WO2001009580A1 - Sensor line - Google Patents

Sensor line Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001009580A1
WO2001009580A1 PCT/DE2000/002475 DE0002475W WO0109580A1 WO 2001009580 A1 WO2001009580 A1 WO 2001009580A1 DE 0002475 W DE0002475 W DE 0002475W WO 0109580 A1 WO0109580 A1 WO 0109580A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensor line
insulator
line according
conductor
plastic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2000/002475
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Andreas Burkert
Original Assignee
Scc Special Communication Cables Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scc Special Communication Cables Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Scc Special Communication Cables Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2001009580A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001009580A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/10—Contact cables, i.e. having conductors which may be brought into contact by distortion of the cable
    • H01B7/102—Contact cables, i.e. having conductors which may be brought into contact by distortion of the cable responsive to heat
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/32—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for indicating defects, e.g. breaks or leaks
    • H01B7/324—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for indicating defects, e.g. breaks or leaks comprising temperature sensing means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sensor line according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the device described in WO 97/44874 for fighting a fire in a cable duct is intended to effectively suppress the spread of the flames and prevent the generation of large amounts of toxic and / or corrosive gases.
  • This is achieved in that a pipe filled with a pressurized fire extinguishing agent is laid continuously in the cable duct, the wall of this pipe being made of a material whose melting point is less than the flash point used for the sheaths of the cables or lines Materials.
  • the pipe is thus destroyed by the flames shortly after a fire has started, so that the extinguishing agent is at the hottest point, i.e. emerges at the source of the fire.
  • Sensor elements containing optical waveguide fibers and responding to temperature changes are known, for example, from DE 195 20 826, EP 0 421 967 AI, EP 0 501 323 B1 and WO 89/02063.
  • the object of the invention is to create a sensor line with which physical or chemical changes in the surroundings of an object to be protected (e.g. a cable, bundle of cables or lines, etc.), in particular a
  • the sensor cable should also be easy to install and can also be retrofitted in cable ducts etc. This object is achieved by a sensor line with the features specified in patent claim 1.
  • the dependent ones Claims relate to advantageous developments and refinements of the sensor line.
  • the proposed sensor line contains at least one inner conductor, an insulator enveloping the inner conductor on all sides and an outer conductor, the insulator being made of a material whose conductivity or insulation behavior is influenced by external physical or chemical processes (occurrence of moisture, electromagnetic fields or vibrations) ; Touch; exposure to gas or heat, etc.) changes.
  • the material serving as an insulator can in particular be a plastic that conducts at higher temperatures. It is of course also possible as
  • a polymer with a negative temperature coefficient of electrical conductivity (NTC behavior) is particularly suitable as the insulator material, the polymer only becoming conductive above a temperature of, for example, T ⁇ 80 ° C.
  • the insulator is preferably applied by extrusion.
  • it can consist of the conductive plastic W PVC 404 LF.
  • PVC-free plastics with the corresponding properties can also be used.
  • the insulator material is processed at higher temperatures and take-off speeds than is usual in the extrusion of cable sheaths. This causes the insulator material to stretch, that is to say a partial separation of the electrical conductivity in the plastic. calling particles.
  • the stretching of the polymer is only reversed when it is heated to a temperature T> 80 ° C (the respective "transition temperature” depends on the plastic used and the extrusion parameters) and the plastic is thereby electrically conductive.
  • T> 80 ° C the respective "transition temperature” depends on the plastic used and the extrusion parameters
  • a crosslinking of the polymer following the extrusion process stabilizes the effect caused by stretching the material and thus the insulating / conducting property of the insulator layer.
  • the sensor line can also be laid / arranged either separately or parallel to cables and / or lines.
  • the "conductor-NTC-insulation-conductor” structure can also be applied to commercially available cables and thus a large-scale temperature control can be implemented.
  • Figure 1 shows the schematic structure of a sensor line in side view.
  • Fi ' g. 4 shows a sensor cable with a coaxial structure in cross section
  • FIG. 5 shows an electrical or optical cable with a sensor line in cross section.
  • the sensor line which is not shown to scale in FIG. 1, contains a wire serving as the inner conductor 2 and, for example, made of copper or another metallic material, and an insulator 4 enveloping the inner conductor 2 on all sides, the insulator 4 being made of a higher temperature (for example T> 80 ° C) there is conductive polymer extrudate with NTC behavior.
  • the insulator 4 is encased by an aluminum foil serving as an outer conductor 6, which is surrounded by a PUR or PE jacket 8.
  • Inner conductor 2 and outer conductor 6 are connected to one another via a current fault circuit 10. This triggers an alarm as soon as the insulator material changes to the conductive state at higher temperatures and thereby Internal and external conductors short-circuit.
  • the location of the potential source of the fire is carried out (not shown) by means of a convention ionel ⁇ len reflectometer.
  • the 2 has a flat structure (“ribbon cable”). It contains two metal strips 12, in particular copper strips, embedded in the insulator 16 and arranged separately from one another as conductor elements.
  • the insulator 14 again consists of a conductor that conducts at higher temperatures
  • the jacket 16 enveloping the insulator 14 is made, for example, of PUR, PA or PE.
  • the insulator material becomes conductive and short-circuits the two metal strips 12 which are at different potentials to apply the same potential and to detect a short circuit between the metal strips 12 then serving as the inner conductor and an outer metal foil (outer conductor) applied to the insulator 4 and lying at a different potential by means of the current error circuit.
  • FIG. 3 shows the cross section of a sensor line constructed in the form of a two-wire line.
  • a sensor line constructed in the form of a two-wire line.
  • two copper wires 12 with a round cross section serve as conductor elements. These wires 12 are again in a higher one
  • the jacket 16 can be made of PUR or PE, for example.
  • FIG. 4 shows the cross section of a third exemplary embodiment of the sensor line in the form of a coaxial line, consisting of a central inner conductor 18 made of copper, a plastic insulator 14 which conducts at higher temperatures, the outer conductor 16 arranged concentrically with respect to the inner conductor 14 Foil or copper wire mesh) and the PUR, PA or PE sheath 17.
  • 5 shows a communication cable with an integrated sensor line.
  • the cable consists of a two-wire transmission element 20, a three-wire transmission element 22, the sensor line 24 shown in FIG. 3 and a plastic sheath 26.
  • the electrical transmission elements 20/22 it is of course also possible to use optical transmission elements (glass fibers).
  • the sensor cable can also be integrated in the power cable or combined with the stranding elements to form a bundle.

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  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)

Abstract

At present, fires in cable shafts are very difficult to detect and localize at an early stage. For this reason, it would be advantageous to use a detector element that quickly responds to an increase in temperature. According to the invention, the sensor line placed in the cable shaft is essentially comprised of an internal conductor (2), of an insulator (4) which is electrically conductive at higher temperatures and which covers said internal conductor (2), of an external conductor (6) and of a plastic sheathing (8). A short circuit between the internal conductor (2) and the exterior conductor (6) can be easily detected in the case of a fire by virtue of the fact that the polymer which serves as an insulator material becomes conductive at temperatures exceeding approximately 80 °C.

Description

Beschreibung description
Sensorleitungsensor line
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Sensorleitung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a sensor line according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
Die in der WO 97/44874 beschriebene Einrichtung zur Bekämpfung eines Brandes in einem Kabelschacht soll die Ausbreitung der Flammen wirkungsvoll unterdrücken und die Entstehung größerer Mengen giftiger und/oder korrosiver Gase verhindern. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, daß ein mit einem unter Überdruck stehenden Feuerlöschmittel gefülltes Rohr im Kabelschacht durchgehend verlegt ist, wobei die Wand dieses Rohres aus ei- nem Material besteht, dessen Schmelzpunkt kleiner ist als der Flammpunkt der für die Mäntel der Kabel bzw. Leitungen verwendeten Materialien. Das Rohr wird somit schon kurz nach dem Entstehen eines Brandes durch die Flammen lokal zerstört, so daß das Löschmittel an der heißesten Stelle, d.h. am Brand- herd austritt.The device described in WO 97/44874 for fighting a fire in a cable duct is intended to effectively suppress the spread of the flames and prevent the generation of large amounts of toxic and / or corrosive gases. This is achieved in that a pipe filled with a pressurized fire extinguishing agent is laid continuously in the cable duct, the wall of this pipe being made of a material whose melting point is less than the flash point used for the sheaths of the cables or lines Materials. The pipe is thus destroyed by the flames shortly after a fire has started, so that the extinguishing agent is at the hottest point, i.e. emerges at the source of the fire.
Lichtwellenleiter-Fasern enthaltende, auf Temperaturänderungen ansprechende Sensorelemente sind beispielsweise aus der DE 195 20 826, der EP 0 421 967 AI, der EP 0 501 323 Bl und der WO 89/02063 bekannt.Sensor elements containing optical waveguide fibers and responding to temperature changes are known, for example, from DE 195 20 826, EP 0 421 967 AI, EP 0 501 323 B1 and WO 89/02063.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Schaffung einer Sensorleitung, mit der sich physikalische oder chemische Veränderungen in der Umgebung eines zu schützenden Objektes (z.B. eines Ka- bels, Kabel- bzw. Leitungsbündels usw.), insbesondere einThe object of the invention is to create a sensor line with which physical or chemical changes in the surroundings of an object to be protected (e.g. a cable, bundle of cables or lines, etc.), in particular a
Brandherd in einem Kabelschacht, nachweisen lassen. Die Sensorleitung soll zudem einfach zu installieren sein und sich auch nachträglich in Kabelschächten etc. verlegen lassen. Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Sensorleitung mit den in Pa- tentanspruches 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst. Die abhängigen Ansprüche betreffen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen der Sensorleitung.Check the source of the fire in a cable duct. The sensor cable should also be easy to install and can also be retrofitted in cable ducts etc. This object is achieved by a sensor line with the features specified in patent claim 1. The dependent ones Claims relate to advantageous developments and refinements of the sensor line.
Die vorgeschlagene Sensorleitung enthält zumindest einen In- nenleiter, einen den Innenleiter allseitig umhüllenden Isolator und einen Außenleiter, wobei der Isolator aus einem Material besteht, dessen Leitfähigkeit oder Isolationsverhalten sich unter dem Einfluß äußerer physikalischer oder chemischer Vorgänge (Auftreten von Feuchtigkeit, elektromagnetischen Feldern oder Erschütterungen; Berührung; Gas- oder Wärmeeinwirkung usw.) ändert.The proposed sensor line contains at least one inner conductor, an insulator enveloping the inner conductor on all sides and an outer conductor, the insulator being made of a material whose conductivity or insulation behavior is influenced by external physical or chemical processes (occurrence of moisture, electromagnetic fields or vibrations) ; Touch; exposure to gas or heat, etc.) changes.
Bei dem als Isolator dienenden Material kann es sich insbesondere um einen bei höheren Temperaturen leitenden Kunst- stoff handeln. Es ist selbstverständlich auch möglich, alsThe material serving as an insulator can in particular be a plastic that conducts at higher temperatures. It is of course also possible as
Sensorelemente dienende optische Fasern in eine konventionelle Isolatorschicht einzubetten und deren sich mit der Temperatur änderndes Ubertragungsverhalten (Signaldämfung) auszuwerten.Embedding optical fibers serving sensor elements in a conventional insulator layer and evaluating their transmission behavior (signal attenuation) that changes with temperature.
Als Isolatormaterial kommt insbesondere ein Polymer mit einem negativen Temperaturkoeffizient der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit (NTC-Verhalten) in Betracht, wobei das Polymer erst oberhalb einer Temperatur von beispielsweise T « 80°C in den leitenden Zustand übergeht.A polymer with a negative temperature coefficient of electrical conductivity (NTC behavior) is particularly suitable as the insulator material, the polymer only becoming conductive above a temperature of, for example, T <80 ° C.
Der Isolator wird vorzugsweise durch Extrusion aufgebracht. Er kann insbesondere aus dem leitfähigen Kunststoff W PVC 404 LF bestehen. Es können aber auch PVC-freie Kunststoffe mit den entsprechenden Eigenschaften zum Einsatz kommen.The insulator is preferably applied by extrusion. In particular, it can consist of the conductive plastic W PVC 404 LF. However, PVC-free plastics with the corresponding properties can also be used.
Das Isolatormaterial wird bei höheren Temperaturen und Abzugsgeschwindigkeiten als bei der Extrusion von Kabelmänteln üblich verarbeitet. Hierdurch kommt es zu einer Streckung des Isolatorraaterials, also zu einer partiellen Trennung der im Kunststoff vorhandenen, die elektrische Leitfähigkeit hervor- rufenden Partikel. Die Streckung des Polymers wird erst bei einer Erwärmung auf eine Temperatur T > 80 °C (die jeweilige "Sprungtemperatur" hängt vom verwendeten Kunststoff den Ex- trusionsparametern ab) wieder aufgehoben und der Kunststoff dadurch elektrisch leitend. Eine dem Extrusionsprozeß folgende Vernetzung des Polymers stabilisiert den durch Streckung des Materials hervorgerufenen Effekt und damit die isolierenden/leitenden Eigenschaft der Isolatorschicht.The insulator material is processed at higher temperatures and take-off speeds than is usual in the extrusion of cable sheaths. This causes the insulator material to stretch, that is to say a partial separation of the electrical conductivity in the plastic. calling particles. The stretching of the polymer is only reversed when it is heated to a temperature T> 80 ° C (the respective "transition temperature" depends on the plastic used and the extrusion parameters) and the plastic is thereby electrically conductive. A crosslinking of the polymer following the extrusion process stabilizes the effect caused by stretching the material and thus the insulating / conducting property of the insulator layer.
Die Sensorleitung kann darüber hinaus entweder separat oder parallel zu Kabeln und/oder Leitungen verlegt/angeordnet werden.The sensor line can also be laid / arranged either separately or parallel to cables and / or lines.
Mit Hilfe der Sensorleitung können Wärmequellen und damit po- tentielle Brandherde rechtzeitig entdeckt und mögliche Brände durch Einleitung entsprechender Gegenmaßnahmen verhindert werden. Wird der spezielle Isolator der Sensorleitung bei höheren Temperaturen leitend, löst der dadurch verursachte Kurzschluß zwischen den beiden auf unterschiedlichen Poten- tialen liegenden Leitern Alarm aus. Ein durch den Temperaturanstieg hervorgerufener Spannungsabfall in der Isolatorschicht ermöglicht einer intelligenten Auswerteeinheit, z.B. einem konventionellen Impulsreflektometer, den Ausbruch eines Brandes festzustellen sowie den Brandherd sehr genau zu loka- lisieren. Durch eine einfache Stromfehlerschaltung wird der Kurzschluß zwischen Innen- und Außenleiter detektiert, der Brandherd mit dem Impulsreflektometer lokalisiert und sofort Alarm ausgelöst.With the help of the sensor cable, heat sources and thus potential sources of fire can be discovered in good time and possible fires can be prevented by taking appropriate countermeasures. If the special insulator of the sensor cable becomes conductive at higher temperatures, the resulting short circuit between the two conductors at different potentials triggers an alarm. A voltage drop in the insulator layer caused by the temperature rise enables an intelligent evaluation unit, e.g. a conventional pulse reflectometer to determine the outbreak of a fire and to pinpoint the source of the fire very precisely. The short circuit between the inner and outer conductor is detected by a simple current fault circuit, the source of the fire is localized with the pulse reflectometer and an alarm is triggered immediately.
Weiterhin kann die Struktur "Leiter-NTC-Isolierung-Leiter" auch auf handelsübliche Leitungen aufgebracht und damit eine großflächige Temperaturkontrolle realisiert werden.Furthermore, the "conductor-NTC-insulation-conductor" structure can also be applied to commercially available cables and thus a large-scale temperature control can be implemented.
Durch die Verwendung eines extrudierbaren, bei höheren Tempe- raturen elektrisch leitenden Kunststoffes läßt sich einBy using an extrudable plastic that is electrically conductive at higher temperatures, one can
"Schaltereffekt" erzielen, d.h. sobald die Umgebungstempera- tur einen vom verwendeten Isolatormaterial abhängigen Maximalwert überschreitet, kommt es zu einem einfach zu detektie- renden, einen potentiellen Brandherd anzeigenden Kurzschluß zwischen Innen- und Außenleiter der Sensorleitung.Achieve "switch effect", ie as soon as the ambient temperature If a maximum value depends on the insulator material used, there is an easily detectable short circuit between the inner and outer conductors of the sensor line, indicating a potential source of fire.
Weitere Vorteile und Eigenschaften der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden, auf die Zeichnungen bezug nehmenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele. Es zeigen:Further advantages and properties of the invention result from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1 den schematischen Aufbau einer Sensorleitung in Seitenansicht;Figure 1 shows the schematic structure of a sensor line in side view.
Fig. 2 eine bandförmige Sensorleitung im Querschnitt;2 shows a band-shaped sensor line in cross section;
Fig. 3 eine zwei Kupferleiter enthaltende Sensorleitung im Querschnitt;3 a cross section of a sensor line containing two copper conductors;
Fi'g. 4 eine einen koaxialen Aufbau aufweisende Sensorleitung im Querschnitt undFi ' g. 4 shows a sensor cable with a coaxial structure in cross section and
Fig. 5 ein mit einer Sensorleitung ausgestattetes elektrisches oder optisches Kabel im Querschnitt.5 shows an electrical or optical cable with a sensor line in cross section.
Die in Fig. 1 nicht maßstabsgetreu dargestellte Sensorleitung enthält einen als Innenleiter 2 dienenden und beispielsweise aus Kupfer oder einem anderen metallischen Material gefertigten Draht sowie einen den Innenleiter 2 allseitig umhüllenden Isolator 4, wobei der Isolator 4 aus einem bei höheren Temperaturen (z.B. T > 80 °C) leitfähigen Polymerextrudat mit NTC- Verhalten besteht. Den Isolator 4 umhüllt eine als Außenleiter 6 dienende Aluminiumfolie, welche von einem PUR- oder PE- Mantel 8 umgeben ist. Innenleiter 2 und Außenleiter 6 sind über eine Stromfehlerschaltung 10 miteinander verbunden. Diese löst Alarm aus, sobald das Isolatormaterial bei höheren Temperaturen in den leitenden Zustand übergeht und dadurch Innen- und Außenleiter kurzschließt. Die Lokalisierung des potentiellen Brandherdes erfolgt mittels eines konventionel¬ len Impulsreflektometers (nicht dargestellt) .The sensor line, which is not shown to scale in FIG. 1, contains a wire serving as the inner conductor 2 and, for example, made of copper or another metallic material, and an insulator 4 enveloping the inner conductor 2 on all sides, the insulator 4 being made of a higher temperature (for example T> 80 ° C) there is conductive polymer extrudate with NTC behavior. The insulator 4 is encased by an aluminum foil serving as an outer conductor 6, which is surrounded by a PUR or PE jacket 8. Inner conductor 2 and outer conductor 6 are connected to one another via a current fault circuit 10. This triggers an alarm as soon as the insulator material changes to the conductive state at higher temperatures and thereby Internal and external conductors short-circuit. The location of the potential source of the fire is carried out (not shown) by means of a convention ionel ¬ len reflectometer.
Die Fig. 2 gezeigte Sensorleitung besitzt einen flachem Aufbau („Bandleitung") . Sie enthält zwei in den Isolator 16 eingebettete und getrennt voneinander angeordnete Metallbänder 12, insbesondere Kupferbänder, als Leiterelemente. Der Isolator 14 besteht wieder aus einem bei höheren Temperaturen lei- tenden Kunststoff. Der den Isolator 14 umhüllende Mantel 16 ist beispielsweise aus PUR, PA oder PE gefertigt. Im Falle eines Brandes wird das Isolatormaterial leitend und schließt die beiden, auf unterschiedlichen Potentialen liegenden Metallbänder 12 kurz. Es ist selbstverständlich auch möglich, die Metallbänder 12 mit demselben Potential zu beaufschlagen und einen Kurzschluß zwischen den dann als Innenleiter dienenden Metallbändern 12 und einer auf den Isolator 4 aufgebrachten, auf einem anderen Potential liegenden äußeren Metallfolie (Außenleiter) mittels der Stromfehlerschaltung zu detektieren.2 has a flat structure (“ribbon cable”). It contains two metal strips 12, in particular copper strips, embedded in the insulator 16 and arranged separately from one another as conductor elements. The insulator 14 again consists of a conductor that conducts at higher temperatures The jacket 16 enveloping the insulator 14 is made, for example, of PUR, PA or PE. In the event of a fire, the insulator material becomes conductive and short-circuits the two metal strips 12 which are at different potentials to apply the same potential and to detect a short circuit between the metal strips 12 then serving as the inner conductor and an outer metal foil (outer conductor) applied to the insulator 4 and lying at a different potential by means of the current error circuit.
Die Fig. 3 zeigt den Querschnitt einer in Form einer Zweidrahtleitung aufgebauten Sensorleitung. Als Leiterelemente dienen beispielsweise zwei Kupferdrähte 12 mit rundem Quer- schnitt. Diese Drähte 12 sind wieder in einen bei höheren3 shows the cross section of a sensor line constructed in the form of a two-wire line. For example, two copper wires 12 with a round cross section serve as conductor elements. These wires 12 are again in a higher one
Temperaturen leitenden Isolator 14 eingebettet. Der Mantel 16 kann beispielsweise aus PUR oder PE bestehen.Temperature-conducting insulator 14 embedded. The jacket 16 can be made of PUR or PE, for example.
Die Fig. 4 zeigt den Querschnitt eines dritten Ausfüh- rungsbeispiels der Sensorleitung in Form einer Koaxialleitung, bestehend aus einem zentralen Innenleiter 18 aus Kupfer, einem bei höheren Temperaturen leitenden Kunststoffiso- lator 14, dem konzentrisch bezüglich des Innenleiters 14 angeordneten Außenleiter 16 (AI-Folie oder Cu-Drahtgeflecht) und dem PUR-, PA- oder PE- Mantel 17. Die Fig. 5 zeigt ein Nachrichtenkabel mit integrierter Sensorleitung. Das Kabel besteht aus einem zweiadrigen Übertragungselement 20, einem dreiadrigen Übertragungselement 22, der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Sensorleitung 24 und einem Kunst- stoffmantel 26. Anstelle der elektrischen Übertragungselemente 20/22 können selbstverständlich auch optische Ubertra- gungselemente (Glasfasern) Verwendung finden. Die Sensorleitung kann auch in Stromkabel integriert oder mit den Versei- lelementen zu einem Bündel zusammengefaßt werden. 4 shows the cross section of a third exemplary embodiment of the sensor line in the form of a coaxial line, consisting of a central inner conductor 18 made of copper, a plastic insulator 14 which conducts at higher temperatures, the outer conductor 16 arranged concentrically with respect to the inner conductor 14 Foil or copper wire mesh) and the PUR, PA or PE sheath 17. 5 shows a communication cable with an integrated sensor line. The cable consists of a two-wire transmission element 20, a three-wire transmission element 22, the sensor line 24 shown in FIG. 3 and a plastic sheath 26. Instead of the electrical transmission elements 20/22, it is of course also possible to use optical transmission elements (glass fibers). The sensor cable can also be integrated in the power cable or combined with the stranding elements to form a bundle.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Sensorleitung, mit mindestens zwei durch einen Isolator (4, 14) getrennten Leiterelementen (4, 12, 18, 6, 16), d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß der Isolator (4, 14) aus einem Werkstoff besteht, dessen leitende Eigenschaften durch äußere physikalische oder chemische Ereignisse veränderbar ist.1. Sensor line, with at least two by an insulator (4, 14) separate conductor elements (4, 12, 18, 6, 16), characterized in that the insulator (4, 14) consists of a material whose conductive properties by external physical or chemical events are changeable.
2. Sensorleitung nach Anspruch 1, g e k e n n z e i c h n e t durch einen bei höheren Temperaturen elektrisch leitenden Kunststoff als Isolator (4, 14) .2. Sensor line according to claim 1, g e k e n n z e i c h n e t by an electrically conductive plastic at higher temperatures as an insulator (4, 14).
3. Sensorleitung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kunststoff einen negativen Temperaturkoeffizienten der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit aufweist.3. Sensor line according to claim 2, characterized in that the plastic has a negative temperature coefficient of electrical conductivity.
4. Sensorleitung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, da- durch gekennzeichnet, daß sie mit einer Ummantelung (8,4. Sensor line according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it with a sheath (8,
26) versehen ist.26) is provided.
5. Sensorleitung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, gekennzeichnet durch ein leitendes Polymer als Kunststoff.5. Sensor line according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by a conductive polymer as a plastic.
6. Sensorleitung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kunststoff erst oberhalb einer ca. 80°C betragenden Temperatur leitend wird.6. Sensor line according to claim 5, characterized in that the plastic only becomes conductive above a temperature of approximately 80 ° C.
7. Sensorleitung nach einem der Anspruch 2 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kunststoff extrudiert ist. 7. Sensor line according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the plastic is extruded.
8. Sensorleitung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kunststoff (4, 14) gestreckt ist und eingelagerte leitende Partikel aufweist.8. Sensor line according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the plastic (4, 14) is stretched and has embedded conductive particles.
9. Sensorleitung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch einen Innenleiter (2,12,18) und einen Außenleiter (6,16).9. Sensor line according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by an inner conductor (2,12,18) and an outer conductor (6,16).
10. Sensorleitung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Außenleiter (6,16) den Innenleiter (2,12,18) konzentrisch umschließt. 10. Sensor line according to claim 9, characterized in that the outer conductor (6, 16) concentrically surrounds the inner conductor (2, 12, 18).
PCT/DE2000/002475 1999-07-28 2000-07-27 Sensor line WO2001009580A1 (en)

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DE19935439.1 1999-07-28
DE1999135439 DE19935439A1 (en) 1999-07-28 1999-07-28 Sensor cable

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DE102014108870B4 (en) 2014-06-25 2023-02-16 Peter Herges Method and device for arc detection

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