Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
  • C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
  • C01G23/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
  • C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
  • C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
  • C01B33/18—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof
  • C01B33/181—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof by a dry process
  • C01B33/185—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof by a dry process of crystalline silica-polymorphs having molecular sieve properties, e.g. silicalites
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
  • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
  • B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
  • B01J20/18—Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
  • B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
  • B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
  • B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
  • B01J29/7049—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing rare earth elements, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, zinc, cadmium, mercury, gallium, indium, thallium, tin or lead
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
  • B01J29/89—Silicates, aluminosilicates or borosilicates of titanium, zirconium or hafnium
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B37/00—Compounds having molecular sieve properties but not having base-exchange properties
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B37/00—Compounds having molecular sieve properties but not having base-exchange properties
  • C01B37/005—Silicates, i.e. so-called metallosilicalites or metallozeosilites
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B39/00—Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
  • C01B39/02—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof
  • C01B39/026—After-treatment
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B39/00—Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
  • C01B39/02—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof
  • C01B39/04—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof using at least one organic template directing agent, e.g. an ionic quaternary ammonium compound or an aminated compound
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B39/00—Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
  • C01B39/02—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof
  • C01B39/36—Pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
  • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S423/00—Chemistry of inorganic compounds
  • Y10S423/22—MFI, e.g. ZSM-5. silicalite, LZ-241

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of a crystalline solid, comprising at least one zeolitic material, the reaction product of the crystallization being fed directly and without removal of any constituents to a continuously carried out drying, the solid thus produced per se and its use as a catalyst as Support material for catalysts, as a sorbent, as a pigment or as a filler for plastics, in particular for the production of epoxides from olefins, in turn the production of propylene oxide starting from propene using a hydroperoxide, in particular H 2 O 2 .
• zeolites are crystalline aluminosilicates with ordered channel and cage structures, the pore openings of which are in the range of micropores smaller than 0.9 nm.
• the network of such zeolites is made up of SiO 4 " and AlO 4 " tetrahedra, which are connected via common oxygen bridges.
• exchangeable cations are found in zeolites; in particular, depending on the manufacturing process, these can be cations of sodium, potassium, lithium or cesium. If one replaces these cations with protons, for example by ion exchange, the result is the correspondingly acidic solid with a zeolite structure, the so-called H-shape.
• Zeolites are now also known which contain no aluminum and in which titanium (Ti) is used instead of Si (TV) in the silicate lattice.
• Ti titanium
• TV Si
• These titanium zeolites, in particular those with an MFI-type crystal structure, and possibilities for their preparation are described, for example in EP-A 0 311 983 or
• EP-A 405 978 In addition to silicon and titanium, such materials can also be additional
• the titanium of the zeolite can be partially or completely replaced by vanadium, zirconium, chromium or niobium or a mixture of two or more thereof.
• Vanadium, zirconium, chromium or niobium to the sum of silicon and titanium and / or vanadium and / or zirconium, and / or chromium and / or niobium is in the
• Titanium zeolites are known for being able to be identified via a certain pattern in the determination of the X-ray diffraction images, and additionally via a framework vibration band in the infrared range at approximately 960 cm "1 , and thus differing from alkali titanates or crystalline or amorphous TiO 2 phases.
• Titanium zeolites with an MFI structure are known to be suitable as catalysts for oxidation reactions.
• EP-A 0 100 118 and EP-A 0 100 119 disclose a process according to which propene can be epoxidized in aqueous phase with hydrogen peroxide on titanium zeolites to propylene oxide.
• the preparation of cyclohexanone oxime from cyclohexanone by reaction with ammonia and hydrogen peroxide is described in EP-A 0 208 311.
• Further reactions using such catalysts as that Hydroxylation of aromatics and the oxidation of saturated C 2 to C 18 hydrocarbons with H 2 O 2 are known from GB-A 2 116 974 and EP-A 0 376 453.
• the aforementioned titanium zeolites are prepared by an aqueous mixture of an SiO 2 source, a titanium oxide and a nitrogenous organic base, such as tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, optionally in the presence of alkali metal hydroxide solution in a pressure vessel at elevated temperature for several hours or a few days long reacted, whereby a crystalline product is obtained. This is generally filtered off, washed, dried and calcined at elevated temperature to remove the nitrogenous organic base.
• the titanium is at least partially present in the zeolite structure in varying proportions with four, five or six-fold coordination (Behrens et al., J. Chem. Soc, Chem. Commun.
• the above-described crystallization of the titanium zeolite from suitable starting materials by hydrothermal reaction is generally carried out at temperatures from 50 to 250 ° C. over a sufficiently long period of time, an autogenous pressure being produced as a result of the temperature.
• EP-A 0 893 158 describes in the exemplary embodiments either the separation by conventional centrifugation and subsequent washing of the solid or the addition of flocculants with a subsequent centrifugation.
• the subsequent drying is carried out according to this document by spray drying or fluidized bed spray granulation drying. Both the separation of the zeolite from the suspension obtained in the crystallization and the addition of flocculants represent an additional process step, which is time-consuming and cost-intensive.
• the present invention was based on the object of providing a process for producing a crystalline solid comprising at least one zeolitic material which does not have the disadvantages mentioned above and in particular does without additional intermediate steps between crystallization and drying.
• the present invention relates to a process for producing a crystalline solid, comprising at least one zeolitic material, in which the solid is crystallized from at least one precursor compound and the reaction product from the crystallization is fed directly to drying.
• directly here means that no separation of any constituents takes place between crystallization and drying, preferably the product of the crystallization is fed to the drying without a further intermediate stage.
• the drying according to the invention is preferably carried out by means of spray drying or fluidized bed spray granulation drying, which can in each case be carried out continuously or batchwise.
• the drying is dried to the extent that a temperature in the range from 100 to 350.degree. C., preferably 100 to 250.degree becomes.
• the drying is preferably carried out in an atmosphere which comprises oxygen and at least one inert gas.
• This atmosphere is preferably circulated as a carrier gas stream. All customary inert gases such as nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, helium and argon or mixtures of two or more thereof can be used as the inert gas.
• the oxygen content of the atmosphere is preferably less than 10% by volume, more preferably less than 5% by volume.
• a flue gas mixture with a CO x content which ensures that there are no explosion problems, can be used as the inert gas, such a flue gas mixture being able to be obtained by natural gas combustion for flue gas generation and at the same time energy for the energy-intensive stages of the process can be won.
• the crystallization described at the outset is carried out in the presence of a template compound, this can be detached from the template compound which may still be adhering to the crystalline solid as dry matter in a subsequent step by means of a preferably aqueous washing solution and returned to the crystallization step.
• the main part of the template is, however, already removed during the drying of the reaction discharge, the condensable template compounds then located in the carrier gas stream being condensed out.
• the present invention thus also relates to an integrated process for producing a crystalline solid, comprising at least one zeolitic material, in which (i) the solid is continuously crystallized from at least one precursor compound in the presence of at least one template compound, (ii) the reaction product from the crystallization is continuously spray-dried, no part of the reaction product from the crystallization being separated off before drying,
• the drying is carried out in an atmosphere comprising oxygen, preferably less than 10% by volume oxygen, and at least one inert gas, this atmosphere being carried out as a carrier gas stream in a cycle,
• condensable template compounds are condensed out of the carrier gas stream after contact of the stream with the reaction discharge to be dried and are returned to (i),
• additives can be added to the reaction discharge before drying, which bind, i.e. serve the mechanical stability of the sprayed material or the doping of the sprayed material with catalytically active components, the application of metals to use the resulting solid as oxidation catalyst according to DE-A 44 25 672 to be mentioned here.
• crystalline solids which are dried or produced by the process according to the invention and which comprise at least one zeolitic material.
• the following zeolites should be mentioned in detail. Ti, Ge, Te, Ta, V, Cr, Nb, Zr zeolites and in particular Ti zeolites are preferably used.
• the Ti-containing zeolite catalysts which are generally referred to as "TS-1", “TS-2”, “TS-3”, “ZSM-48” and “ZSM-12" are particularly preferred catalysts with Ti, TTM-1, Ti-RUT, Ti-MCM-35, titanium-containing zeolites of the type “UTD-1", “CIT-5”, “CIT-1” and “SSZ-24” as well as Ti zeolites with one to call zeolite beta isomorphic framework structure.
• titanium zeolites are used, as are known, for example, from US Pat. No. 3,329,481.
• part of the Si (IV) originally present in the silicate lattice is replaced by titanium as Ti (IV).
• titanium zeolites in particular those with an MFI-type crystal structure, and possibilities for their production are described, inter alia, in US 4,410,501, EP-A 0 311 983, US 4,666,692, DE-A 3,047,798 or BE 1 001 038 described, the relevant content is fully included in the context of the present application.
• zeolites which can be used within the scope of the present invention and which have a structure different from the MFI structure are described, for example, in EP-A 0 405 978.
• zeolites of this type can also contain additional elements such as aluminum (described, inter alia, in DE-A 31 41 283), gallium (EP-A 0 266 825), boron (US 4,666,692) or small amounts of fluorine (EP- A 0 292 363) included.
• aluminum described, inter alia, in DE-A 31 41 283
• gallium EP-A 0 266 825
• boron US 4,666,692
• small amounts of fluorine EP- A 0 292 363
• titanium-containing zeolites are those with the structure of ferrierite or ⁇ -zeolite and mordenite.
• zeolite catalysts can also be used in the process according to the invention:
• Catalysts with a zeolite structure as described in DE-A 196 23 611.8, which is hereby fully incorporated by reference into the context of the present application with respect to the catalysts described therein.
• oxidation catalysts based on titanium or vanadium silicates with a zeolite structure reference being made to the structures indicated above as preferred with regard to the zeolim structure.
• These catalysts are characterized in that, as described in detail in the above application, they are shaped by solidifying shaping processes.
• noble metals from the group of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum, rhenium , Gold and silver, which are also characterized in that they have been formed by solidifying molding processes, are used.
• Such catalysts are described in DE-A 196 23 609.6, which is hereby fully incorporated by reference into the context of the present application with respect to the catalysts described therein.
• the oxidation catalyst described in DE-A 196 23 609.6 has a content of 0.01 to 30% by weight, in particular 0.05 to 15% by weight, especially 0.1 to 8% by weight, in each case based on the amount of titanium or vanadium zeolites, the precious metals mentioned. Palladium is particularly preferred.
• the noble metals can be applied to the catalyst in the form of suitable noble metal components, for example in the form of water-soluble salts, before, during or after the solidifying shaping step.
• the following catalysts can also be used according to the invention:
• a molded article containing at least one porous oxidic material which is obtainable by a process comprising the following steps: (I) adding a mixture containing a porous oxidic material or a
• step (II) Kneading, shaping, drying and calcining the mixture added in step (I).
• Solids containing silicon dioxide can also be produced according to the invention by a process which comprises the following step (I):
• catalysts which can be used well are shaped articles which have an inert support and preferably at least one silicate applied thereon crystalline silicate, obtainable by applying a mixture comprising at least one silicate and at least one metal acid ester or a hydrolyzate thereof or a combination of metal acid ester and hydrolyzate thereof on the inert support, as described in DE-A 197 54 924.1, the relevant content of this application is also incorporated by reference into the present application.
• Shaped bodies comprising at least one silicate and at least one metal oxide can also be produced according to the invention by a process which comprises the following step (i):
• titanium silicalites with a RUT structure can be used according to the invention, which can be produced by a process which comprises the steps (i) and (ii):
• Silicate structure [4 4 5 4 6 2 ] and [4 4 5 6 6 5 8 '] are suitable. Details regarding these catalysts can be found in DE-A 198 39 792.5.
• silicas described in DE-A 198 47 630.2 with mesopores and micropores can be used according to the invention, which preferably have one or more of the following features (i) to (iii):
• the zeolite-containing crystalline solids produced by the process according to the invention can be used in the customary manner as catalysts, support materials for catalysts, sorbents, as a pigment or as a filler for plastics, the use in particular for the production of alkylene oxides starting from alkenes
• a hydroperoxide in particular for the production of propylene oxide by reacting propene with H 2 O 2 , is to be mentioned.
• the crystallization product was transferred via a pipeline to a spray dryer (Niro) without further separation or purification steps and sprayed in a stream of 3 to 17 hours via a nozzle.
• the inlet temperature was 230 ° C with an outlet temperature of 110 to 120 ° C.
• Nitrogen with 2% by volume oxygen was used as the carrier gas.
• the amount of drying gas was 70 Nm 3 / h, the drying gas was preheated to 110 ° C. with the exhaust gas.
• the yield of SiO 2 in the titanium zeolite was 94% via the integrated steps of crystallization and spray drying.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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• Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
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• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
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• 1999
  • 1999-08-20 DE DE19939416A patent/DE19939416A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2000
  • 2000-08-08 WO PCT/EP2000/007704 patent/WO2001014251A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2000-08-08 ES ES00962299T patent/ES2365320T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-08-08 EP EP10181285A patent/EP2347997A3/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2000-08-08 KR KR1020097013088A patent/KR100961445B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2000-08-08 AU AU74083/00A patent/AU7408300A/en not_active Abandoned
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• 2004
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• 2011
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