complementary to the “sense strand”.
  • Derivative refers to a chemical modification of HFP or a nucleic acid encoding it. Such a chemical modification may be the replacement of a hydrogen atom with an alkyl group, an acyl group or an amino group. Nucleic acid derivatives can encode polypeptides that retain the main biological characteristics of natural molecules.
  • Antibody refers to a complete antibody molecule and its fragments, such as Fa,? ( ⁇ ') 2 and? It can specifically bind to the epitope of fibrinogen 9.
  • a “humanized antibody” refers to an antibody in which the amino acid sequence of a non-antigen binding region is replaced to become more similar to a human antibody, but still retains the original binding activity.
  • isolated refers to the removal of a substance from its original environment (for example, its natural environment if it occurs naturally).
  • a naturally occurring polynucleotide or polypeptide is not isolated when it is present in a living animal, but the same polynucleotide or polypeptide is separated from some or all of the substances that coexist with it in the natural system.
  • Such a polynucleotide may be part of a vector, or such a polynucleotide or polypeptide may be part of a composition. Since the carrier or composition is not part of its natural environment, they are still isolated.
  • isolated refers to the separation of a substance from its original environment (if it is a natural substance, the original environment is the natural environment).
  • polynucleotides and polypeptides in a natural state in a living cell are not isolated and purified, but the same polynucleotides or polypeptides are separated and purified if they are separated from other substances existing in the natural state. .
  • isolated fibrinogen 9 means that fibrinogen 9 is substantially free of natural and Its related to other proteins, lipids, sugars or other substances. Those skilled in the art can purify fibrinogen 9 using standard protein purification techniques. Substantially pure polypeptides can produce a single main band on a non-reducing polyacrylamide gel. The purity of the fibrinogen 9 polypeptide can be analyzed by amino acid sequence.
  • the present invention provides a new polypeptide, fibrinogen 9, which is basically composed of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2.
  • the polypeptide of the present invention may be a recombinant polypeptide, a natural polypeptide, or a synthetic polypeptide, and preferably a recombinant polypeptide.
  • the polypeptides of the present invention can be naturally purified products or chemically synthesized products, or can be produced from prokaryotic or eukaryotic hosts (eg, bacteria, yeast, higher plants, insects, and mammalian cells) using recombinant techniques. Depending on the host used in the recombinant production protocol, the polypeptide of the invention may be glycosylated, or it may be non-glycosylated.
  • the polypeptides of the invention may also include or exclude the starting methionine residue.
  • the invention also includes fragments, derivatives and analogs of fibrinogen 9.
  • fragment refers to a polypeptide that substantially maintains the same biological function or activity of the fibrinogen 9 of the present invention.
  • a fragment, derivative or analog of the polypeptide of the present invention may be: (I) a kind in which one or more amino acid residues are substituted with conservative or non-conservative amino acid residues (preferably conservative amino acid residues), and the substitution
  • the amino acid may or may not be encoded by a genetic codon; or ( ⁇ ) a type in which a group on one or more amino acid residues is replaced by another group to include a substituent; or ( ⁇ ⁇ )
  • Such a polypeptide sequence in which the mature polypeptide is fused with another compound such as a compound that prolongs the half-life of the polypeptide, such as polyethylene glycol
  • a polypeptide sequence in which an additional amino acid sequence is fused into the mature polypeptide (Such as a leader sequence or a secreted sequence or a sequence used to purify this polypeptide or a protease sequence)
  • such fragments, derivatives, and analogs are considered to be within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
  • the present invention provides an isolated nucleic acid (polynucleotide), which basically consists of a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2.
  • the polynucleotide sequence of the present invention includes the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1
  • the polynucleotide of the present invention is found from a cDNA library of human fetal brain tissue. It contains a polynucleotide sequence with a total length of 2079 bases, and its open reading frame (323-568) encodes 81 amino acids. This polypeptide has the characteristic sequence of fibrinogen, and it can be deduced that the fibrinogen 9 has the structure and function represented by fibrinogen.
  • the polynucleotide of the present invention may be in the form of DNA or RNA.
  • DNA forms include cDNA, genomic DNA, and synthetic DNA.
  • DNA can be single-stranded or double-stranded.
  • DM can be a coding chain into a non-coding chain ...
  • the coding region sequence encoding a mature polypeptide can be the same as the coding region sequence shown in SEQ II) NO: 1 or a degenerate variant.
  • a "degenerate variant” refers to a nucleic acid sequence encoding a protein or polypeptide having SEQ II) NO: 2 in the present invention, but which differs from the coding region sequence shown in SEQ II) NO: 1
  • the polynucleotide encoding the mature polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 2 includes: only the coding sequence of the mature polypeptide; The coding sequence of the mature polypeptide and various additional coding sequences; the coding sequence (and optional additional coding sequences) of the mature polypeptide and non-coding sequences.
  • polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide refers to a polynucleotide that includes the polypeptide and a polynucleotide that includes additional coding and / or non-coding sequences.
  • the invention also relates to variants of the polynucleotides described above, which encode polypeptides or fragments, analogs and derivatives of polypeptides having the same amino acid sequence as the invention.
  • This polynucleotide variant can be a naturally occurring allelic variant or a non-naturally occurring variant.
  • These nucleotide variants include substitution variants, deletion variants, and insertion variants.
  • an allelic variant is an alternative form of a polynucleotide that may be a substitution, deletion, or insertion of one or more nucleotides, but does not substantially change the function of the polypeptide it encodes .
  • the invention also relates to a polynucleotide that hybridizes to the sequence described above (having at least 50%, preferably 70% identity between the two sequences).
  • the present invention particularly relates to polynucleotides that can hybridize to the polynucleotides of the present invention under stringent conditions.
  • "strict conditions” means: (1) hybridization and elution at lower ionic strength and higher temperature, such as 0.2xSSC :, 0.1 ° / »SDS, 6 (TC; or (2) Add a denaturant during hybridization, such as 5 (W (v / v) formamide, 0.1% calf serum / 0.1% Fico il, 42 ° C, etc .; or (3) only in two Hybridization occurs when the sequence identity is at least 95%, and more preferably 97%. Furthermore, the polypeptide encoded by the hybridizable polynucleotide has the same biology as the mature polypeptide shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 Function and activity.
  • the invention also relates to nucleic acid fragments that hybridize to the sequences described above.
  • the length of the "nucleic acid slice" contains at least 10 nucleotides, preferably at least 20-30 nucleotides, more preferably at least 50-60 nucleotides, and most preferably at least 100 nucleotides. Nucleotides or more. Nucleic acid fragments can also be used in nucleic acid amplification techniques, such as PCR, to identify and / or isolate polynucleotides encoding fibrinogen 9.
  • polypeptides and polynucleotides in the present invention are preferably provided in an isolated form and are more preferably purified to homogeneity.
  • the specific polynucleotide sequence encoding fibrinogen 9 of the present invention can be obtained by various methods.
  • polynucleotides are isolated using hybridization techniques well known in the art. These techniques include, but are not limited to: 1) hybridization of probes to genomic or cDNA libraries to detect homologous polynucleotide sequences, and 2) antibody screening of expression libraries to detect cloned polynucleosides with common structural characteristics Acid fragments.
  • the DNA fragment sequence of the present invention can also be obtained by the following methods: 1) isolating the double-stranded DNA sequence from the genomic DNA; 2) chemically synthesizing the DNA sequence to obtain the double-stranded DNA of the polypeptide.
  • genomic MA is the least commonly used. Direct chemical synthesis of DNA sequences is often the method of choice. The more commonly used method is the isolation of cDNA sequences.
  • the standard method for isolating the cDNA of interest is to isolate mRNA from donor cells that overexpress the gene and perform reverse transcription to form a plasmid or phage cDNA library.
  • the construction of cDNA libraries is also a common method (Sarabrook, et al., Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, Co Id Spring Harbor Laboratory. New York, 1989).
  • Commercially available cDNA libraries are also available, such as different cDNA libraries from Clontech. When polymerase reaction technology is used in combination, even very small expression products can be cloned.
  • genes of the present invention can be selected from these cDNA libraries by conventional methods. These methods include (but are not limited to): (DDNA-DNA or DNA-RNA hybridization; (2) the presence or absence of marker gene functions; (3) determination of fibrinogen 9 transcript levels; (4) through immunology Technology or determination of biological activity to detect protein products expressed by the gene. The above methods can be used alone or in combination.
  • the probe used for hybridization is homologous to any part of the polynucleotide of the present invention, and its length is at least 10 nucleotides, preferably at least 30 nucleotides, more preferably At least 50 nucleotides, preferably at least 100 nucleotides.
  • the length of the probe is usually within 2000 nucleotides, preferably within 1000 nucleotides.
  • the probe used here is generally a DNA sequence chemically synthesized based on the gene sequence information of the present invention. The genes or fragments of the present invention can of course be used as probes.
  • DNA probes can be labeled with radioisotopes, luciferin, or enzymes (such as alkaline phosphatase).
  • the protein product of fibrinogen 9 gene expression can be detected by immunological techniques such as Western blotting, radioimmunoprecipitation, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
  • immunological techniques such as Western blotting, radioimmunoprecipitation, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
  • a method using PCR to amplify DNA / RNA is preferably used to obtain the gene of the present invention.
  • the RACE method RACE-rapid amplification of cDNA ends
  • the primers used for PCR may be appropriately based on the polynucleotide sequence information of the present invention disclosed herein. Select and synthesize using conventional methods.
  • the amplified DNA / RNA chip can be isolated and purified by conventional methods such as gel electrophoresis, and the polynucleotide sequence of the gene of the present invention obtained as described above, or various DNA fragments can be terminated by conventional methods such as dideoxy chains. Method (Sanger et al. PNAS, 1977, 74: 5463-5467). Such polynucleotide sequences can also be determined using commercial sequencing kits and the like. In order to obtain the full-length cDNA sequence, the sequencing must be repeated. Sometimes it is necessary to determine the cDNA sequence of multiple clones in order to splice into a full-length cDNA sequence.
  • the present invention also relates to a vector comprising the polynucleotide of the present invention, and a host cell genetically engineered using the vector of the present invention or directly using a fibrinogen 9 coding sequence, and a method for producing a polypeptide of the present invention by recombinant technology.
  • a polynucleotide sequence encoding fibrinogen 9 can be inserted into a vector to constitute a recombinant vector containing the polynucleotide of the present invention.
  • vector refers to bacterial plasmids, bacteriophages, yeast plasmids, plant cell viruses, mammalian cell viruses such as adenoviruses, retroviruses, which are well known in the art. Or other carriers.
  • Vectors suitable for use in the present invention include, but are not limited to: T7 promoter-based expression vectors (Rosenberg, et al.
  • any plasmid and vector can be used to construct a recombinant expression vector.
  • An important feature of expression vectors is that they usually contain an origin of replication, a promoter, a marker gene, and translational regulatory elements.
  • the expression vector also includes a ribosome binding site for translation initiation, a transcription terminator, and the like. Insertion of enhancer sequences into the vector will enhance its transcription in higher eukaryotic cells. Enhancers are cis-acting factors for DNA expression, usually about 10 to 300 base pairs, which act on promoters to enhance gene transcription. Illustrative examples include SV40 enhancers of 100 to 270 base pairs on the late side of the origin of replication, polytumor enhancers on the late side of the origin of replication, and adenoviral enhancers.
  • the expression vector preferably contains one or more selectable marker genes to provide phenotypic traits for selection of transformed host cells, such as dihydrofolate reductase, neomycin resistance, and green for eukaryotic cell culture.
  • selectable marker genes to provide phenotypic traits for selection of transformed host cells, such as dihydrofolate reductase, neomycin resistance, and green for eukaryotic cell culture.
  • GFP fluorescent protein
  • tetracycline or ampicillin resistance for E. coli.
  • a polynucleotide encoding fibrinogen 9 or a recombinant vector containing the polynucleotide can be transformed or transduced into a host cell to constitute a genetically engineered host cell containing the polynucleotide or the recombinant vector.
  • host cell refers to a prokaryotic cell, such as a bacterial cell; or a lower eukaryotic cell, such as a yeast cell; or a higher eukaryotic cell, such as a mammalian cell.
  • Escherichia coli, Streptomyces bacterial cells such as Salmonella typhimurium
  • fungal cells such as yeast
  • plant cells insect cells
  • fly S2 or Sf9 animal cells
  • animal cells such as CH0, COS or Bowes melanoma cells.
  • Transforming a host cell with the DNA sequence of the present invention or a recombinant vector containing the DNA sequence can This is done using conventional techniques well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the host is a prokaryote such as E. coli
  • competent cells capable of absorbing DNA can be harvested after the exponential growth phase and treated with CaCl.
  • the steps used are well known in the art.
  • the alternative is to use MgC l 2 .
  • transformation can also be performed by electroporation.
  • the following DNA transfection methods can be used: calcium phosphate co-precipitation method, or conventional mechanical methods such as microinjection, electroporation, and liposome packaging.
  • the polynucleotide sequence of the present invention can be used to express or produce recombinant fibrinogen 9 (Scence, 1984; 224: 1431). Generally, the following steps are taken:
  • the medium used in the culture may be selected from various conventional mediums. Culture is performed under conditions suitable for host cell growth. After the host cells have grown to an appropriate cell density, the selected promoter is induced by a suitable method (such as temperature conversion or chemical induction), and the cells are cultured for a period of time.
  • a suitable method such as temperature conversion or chemical induction
  • the recombinant polypeptide may be coated in a cell, expressed on a cell membrane, or secreted outside the cell.
  • recombinant proteins can be separated and purified by various separation methods using their physical, chemical and other properties. These methods are well known to those skilled in the art. These methods include, but are not limited to: conventional renaturation treatment, protein precipitant treatment (salting out method), centrifugation, 7-cell dialysis bacteria, ultrasonic treatment, ultracentrifugation, molecular sieve chromatography (gel filtration), adsorption chromatography, Ion exchange chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and various other liquid chromatography techniques and combinations of these methods.
  • conventional renaturation treatment protein precipitant treatment (salting out method), centrifugation, 7-cell dialysis bacteria, ultrasonic treatment, ultracentrifugation, molecular sieve chromatography (gel filtration), adsorption chromatography, Ion exchange chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography
  • Fig. 1 is a comparison diagram of amino acid sequence homology of a total of 38 amino acids of 44-81 fibrinogen 9 and fibrinogen characteristic domains of the present invention.
  • the upper sequence is fibrinogen 9 and the lower sequence is the characteristic domain of fibrinogen.
  • Figure 2 shows the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of fibrinogen 9 isolated.
  • 9kl) a is the molecular weight of the protein.
  • the arrow indicates the isolated protein band.
  • RNA from human fetal brain was extracted by guanidine isothiocyanate / phenol / chloroform method. Using Quik raRNA Isolation Kit
  • the determined cDNA sequence was compared with the existing public DNA sequence database (Genebank), and it was found that the cDNA sequence of one of the clones 0772B03 was new DNA.
  • the inserted cDNA fragments contained in this clone were determined in both directions by synthesizing a series of primers.
  • the results show that the 0772B03 clone contains a full-length cDNA of 2079bp (as shown in Seq ID N0: 1), and has a 246bp open reading frame (0RF) from 323bp to 568bp, encoding a new protein (such as Seq ID NO : Shown in 2).
  • This clone pBS-0772B03 and the protein encoded was fibrinogen 9.
  • Example 2 Domain analysis of cDNA clones
  • the sequence of the fibrinogen 9 of the present invention and the protein sequence encoded by the fibrinogen 9 of the present invention were analyzed by the profile scan program (Basiclocal Alignment search tool) in GCG [Altschul, SF et a 1. J. Mol. Biol. 1990; 215: 403 -10], perform domain analysis in databases such as prosite.
  • the fibrinogen 9 of the present invention is homologous with fibrinogen characteristic domains at 44-81, and the homology results are shown in FIG. 1.
  • the homology rate is ⁇ , and the score is sense JJ; the threshold is sense_
  • Example 3 Cloning of a gene encoding fibrinogen 9 by RT-PCR
  • CDNA was synthesized using fetal brain total RNA as a template and oligo-dT as a primer.
  • PCR amplification was performed with the following primers:
  • Primer 1 5-GGTGAGCGCACCAGCATGGCACAT -3 (SEQ ID NO: 3)
  • Primer2 S-TCTCTCATAATGAATCAAGACATC -3 (SEQ ID NO: 4)
  • Primerl is a forward sequence located at the 5th end of SEQ ID NO: 1, starting at lbp; Primer2 is the 3 'end reverse sequence in SEQ ID NO: 1.
  • Amplification reaction conditions reaction volume containing 50 ⁇ 1 of 5 0 ol / L KC1, 10mraol / L Tris- CI, (pH8.5), 1.5ramol / L MgCl 2, 200 ⁇ mol / L dNTP, lOpmol Primer, 1U Taq DNA polymerase (C1 on tech).
  • the reaction was performed on a PE 9600 DNA thermal cycler (Pe rki nE 1 me r) for 25 cycles under the following conditions: 94 ° C 30sec; 55 ° C 30sec; 72 ° C 2min 0
  • ⁇ - Actin is a positive control and template blank is a negative control.
  • the amplified product was purified using a QIAGEN kit, and ligated to a pCR vector (Invitrogen product) using a TA cloning kit.
  • the DNA sequence analysis results showed that the DNA sequence of the PCR product was exactly the same as that of 1-2079bp shown in SEQ ID NO: 1.
  • Example 4 Northern blot analysis of fibrinogen 9 gene expression:
  • RNA extraction in one step involves acid guanidinium thiocyanate phenol-chloroform extraction. That is, the tissue is homogenized with 4M guanidine isothiocyanate-25mM sodium citrate, 0.2M sodium acetate (pH4.0), and 1 volume of phenol and 1/5 volume of chloroform-isoamyl alcohol (49: 1) are added. ), Mix and centrifuge. The aqueous layer was aspirated, isopropyl alcohol (0.8 vol) was added, and the mixture was centrifuged to obtain an RNA pellet. The resulting RNA pellet was washed with 70% ethanol, dried and dissolved in water.
  • the 32P- labeled probe (approximately 2 X 10 6 cpm / ml) and RNA was transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane overnight at 42 C in a hybridization solution, the solution comprising 50% formamide - 25mM KH 2 P0 4 ( pH7.4) -5 x SSC-5 x Denhardt's solution and 200 g / ml salmon sperm DNA. After hybridization, the filters were placed in 1 x SSC-0.1% SI) S at 55. (: Wash 30rain. Then, use Phosphor Imager for analysis and quantification.
  • Example 5 In vitro expression, isolation and purification of recombinant fibrinogen 9
  • Primer 4 5'- CATGGATCCTTAGTGATATTTAAAGGAAAACAG -3 '(Seq ID No: 6)
  • the 5' ends of these two primers contain Nhel and BamH] digestion sites, respectively, followed by the 5 'and 3' ends of the target gene, respectively.
  • the sequence, Nhe I and BamHI restriction sites correspond to the selective endonuclease sites on the expression vector plasmid pET-28b (Novagen, Cat. No. 69865.3).
  • PCR was performed using the pBS-0772B03 plasmid containing the full-length target gene as a template.
  • the PCR reaction conditions are: pBS-0772B03 in a total volume of 50 ⁇ 1 Plasmid 10pg, bower I, Primer-3 and P: 'imer- 4 points (J is lOpmol, Advantage polymerase Mix (Clontech)) 1 ⁇ 1. Cycle parameters: 4 ° C 20s, 60 ° C 30s, 68 ° C 2 min, a total of 25 cycles. Double digestion of the amplified product and plasmid pET-28 (+) with Nhe e I and BamHI, respectively, to recover large fragments, and ligation with T4 ligase. The ligation product was converted with chlorination E.
  • coli Calcium DH5CX was cultured overnight on LB plates containing kanamycin (final concentration 30 g / ml), and positive clones were screened by colony PCR and sequenced. Positive clones with the correct sequence were selected (pET-0772B03 ) The recombinant plasmid was transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) P lySs (product of Novagen) by the calcium chloride method.
  • the host strain BL21 (PET-0772B03) Incubate at 37 ° C to the logarithmic growth phase, add IPTG to a final concentration of 1mmol / L, and continue the cultivation for 5 hours. Centrifuge to collect the bacterial cells, ultrasonically break the bacteria, and centrifuge to collect the supernatant. "His-Tag” Binding Affinity Column His. Bind Quick Cartridge (Novagen) The product was chromatographed to obtain a purified fibrinogen protein of interest 9. After SI) S-PAGE electrophoresis, a single band was obtained at ⁇ d) a ( Figure 2).
  • a peptide synthesizer (product of PE company) was used to synthesize the following fibrinogen 9-specific peptides:
  • the polypeptide is coupled to hemocyanin and bovine serum albumin to form a complex, respectively.
  • hemocyanin and bovine serum albumin For methods, see: Avrameas, et al. Immunochemistry, 1969; 6: 43. Immunize the patient with 4mg of the hemocyanin polypeptide complex and complete Freund's adjuvant. After 15 days, use the hemocyanin polypeptide complex and incomplete Freund's adjuvant to boost the immunity once.
  • Suitable oligonucleotide fragments selected from the polynucleotides of the present invention are used as hybridization probes in a variety of ways.
  • the probes can be used to hybridize to genomic or cDNA libraries of normal tissue or pathological tissue from different sources to It is identified whether it contains the polynucleotide sequence of the present invention and a homologous polynucleotide sequence is detected.
  • the probe can also be used to detect the polynucleotide sequence of the present invention or its homologous polynucleotide sequence in normal tissue or Whether the expression in pathological tissue cells is abnormal.
  • the purpose of this embodiment is to select a suitable oligonucleotide fragment from the polynucleotide SEQ ID NO: 1 of the present invention as a hybridization probe, and to identify whether some tissues contain the polynucleoside of the present invention by a filter hybridization method.
  • Filter hybridization methods include dot blotting, Southern blotting, Northern blotting, and copying methods. They all use the same steps of hybridization after fixing the polynucleotide sample to be tested on the filter.
  • the sample-immobilized filter is first pre-hybridized with a probe-free hybridization buffer, so that the non-specific binding site of the sample on the filter is saturated with the carrier and the synthesized polymer.
  • the pre-hybridization solution is then replaced with a hybridization buffer containing the labeled probe and incubated to hybridize the probe to the target nucleic acid.
  • the probes from the hybridization are removed by a series of membrane washing steps.
  • This embodiment utilizes higher-intensity washing conditions (such as lower salt concentration and higher temperature) to reduce the hybridization background and retain only strong specific signals.
  • the probes used in this embodiment include two types: the first type of probes are oligonucleotide fragments that are completely the same as or complementary to the polynucleotide SEQ ID NO: 1 of the present invention; the second type of probes are partially related to the present invention
  • the polynucleotide SEQ ID NO: 1 is the same or complementary oligonucleotide fragment.
  • the dot blot method is used to fix the sample on the filter membrane. Under the high-intensity washing conditions, the first type of probe and the sample have the strongest hybridization specificity and are retained.
  • oligonucleotide fragments for use as hybridization probes from the polynucleotide SEQ ID NO: 1 of the present invention should follow the following principles and several aspects to be considered:
  • the preferred range of probe size is 18-50 nucleotides
  • Those that meet the above conditions can be used as primary selection probes, and then further analyzed by computer sequence, including the primary selection probe and its source sequence region (ie, SEQ II) NO: 1) and other known genomic sequences and The complementary regions are compared for homology. If the homology with the non-target molecular region is greater than 85% or there are more than 15 consecutive bases, then the primary probe should not be used;
  • Probe 1 which belongs to the first type of probe, is completely or complementary to the gene fragment of SEQ ID NO: 1 (41Nt)
  • Probe 1 which belongs to the second type of probe, is equivalent to the gene mutation of SEQ ID NO: 1 or its replacement mutation sequence (41Nt) :
  • PBS phosphate buffered saline
  • step 8-13 are only used when contamination must be removed, otherwise step 14 can be performed directly.
  • NC membranes nitrocellulose membranes
  • the 32 P-Probe (the second peak is free ⁇ --dATP) to be prepared.
  • the polypeptides of the present invention can be directly used in the treatment of diseases, for example, they can treat malignant tumors, adrenal deficiency, skin diseases, various types of inflammation, HIV infection and immune guilt.
  • Fibrinogen is a precursor of fibrin, which is an important component of blood coagulation in the body. It also plays an important role in physiological processes such as cytoskeleton support and movement, and is related to the occurrence of various diseases of the immune system and the occurrence of some tumors and cancers.
  • the characteristic fibrinogen P and ⁇ -chain C-terminal domain are necessary for its activity. From this we can see that The abnormal expression of the polypeptide of the fibrinogen P and the Y-terminal C-terminal domain will cause the function of the polypeptide containing the mot if of the present invention to be abnormal, thereby causing abnormalities in the coagulation process, and may also cause certain tumors. Because fibrinogen is of great significance in the process of tissue fibrosis and inflammatory repair, the abnormal expression of this polypeptide can cause fibrosis in some tissues, which can cause abnormal inflammatory repair process, which can lead to excessive scarring, narrowing of the cavity, and wound failure The more phenomena.
  • the abnormal expression of fibrinogen 9 of the present invention will produce various diseases, especially diseases of the coagulation system, pathological changes of tissue fibers, and abnormal diseases related to inflammation and repair.
  • diseases include, but are not limited to, diseases of the coagulation system: coagulation factor Deficiency, hereditary bleeding telangiectasia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, allergic purpura, simple purpura, senile purpura, aplastic anemia,
  • Tissue fibropathology fibroids, nodular fasciitis, proliferative fasciitis, myofibromatosis, fibrosarcoma, fibrous histiocytoma, reticular histiocytoma, fibromatosis such as keloids, diffuse interstitial lung Qualitative disorders, selenium lung, cirrhosis, benign prostatic hyperplasia
  • stenosis of various tissue channels such as pyloric stenosis, tracheal stenosis after injury, mitral valve stenosis, aortic stenosis, pulmonary artery stenosis, constrictive pericarditis, pancreatic cystic fibrosis, pyelonephritis
  • Abnormal expression of fibrinogen 9 will also produce certain genetic diseases and immune system diseases.
  • the polypeptide of the present invention and the antagonists, agonists and inhibitors of the polypeptide can be directly used in the treatment of diseases, for example, it can treat various diseases, especially diseases of coagulation system, pathological changes of tissue fiber, abnormal diseases related to inflammation and repair, and some inheritance. Sexually transmitted diseases and immune system diseases.
  • the invention also provides methods for screening compounds to identify agents that increase (agonist) or suppress (antagonist) fibrinogen 9. Agonists enhance fibrinogen 9 to stimulate biological functions such as cell proliferation, while antagonists prevent and treat disorders related to excessive cell proliferation, such as various cancers.
  • mammalian cells or membrane preparations expressing fibrinogen 9 can be cultured with labeled fibrinogen 9 in the presence of a drug. The ability of the drug to increase or block this interaction is then determined.
  • Antagonists of fibrinogen 9 include antibodies, compounds, receptor deletions, and the like that have been screened.
  • An antagonist of fibrinogen 9 can bind to fibrinogen 9 and eliminate its function, or inhibit the production of the polypeptide, or bind to the active site of the polypeptide so that the polypeptide cannot perform a biological function.
  • fibrinogen 9 can be added to bioanalytical assays to determine whether a compound is No is an antagonist. Receptor deletions and analogs that act as antagonists can be screened in the same manner as described above for screening compounds.
  • Polypeptide molecules capable of binding to fibrinogen 9 can be obtained by screening a random peptide library composed of various possible combinations of amino acids bound to a solid phase. When screening, generally 9 molecules of fibrinogen should be labeled.
  • the present invention provides a method for producing antibodies using polypeptides, and fragments, derivatives, analogs or cells thereof as antigens. These antibodies can be polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies.
  • the invention also provides antibodies against fibrinogen 9 epitopes. These antibodies include (but are not limited to): polyclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibodies, chimeric antibodies, single chain antibodies, Fab fragments, and fragments produced by Fab expression libraries.
  • Polyclonal antibodies can be produced by injecting fibrinogen 9 directly into immunized animals (such as rabbits, mice, rats, etc.).
  • Various adjuvants can be used to enhance the immune response, including but not limited to Freund's adjuvant.
  • Techniques for preparing monoclonal antibodies to fibrinogen 9 include, but are not limited to, hybridoma technology (Kohler and Milstei n. Nature, 1975, 256: 495-497), triple tumor technology, human beta-cell hybridoma Technology, EBV-hybridoma technology, etc.
  • Chimeric antibodies that bind human constant regions to non-human-derived variable regions can be produced using existing techniques (Morrie et al, PNAS, 1985, 81: 6851).
  • the existing technology for producing single chain antibodies (U.S. Pat No. 4946778) can also be used to produce single chain antibodies against fibrinogen 9.
  • Anti-fibrinogen 9 antibodies can be used in immunohistochemical techniques to detect fibrinogen 9 in biopsy specimens.
  • Monoclonal antibodies that bind fibrinogen 9 can also be labeled with radioisotopes and injected into the body to track their location and distribution. This radiolabeled antibody can be used as a non-invasive diagnostic method to locate tumor cells and determine whether there is metastasis.
  • Antibodies can also be used to design immunotoxins that target a particular part of the body.
  • fibrinogen 9 high-affinity monoclonal antibodies can covalently bind to bacterial or plant toxins (such as diphtheria toxin, ricin, ormosine, etc.).
  • a common method is to attack the amino group of an antibody with a thiol cross-linking agent such as SPDP and bind the toxin to the antibody through the exchange of disulfide bonds. This hybrid antibody can be used to kill fibrinogen 9 positive cells.
  • the antibodies of the present invention can be used to treat or prevent diseases related to fibrinogen 9. Administration of appropriate doses of antibodies can stimulate or block the production or activity of fibrinogen 9.
  • the invention also relates to a diagnostic test method for quantitative and localized detection of fibrinogen 9 levels.
  • tests are well known in the art and include FI SH assays and radioimmunoassays.
  • the level of fibrinogen 9 detected in the test can be used to explain the importance of fibrinogen 9 in various diseases and to diagnose diseases in which fibrinogen 9 plays a role.
  • polypeptides of the present invention can also be used for peptide mapping, for example, the polypeptides can be physically, chemically or enzymatically Specific cleavage and one-dimensional or two-dimensional or three-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis, preferably mass spectrometry.
  • the polynucleotide encoding fibrinogen 9 can also be used for a variety of therapeutic purposes.
  • Gene therapy technology can be used to treat abnormal cell proliferation, development or metabolism caused by the non-expression or abnormal / inactive expression of fibrinogen 9.
  • Recombinant gene therapy vectors (such as viral vectors) can be designed to express mutated fibrinogen 9 to inhibit endogenous fibrinogen 9 activity.
  • a variant fibrinogen 9 can be a shortened fibrinogen 9 that lacks a signaling domain. Although it can bind to downstream substrates, it lacks signaling activity. Therefore, the recombinant gene therapy vector can be used for treating diseases caused by abnormal expression or activity of fibrinogen 9.
  • Virus-derived expression vectors such as retrovirus, adenovirus, adenovirus-associated virus, herpes simplex virus, parvovirus, etc. can be used to transfer the polynucleotide encoding fibrinogen 9 into cells.
  • Methods for constructing recombinant viral vectors carrying a polynucleotide encoding fibrinogen 9 can be found in the existing literature (Sambrook, et al.).
  • a recombinant polynucleotide encoding fibrinogen 9 can be packaged into liposomes and transferred into cells.
  • Methods for introducing a polynucleotide into a tissue or cell include: directly injecting the polynucleotide into a tissue in vivo; or introducing the polynucleotide into a cell in vitro through a vector (such as a virus, phage, or plasmid), and then transplanting the cell Into the body and so on.
  • a vector such as a virus, phage, or plasmid
  • Oligonucleotides including antisense RNA and DNA
  • ribozymes that inhibit fibrinogen 9 mRNA are also within the scope of the present invention.
  • a ribozyme is an enzyme-like RNA molecule that specifically decomposes specific RNA. Its mechanism of action is that the ribozyme molecule specifically hybridizes with a complementary target RNA for endonucleation.
  • Antisense RNA, DNA, and ribozymes can be obtained using any existing RNA or DNA synthesis techniques, such as solid-phase phosphate amide chemical synthesis to synthesize oligonucleotides.
  • Antisense RNA molecules can be obtained by in vitro or in vivo transcription of a DNA sequence encoding the RNA.
  • This DNA sequence has been integrated downstream of the vector's RNA polymerase promoter.
  • it can be modified in a variety of ways, such as increasing the sequence length on both sides, and the phosphorothioate or peptide bond instead of the phosphodiester bond is used for the ribonucleoside linkage.
  • the polynucleotide encoding fibrinogen 9 can be used for the diagnosis of diseases related to fibrinogen 9
  • the polynucleotide encoding fibrinogen 9 can be used to detect the expression of fibrinogen 9 or the condition of fibrinogen 9 in a disease state Abnormal expression.
  • the DNA sequence encoding fibrinogen 9 can be used to hybridize biopsy specimens to determine the expression of fibrinogen 9.
  • Hybridization techniques include Southern blotting, Nor thern blotting, in situ hybridization, and the like. These techniques and methods are publicly available and mature, and related kits are commercially available.
  • a part or all of the polynucleotides of the present invention can be used as probes to be fixed on a micro array or a DNA chip (also called a "gene chip") for analyzing differential expression analysis and gene diagnosis of genes in tissues.
  • RNA-polymerase with fibrinogen 9 specific primers RT-PCR can also be used to detect fibrinogen 9 transcripts.
  • Detecting mutations in the fibrinogen 9 gene can also be used to diagnose fibrinogen 9-related diseases.
  • the forms of fibrinogen 9 mutations include point mutations, translocations, deletions, recombinations, and any other abnormalities compared to normal wild-type fibrinogen 9 DNA sequences. Mutations can be detected using existing techniques such as Southern blotting, DNA sequence analysis, PCR, and in situ hybridization. In addition, mutations may affect protein expression, so Northern blotting and Western blotting can be used to indirectly determine whether a gene is mutated.
  • the sequences of the invention are also valuable for chromosome identification.
  • the sequence specifically targets a specific position on a human chromosome and can hybridize to it.
  • specific sites for each gene on the chromosome need to be identified.
  • only a few chromosome markers based on actual sequence data are available for marking chromosome positions.
  • the important first step is to locate these DM sequences on a chromosome.
  • a PCR primer (preferably 15-35bp) is prepared from the cDNA, and the sequence can be located on the chromosome. These primers were then used for PCR screening of somatic hybrid cells containing individual human chromosomes. Only those heterozygous cells containing the human gene corresponding to the primer will produce amplified fragments.
  • PCR localization of somatic hybrid cells is a quick way to localize DNA to specific chromosomes.
  • oligonucleotide primers of the present invention in a similar manner, a set of fragments from a specific chromosome or a large number of genomic clones can be used to achieve sublocalization.
  • Other similar strategies that can be used for chromosomal localization include in situ hybridization, chromosome pre-screening with labeled flow sorting, and pre-selection of hybridization to construct chromosome-specific cDNA libraries.
  • Fluorescent in situ hybridization of cDNA clones with metaphase chromosomes allows precise chromosomal localization in a single step.
  • FISH Fluorescent in situ hybridization
  • the physical location of the sequence on the chromosome can be correlated with the genetic map data. These data can be found in, for example, V. Mckusick, Mendel ian Inheritance in Man (available online with Johns Hopkins University Welch Medical Library). Linkage analysis can then be used to determine the relationship between genes and diseases that have been mapped to chromosomal regions.
  • the differences in cDNA or genomic sequences between the affected and unaffected individuals need to be determined. If a mutation is observed in some or all diseased individuals and the mutation is not observed in any normal individuals, the mutation may be the cause of the disease. Comparing affected and unaffected individuals usually involves first looking for structural changes in the chromosome, such as deletions or translocations that are visible at the chromosomal level or detectable using cDNA sequence-based PCR. Based on the resolution capabilities of current physical mapping and gene mapping technologies, The cDNA of the disease-related chromosomal region can be one of 50 to 500 potentially pathogenic genes (assuming 1 megabase mapping resolution and one gene per 20 kb).
  • the polypeptides, polynucleotides and mimetics, agonists, antagonists and inhibitors of the present invention can be used in combination with a suitable pharmaceutical carrier.
  • suitable pharmaceutical carrier can be water, glucose, ethanol, salts, buffers, glycerol, and combinations thereof.
  • the composition comprises a safe and effective amount of the polypeptide or antagonist, and carriers and excipients which do not affect the effect of the drug. These compositions can be used as drugs for the treatment of diseases.
  • the invention also provides a kit or kit containing one or more containers containing one or more ingredients of the pharmaceutical composition of the invention.
  • a kit or kit containing one or more containers containing one or more ingredients of the pharmaceutical composition of the invention.
  • these containers there may be instructional instructions given by government agencies that manufacture, use, or sell pharmaceuticals or biological products, which prompts permission for administration on the human body by government agencies that produce, use, or sell.
  • the polypeptides of the invention can be used in combination with other therapeutic compounds.
  • the pharmaceutical composition can be administered in a convenient manner, such as by a topical, intravenous, intraperitoneal, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intranasal or intradermal route of administration.
  • Fibrinogen 9 is administered in an amount effective to treat and / or prevent a specific indication.
  • the amount and dosage range of fibrinogen 9 administered to a patient will depend on many factors, such as the mode of administration, the health conditions of the person to be treated, and the judgment of the diagnostician.

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Description

一种新的多肽一一纤维蛋白原 9和编码这种多肽的多核苷酸 技术领域
本发明属于生物技术领域, 具体地说, 本发明描述了一种新的多肽一一纤维蛋 白原 9, 以及编码此多肽的多核苷酸序列。 本发明还涉及此多核苷酸和多肽的制备 方法和应用。 背景技术
纤维蛋白原为脊髓动物血凝固过程中的一个基本蛋白, 其为一六聚体蛋白含有 三个不同的链 ( α 、 β及 γ ), 这三个不同的链之间以二硫键互相连接在一起。 纤 维蛋白原三个链的 Ν 末端片段在进化上是相关的, 且这三个链均含有链互相连接 所需的半胱氨酸残基。 但 cc链的 C 末端与 β及 γ链的 C 末端无明显的相似性, 而 β链的 C末端与 γ链的 C末端均含有一由 270个氨基酸残基组成的结构域 [Xu X, Doo l i t t le R. F. , 1984, Proc Nat l Acad Sc i U. S. A. , 87: 2097-2101]„ 该结构 域是三链交互结合在一起, 形成活性空间结构的中心区域。
研究发现, 这一结构域含有四个半胱氨酸残基参与形成两个二硫键, 该结构域 如下图所示:
XX
'C : 为保守的半胱氨酸残基参与二硫键的形成。
'*' : 为保守序列片段的位置。
现在哺乳动物 T细胞特异蛋白的 C末端、 果蝇 Scabrous蛋白的 C末端等均发现含 有该结构域, 该结构域在蛋白中可能参与蛋白与蛋白间的相互作用。 在这一结构 域的第四个半胱氨酸的周围还含有一如下所示的保守的一致性序列片段:
W-W- [LIVMFYW] -X ( 2 ) - C-X ( 2 ) - [GSA] -X ( 2 ) -N-G (其中 C涉及二硫键的形成 ); 所有的含有该结构域的蛋白均含有这一保守的一致性序列片段, 该序列片段是蛋 白间相互作用的重要区域。
纤维蛋白原是生物体内血液凝固过程中的一个重要组成成分, 该蛋白原的缺失 将导致生物体血液无法正常凝固, 从而引发各种相关的血液系统疾病。 同时, 含 有上述结构域的蛋白在生物体蛋白相互作用过程中亦起着极为重要的作用, 其在 各种组织均有一定的表达。 该类蛋白的表达与生物体内各种免疫系统疾病的发生 及一些肿瘤及癌症的发生相关。 由上可知, 该蛋白在生物体内的表达异常与一些 血液系统疾病、 免疫系统疾病及各种肿瘤及癌症的发生均有密切的关系。 由于如上所述纤维蛋白原 9 蛋白在机体重要功能中起重要作用, 而且相信这些 调节过程中涉及大量的蛋白, 因而本领域中一直需要鉴定更多参与这些过程的纤 维蛋白原 9 蛋白, 特别是鉴定这种蛋白的氨基酸序列。 新纤维蛋白原 9 蛋白编码 基因的分离也为研究确定该蛋白在健康和疾病状态下的作用提供了基础。 这种蛋 白可能构成开发疾病诊断和 /或治疗药的基础, 因此分离其编码 DNA是非常重要的。 发明的公开
本发明的一个目的是提供分离的新的多肽一一纤维蛋白原 9 以及其片段、 类似 物和衍生物。
本发明的另一个目的是提供编码该多肽的多核苷酸。
本发明的另一个目的是提供含有编码纤维蛋白原 9的多核苷酸的重组载体。 本发明的另一个目的是提供含有编码纤维蛋白原 9 的多核苷酸的基因工程化宿 主细胞。
本发明的另一个目的是提供生产纤维蛋白原 9的方法。
本发明的另一个目的是提供针对本发明的多肽一一纤维蛋白原 9的抗体。
本发明的另一个目的是提供了针对本发明多肽一一纤维蛋白原 9 的模拟化合 物、 拮抗剂、 激动剂、 抑制剂。
本发明的另一个目的是提供诊断治疗与纤维蛋白原 9异常相关的疾病的方法 ,:. 本发明涉及一种分离的多肽, 该多肽是人源的, 它包含: 具有 SEQ I D No. 2 氨基酸序列的多肽、 或其保守性变体、 生物活性片段或衍生物。 较佳地, 该多肽 是具有 SEQ I D NO: 2 氨基酸序列的多肽。
本发明还涉及一种分离的多核苷酸, 它包含选自下组的一种核苷酸序列或其 变体:
(a)编码具有 SEQ I D No. 2氨基酸序列的多肽的多核苷酸;
(b)与多核苷酸(a)互补的多核苷酸;
(c)与(a)或(b)的多核苷酸序列具有至少 70%相同性的多核苷酸。
更佳地, 该多核苷酸的序列是选自下组的一种: (a)具有 SEQ I D NO: 1 中 323-568位的序列; 和(b)具有 SEQ I D NO: 1 中 1 -2 079位的序列。
本发明另外^及一种含有本发明多核苷酸的载体, 特别是表达载体; 一种用 该载体遗传工程化的宿主细胞, 包括转化、 转导或转染的宿主细胞; 一种包括培 养所述宿主细胞和回收表达产物的制备本发明多肽的方法。
本发明还涉及一种能与本发明多肽特异性结合的抗体。
本发明还涉及一种筛选的模拟、 激活、 拮抗或抑制纤维蛋白原 9蛋白活性的化 合物的方法, 其包括利用本发明的多肽。 本发明还涉及用该方法获得的化合物。
本发明还涉及一种体外检测与纤维蛋白原 9蛋白异常表达相关的疾病或疾病 易感性的方法, 包括检测生物样品中所述多肽或其编码多核苷酸序列中的突变, 或者检测生物样品中本发明多肽的量或生物活性。
本发明也涉及一种药物组合物, 它含有本发明多肽或其模拟物、 激活剂、 拮 抗剂或抑制剂以及药学上可接受的载体。
本发明还涉及本发明的多肽和 /或多核苷酸在制备用于治疗癌症、 发育性疾病 或免疫性疾病或其它由于纤维蛋白原 9表达异常所引起疾病的药物的用途。
本发明的其它方面由于本文的技术的公开, 对本领域的技术人员而言是显而 易见的。 本说明书和权利要求书中使用的下列术语除非特别说明具有如下的含义: "核酸序列" 是指寡核苷酸、 核苷酸或多核苷酸及其片段或部分, 也可以指基因 组或合成的 DM或 RNA , 它们可以是单链或双链的, 代表有义链或反义链。 类似地, 术语 "氨基酸序列" 是指寡肽、 肽、 多肽或蛋白质序列及其片段或部分。 当本发 明中的 "氨基酸序列" 涉及一种天然存在的蛋白质分子的氨基酸序列时, 这种 "多 肽" 或 "蛋白质" 不意味着将氨基酸序列限制为与所述蛋白质分子相关的完整的 天然氨基酸。
蛋白质或多核苷酸 "变体" 是指一种具有一个或多个氨基酸或核苷酸改变的 氨基酸序列或编码它的多核苷酸序列。 所述改变可包括氨基酸序列或核苷酸序列 中氨基酸或核苷酸的缺失、 插入或替换。 变体可具有 "保守性" 改变, 其中替换 的氨基酸具有与原氨基酸相类似的结构或化学性质, 如用亮氨酸替换异亮氨酸。 变体也可具有非保守性改变, 如用色氨酸替换甘氨酸。
"缺失" 是指在氨基酸序列或核苷酸序列中一个或多个氨基酸或核苷酸的缺 失。
"插入" 或 "添加" 是指在氨基酸序列或核苷酸序列中的改变导致与天然存在 的分子相比, 一个或多个氨基酸或核苷酸的增加。 "替换" 是指由不同的氨基酸或 核苷酸替换一个或多个氨基酸或核苷酸。 ' "生物活性" 是指具有天然分子的结构、 调控或生物化学功能的蛋白质 类似 地, 术语 "免疫学活性" 是指天然的、 重组的或合成蛋白质及其片段在合适的动 物或细胞中诱导特定免疫反应以及与特异性抗体结合的能力。
"激动剂" 是指当与纤维蛋白原 9结合时, 一种可引起该蛋白质改变从而调节 该蛋白质活性的分子。 激动剂可以包括蛋白质、 核酸、 碳水化合物或任何其它可 结合纤维蛋白原 9的分子。
"拮抗剂" 或 "抑制物" 是指当与纤维蛋白原 9结合时, 一种可封闭或调节纤 维蛋白原 9的生物学活性或免疫学活性的分子。 拮抗剂和抑制物可以包括蛋白质、 核酸、 碳水化合物或任何其它可结合纤维蛋白原 9的分子。
"调节" 是指纤维蛋白原 9的功能发生改变, 包括蛋白质活性的升高或降低、 结合特性的改变及纤维蛋白原 9的任何其它生物学性质、 功能或免疫性质的改变。
"基本上纯' '是指基本上不含天然与其相关的其它蛋白、 脂类、 糖类或其它物质 本领域的技术人员能用标准的蛋白质纯化技术纯化纤维蛋白原 9。 基本上纯的纤维 蛋白原 9 在非还原性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶上能产生单一的主带。 纤维蛋白原 9 多肽的 纯度可用氨基酸序列分析。
"互补的" 或 "互补" 是指在允许的盐浓度和温度条件下通过碱基配对的多核 苷酸天然结合。 例如, 序列 "C-T-G-A " 可与互补的序列 "G-A-C-T" 结合 两个 单链分子之间的互补可以是部分的或全部的。 核酸链之间的互补程度对于核酸链 之间杂交的效率及强度有明显影响。
"同源性" 是指互补的程度, 可以是部分同源或完全同源。 "部分同源" 是指 一种部分互补的序列, 其至少可部分抑制完全互补的序列与靶核酸的杂交,. 这种 杂交的抑制可通过在严格性程度降低的条件下进行杂交 ( Southern印迹或 Nor thern 印迹等) 来检测。 基本上同源的序列或杂交探针可竞争和抑制完全同源的序列与 靶序列在的严格性程度降低的条件下的结合。 这并不意味严格性程度降低的条件 允许非特异性结合, 因为严格性程度降低的条件要求两条序列相互的结合为特异 性或选择性相互作用。
"相同性百分率" 是指在两种或多种氨基酸或核酸序列比较中序列相同或相似 的百分率。 可用电子方法测定相同性百分率, 如通过 MEGALIGN程序 ( La sergene sof tware package, DNASTAR, Inc. , Mad i son Wi s. )。 MEGALIGN程序可根据不同的 方法如 C l us ter法比较两种或多种序列(H i gg ins , D. G. 和 P. M. Sharp ( 1988) Gene 73: 237-244)。 Clus ter法通过检查所有配对 间的距离将各组序列排列成蔟. 然后将各簇以成对或成组分配。 两个氨基酸序列如序列 A和序列 B之间的相同性百 分率通过下式计算:
序列 A与序列 B之间匹配的残基个数
1 00 序列 A的残基数-序列 A中间隔残基数-序列 B中间隔残基数
也可以通过 C l us ter法或用本领域周知的方法如 Jot un He in 测定核酸序列之间 的相同性百分率(He in J. , (1990) Methods in emzumo logy 183: 625-645) 0
"相似性" 是指氨基酸序列之间排列对比时相应位置氨基酸残基的相同或保 守性取代的程度。 用于保守性取代的氨基酸例如, 带负电荷的氨基酸可包括天冬 氨酸和谷氨酸; 带正电荷的氨基酸可包括赖氨酸和精氨酸; 具有不带电荷的头部 基团有相似亲水性的氨基酸可包括亮氨酸、 异亮氨酸和缬氨酸; 甘氨酸和丙氨酸; 天冬酰胺和谷氨酰胺; 丝氨酸和苏氨酸; 苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸。
"反义" 是指与特定的 DNA或 RNA序列互补的核苷酸序列。 "反义链" 是指与 "有 义链" 互补的核酸链。
"衍生物" 是指 HFP或编码其的核酸的化学修饰物。 这种化学修饰物可以是用 烷基、 酰基或氨基替换氢原子。 核酸衍生物可编码保留天然分子的主要生物学特 性的多肽。
"抗体" 是指完整的抗体分子及其片段, 如 Fa、 ?(^') 2及? , 其能特异性结 合纤维蛋白原 9的抗原决定簇。
"人源化抗体" 是指非抗原结合区域的氨基酸序列被替换变得与人抗体更为相 似, 但仍保留原始结合活性的抗体。
"分离的" 一词指将物质从它原来的环境 (例如, 若是自然产生的就指其天然 环境) 之中移出。 比如说, 一个自然产生的多核苷酸或多肽存在于活动物中就是 没有被分离出来, 但同样的多核苷酸或多肽同一些或全部在自然系统中与之共存 的物质分开就是分离的。 这样的多核苷酸可能是某一载体的一部分, 也可能这样 的多核苷酸或多肽是某一组合物的一部分。 既然载体或组合物不是它天然环境的 成分, 它们仍然是分离的。 如本发明所用, "分离的" 是指物质从其原始环境中分离出来 (如果是天然的 物质, 原始环境即是天然环境)。 如活体细胞内的天然状态下的多聚核苷酸和多肽 是没有分离纯化的, 但同样的多聚核苷酸或多肽如从天然状态中同存在的其他物 质中分开, 则为分离纯化的。
如本文所用, "分离的纤维蛋白原 9" 是指纤维蛋白原 9 基本上不含天然与 其相关的其它蛋白、 脂类、 糖类或其它物质。 本领域的技术人员能用标准的蛋 白质纯化技术纯化纤维蛋白原 9。 基本上纯的多肽在非还原聚丙烯酰胺凝胶上 能产生单一的主带。 纤维蛋白原 9多肤的纯度能用氨基酸序列分析。
本发明提供了一种新的多肽一一纤维蛋白原 9 , 其基本上是由 SEQ ID N0: 2所 示的氨基酸序列组成的。 本发明的多肽可以是重组多肽、 天然多肽、 合成多肽, 优选重组多肽。 本发明的多肽可以是天然纯化的产物, 或是化学合成的产物, 或 使用重组技术从原核或真核宿主(例如, 细菌、 酵母、 高等植物、 昆虫和哺乳动物 细胞)中产生。 根据重组生产方案所用的宿主, 本发明的多肽可以是糖基化的, 或 可以是非糖基化的。 本发明的多肽还可包括或不包括起始的甲硫氨酸残基.
本发明还包括纤维蛋白原 9 的片段、 衍生物和类似物。 如本发明所用, 术语 "片段"、 "衍生物" 和 "类似物" 是指基本上保持本发明的纤维蛋白原 9 相同的 生物学功能或活性的多肽。 本发明多肽的片段、 衍生物或类似物可以是: ( I ) 这 样一种, 其中一个或多个氨基酸残基被保守或非保守氨基酸残基 (优选的是保守 氨基酸残基) 取代, 并且取代的氨基酸可以是也可以不是由遗传密码子编码的; 或者 ( Π ) 这样一种, 其中一个或多个氨基酸残基上的某个基团被其它基团取代 包含取代基; 或者 ( Π Ι ) 这样一种, 其中成熟多肽与另一种化合物 (比如延长多 肽半衰期的化合物, 例如聚乙二醇) 融合; 或者 ( I V ) 这样一种, 其中附加的氨 基酸序列融合进成熟多肽而形成的多肽序列 (如前导序列或分泌序列或用来纯化 此多肽的序列或蛋白原序列) 通过本文的阐述, 这样的片段、 衍生物和类似物被 认为在本领域技术人员的知识范围之内。
本发明提供了分离的核酸 (多核苷酸), 基本由编码具有 SEQ ID NO: 2 氨基酸 序列的多肽的多核苷酸组成。 本发明的多核苷酸序列包括 SEQ ID NO: 1 的核苷酸 序列 本发明的多核苷酸是从人胎脑组织的 cDNA 文库中发现的。 它包含的多核苷 酸序列全长为 2079 个碱基, 其开放读框 ( 323-568 ) 编码了 81 个氨基酸。 此多肽 具有纤维蛋白原的特征序列, 可推断出该纤维蛋白原 9 具有纤维蛋白原所代表的 结构和功能。
本发明的多核苷酸可以是 DNA形式或是 RNA形式。 DNA形式包括 cDNA、 基因组 DNA 人工合成的 DNA。 DNA 可以是单链的或是双链的。 DM 可以是编码链成非编 码链 ... 编码成熟多肽的编码区序列可以与 SEQ II) NO: 1 所示的编码区序列相同或 者是简并的变异体。 如本发明所用, "简并的变异体" 在本发明中是指编码具有 SEQ II) NO: 2的蛋白质或多肽, 但与 SEQ II) NO: 1所示的编码区序列有差别的核酸序列,. 编码 SEQ ID NO: 2 的成熟多肽的多核苷酸包括: 只有成熟多肽的编码序列; 成熟多肽的编码序列和各种附加编码序列; 成熟多肽的编码序列 (和任选的附加 编码序列) 以及非编码序列。
术语 "编码多肽的多核苷酸" 是指包括编码此多肽的多核苷酸和包括附加编 码和 /或非编码序列的多核苷酸。
本发明还涉及上述描述多核苷酸的变异体, 其编码与本发明有相同的氨基酸 序列的多肽或多肽的片断、 类似物和衍生物。 此多核苷酸的变异体可以是天然发 生的等位变异体或非天然发生的变异体。 这些核苷酸变异体包括取代变异体、 缺 失变异体和插入变异体。 如本领域所知的, 等位变异体是一个多核苷酸的替换形 式, 它可能是一个或多个核苷酸的取代、 缺失或插入, 但不会从实质上改变其编 码的多肽的功能。
本发明还涉及与以上所描述的序列杂交的多核苷酸 (两个序列之间具有至少 50%, 优选具有 70%的相同性)。 本发明特别涉及在严格条件下与本发明所述多核苷 酸可杂交的多核苷酸。 在本发明中, "严格条件" 是指: (1)在较低离子强度和较 高温度下的杂交和洗脱, 如 0. 2xSSC:, 0. 1°/»SDS, 6 (TC ;或(2)杂交时加用变性剂, 如 5 (W (v/v)甲酰胺, 0. 1%小牛血清 /0. l%Fico i l, 42 °C等; 或(3)仅在两条序列之问 的相同性至少在 95%以上,更好是 97%以上时才发生杂交。 并且, 可杂交的多核苷 酸编码的多肽与 SEQ ID NO: 2所示的成熟多肽有相同的生物学功能和活性。
本发明还涉及与以上所描述的序列杂交的核酸片段。 如本发明所用, "核酸片 投"的长度至少含 10个核苷酸, 较好是至少 20-30个核苷酸, 更好是至少 50-60个 核苷酸,最好是至少 100个核苷酸以上。核酸片段也可用于核酸的扩增技术(如 PCR) 以确定和 /或分离编码纤维蛋白原 9的多核苷酸。
本发明中的多肽和多核苷酸优选以分离的形式提供, 更佳地被纯化至均质。 本发明的编码纤维蛋白原 9 的特异的多核苷酸序列能用多种方法获得。 例 如, 用本领域熟知的杂交技术分离多核苷酸。 这些技术包括但不局限于: 1 )用 探针与基因组或 cDNA 文库杂交以检出同源的多核苷酸序列, 和 2)表达文库的 抗体筛选以检出具有共同结构特征的克隆的多核苷酸片段。
本发明的 DNA片段序列也能用下列方法获得: 1)从基因组 DNA分离双链 DNA 序列; 2)化学合成 DNA序列以获得所述多肽的双链 DNA。
述提到的方法中, 分离基因组 ΜΑ 最不常用。 DNA 序列的直接化学合成 是经常选用的方法。 更经常选用的方法是 cDNA序列的分离。 分离感兴趣的 cDNA 的标准方法是从高表达该基因的供体细胞分离 mRNA 并进行逆转录, 形成质粒或 噬菌体 cDNA 文库。 提取 mRNA 的方法已有多种成熟的技术, 试剂盒也可从商业 途径获得(Qiagene)。 而构建 cDNA 文库也是通常的方法(Sarabrook, et al. , Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, Co Id Spring Harbor Laboratory. New York, 1989)。还可得到商业供应的 cDNA文库, 如 Clontech公司的不同 cDNA 文库。 当结合使用聚合酶反应技术时, 即使极少的表达产物也能克隆。
可用常规方法从这些 cDNA 文库中筛选本发明的基因。 这些方法包括(但不 限于): (DDNA-DNA 或 DNA- RNA 杂交; (2)标志基因功能的出现或丧失; (3)测 定纤维蛋白原 9 的转录本的水平; (4)通过免疫学技术或测定生物学活性, 来检 测基因表达的蛋白产物。 上述方法可单用, 也可多种方法联合应用。
在第(1)种方法中, 杂交所用的探针是与本发明的多核苷酸的任何一部分同 源, 其长度至少 10个核苷酸, 较好是至少 30个核苷酸, 更好是至少 50个核苷 酸, 最好是至少 100个核苷酸。 此外, 探针的长度通常在 2000个核苷酸之内, 较佳的为 1000个核苷酸之内。 此处所用的探针通常是在本发明的基因序列信息 的基础上化学合成的 DNA序列。 本发明的基因本身或者片段当然可以用作探针。
DNA探针的标记可用放射性同位素, 荧光素或酶(如碱性磷酸酶)等。
在第(4)种方法中, 检测纤维蛋白原 9基因表达的蛋白产物可用免疫学技术 如 Western印迹法, 放射免疫沉淀法, 酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)等。
应 用 PCR 技 术 扩 增 DNA/RNA 的 方 法 (Saiki, et al. Science 1985; 230: 1350- 1354)被优选用于获得本发明的基因。 特别是很难从文库中得到 全长的 cDNA 时, 可优选使用 RACE 法(RACE - cDNA末端快速扩增法), 用于 PCR 的引物可根据本文所公开的本发明的多核苷酸序列信息适当地选择, 并可用常 规方法合成。 可用常规方法如通过凝胶电泳分离和纯化扩增的 DNA/RNA 片 ¾,, 如上所述得到的本发明的基因, 或者各种 DNA 片段等的多核苷酸序列可用 常规方法如双脱氧链终止法(Sanger et al. PNAS, 1977, 74: 5463- 5467)测定。 这类多核苷酸序列测定也可用商业测序试剂盒等。为了获得全长的 cDNA序列, 测 序需反复进行。 有时需要测定多个克隆的 cDNA 序列, 才能拼接成全长的 cDNA 序列。
本发明也涉及包含本发明的多核苷酸的载体, 以及用本发明的载体或直接 用纤维蛋白原 9 编码序列经基因工程产生的宿主细胞, 以及经重组技术产生本 发明所述多肽的方法。
本发明中, 编码纤维蛋白原 9 的多核苷酸序列可插入到载体中, 以构成含 有本发明所述多核苷酸的重组载体。 术语 "载体" 指本领域熟知的细菌质粒、 噬菌体、 酵母质粒、 植物细胞病毒、 哺乳动物细胞病毒如腺病毒、 逆转录病毒 或其它载体。 在本发明中适用的载体包括但不限于: 在细菌中表达的基于 T7启 动子的表达载体(Rosenberg, et al. Gene, 1987, 56: 125); 在哺乳动物细胞 中表达的 pMSXND表达载体(Lee and Nathans, J Bio Chem. 263: 3521, 1988)和 在昆虫细胞中表达的来源于杆状病毒的载体。 总之, 只要能在宿主体内复制和 稳定, 任何质粒和载体都可以用于构建重组表达载体。 表达载体的一个重要特 征是通常含有复制起始点、 启动子、 标记基因和翻译调控元件。
本领域的技术人员熟知的方法能用于构建含编码纤维蛋白原 9 的 DNA 序列 和合适的转录 /翻译调控元件的表达载体。 这些方法包括体外重组 DNA技术、 DNA 合成技术、 体内重组技术等 (Sambroook, et al. Molecular Cloning, a Laboratory Manual, cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. New York, 1989)。 所 述的 DNA序列可有效连接到表达载体中的适当启动子上, 以指导 raRNA合成。 这 些启动子的代表性例子有: 大肠杆菌的 lac或 trp启动子; λ噬菌体的 PL启动 子;真核启动子包括 CMV立即早期启动子、 HSV胸苷激酶启动子、早期和晚期 SV40 启动子、 反转录病毒的 LTRs 和其它一些已知的可控制基因在原核细胞或真核细 胞或其病毒中表达的启动子。 表达载体还包括翻译起始用的核糖体结合位点和 转录终止子等。 在载体中插入增强子序列将会使其在高等真核细胞中的转录得 到增强。 增强子是 DNA表达的顺式作用因子, 通常大约有 10到 300个碱基对, 作用于启动子以增强基因的转录。 可举的例子包括在复制起始点晚期一侧的 100 到 270个碱基对的 SV40增强子、 在复制起始点晚期一侧的多瘤增强子以及腺病 毒增强子等。
此外, 表达载体优选地包含一个或多个选择性标记基因, 以提供用于选择 转化的宿主细胞的表型性状, 如真核细胞培养用的二氢叶酸还原酶、 新霉素抗 性以及绿色荧光蛋白(GFP), 或用于大肠杆菌的四环素或氨苄青霉素抗性等。
本领域一般技术人员都清楚如何选择适当的载体 /转录调控元件 (如启动 子、 增强子等) 和选择性标记基因。
本发明中, 编码纤维蛋白原 9 的多核苷酸或含有该多核苷酸的重组载体可 转化或转导入宿主细胞, 以构成含有该多核苷酸或重组载体的基因工程化宿主 细胞。 术语 "宿主细胞" 指原核细胞, 如细菌细胞; 或是低等真核细胞, 如酵 母细胞; 或是高等真核细胞, 如哺乳动物细胞。 代表性例子有: 大肠杆菌, 链 霉菌属; 细菌细胞如鼠伤寒沙门氏菌; 真菌细胞如酵母; 植物细胞; 昆虫细胞 如果蝇 S2或 Sf9; 动物细胞如 CH0、 COS或 Bowes黑素瘤细胞等。
用本发明所述的 DNA 序列或含有所述 DNA 序列的重组载体转化宿主细胞可 用本领域技术人员熟知的常规技术进行。 当宿主为原核生物如大肠杆菌时, 能 吸收 DNA 的感受态细胞可在指数生长期后收获, 用 CaC l 处理, 所用的歩骤 在本领域众所周知。 可供选择的是用 MgC l 2。 如果需要, 转化也可用电穿孔的方 法进行。 当宿主是真核生物, 可选用如下的 DNA 转染方法: 磷酸钙共沉淀法, 或者常规机械方法如显微注射、 电穿孔、 脂质体包装等。
通过常规的重组 DNA 技术, 利用本发明的多核苷酸序列可用来表达或生产 重组的纤维蛋白原 9 (Sc i ence , 1984 ; 224: 1431)。 一般来说有以下歩骤:
(1) .用本发明的编码人 纤维蛋白原 9的多核苷酸(或变异体), 或用含有该 多核苷酸的重组表达载体转化或转导合适的宿主细胞;
(2) .在合适的培养基中培养宿主细胞;
(3) .从培养基或细胞中分离、 纯化蛋白质。
在歩骤 ( 2 ) 中, 根据所用的宿主细胞, 培养中所用的培养基可选自各种 常规培养基。 在适于宿主细胞生长的条件下进行培养。 当宿主细胞生长到适当 的细胞密度后, 用合适的方法(如温度转换或化学诱导)诱导选择的启动子, 将 细胞再培养一段时间。
在歩骤 ( 3 ) 中, 重组多肽可包被于细胞内、 或在细胞膜上表达、 或分泌到 细胞外。 如果需要, 可利用其物理的、 化学的和其它特性通过各种分离方法分 离和纯化重组的蛋白。 这些方法是本领域技术人员所熟知的。 这些方法包括但 并不限于: 常规的复性处理、 蛋白沉淀剂处理(盐析方法)、 离心、 7参透破菌、 超声波处理、 超离心、 分子筛层析(凝胶过滤)、 吸附层析、 离子交换层析、 高 效液相层析(HPLC)和其它各种液相层析技术及这些方法的结合。 附图的简要说明
下列附图用于说明本发明的具体实施方案, 而不用于限定由权利要求书所 界定的本发明范围。
图 1是本发明纤维蛋白原 9在 44 - 81共 38个氨基酸和纤维蛋白原特征性结构 域的氨基酸序列同源性比较图。 上方序列是纤维蛋白原 9 , 下方序列是纤维蛋 白原特征性结构域。 Ί " 和 " : " 及 " · " 表示在两个序列间同一位置不同 氨基酸出现的概率依次减少。
图 2 为分离的纤维蛋白原 9 的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳图 (SDS-PAGE )。 9kl)a 为 蛋白质的分子量。 箭头所指为分离出的蛋白条带。 实现本发明的最佳方式
下面结合具体实施例, 进一歩阐述本发明。 应理解, 这些实施例仅用于说明本 发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。 下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法, 通 常按照常规条件如 Sambrook等人, 分子克隆: 实验室手册(New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1989)中所述的条件, 或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。 实施例 1: 纤维蛋白原 9的克隆
用异硫氰酸胍 /酚 /氯仿一歩法提取人胎脑总 RNA。 用 Quik raRNA Isolation Kit
( Qiegene 公司产品) 从总 RNA中分离 poly (A) mRNA。 2ug poly (A) mRNA经逆转录 形成 cDNA。用 Smart cDNA克隆试剂盒 (购自 Clontech )将。0 片段定向插入到 pBSK (+) 载体(Clontech公司产品)的多克隆位点上, 转化 DH5 cx , 细菌形成 cDNA文库。 用 Dye terminate cycle react ion sequencing ki t (Perk in- Elmer公司产品) 禾口 ABI 377 自动测序仪(Perkin-Elmer公司)测定所有克隆的 5'和 3'末端的序列。 将测定的 cDNA 序列与已有的公共 DNA序列数据库 (Genebank ) 进行比较, 结果发现其中一个克隆 0772B03的 cDNA序列为新的 DNA。 通过合成一系列引物对该克隆所含的插入 cDNA片 段进行双向测定。 结果表明, 0772B03克隆所含的全长 cDNA为 2079bp (如 Seq ID N0: 1 所示) , 从第 323bp至 568bp有一个 246bp的开放阅读框架 ( 0RF ) , 编码一个新的 蛋白质 (如 Seq ID NO: 2所示) 。 我们将此克隆命名为 pBS- 0772B03 , 编码的蛋白 质命名为纤维蛋白原 9。 实施例 2: cDNA 克隆的结构域分析
将本发明的纤维蛋白原 9的序列及其编码的蛋白序列, 用 GCG中的 profile scan 程 序 (Bas iclocal Alignment search tool) [Altschul, SF et a 1. J.Mol. Biol. 1990; 215: 403-10] , 在 prosite等数据库进行结构域分析。 本发明的 纤维蛋白原 9在 44 - 81与纤维蛋白原特征性结构域有同源, 同源结果示于图 1, 同源 率为 ί, 得分为义 JJ; 阈值为义 _ 实施例 3: 用 RT- PCR方法克隆编码纤维蛋白原 9的基因
用胎脑细胞总 RNA为模板, 以 oligo-dT为引物进行逆转录反应合成 cDNA,用
Qiagene的试剂盒纯化后,用下列引物进行 PCR扩增:
Primer 1: 5 - GGTGAGCGCACCAGCATGGCACAT -3 (SEQ ID NO: 3)
Primer2: S - TCTCTCATAATGAATCAAGACATC -3 (SEQ ID NO: 4)
Primerl为位于 SEQ ID NO: 1的 5,端的第 lbp开始的正向序列; Primer2为 SEQ ID NO: 1的中的 3'端反向序列。
扩增反应的条件: 在 50 μ 1的反应体积中含有 50 ol/L KC1, 10mraol/L Tris- CI, (pH8.5), 1.5ramol/L MgCl2, 200 μ mol/L dNTP, lOpmol引物, 1U的 Taq DNA聚合 酶(C 1 on t e c h公司产品)。 在 PE 9600型 DNA热循环仪(Pe r k i n-E 1 me r公司)上按下列条 件反应 25个周期: 94°C 30sec; 55°C 30sec; 72°C 2min0 在 RT- PCR时同时设 β - actin 为阳性对照和模板空白为阴性对照。 扩增产物用 QIAGEN公司的试剂盒纯化, 用 TA 克隆试剂盒连接到 pCR载体上 ( Invitrogen公司产品) 。 DNA序列分析结果表明 PCR 产物的 DNA序列与 SEQ ID NO: 1所示的 1- 2079bp完全相同。 实施例 4: Northern 印迹法分析纤维蛋白原 9基因的表达:
用一步法提取总 RNA [Anal. Biochem 1987, 162, 156-159]。 该法包括酸性硫 氰酸胍苯酚-氯仿抽提。 即用 4M异硫氰酸胍 -25mM柠檬酸钠, 0.2M乙酸钠 ( pH4.0 ) 对组织进行匀浆, 加入 1倍体积的苯酚和 1/5体积的氯仿-异戊醇 ( 49: 1 ) , 混合 后离心。 吸出水相层, 加入异丙醇 ( 0.8体积) 并将混合物离心得到 RNA沉淀 将 得到的 RNA沉淀用 70%乙醇洗涤, 干燥并溶于水中。 用 20μ§ RNA, 在含 20mM 3- ( N- 吗啉代) 丙磺酸 (pH7.0 ) -5mM乙酸钠 - ImM EDTA-2.2M甲醛的 1.2%琼脂糖凝胶上进 行电泳。 然后转移至硝酸纤维素膜上。 用 α-32Ρ dATP通过随机引物法制备 标记 的 DNA探针。 所用的 DNA探针为图 1所示的 PCR扩增的纤维蛋白原 9编码区序列(323bp 至 568bp)。 将 32P-标记的探针 (约 2 X 106cpm/ml ) 与转移了 RNA的硝酸纤维素膜在 一溶液中于 42 C杂交过夜, 该溶液包含 50%甲酰胺 - 25mM KH2P04 ( pH7.4 ) -5 χ SSC-5 x Denhardt's溶液和 200 g/ml鲑精 DNA。 杂交之后, 将滤膜在 1 x SSC- 0.1%SI)S中于 55。 (:洗 30rain。 然后, 用 Phosphor Imager进行分析和定量。 实施例 5: 重组纤维蛋白原 9的体外表达、 分离和纯化
根据 SEQ ID N0: 1和图 1所示的编码区序列, 设计出一对特异性扩增引物, 序 列如下:
Primer 3: 5'- CAT CTAGCATGAATGGGGAGCCCTC!TGTCCCC -3' ( Seq II) No: 5 )
Primer 4: 5'- CATGGATCCTTAGTGATATTTAAAGGAAAACAG -3' ( Seq ID No: 6 ) 此两段引物的 5'端分别含有 Nhel和 BamH]酶切位点, 其后分别为目的基因 5'端 和 3'端的编码序列, Nhe I和 BamHI酶切位点相应于表达载体质粒 pET-28b (Novagen 公司产品, Cat. No.69865.3)上的选择性内切酶位点。 以含有全长目的基因的 pBS - 0772B03质粒为模板, 进行 PCR反应。 PCR反应条件为: 总体积 50 μ 1中含 pBS-0772B03 质粒 10pg、 弓 I物 Primer- 3和 P:'imer- 4分另 (J为 lOpmol、 Advantage polymerase Mix ( Clontech公司产品) 1 μ 1。 循环参数: 4°C 20s, 60°C 30s, 68°C 2 min,共 25个 循环。 用 Nh e I和 BamHI分别对扩增产物和质粒 pET-28 (+)进行双酶切,分别回收大片 段,并用 T4连接酶连接。 连接产物转化用氯化钙法大肠杆细菌 DH5CX,在含卡那霉素 (终浓度 30 g/ml ) 的 LB平板培养过夜后, 用菌落 PCR方法筛选阳性克隆, 并进行 测序。 挑选序列正确的阳性克隆 ( pET- 0772B03) 用氯化钙法将重组质粒转化大肠 杆菌 BL21(DE3)PlySs(Novagen公司产品)。 在含卡那霉素 (终浓度 3(^g/ml ) 的 LB 液体培养基中, 宿主菌 BL21 (PET-0772B03) 在 37。C培养至对数生长期, 加入 IPTG 至终浓度 lmmol/L, 继续培养 5小时。 离心收集菌体, 经超声波破菌,离心收集上清, 用能与 6个组氨酸 "His- Tag ) 结合的亲和层析柱 His. Bind Quick Cartridge (Novagen公司产品) 进行层析, 得到了纯化的目的蛋白纤维蛋白原 9。 经 SI)S- PAGE 电泳, 在 ^d)a处得到一单一的条带 (图 2 ) 。 将该条带转移至 PVDF膜上用 Edams水 解法进行 N-端氨基酸序列分析, 结果 N-端 15个氨基酸与 SEQ ID NO: 2所示的 N-端 15 个氨基酸残基完全相同。 实施例 6 抗纤维蛋白原 9抗体的产生
用多肽合成仪 (PE公司产品) 合成下述纤维蛋白原 9特异性的多肽:
i2-Met-AsnH;iy-Glu-Pr()-Cys-Val-Pro-Ly8-11 -Gly-Thr-Cys-Leu-A.sn-aK)II (SEQ II) NO: 7)。 将该多肽分别与血蓝蛋白和牛血清白蛋白耦合形成复合, 方法参见: Avrameas, et al. Immunochemistry, 1969; 6: 43。 用 4mg上述血蓝蛋白多肽复合物 加上完全弗氏佐剂免疫家免, 15天后再用血蓝蛋白多肽复合物加不完全弗氏佐剂 加强免疫一次。 采用经 15 g/ml牛血清白蛋白多肽复合物包被的滴定板做 ELISA测 定免血清中抗体的滴度。 用蛋白 A-S epha r 0 s e从抗体阳性的家兔血清中分离总 I g G , 将多肽结合于溴化氰活化的 Sepharose4B柱上, 用亲和层析法从总 Ig (;中分离抗多 肽抗体。 免疫沉淀法证明纯化的抗体可特异性地与纤维蛋白原 9结合。 实施例 7: 本发明的多核苷酸片段用作杂交探针的应用
从本发明的多核苷酸中挑选出合适的寡核苷酸片段用作杂交探针有多方面的 用途, 如用该探针可与不同来源的正常组织或病理组织的基因组或 cDNA文库杂交 以鉴定其是否含有本发明的多核苷酸序列和检出同源的多核苷酸序列,进一歩还可 用该探针检测本发明的多核苷酸序列或其同源的多核苷酸序列在正常组织或病理 组织细胞中的表达是否异常。 本实施例的目的是从本发明的多核苷酸 SEQ ID NO: 1 中挑选出合适的寡核苷 酸片段用作杂交探针, 并用滤膜杂交方法鉴定一些组织中是否含有本发明的多核 苷酸序列或其同源的多核苷酸序列。 滤膜杂交方法包括斑点印迹法、 Southern 印 迹法、 Northern 印迹法和复印方法等, 它们都是将待测的多核苷酸样品固定在滤 膜上后使用基本相同的步骤杂交。 这些相同的歩骤是: 固定了样品的滤膜首先用 不含探针的杂交缓冲液进行预杂交, 以使滤膜上样品的非特异性的结合部位被载 体和合成的多聚物所饱和。 然后预杂交液被含有标记探针的杂交缓冲液替换, 并 保温使探针与靶核酸杂交。 杂交步骤之后, 来杂交上的探针被一系列洗膜歩骤除 掉。 本实施例利用较高强度的洗膜条件 (如较低盐浓度和较高的温度), 以使杂交 背景降低且只保留特异性强的信号。 本实施例选用的探针包括两类: 第一类探针 是完全与本发明的多核苷酸 SEQ ID NO: 1相同或互补的寡核苷酸片段; 第二类探 针是部分与本发明的多核苷酸 SEQ ID NO: 1相同或互补的寡核苷酸片段。 本实施 例选用斑点印迹法将样品固定在滤膜上, 在较高强度的的洗膜条件下, 第一类探 针与样品的杂交特异性最强而得以保留。
一、 探针的选用
从本发明的多核苷酸 SEQ ID NO: 1 中选择寡核苷酸片段用作杂交探针, 应遵 循以下原则和需要考虑的几个方面:
1, 探针大小优选范围为 18-50个核苷酸;
2 , GC含量为 30%- 70%, 超过则非特异性杂交增加;
3 , 探针内部应无互补区域;
4 , 符合以上条件的可作为初选探针, 然后进一歩作计算机序列分析, 包括将该 初选探针分别与其来源序列区域 (即 SEQ II) NO: 1 ) 和其它已知的基因组序 列及其互补区进行同源性比较, 若与非靶分子区域的同源性大于 85%或者有超 过 15个连续碱基完全相同, 则该初选探针一般就不应该使用;
5, 初选探针是否最终选定为有实际应用价值的探针还应进一歩由实验确定。
完成以上各方面的分析后挑选并合成以下二个探针:
探针 1 ( probel ), 属于第一类探针, 与 SEQ ID NO: 1 的基因片段完全间源 或互补 ( 41Nt )
5'- TGAATGGGGAGCCCTGTGTCCCCAAAATAGGAACTTGTCTA —3' ( SEQ ID NO: 8 ) 探针 1 ( probe2 ), 属于第二类探针, 相当于 SEQ I D NO: 1 的基因片段或其 补片投的替换突变序列 ( 41Nt ):
5'- Τ(ί AATGGGGAGt:(:( GTGTCAi: (; AAAATAGGAAi: TTGTCT A —3' ( SEQ ID NO: 9 ) 与以下具体实验步骤有关的其它未列出的常用试剂及其配制方法请参考文 献: DNA PROBES G. H. Kel ler; M. M. Manak; Stockton Press, 1989 (USA)以及更常 用的分子克隆实验手册书籍如 《分子克隆实验指南》 U998 年第二版) [美]萨姆 布鲁克等著, 科学出版社。
样品制备:
1 , 从新鲜或冰冻组织中提取 DNA
骤: 1 ) 将新鲜或新鲜解冻的正常肝组织放入浸在冰上并盛有磷酸盐缓冲液 (PBS) 的平皿中。 用剪刀或手术刀将组织切成小块。 操作中应保持组织湿润。 2 ) 以 lOOOg 离心切碎组织 10分钟。 3 ) 用冷匀浆缓冲液 ( 0.25mol/L蔗糖; 25誦 ol/L Tris-HCl, pH7.5; 25mmol/LnaCl; 25mmol/L MgC'l2 ) 悬浮沉淀 (大约 lOml/g )。 4) 在 4 C 用电动匀浆器以全速匀浆组织悬液, 直至组织被完全破碎。 5) lOOOg 离心 10分钟。 6) 用重悬细胞沉淀 (每 0. lg最初组织样品加 l-5ml ), 再以 1000g离心 10分钟。 7) 用裂解缓冲液重悬沉淀 (每 O. lg最初组织样品加 lml ), 然后接以下 的苯酚抽提法。
2, DNA的苯酚抽提法
歩骤: 1 ) 用 1- 10ml 冷 PBS 洗细胞, 1000g 离心 10分钟。 2 ) 用冷细胞裂解 液重悬浮沉淀的细胞 ( 1 X 108细胞 /ml ) 最少应用 lOOul 裂解缓冲液。 3) 加 SDS 至终浓度为 1°/», 如果在重悬细胞之前将 SDS 直接加入到细胞沉淀中, 细胞可能会 形成大的团块而难以破碎, 并降低的总产率。 这一点在抽提 >107细胞时特别严重 4) 加蛋白酶 K 至终浓度 200ug/ml。 5) 50°C保温反应 1 小时或在 Π 轻轻振摇 过夜。 6) 用等体积苯酚: 氯仿: 异戊醇 ( 25: 24: 1 ) 抽提, 在小离心机管中离 心 10分钟。 两相应清楚分离, 否则重新进行离心。 7) 将水相转移至新管。 8) 用 等体积氯仿: 异戊醇 (24: 1 ) 抽提, 离心 10分钟。 9) 将含 DNA的水相转移至新 管。 然后进行 DNA的纯化和乙醇沉淀。
3, DNA的纯化和乙醇沉淀
歩骤: 1 ) 将 1/10体积 2mol/L醋酸钠和 2倍体积冷 100。/。乙醇加到 DNA 溶液 中, 混匀。 在 -20°C放置 1 小时或至过夜。 2) 离心 10分钟。 3) 小心吸出或倒出 乙醇。 4) 用 70%冷乙醇 500ul 洗涤沉淀, 离心 5分钟。 5) 小心吸出或倒出乙醇。 用 500ul冷乙醇洗涤沉淀, 离心 5分钟。 6) 小心吸出或倒出乙醇, 然后在吸水纸 上倒置使残余乙醇流尽。 空气干燥 10-15 分钟, 以使表面乙醇挥发。 注意不要使 沉淀完全干燥, 否则较难重新溶解。 7) 以小体积 TE 或水重悬 DNA 沉淀。 低速涡 旋振荡或用滴管吹吸, 同时逐渐增加 TE, 混合至 DNA充分溶解, 每 1-5 X 10"细胞 所提取的大约加 lul。
以下第 8-13步骤仅用于必须除去污染时, 否则可直接进行第 14步骤。
8 ) 将 RNA酶 A加到 DNA溶液中, 终浓度为 100ug/ml, 37°C保温 30分钟。 9 ) 加 入 SDS和蛋白酶 K, 终浓度分别为 0.5%和 100ug/ml。 37°C保温 30分钟。 10) 用 等体积的苯酚: 氯仿: 异戊醇 ( 25: 24: 1) 抽提反应液, 离心 10 分钟。 11 ) 小 心移出水相, 用等体积的氯仿: 异戊醇 (24: 1 ) 重新抽提, 离心 10 分钟。 12 ) 小心移出水相, 加 1八 0 体积 2mol/L 醋酸钠和 2.5 体积冷乙醇, 混匀置 - 20°C 1 小时。 13) 用 70%乙醇及 100%乙醇洗涤沉淀, 空气干燥, 重悬核酸, 过程同第 3 - 6歩骤。 14) 测定 Α26β和 A28D以检测 DNA的纯度及产率。 15 ) 分装后存放于 - 2(TC。 样膜的制备:
1 ) 取 4 x 2 张适当大小的硝酸纤维素膜 (NC 膜), 用铅笔在其上轻轻标出点样 位置及样号, 每一探针需两张 NC膜, 以便在后面的实验歩骤中分别用高强度条件 和强度条件洗膜 。
2 ) 吸取及对照各 15微升, 点于样膜上, 在室温中晾干。
3 ) 置于浸润有 0. Imol/LNaOH, 1.5mol/LNaCl 的滤纸上 5分钟 (两次 ), 晾干置 于浸润有 0.5mol/L Tris-HCl ( pH7.0 ), 3mol/LNaCl 的滤纸上 5分钟 (两次), 晾 干。
4) 夹于干净滤纸中, 以铝箔包好, 60- 80。C真空干燥 2小时。
探针的标记
1 ) 3 μ lProbe( 0.10D/10 μ 1 ), 加入 2 μ IKinase缓冲液, 8-10 uCi γ- 32P- dATP+2U Kinase, 以补加至终体积 20 μ 1。
2 ) 37°C 保温 2小时。
3) 加 1/5体积的溴酚蓝指示剂 (BPB)。
4 ) 过 Sephadex G- 50柱。
5 ) 至有 32P- Probe洗出前开始收集第一峰 (可用 Monitor监测)。
6 ) 5滴 /管, 收集 10-15管。
7) 用液体闪烁仪监测同位素量
8 ) 合并第一峰的收集液后即为所需制备的 32P-Probe (第二峰为游离 γ- - dATP )。
预杂交
将样膜置于塑料袋中,加入 3-10mg预杂交液( lOxDenhardfs; 6xSSC, 0. lmg/ml CT DNA (小牛胸腺 DNA)。), 封好袋口后, 68°C水浴摇 2小时。 杂交
将塑料袋剪去一角, 加入制备好的探针, 封好袋口后, 42°C水浴摇过夜。
洗膜:
高强度洗膜:
1 ) 取出已杂交好的样膜。
2 ) 2xSSC, 0. 1%SDS中, 40°C洗 15分钟 ( 2次)。
3 ) 0. lxSSC , 0. 1¾SDS中, 40。C洗 15分钟 ( 2次)。
4 ) 0. lxSSC, 0. 1%SDS中, 55°C洗 30分钟 ( 2次), 室温晾干。 低强度洗膜:
1 ) 取出已杂交好的样膜。
2 ) 2xSSC, 0. 1%SDS中, 37°C洗 15分钟 ( 2次)。
3 ) 0. lxSSC , 0. 1%SDS中 , 37°C洗 15分钟 ( 2次)。
4 ) 0. lxSSC, 0. 1%SDS中, 40°C洗 15分钟 ( 2次), 室温晾干。
X -光自显影:
-70 , X-光自显影 (压片时间根据杂交斑放射性强弱而定)。
实验结果:
采用低强度洗膜条件所进行的杂交实验, 以上两个探针杂交斑放射性强弱没 有明显区别; 而采用高强度洗膜条件所进行的杂交实验, 探针 1 的杂交斑放射性 强度明显强于另一个探针杂交斑的放射性强度。 因而可用探针 1 定性和定量地分 析本发明的多核苷酸在不同组织中的存在和差异表达。 工业实用性
本发明的多肽以及该多肽的拮抗剂、 激动剂和抑制剂可直接用于疾病治疗, 例如, 可治疗恶性肿瘤、 肾上腺缺乏症、 皮肤病、 各类炎症、 HIV感染和免疫性疚 病等。 纤维蛋白原是纤维蛋白的前体, 它是生物体内血液凝固过程中的一个重要组 成成分。 它在细胞骨架的支撑、 移动等生理过程中也有着重要的作用, 与各种免 疫系统疾病的发生及一些肿瘤及癌症的发生相关。
特征性的纤维蛋白原 P及 γ链 C 末端结构域是其活性所必需。 由此可见, 特异 的纤维蛋白原 P及 Y链 C 末端结构域的多肽的表达异常, 将致使本发明的含此 mot i f 的多肽的功能异常, 从而导致凝血过程的异常, 也可能产生某些肿瘤。 由于 纤维蛋白原在组织纤维化及炎症修复过程中具有重要意义, 故此多肽的表达异常 可使某些组织纤维化, 可使炎症修复过程出现异常, 可出现瘢痕过多、 腔道狭窄、 伤口不愈等现象。
由此可见, 本发明的纤维蛋白原 9 的表达异常将产生各种疾病尤其是凝血 系统疾病、 组织纤维病理病变、 炎症修复异常相关疾病, 这些疾病包括但不限于: 凝血系统疾病: 凝血因子 I 缺乏症, 遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症, 播散性 血管内凝血, 过敏性紫癜, 单纯性紫癜, 老年性紫癜, 再生障碍性贫血、
组织纤维病理病变: 纤维瘤, 结节性筋膜炎, 增生性筋膜炎, 肌纤维瘤病, 纤维肉瘤, 纤维组织细胞瘤, 网状组织细胞瘤, 纤维瘤病如瘢痕疙瘩, 肺弥漫性 间质性疾患, 硒肺, 肝硬化, 前列腺增生症
炎症修复异常相关疾病: 各种组织腔道的狭窄如幽门狭窄、 损伤后气管狹窄、 二尖瓣狹窄、 主动脉狹窄、 肺动脉狭窄、 缩窄性心包炎、 胰腺囊性纤维化、 肾盂 肾炎 本发明的纤维蛋白原 9的表达异常还将产生某些遗传性疾病及免疫系统疾病 等。
本发明的多肽以及该多肽的拮抗剂、 激动剂和抑制剂可直接用于疾病治疗, 例如, 可治疗各种疾病尤其是凝血系统疾病、 组织纤维病理病变、 炎症修复异常 相关疾病, 某些遗传性疾病及免疫系统疾病等。 本发明也提供了筛选化合物以鉴定提高(激动剂)或阻遏(拮抗剂)纤维蛋白 原 9 的药剂的方法。 激动剂提高纤维蛋白原 9 刺激细胞增殖等生物功能, 而拮 抗剂阻止和治疗与细胞过度增殖有关的紊乱如各种癌症。 例如, 能在药物的存 在下, 将哺乳动物细胞或表达纤维蛋白原 9 的膜制剂与标记的纤维蛋白原 9 一 起培养。 然后测定药物提高或阻遏此相互作用的能力。
纤维蛋白原 9 的拮抗剂包括筛选出的抗体、 化合物、 受体缺失物和类似物 等。 纤维蛋白原 9 的拮抗剂可以与纤维蛋白原 9 结合并消除其功能, 或是抑制 该多肽的产生, 或是与该多肽的活性位点结合使该多肽不能发挥生物学功能。
在筛选作为拮抗剂的化合物时, 可以将纤维蛋白原 9加入生物分析测定中, 通过测定化合物对纤维蛋白原 9 和其受体之间相互作用的影响来确定化合物是 否是拮抗剂。 用上述筛选化合物的同样方法, 可以筛选出起拮抗剂作用的受体 缺失物和类似物。 能与纤维蛋白原 9 结合的多肽分子可通过筛选由各种可能组 合的氨基酸结合于固相物组成的随机多肽库而获得。 筛选时, 一般应对纤维蛋 白原 9分子进行标记。
本发明提供了用多肽, 及其片段、 衍生物、 类似物或它们的细胞作为抗原 以生产抗体的方法。 这些抗体可以是多克隆抗体或单克隆抗体。 本发明还提供 了针对纤维蛋白原 9 抗原决定簇的抗体。 这些抗体包括(但不限于): 多克隆抗 体、 单克隆抗体、 嵌合抗体、 单链抗体、 Fab片段和 Fab表达文库产生的片段。
多克隆抗体的生产可用纤维蛋白原 9 直接注射免疫动物 (如家兔, 小鼠, 大鼠等) 的方法得到, 多种佐剂可用于增强免疫反应, 包括但不限于弗氏佐剂 等。制备纤维蛋白原 9的单克隆抗体的技术包括但不限于杂交瘤技术(Koh l er and Mi l s t e i n. Na t ure, 1975, 256: 495-497) , 三瘤技术, 人 Β-细胞杂交瘤技术, EBV- 杂交瘤技术等。 将人恒定区和非人源的可变区结合的嵌合抗体可用已有的技术 生产(Mor r i son et a l , PNAS, 1985, 81 : 6851)。而已有的生产单链抗体的技术(U. S. Pa t No. 4946778)也可用于生产抗纤维蛋白原 9的单链抗体。
抗纤维蛋白原 9 的抗体可用于免疫组织化学技术中, 检测活检标本中的纤 维蛋白原 9。
与纤维蛋白原 9 结合的单克隆抗体也可用放射性同位素标记, 注入体内可 跟踪其位置和分布。 这种放射性标记的抗体可作为一种非创伤性诊断方法用于 肿瘤细胞的定位和判断是否有转移。
抗体还可用于设计针对体内某一特殊部位的免疫毒素。 如纤维蛋白原 9 高 亲和性的单克隆抗体可与细菌或植物毒素(如白喉毒素, 蓖麻蛋白, 红豆碱等) 共价结合。 一种通常的方法是用巯基交联剂如 SPDP, 攻击抗体的氨基, 通过二 硫键的交换, 将毒素结合于抗体上, 这种杂交抗体可用于杀灭纤维蛋白原 9 阳 性的细胞。
本发明中的抗体可用于治疗或预防与纤维蛋白原 9 相关的疾病。 给予适当 剂量的抗体可以刺激或阻断纤维蛋白原 9的产生或活性。
本发明还涉及定量和定位检测纤维蛋白原 9 水平的诊断试验方法。 这些试 验是本领域所熟知的, 且包括 FI SH测定和放射免疫测定。 试验中所检测的纤维 蛋白原 9 水平, 可以用作解释纤维蛋白原 9 在各种疾病中的重要性和用于诊断 纤维蛋白原 9起作用的疾病。
本发明的多肽还可用作肽谱分析, 例如, 多肽可用物理的、 化学或酶进行 特异性切割, 并进行一维或二维或三维的凝胶电泳分析,更好的是进行质谱分 析。
编码纤维蛋白原 9 的多核苷酸也可用于多种治疗目的。 基因治疗技术可用 于治疗由于纤维蛋白原 9 的无表达或异常 /无活性表达所致的细胞增殖、 发育或 代谢异常。 重组的基因治疗载体(如病毒载体)可设计用于表达变异的纤维蛋白 原 9 , 以抑制内源性的纤维蛋白原 9 活性。 例如, 一种变异的纤维蛋白原 9 可 以是缩短的、 缺失了信号传导功能域的纤维蛋白原 9, 虽可与下游的底物结合, 但缺乏信号传导活性。 因此重组的基因治疗载体可用于治疗纤维蛋白原 9 表达 或活性异常所致的疾病。 来源于病毒的表达载体如逆转录病毒、 腺病毒、 腺病 毒相关病毒、 单纯疱疹病毒、 细小病毒等可用于将编码纤维蛋白原 9 的多核苷 酸转移至细胞内。 构建携带编码纤维蛋白原 9 的多核苷酸的重组病毒载体的方 法可见于已有文献(Sambrook,e t a l . )。 另外重组编码纤维蛋白原 9 的多核苷酸 可包装到脂质体中转移至细胞内。
多核苷酸导入组织或细胞内的方法包括: 将多核苷酸直接注入到体内组织 中; 或在体外通过载体(如病毒、 噬菌体或质粒等)先将多核苷酸导入细胞中, 再将细胞移植到体内等。
抑制纤维蛋白原 9 mRNA 的寡核苷酸(包括反义 RNA和 DNA)以及核酶也在本 发明的范围之内。 核酶是一种能特异性分解特定 RNA 的酶样 RNA 分子, 其作用 机制是核酶分子与互补的靶 RNA 特异性杂交后进行核酸内切作用。 反义的 RNA 和 DNA及核酶可用已有的任何 RNA 或 DNA 合成技术获得, 如固相磷酸酰胺化学 合成法合成寡核苷酸的技术已广泛应用。 反义 RNA分子可通过编码该 RNA的 DNA 序列在体外或体内转录获得。 这种 DNA 序列已整合到载体的 RNA 聚合酶启动子 的下游。 为了增加核酸分子的稳定性, 可用多种方法对其进行修饰, 如增加两 侧的序列长度, 核糖核苷之间的连接应用磷酸硫酯键或肽键而非磷酸二酯键。
编码纤维蛋白原 9 的多核苷酸可用于与纤维蛋白原 9 的相关疾病的诊断 编码纤维蛋白原 9 的多核苷酸可用于检测纤维蛋白原 9 的表达与否或在疾病状 态下纤维蛋白原 9 的异常表达。 如编码纤维蛋白原 9 的 DNA 序列可用于对活检 标本进行杂交以判断纤维蛋白原 9的表达状况。杂交技术包括 Southern印迹法, Nor thern 印迹法、 原位杂交等。 这些技术方法都是公开的成熟技术, 相关的试 剂盒都可从商业途径得到。 本发明的多核苷酸的一部分或全部可作为探针固定 在微阵列(Mi croarray)或 DNA 芯片(又称为 "基因芯片" )上, 用于分析组织中 基因的差异表达分析和基因诊断。 用纤维蛋白原 9 特异的引物进行 RNA -聚合酶 链反应(RT- PCR)体外扩增也可检测纤维蛋白原 9的转录产物。
检测纤维蛋白原 9 基因的突变也可用于诊断纤维蛋白原 9 相关的疾病。 纤 维蛋白原 9突变的形式包括与正常野生型纤维蛋白原 9 DNA序列相比的点突变、 易位、 缺失、 重组和其它任何异常等。 可用已有的技术如 Southern印迹法、 DNA 序列分析、 PCR 和原位杂交检测突变。 另外, 突变有可能影响蛋白的表达, 因 此用 Northern印迹法、 Western印迹法可间接判断基因有无突变。
本发明的序列对染色体鉴定也是有价值的。 该序列会特异性地针对某条人 染色体具体位置且并可以与其杂交。 目前, 需要鉴定染色体上的各基因的具体 位点。 现在, 只有很少的基于实际序列数据(重复多态性)的染色体标记物可用 于标记染色体位置。 根据本发明, 为了将这些序列与疾病相关基因相关联, 其 重要的第一歩就是将这些 DM序列定位于染色体上。
简而言之, 根据 cDNA制备 PCR引物(优选 15-35bp) , 可以将序列定位于染色 体上。 然后, 将这些引物用于 PCR筛选含各条人染色体的体细胞杂合细胞。 只 有那些含有相应于引物的人基因的杂合细胞会产生扩增的片段。
体细胞杂合细胞的 PCR定位法, 是将 DNA定位到具体染色体的快捷方法。 使 用本发明的寡核苷酸引物, 通过类似方法, 可利用一组来自特定染色体的片段 或大量基因组克隆而实现亚定位。 可用于染色体定位的其它类似策略包括原位 杂交、 用标记的流式分选的染色体预筛选和杂交预选, 从而构建染色体特异的 cDNA库。
将 cDNA克隆与中期染色体进行荧光原位杂交(FISH), 可以在一个歩骤中精 确地进行染色体定位。 此技术的综述, 参见 Verma等, Human Chromosomes: a Manual of Basic Techniques, Pergamon Press, New York (1988)。
一旦序列被定位到准确的染色体位置, 此序列在染色体上的物理位置就可 以与 基因图数据相关联。 这些数据可见于例如, V.Mckusick, Mendel ian Inheritance in Man (可通过与 Johns Hopkins University Welch Medical Library联机获得)。 然后可通过连锁分析, 确定基因与业已定位到染色体区域 上的疾病之间的关系。
接着, 需要测定患病和未患病个体间的 cDNA或基因组序列差异。 如果在一 些或所有的患病个体中观察到某突变, 而该突变在任何正常个体中未观察到, 则该突变可能是疾病的病因。 比较患病和未患病个体, 通常涉及首先寻找染色 体中结构的变化, 如从染色体水平可见的或用基于 cDNA序列的 PCR可检测的缺 失或易位。 根据目前的物理作图和基因定位技术的分辨能力, 被精确定位至与 疾病有关的染色体区域的 cDNA , 可以是 5 0至 5 00个潜在致病基因间之一种(假定 1兆碱基作图分辨能力和每 20kb对应于一个基因)。
可以将本发明的多肽、 多核苷酸及其模拟物、 激动剂、 拮抗剂和抑制剂与 合适的药物载体组合后使用。 这些载体可以是水、 葡萄糖、 乙醇、 盐类、 缓冲 液、 甘油以及它们的组合。 组合物包含安全有效量的多肽或拮抗剂以及不影响 药物效果的载体和赋形剂。 这些组合物可以作为药物用于疾病治疗。
本发明还提供含有一种或多种容器的药盒或试剂盒, 容器中装有一种或多 种本发明的药用组合物成分。 与这些容器一起, 可以有由制造、 使用或销售药 品或生物制品的政府管理机构所给出的指示性提示, 该提示反映出生产、 使用 或销售的政府管理机构许可其在人体上施用。 此外, 本发明的多肽可以与其它 的治疗化合物结合使用。
药物组合物可以以方便的方式给药, 如通过局部、 静脉内、 腹膜内、 肌内、 皮下、 鼻内或皮内的给药途径。 纤维蛋白原 9 以有效地治疗和 /或预防具体的 适应症的量来给药。 施用于患者的纤维蛋白原 9 的量和剂量范围将取决于许多 因素, 如给药方式、 待治疗者的健康条件和诊断医生的判断。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种分离的多肽 -纤维蛋白原 9, 其特征在于它包含有: SEQ ID NO: 2 所示 的氨基酸序列的多肽、 或其多肽的活性片段、 类似物或衍生物。
2、 如权利要求 1 所述的多肽, 其特征在于所述多肽、 类似物或衍生物的氨基酸 序列具有与 SEQ ID NO: 2所示的氨基酸序列至少 95%的相同性。
3、 如权利要求 2 所述的多肽, 其特征在于它包含具有 SEQ ID NO: 2 所示的氨基 酸序列的多肽。
4、 一种分离的多核苷酸, 其特征在于所述多核苷酸包含选自下组中的一种:
(a) 编码具有 SEQ ID NO: 2 所示氨基酸序列的多肽或其片段、 类似物、 衍生物 的多核苷酸;
(b) 与多核苷酸 ) 互补的多核苷酸; 或
(c) 与 (a ) 或 (b ) 有至少 70%相同性的多核苷酸。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的多核苷酸,其特征在于所述多核苷酸包含编码具有 SEQ II) NO: 2所示氨基酸序列的多核苷酸。
6、 如权利要求 4所述的多核苷酸, 其特征在于所述多核苷酸的序列包含有 SEQ II) NO: 1 中 323-568位的序列或 SEQ ID NO: 1中 1-2079位的序列。
7、 一种含有外源多核苷酸的重组载体, 其特征在于它是由权利要求 4-6 中的任 一权利要求所述多核苷酸与质粒、 病毒或运载体表达载体构建而成的重组载体。
8、 一种含有外源多核苷酸的遗传工程化宿主细胞, 其特征在于它是选自于下列 一种宿主细胞:
(a) 用权利要求 7所述的重组载体转化或转导的宿主细胞; 或
(b) 用权利要求 4-6中的任一权利要求所述多核苷酸转化或转导的宿主细胞。
9、 一种具有纤维蛋白原 9活性的多肽的制备方法, 其特征在于所述方法包括:
(a) 在表达纤维蛋白原 9条件下, 培养权利要求 8所述的工程化宿主细胞;
(b) 从培养物中分离出具有纤维蛋白原 9活性的多肽。
1 ϋ、 种能与多肽结合的抗体,其特征在于所述抗体是能与纤维蛋白原 9 特异个生 结合的抗体。
11、 一类模拟或调节多肽活性或表达的化合物, 其特征在于它们是模拟、 促进、 拮抗或抑制纤维蛋白原 9的活性的化合物。
12、 如权利要求 11 所述的化合物, 其特征在于它是 SEQ ID N0: 1 所示的多核苷 酸序列或其片段的反义序列。
13、 一种权利要求 11 所述化合物的应用, 其特征在于所述化合物用于调节纤维 蛋白原 9在体内、 体外活性的方法。
14、 一种检测与权利要求 1-3 中的任一权利要求所述多肽相关的疾病或疾病易 感性的方法, 其特征在于其包括检测所述多肽的表达量, 或者检测所述多肽的活 性, 或者检测多核苷酸中引起所述多肽表达量或活性异常的核苷酸变异。
15、 如权利要求 1-3 中的任一权利要求所述多肽的应用, 其特征在于它应用于 筛选纤维蛋白原 9 的模拟物、 激动剂, 拮抗剂或抑制剂; 或者用于肽指紋图谱鉴 定。
16、 如权利要求 4-6 中的任一权利要求所述的核酸分子的应用, 其特征在于它 作为引物用于核酸扩增反应, 或者作为探针用于杂交反应, 或者用于制造基因芯 片或微阵列。
17、 如权利要求 1-6及 11 中的任一权利要求所述的多肽、 多核苷酸或化合物的 应用, 其特征在于用所述多肽、 多核苷酸或其模拟物、 激动剂、 拮抗剂或抑制剂 以安全有效剂量与药学上可接受的载体组成作为诊断或治疗与纤维蛋白原 9 异常 相关的疾病的药物组合物。
18、 权利要求 1-6及 11 中的任一权利要求所述的多肽、 多核苷酸或化合物的应 用, 其特征在于用所述多肽、 多核苷酸或化合物制备用于治疗如恶性肿瘤, 血液 病, HI V感染和免疫性疾病和各类炎症的药物。
PCT/CN2000/000611 1999-12-24 2000-12-18 Nouveau polypeptide, fibrinogene 9, et polynucleotide codant pour ce polypeptide WO2001048196A1 (fr)

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CN 99125762 CN1301733A (zh) 1999-12-24 1999-12-24 一种新的多肽——纤维蛋白原9和编码这种多肽的多核苷酸

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Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
EUR. J. HUM. GENET., vol. 5, no. 2, March 1997 (1997-03-01) - April 1997 (1997-04-01), pages 105 - 109 *
EUR. J. HUM. GENET., vol. 7, no. 5, July 1999 (1999-07-01), pages 541 - 548 *
GENOME RES., vol. 8, no. 11, November 1998 (1998-11-01), pages 1097 - 1108 *
NATURE, vol. 392, no. 6679, 30 April 1998 (1998-04-30), pages 923 - 926 *

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