WO2001023155A1 - Procede de traitement et d'extraction de composes organiques du liege, par un fluide dense sous pression - Google Patents
Procede de traitement et d'extraction de composes organiques du liege, par un fluide dense sous pression Download PDFInfo
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- WO2001023155A1 WO2001023155A1 PCT/FR2000/002653 FR0002653W WO0123155A1 WO 2001023155 A1 WO2001023155 A1 WO 2001023155A1 FR 0002653 W FR0002653 W FR 0002653W WO 0123155 A1 WO0123155 A1 WO 0123155A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cork
- under pressure
- extraction
- treatment
- based material
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0203—Solvent extraction of solids with a supercritical fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/028—Flow sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0288—Applications, solvents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0292—Treatment of the solvent
- B01D11/0296—Condensation of solvent vapours
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
- B27K2240/10—Extraction of components naturally occurring in wood, cork, straw, cane or reed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/001—Heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/007—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00 using pressure
- B27K5/008—Supercritical or high pressure fluids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K7/00—Chemical or physical treatment of cork
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67B—APPLYING CLOSURE MEMBERS TO BOTTLES JARS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; OPENING CLOSED CONTAINERS
- B67B1/00—Closing bottles, jars or similar containers by applying stoppers
- B67B1/03—Pretreatment of stoppers, e.g. cleaning, steaming, heating, impregnating or coating; Applying resilient rings to stoppers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the treatment and extraction of organic cork compounds by a dense fluid under pressure, in particular by a supercritical fluid.
- Cork is a natural, waterproof and light material, which comes from the bark of certain species of oak, such as cork oak, which are found, for the most part, in countries around the Mediterranean, in Europe and in the Maghreb.
- Cork is particularly used in the manufacture of corks, which serve to cap containers, such as bottles containing liquids intended for food, in particular wine.
- the cork stopper has been used to stop bottles of wine for many years.
- Cork is indeed a natural product which has properties particularly well suited for the conservation of wine in bottles. Cork is elastic, resilient, compressible, has a high coefficient of friction, is impermeable to liquids, with sufficient gas permeability to allow an exchange necessary for the maturation of the bottled product.
- cork taste alterations are grouped under the generic term of "cork taste". It has been shown that the majority of them are completely independent of the cork and have their origin in the wine itself or in its preparation or storage.
- the stopper taste of "real” is a taste of e putri, making the wine undrinkable. This defect is associated with the yellow spot, that is to say to the growth of a higher fungus, Armillaria ellea.
- Cork boards with yellow stains are normally discarded during the first sorting selection of cork boards.
- cork is not inert towards wine. It provides, in varying proportions, aromatic components, which can interact with wine, either positively or negatively.
- Moldy tastes are tastes of the mushroom, undergrowth and moldy type linked to the presence of organic molecules, the most often mentioned of which are: methyl isobornéol and its derivatives with a “moldy and camphorated” odor, geosmin with an “earthy” smell, methylthio-ethyl-pyrazine with a “moldy and sulfurized” smell, unsaturated C 8 alcohols and ketones with a “mushroom” smell and especially chloroanisoles, more particularly 2, 3, 4, 6-TeCA2 , 4, 6-TCA (trichloroanisole) and 2,3,4,6-TeCA (tetrachloroanisole).
- T hese chloroanisoles which are very fragrant and whose perception threshold in water is between 0.03 and 4 ng / 1, from the methylation chlorophenols very low volatility and low odor. This reaction is carried out by a very large number of molds and corresponds to a detoxification reaction of chlorophenols.
- Precursors of the chlorophenol type can have various origins and come from phytosanitary products, insecticide treatments, atmospheric pollution, reactions of degradation of the cork, following, for example, certain washing operations with hypochlorite.
- cork is subjected to various treatments, in particular to cleaning operations.
- the cleaning treatments and operations take place at different stages of the manufacture or maintenance of cork objects, such as, for example, corks.
- One treatment is the suppression of cork microorganisms, responsible for the production of undesirable metabolites, during the treatments themselves, after finishing.
- a chlorine, lime chloride or hypochlorite wash is carried out, followed by a wash with oxalic acid, according to a traditional process, or else a peroxide wash (peroxide of hydrogen or peracetic acid), or alternatively with sulfamic acid, or alternatively a washing with metabisulfite, using an SO 2 solution.
- the stoppers After the stoppers have been finished, the stoppers are washed or not, by injection of SO 2 , with ethylene oxide or by gamma irradiation.
- the most common method of removing volatile flavoring compounds is by using hot or boiling water, known as "boiling".
- the parts are placed in an enclosure heated to 120 ° C for 10 minutes, a vacuum is then created, then the pressure is restored by letting the water vapor penetrate.
- the enclosure is then brought to 130 ° C. for
- the CHAMPCORK process consists of placing the parts in an enclosure saturated with water vapor at
- the document US Pat. No. 5,364,475 relates to a process for treating wood, in particular a process for extracting compounds of the pentachlorop enol (PCP) type or from other nonionic biocidal organic compounds, in which the wood is first cut into pieces of adequate size, then is subjected to a treatment with a fluid in the supercritical state, for example C0 2 .
- PCP pentachlorop enol
- a modifying or cosolventing agent chosen from methanol, ethanol and acetone, is preferably added to the supercritical fluid in a proportion of 1 to 10% by weight, which makes it possible to increase the yield of the extraction.
- pentachlorophenol trichloroanisole and tetrachloroanisole are excluded
- Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Profile level 0.1 ppm
- the outer shell of the treated trunks is mentioned in this patent without it being specified whether it is cork or even bark because the outer layer of which they speak can also be made up in part. of wood if the impregnation process resulted in a strong penetration into the PCP material.
- cork or cork corresponds to a very precise definition of a type of material and also of essence.
- the cork oak corresponds to a very particular species not mentioned in the cited American patent.
- the treated product must be divided into particles the size of which cannot exceed 1 to 5 mm in thickness, but it is shown in table 7 that above 0.25 mm the extraction yield decreases very quickly. This grinding and shredding step is extremely disadvantageous and means that this process cannot in any case be used to treat cork sheets or corks.
- document DE-A-4 223 029 describes a process for extracting tar oil from old wood or wood waste, in which the wood is first ground to a size of 10 to 40 mm, then is brought into contact with a supercritical extraction fluid, such as CO 2 or an aliphatic hydrocarbon of 3 to 5 carbon atoms, for a sufficient time to reduce the tar oil concentration to a desired level.
- a supercritical extraction fluid such as CO 2 or an aliphatic hydrocarbon of 3 to 5 carbon atoms
- a cosolvent such as ethanol or isopropanol, can be added to the supercritical fluid, at a rate of 2 to 5% by volume relative to the water content of the wood.
- Document WO-A-98/16288 relates to a process and an installation for the extraction of inorganic and / or optionally organic compounds which are pollutants by a supercritical fluid, such as C0 2 , from a material, such as wood.
- the polluting organic compounds extracted are, in particular polychlorobiphenyls, chlorophenols and polychlorophenols (PCP), lindane, polyaromatic organic compounds, insecticides, fungicides, and other adjuvants likely to be found in wood.
- a cosolvent such as water
- cork is an extremely specific material, the properties of which are in particular different from those of wood, mainly as regards concerns its elasticity and density. It can be added that the chemical constitution of cork is very different from that of wood, particularly with regard to the composition of suberin, lignin and cellulose.
- the chemical composition of cork is generally as follows:
- Cork cellulose is in free form. 6% tannins
- This process should also preferably simultaneously eliminate or limit the presence and proliferation of microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, in the cork.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating cork, which meets, among other things, all of the needs and requirements mentioned above.
- the object of the present invention is also to provide a method for treating cork, which does not have the defects, disadvantages, limitations, and drawbacks of the methods of the prior art and which solves the problems of the methods of the prior art.
- This object and others are achieved, according to the invention, by a process for treating cork or a cork-based material, in which the cork or said cork-based material is brought into contact with a dense fluid under pressure at a temperature of 10 to 120 ° C and under a pressure of 10 to 600 bars.
- cork is meant materials made of cork to the exclusion of any other material, while by material based on cork treated by the process according to the invention, is meant materials comprising a generally majority proportion of cork, composite materials based on cork, etc. As will be seen below, cork or the material based on cork can be a shaped material or not.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a cork or a material based on treated cork whose properties are excellent, and equivalent, or even superior to those of cork or material based on cork treated by the processes of the art. without suffering from their disadvantages.
- the use of the fluid in the dense state under pressure under the above conditions makes it possible to advantageously replace and / or improve the conventional methods of cleaning and / or decontaminating cork.
- the fluid in the dense state, under pressure is preferably brought into contact with the cork or the cork-based material at a pressure of 100 to 300 bars and at a temperature of 40 to 80 ° C. .
- said dense fluid, under pressure is a fluid in the supercritical state, that is to say that the dense fluid is under pressure and at a temperature, such that the fluid is in the supercritical state.
- a gaseous compound is used, for example, under normal temperature and pressure conditions, and its density is increased by increasing its pressure.
- the extracting properties of the fluid can be varied in a controlled manner by acting on the two parameters of temperature and pressure, while remaining in the dense and under pressure, preferably supercritical, domain of the fluid in question: thus , increasing pressure and temperature increase the solubilization capacity, while decreasing pressure decreases viscosity and increases diffusivity.
- compression / decompression cycles preferably very rapid, with, for example, an amplitude of the pressure variation of 10 to 100 bars, and time intervals. from 10 seconds to a few minutes, for example, 10 minutes, all for example, for 1 to a few hours, for example, 10 hours.
- cork is an extremely specific material, and that the use of a dense fluid under pressure to treat cork can in no case deduce from the implementation of this same fluid to treat the wood.
- the method according to the invention applies to cork originating from a very particular species of tree (Quercus suber L.) which undergoes successive lifts so that its bark leads to a material whose properties are totally different from wood bark of other species. The resulting applications are carried out in very different fields.
- the fluid used can be chosen, for example, from carbon dioxide; sulfur hexafluoride; nitrous oxide; nitrous oxide; light alkanes having, for example, from one to five carbon atoms, such as methane, ethane, propane, butane, isobutane, pentane; alkenes, such as ethylene and propylene; as well as certain organic liquids, such as methanol and ethanol; etc ..
- Carbon dioxide is preferred because it has the advantage of a relatively easy implementation: it is inexpensive, non-toxic, non-flammable and has easily accessible critical conditions (critical pressure: Pc 7.3 Mpa and critical temperature Te 31.1 ° C).
- C0 2 in the dense state under pressure, liquid or supercritical dissolves most organic compounds with molar masses less than or equal to 2000 g / mole. It is therefore an excellent solvent vis-à-vis organic compounds, called “undesirable”, such as, for example, pentachlorophenol (PCP) and tri and tetra-chloroanisoles (TCA and TeCA), from a natural charge contained in cork and / or accidental contamination.
- PCP pentachlorophenol
- TCA and TeCA tri and tetra-chloroanisoles
- the relative chemical inertness of C0 2 in the dense state, makes it particularly suitable for being used in a process aimed at cleaning cork or a material based on cork, in particular when this cork or this material is intended to manufacture parts for food use, such as caps.
- the two pressure and temperature characteristics make it possible to control a fluid whose solvent power is flexible in terms of solubilization, in particular of contaminating, polluting, undesirable compounds, of cork, and of extraction kinetics, in particular at inside the solid porous matrix forming the cork.
- the high volatility of C0 2 under conditions is flexible in terms of solubilization, in particular of contaminating, polluting, undesirable compounds, of cork, and of extraction kinetics, in particular at inside the solid porous matrix forming the cork.
- Treatment in a C0 2 atmosphere can avoid the risk of oxidation and improve the final surface condition of the part.
- a compound called "cosolvent” is added to the dense fluid, under pressure.
- cosolvent a compound, called "cosolvent”
- the addition of the co-solvent ensures selective extraction of undesirable organic compounds, while maintaining, as mentioned above, at acceptable levels, the content of compounds naturally present in cork, such as ceroids, suberin, lignin and cellulose.
- the addition of an appropriate cosolvent will make it possible to orient the selectivity of the extraction towards the pollutants, contaminants and undesirable organic compounds which it is desired to eliminate and extract.
- the addition of cosolvent caused, by a sort of synergistic effect, a decrease in the growth of microorganisms very much greater than that obtained for C0 2 alone, this reduction in the growth of microorganisms can thus go from a factor of 100 to a factor 1 million, when adding the co-solvent.
- said cosolvent is chosen, for example, from water, aqueous solutions, alcohols, for example, aliphatic alcohols of 1 to 5 C, such as ethanol, methanol, butanol, ketones, such as acetone, and mixtures thereof.
- alcohols for example, aliphatic alcohols of 1 to 5 C, such as ethanol, methanol, butanol, ketones, such as acetone, and mixtures thereof.
- buffer solutions for example, of phosphate and / or hydrogen phosphate, etc., to stabilize the pH of the process
- solutions of antibiotics such as penicillin, and / or of antifungals, to increase the elimination of microorganisms
- antioxidant solutions such as ascorbic acid, to stabilize the material, etc.
- said cosolvent is added to the dense fluid, under pressure, in an amount of 0.01 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.02 to 1% by weight, more preferably from 0.02 to 0, 1% by weight.
- the cosolvent if it is water, may be partly already present in the cork, and only the quantity necessary to give the concentrations mentioned above will be added to the supercritical fluid.
- the invention also relates to a process for the selective extraction of compounds organic contaminants from cork or a cork-based material, wherein said cork-based material is treated by contacting with a dense fluid under pressure under the temperature and pressure conditions according to the invention, a cosolvent being added to dense fluid under pressure.
- the above-mentioned contaminating or polluting organic compounds, to which the process of the invention can be applied, are organic compounds capable of being found in cork, and which constitute pollutants or contaminants which must be eliminated in order to allow the use cork or cork-based material, without disadvantages.
- organochlorine compounds such as lindane, and polyaromatic organic compounds (HPA) can also be extracted by the process of the invention.
- the method according to the invention is also applicable to the extraction of organic compounds of the triazole type, synthetic pyrethroids, insecticides and fungicides possibly present in the cork.
- Organic compounds in the plural, it is obvious that the process according to the invention can relate to only one organic compound.
- said organic compound contaminants, pollutants extracts are essentially and ent preferred organic compounds responsible for tastes and / or odors.
- the term “undesirable” taste or odor is generally understood to mean a taste or an odor which one does not wish the cork to present, in particular under the conditions of its use, for example, during contact with a liquid food.
- An “undesirable” taste or odor can generally be defined as a taste or odor considered “unpleasant” for most users.
- These compounds responsible for undesirable tastes and / or odors are, in particular, (poly) chlorophenols and other phenolic compounds and (poly) chloroanisoles and other derivatives of anisole, in particular pentachlorophenol (PCP), trichloroanisole (TCA) and tetrachlorosanisole (TeCA).
- PCP pentachlorophenol
- TCA trichloroanisole
- TeCA trachlorosanisole
- the extraction process according to the invention allows, surprisingly, a total, selective elimination, of the organic compounds responsible for the undesirable tastes and / or odors of cork, while maintaining a level adequate the content of a certain number of compounds, such as ceroids, suberin, tannins, lignin and cellulose, confer the physical, chemical, organoleptic and mechanical qualities essential to cork, in particular when it is used for the manufacture of stoppers .
- a certain number of compounds such as ceroids, suberin, tannins, lignin and cellulose
- the fluid used is preferably C0 2 and the cosolvent, chosen from water and aqueous solutions, is added to C0 2 under pressure, at a rate of 0, 01 to 10% by weight.
- the cosolvent chosen from water and aqueous solutions
- cosolvent for example, from 0.02 to 1% by weight, preferably from 0.02 to 0.2% by weight.
- the temperature and pressure ranges used during the extraction or treatment operation may vary, provided that the fluid always remains a dense fluid under pressure, preferably in a supercritical state, similarly, as as indicated above, compression / decompression cycles can be carried out.
- the temperature and pressure ranges depend, in particular, on the nature of the fluid used.
- Such conditions may be maintained throughout the duration of the process, or else only at the start of the extraction or treatment process, where such conditions corresponding to a high density and to a high temperature - the predominant phenomenon being solubilization - allow to extract very quickly the compounds outside the matrix.
- the duration of the treatment or extraction (that is to say the duration during which the cork or cork-based material is left in contact with the dense fluid under pressure) is one or a few minutes , for example, 10 minutes, to one or a few hours, for example, 10 hours, depending on the flow rate of the fluid and the quantity of materials to be treated. After a few minutes, that is, for example, after 5 to 20 minutes, once the materials subject to the pressure and temperature conditions of the process, the extraction is carried out very quickly thanks to a very high diffusive power.
- the level of solvent used that is to say the weight of dense fluid - solvent, preferably supercritical, used relative to the weight of cork or cork-based material, is generally
- the method according to the invention comprises, following extraction or treatment, recycling of the fluid, after one or more physicochemical separation steps making it possible to separate the fluid from the extracts.
- the first separation steps consist of a reduction in the density of the fluid by a series of expansion and successive reheating in order to approach the gaseous state.
- the process according to the invention for extracting or treating cork makes it possible to physically separate, at the end of treatment, on the one hand, cork or a material based on cork which can be used, which generally represents around 90%. 99% of the initial product, on the one hand, undesirable products, natural or artificial, organic, representing approximately less than 1% to 10% of the initial product, the handling, treatment or elimination of which can be carried out specific and therefore easily controlled, while the gas or fluid can advantageously be recycled in order to carry out a new extraction or a new treatment.
- the treatment or extraction process can be carried out in a closed circuit or in a loop, which advantageously means that thanks to an initial and constant charge of fluid, such as C0 2 , it is possible to progressively exhaust cork or cork-based material undesirable organic compounds.
- the process according to the invention advantageously comprises one or more steps, for example, up to 3 physicochemical separation steps, in which the density of the fluid is reduced, by example by a series of detents and successive reheating in number, preferably from 1 to 3, in order to approach the gaseous state.
- the conditions prevailing in these successive stages will be, for example, the following: 90 bars and 50 ° C, 70 bars and 40 ° C and 50 bars and 40 ° C.
- These extracts are in the form of more or less fluid concentrated liquids, and can be specifically treated and, if necessary, destroyed, if they are pollutants.
- the gas obtained at the end of the separation is preferably recycled to the extraction stage, where it is reconditioned, in order to return it to temperature and pressure conditions so that it is in a supercritical state , the gas can thus first be cooled to atmospheric pressure, stored in liquid form, then reheated and compressed before being sent to the actual extraction process.
- the gas is preferably purified, for example, by activated carbon, in order to eliminate the traces of volatile organic products not separated during the previous step.
- the cork or the cork-based material may, in addition, be subjected to a mechanical and / or chemical treatment.
- mechanical and / or chemical treatment is generally meant a known treatment, as has already been described above, within the framework of the description of the prior art.
- This treatment is preferably a treatment with hot or boiling water, commonly called "boiling" treatment.
- the cork or the cork-based material is shaped before or after said treatment or said extraction with the dense fluid under pressure; or prior to said mechanical and / or chemical treatment, if any, preceding said treatment or said extraction with the dense fluid under pressure; or subsequently, to said mechanical and / or chemical treatment, if appropriate, following said treatment or said extraction with the dense fluid under pressure.
- the part or parts to be cleaned that is to say the raw part or parts, before or after stamping and before or after mechanical and / or chemical treatment, preferably boiling, are subjected to contact with the fluid in the dense state, under pressure.
- this shaping, shaping or stamping is to put the cork or the cork-based material, generally pure cork, in the desired form suitable for the desired use, it may be boards, stoppers stamped or molded, for example, from caps made of composite materials, from cork parts used in the manufacture of objects or devices intended food, on the one hand, or non-food, on the other.
- the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing cork stoppers or cork-based material, which comprises at least one processing or extraction step, as described above.
- the invention further relates to an installation for manufacturing parts of cork or cork-based material, such as stoppers, which comprises an installation for treating or extracting said material by bringing it into contact with a dense fluid under pressure, under the conditions specified above.
- This step may be included in the process for manufacturing stoppers at any point thereof.
- substantially free is meant that the content of these compounds is such that the undesirable odor and / or taste caused by the compounds is not presented by the cork or the cork-based material according to the invention.
- the stoppers according to the invention are particularly suitable for capping containers, such as bottles, barrels, barrels or the like, containing food products, preferably liquids, such as wine products.
- the invention relates to a process for disinfecting and / or sanitizing cork or a cork-based material by bringing said material into contact with a dense fluid under pressure, added with a cosolvent.
- FIG. 1 represents, schematically, a side view in section of an example of installation for implementation the method of the invention
- FIG. 2 is a graph giving the cleaning efficiency E in% of cork pieces supplemented with PCP and TCA, boiled (on the right) and unboiled (on the left) for various treatment times t (in hours) and various densities of C0 2 dC0 2 (in g / 1), the columns with tight hatching relate to PCP (pentachlorophenol) and the columns with spaced hatching relate to TCA (2,4,6-trichloroanisole);
- FIG. 4 is a graph giving the logarithmic variation, variation (log), of the microbial growth as a function of the applied temperature (T (° C)) during treatment with C0 2 alone (curve in dotted lines) or with C0 2 added with water (curve in solid lines).
- Figure 1 shows, schematically, a side sectional view of the installation according to the invention.
- the volume of the extractor or autoclave is variable, it depends in particular on the quantity of cork to be treated, it can be easily determined by a person skilled in the art.
- the extractor receives the pieces of cork or cork-based material to be treated (5), for example, in the form of plates, boards, or plugs, these pieces are preferably placed in one or more supports ( s) or grid (s).
- the installation shown has only one extractor (1), it is good obvious that the installation can include several extractors, for example, from 2 to 10, arranged, for example, in series.
- the installation also includes means for bringing a fluid, such as C0 2 in the dense state and under pressure, for example in the supercritical state.
- the fluid for example, from C0 2 , coming from a recycling pipe (6), and / or possibly from a storage and make-up tank, for example, from C0 2 (7) does it enter, by means of a valve (8) in a liquefaction tank (9) provided with temperature regulation means in the form of a thermostated double jacket (10), in which circulates a suitable heat transfer fluid (11, 12).
- Said fluid such as C0 2
- a flow meter 13
- a pump 14
- a compression pump of the type diaphragm or piston or, for example, from a compressor to the extractor (1).
- the fluid for example, the pumped C0 2
- an exchanger (16) called “supercritical” exchanger , in which it is heated to be in conditions where it is in the form of a dense fluid and under pressure, in particular, a dense supercritical fluid.
- FIG. 1 also shows means for injecting a co-solvent in the form of a high pressure pump (17) supplied by a co-solvent tank (18), which allows the progressive supply of a quantity known cosolvent in the compressed fluid, via a pipe (19) connected to the fluid supply pipe of the extractor (1), upstream of the exchanger (16) and downstream of the compression pump (14). It is therefore the mixture formed by the compressed fluid and the co-solvent which is brought to working temperature by means of the exchanger (16).
- the fluid and cosolvent mixture permeates in the enclosure of the extractor (1) the pieces of cork or cork-based material to be treated (5), for example, cork sheets or corks already stamped, and extracts unwanted contaminating chemical compounds.
- one or more parts will be treated simultaneously.
- the fluid such as C0 2 will be charged more or less depending on the contact time between the two bodies.
- the supercritical fluid will be a homogeneous solution of fluid, such as C0 2 and cosolvent.
- the fluid stream such as C0 2 in which the compounds extracted from the cork are dissolved, is then sent to separation means connected to the top of the extractor or autoclave (1) and comprising, for example, three cyclone-type separators (20, 21, 22) connected in series, each of them being preceded by an automatic expansion valve (23, 24, 25).
- the gas resulting from the separation, such as C0 2 is purified, then sent to the means for recycling the fluid, which essentially comprise a pipe (6) and a “cold” exchanger (26) or liquefier, for example, in the form of a thermostatically controlled enclosure, to be directed towards the liquid reserve (9) at low temperature, maintained by means of a cooling bath which cools and liquefies the fluid (11, 12), such as C0 2 .
- the means for recycling the fluid which essentially comprise a pipe (6) and a “cold” exchanger (26) or liquefier, for example, in the form of a thermostatically controlled enclosure, to be directed towards the liquid reserve (9) at low temperature, maintained by means of a cooling bath which cools and liquefies the fluid (11, 12), such as C0 2 .
- the purification means (29) have been represented in FIG. 1 by a reflux column or an activated carbon column (29) placed on the means for recycling the fluid.
- the installation comprises regulation means (not shown), in particular of the pressure, in the various parts of the process, which include a regulation chain composed of pressure sensors, regulators and pneumatically controlled needle valves.
- cork samples were treated or cleaned by the process of the invention, using an installation similar to that of FIG. 1, the fluid being dense C0 2 , under pressure.
- this installation includes:
- liquefier in the form of a steel enclosure of about 2 liters and thermostatically controlled low temperature, via a cooling bath;
- a compression pump from 0 to 300 bar and a maximum flow of 10 kg / h
- a co-solvent pump from 0 to 300 bars to allow the progressive supply of a co-solvent, such as water at from 0.01 to 0.1% by weight, in dense C0 2 under pressure
- an extractor in the form of an autoclave with a volume of 6 liters and a maximum pressure of 300 bars with a double casing;
- the cork pieces to be treated are placed in the autoclave and are in the form of boards or plates with a dimension of a few tens of centimeters.
- the cork pieces to be treated have two different batches:
- a first batch of cork pieces has undergone a boiling operation, in accordance with the practices usually accepted for the type of material; namely, an immersion for 1 h 30 in water at 100 ° C;
- the content of PCP and TCA in the cork pieces is measured before and after treatment of these pieces by the process of the invention.
- PC compression pressure
- microbial flora culture tests yeasts, molds, aerobic mesophilic germs, enterobacteria, coliforms, bacillus and anaerobic sulfito-reducers, were carried out by counting on specific seeding media and evaluated by reducing the logarithm of the growth of this flora, after treatment with C0 2 in the dense state under pressure, with and without water as a co-solvent.
- Examples 1 and 2 below relate more particularly to the elimination of organic compounds from cork samples, previously supplemented at rates very much higher than those normally encountered in cork productions intended for the manufacture of closures.
- the process of the invention treats cork pieces representing a total amount of approximately 400 g of product.
- FIG. 2 groups together the results obtained in terms of cleaning efficiency in%, which is defined by a ratio of the masses of contaminant (PCP or TCA), measured by analysis in the parts before and after cleaning by the process of the invention and according to the following formula:
- the cleaning efficiency is given in FIG. 2 for different treatment times and for each of the PCP and TCA contaminants.
- cork (boards ) representing a total amount of approximately 400 g of product are treated by the process of the invention.
- Example 1 Unlike Example 1, these parts are subjected, in advance, a boiling treatment (immersion for 1 hour in 30 of water near 100 ° C).
- the initial rate of PNP and TCA determined by analysis, by the procedure defined above, has been found to be 50 ppb for each of the contaminants.
- Example 1 on the unboiled samples, the efficiency ranges between 84 and 92% in with regard to the extraction of PCP, a residual strength of 12 to 6 ppb for an initial charge of 75 ppb.
- the efficiency obtained on the extraction of TCA is total and equal to 100%, which corresponds to a residual TCA content below the detection limit of the analysis method used.
- Example 2 on the boiled samples, the PCP extraction efficiency turns out to be slightly better and ranges between 94 and 100%, which corresponds to a residual content ranging from 3 ppb to a value below the detection limit of the PCP and TCA analysis method for processing conditions identical to those of Example 1, but with a lower initial charge of 50 ppb in PCP and TCA.
- the extraction efficiency on the TCA is total and 100%.
- This example shows the antimicrobial efficacy of the process according to the invention, when water, as a solvent, is added to the dense fluid under pressure.
- Parts of a substrate similar to the material described (cork) are thus treated with dense C0 2 under pressure, to which water has been added, at a rate of 0.02% by weight, at a pressure of 300 bar and at a temperature ranging from 0 to 60 ° C.
- the growth of the microorganisms is determined by the procedure described above.
- the results obtained are grouped in FIG. 4, which indicates the logarithmic variation of the microbial growth obtained as a function of the temperature (in ° C.) applied during the treatment.
- the solid line curve is the curve relating to the treatment with C0 2 added with water, while that the curve in dotted lines relates to the treatment with C0 2 alone, without addition of water.
- this reduction reaches a factor of 1 million for a temperature of 40 ° C, when the C0 2 is associated with water.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (13)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
MXPA02003146A MXPA02003146A (es) | 1999-09-27 | 2000-09-26 | Procedimiento de tratamiento y de extraccion de compuestos organicos del corcho mediante un liquido denso bajo presion. |
US10/089,162 US7192490B1 (en) | 1999-09-27 | 2000-09-26 | Method for treating and extracting cork organic compounds, with a dense fluid under pressure |
CA2385289A CA2385289C (fr) | 1999-09-27 | 2000-09-26 | Procede de traitement et d'extraction de composes organiques du liege, par un fluide dense sous pression |
AT00964369T ATE254524T1 (de) | 1999-09-27 | 2000-09-26 | Verfahren zur behandlung von kork und extraktion von organischen verbindungen aus kork mit einem dichten fluid unter druck |
DE60006697T DE60006697T3 (de) | 1999-09-27 | 2000-09-26 | Verfahren zur behandlung von kork und extraktion von organischen verbindungen aus kork mit einem dichten fluid unter druck |
ES00964369T ES2216965T5 (es) | 1999-09-27 | 2000-09-26 | Procedimiento de tratamiento y de extracción de compuestos orgánicos del corcho, mediante un fluido denso bajo presión |
AU75317/00A AU780481B2 (en) | 1999-09-27 | 2000-09-26 | Method for treating and extracting cork organic compounds, with a dense fluid under pressure |
JP2001526345A JP4623902B2 (ja) | 1999-09-27 | 2000-09-26 | 圧力下の稠密な流体で有機コルク・コンパウンドを処理および抽出する方法 |
HU0202830A HU229333B1 (en) | 1999-09-27 | 2000-09-26 | Method for treating and extracting cork organic compounds, with a dense fluid under pressure |
BRPI0014329-4A BR0014329B1 (pt) | 1999-09-27 | 2000-09-26 | processos de tratamento de cortiça ou de um material à base de cortiça, e de fabricação de rolhas em cortiça ou em material à base de cortiça, instalação de fabricação de peças em cortiça, ou em material à base de cortiça, e uso de um processo. |
NZ517883A NZ517883A (en) | 1999-09-27 | 2000-09-26 | Method for treating and extracting cork organic compounds, with a dense fluid under pressure |
EP00964369A EP1216123B2 (fr) | 1999-09-27 | 2000-09-26 | Procede de traitement et d'extraction de composes organiques du liege, par un fluide dense sous pression |
US11/494,715 US7332042B2 (en) | 1999-09-27 | 2006-07-28 | Process for treatment and extraction of organic cork compounds by a dense fluid under pressure |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR99/12003 | 1999-09-27 | ||
FR9912003A FR2798879B1 (fr) | 1999-09-27 | 1999-09-27 | Procede de traitement, et d'extraction de composes organiques du liege, par un fluide dense sous pression |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/089,162 A-371-Of-International US7192490B1 (en) | 1999-09-27 | 2000-09-26 | Method for treating and extracting cork organic compounds, with a dense fluid under pressure |
US11/494,715 Continuation US7332042B2 (en) | 1999-09-27 | 2006-07-28 | Process for treatment and extraction of organic cork compounds by a dense fluid under pressure |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2001023155A1 true WO2001023155A1 (fr) | 2001-04-05 |
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Family Applications (1)
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PCT/FR2000/002653 WO2001023155A1 (fr) | 1999-09-27 | 2000-09-26 | Procede de traitement et d'extraction de composes organiques du liege, par un fluide dense sous pression |
Country Status (19)
Country | Link |
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US (2) | US7192490B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1216123B2 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP4623902B2 (fr) |
AR (1) | AR025877A1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE254524T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU780481B2 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR0014329B1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2385289C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60006697T3 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2216965T5 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2798879B1 (fr) |
HU (1) | HU229333B1 (fr) |
MA (1) | MA25496A1 (fr) |
MX (1) | MXPA02003146A (fr) |
NZ (1) | NZ517883A (fr) |
PT (1) | PT1216123E (fr) |
TN (1) | TNSN00188A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2001023155A1 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA200202407B (fr) |
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EP2774601A1 (fr) * | 2013-03-06 | 2014-09-10 | Oleos | Produit cosmétique et/ou dermatologique à base d'un extrait de liège, d'au moins une partie de l'arbre fournissant le liège, et d'au moins un corps gras naturel, son procédé de préparation et composition le contenant |
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FR2841134B1 (fr) * | 2002-06-25 | 2004-08-20 | Vincience | Composition comprenant un extrait de liege modifie par biotransformation |
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FR2928003B1 (fr) * | 2008-02-22 | 2011-09-16 | Excell Lab | Procede de controle de contamination des barriques. |
FR2936730A1 (fr) * | 2008-10-08 | 2010-04-09 | Univ La Rochelle | Procede d'extraction de molecules aromatiques indesirables du liege par un traitement thermo-hydro-mecanique de detente instantanee controlee (dic) eventuellement sous forme successive (eds) |
US20100117270A1 (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2010-05-13 | Jan Alac | Extrusion molding technique and synthetic stopper produced therefrom |
PT104384A (pt) * | 2009-02-13 | 2010-08-13 | Cork Supply Portugal S A | Método para aplicação de um tratamento, utilizando fluidos supercríticos, directamente a rolhas de cortiça natural |
EP2404647B1 (fr) | 2010-07-08 | 2013-03-27 | Dartes Krup, S.L. | Methode d'extraction de composes organiques du liege granule |
PT105500A (pt) | 2011-01-24 | 2012-07-24 | Amorim & Irmaos S A | Processo de aplicação de revestimento polimérico em rolhas de cortiça |
ES2416554B1 (es) | 2011-12-30 | 2014-06-06 | Asociacion De Investigacion De La Industria Agroalimentaria (Ainia) | Procedimiento para extraer del corcho compuestos indeseados diversos |
ES2423255B1 (es) | 2012-03-13 | 2014-10-01 | Universidad De Salamanca | Procedimiento para la eliminación de haloanisoles y halofenoles presentes en el corcho e instalación para llevar a cabo dicha eliminación |
US9651304B1 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2017-05-16 | Green Recovery Technologies, LLC | Pretreatment of biomass prior to separation of saturated biomass |
DE102014108841B3 (de) * | 2014-06-24 | 2015-05-28 | Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg | Verfahren zur Desodorierung von Lignin |
EP3175897B1 (fr) | 2015-12-04 | 2018-04-04 | Evonik Degussa GmbH | Procede ameliore d'extraction de matieres aromatiques a partir de phases liquides aqueuses et/ou contenant des graisses |
US10967293B2 (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2021-04-06 | Aurora Cannabis Enterprises Inc. | Condensible gas botanical extraction systems and methods |
EP4146364A1 (fr) | 2020-05-07 | 2023-03-15 | Amorim Cork, S.A. | Processus et système de de décontamination d'un matériau de liège |
EP3974133A1 (fr) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-03-30 | Diam Bouchage | Procédé de fabrication de bouchons destinés à l embouteillage de vins tranquilles et bouchons correspondants |
EP4219630A1 (fr) | 2022-01-26 | 2023-08-02 | Diam Bouchage | Procede de preparation de materiaux composites a partir de granules de liege et procede de fabrication d articles moules |
CZ2022450A3 (cs) * | 2022-10-31 | 2024-03-20 | Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze | Způsob úpravy recyklovaného dřeva pro snížení emise těkavých organických látek v něm obsažených |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6947887B2 (en) | 2000-08-19 | 2005-09-20 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Low speed speech encoding method based on Internet protocol |
ES2385607A1 (es) * | 2010-12-29 | 2012-07-27 | Asociación De Investigación De La Industria Agroalimentaria | Procedimiento para la adecuación organoléptica y alimentaria del corcho. |
EP2774601A1 (fr) * | 2013-03-06 | 2014-09-10 | Oleos | Produit cosmétique et/ou dermatologique à base d'un extrait de liège, d'au moins une partie de l'arbre fournissant le liège, et d'au moins un corps gras naturel, son procédé de préparation et composition le contenant |
FR3002845A1 (fr) * | 2013-03-06 | 2014-09-12 | Oleos | Produit cosmetique et/ou dermatologique a base d'un extrait de liege, d'au moins une partie de l'arbre fournissant le liege, et d'au moins un corps gras naturel, son procede de preparation et composit |
CN104210004A (zh) * | 2014-09-05 | 2014-12-17 | 中南林业科技大学 | 一种改性木材的染色方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU7531700A (en) | 2001-04-30 |
US7192490B1 (en) | 2007-03-20 |
MXPA02003146A (es) | 2003-08-20 |
NZ517883A (en) | 2004-02-27 |
EP1216123B2 (fr) | 2012-04-25 |
ES2216965T5 (es) | 2012-06-29 |
US7332042B2 (en) | 2008-02-19 |
FR2798879A1 (fr) | 2001-03-30 |
HU229333B1 (en) | 2013-11-28 |
JP4623902B2 (ja) | 2011-02-02 |
ES2216965T3 (es) | 2004-11-01 |
JP2003510198A (ja) | 2003-03-18 |
ATE254524T1 (de) | 2003-12-15 |
AU780481B2 (en) | 2005-03-24 |
DE60006697T3 (de) | 2012-07-19 |
DE60006697D1 (de) | 2003-12-24 |
AR025877A1 (es) | 2002-12-18 |
US20070017550A1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
BR0014329A (pt) | 2002-05-28 |
FR2798879B1 (fr) | 2001-10-19 |
TNSN00188A1 (fr) | 2002-05-30 |
MA25496A1 (fr) | 2002-07-01 |
PT1216123E (pt) | 2004-04-30 |
DE60006697T2 (de) | 2004-09-23 |
HUP0202830A2 (en) | 2003-03-28 |
BR0014329B1 (pt) | 2011-11-29 |
CA2385289A1 (fr) | 2001-04-05 |
EP1216123B1 (fr) | 2003-11-19 |
ZA200202407B (en) | 2003-03-26 |
EP1216123A1 (fr) | 2002-06-26 |
CA2385289C (fr) | 2010-02-16 |
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BE508867A (fr) |
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