WO2001007374A1 - Composition de verre a base de borate ou d'aluminosilicate convenant pour l'amplification optique - Google Patents

Composition de verre a base de borate ou d'aluminosilicate convenant pour l'amplification optique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001007374A1
WO2001007374A1 PCT/US2000/016626 US0016626W WO0107374A1 WO 2001007374 A1 WO2001007374 A1 WO 2001007374A1 US 0016626 W US0016626 W US 0016626W WO 0107374 A1 WO0107374 A1 WO 0107374A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mol
weight
parts
sum
composition
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2000/016626
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Yves A. Brocheton
James E. Dickinson, Jr.
David Jacob
Michel Prassas
Original Assignee
Corning Incorporated
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Corning Incorporated filed Critical Corning Incorporated
Priority to CA002380051A priority Critical patent/CA2380051A1/fr
Priority to JP2001512466A priority patent/JP2003505327A/ja
Priority to EP00941481A priority patent/EP1204612A1/fr
Priority to AU56185/00A priority patent/AU5618500A/en
Publication of WO2001007374A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001007374A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
    • C03C4/0071—Compositions for glass with special properties for laserable glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/095—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing rare earths

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to glass compositions, which are suited for use in
  • WDM telecommunication systems employing optical amplification at wavelengths particularly in the third telecom window, i.e. near 1.5 ⁇ m. More particularly, the present invention relates to a family of silicate glasses having introduced therein at least one oxide of a group III element, preferably aluminium oxide or boron oxide.
  • ZBLAN glass ZrF -BaF 2 -LaF 3 -AlF 3 -NaF
  • FOM [(Gain max - Gain min )/Gain min ] x 100 %), of 10.6% over a bandwidth of 32 nm and a FOM of 18% over a bandwidth of 35nm, in the 1.5 ⁇ m wavelength region.
  • ZBLAN glass is expensive and requires special processing conditions.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a family of glasses having a gain characteristic, in the region of the third telecommunications window, whose flatness is comparable to or better than that of ZBLAN.
  • the FOM is calculated over a fixed portion of the gain characteristic, typically a portion 30 or 32 nm wide.
  • the FOM is designated "floating" if the selected 30 or 32 nm portion is selected, not between fixed wavelength values, but from whichever location within the band of interest (here 1525 to 1560 nm) maximises the FOM value.
  • the present invention provides a glass composition which includes at least 50 mole percent of SiO 2 , and at least one group III oxide, preferably selected from the group AI 2 O 3 and B 2 O 3 , characterised by the following ratio,
  • R A ⁇ 1,3, where X 2 O represents the sum of all alkali metal oxides in the composition, and YO represents the sum of all oxides in the composition taken from the group consisting of alkaline earth oxides, ZnO and PbO.
  • Glass compositions according to an embodiment of the present invention have been found to have a gain characteristic in the 1.5 ⁇ m wavelength region, the flatness of which is either comparable to or better than that of ZBLAN over a similar bandwidth (around 30nm).
  • the glass compositions according to the present invention are generally doped with erbium, in 0.005 to 6 parts by weight added for 100 parts by weight of the base composition.
  • these glass compositions may be co-doped with Yb 2 ⁇ 3 in up to 12 molar percent of the base composition.
  • oxides of this type improves yet further the gain flatness.
  • the glass compositions according to the present invention preferably have a base composition comprising:
  • YO 0.0-20.0 mol.% where X 2 O is the sum of all alkali metal oxides present in the base composition, XO is the sum of all alkaline earth oxides present in the base composition and YO is the sum of all alkaline earth oxides plus ZnO and PbO present in the base composition.
  • the glass compositions according to the present invention may include up to 12 parts by weight of fluorine, preferably up to 9 parts by weight thereof, added to every 100 parts by weight of the base composition.
  • the ratio R should be less than or equal to 1.0.
  • a FOM less than 25% can be obtained over a 32nm bandwidth in the wavelength region of interest.
  • up to 12 parts by weight of chlorine preferably up to 9 parts by weight thereof, may be added to every 100 parts by weight of the base composition, in order to dry the glass.
  • the glass compositions according to the present invention have 0.005-6.0 parts by weight of Er 2 ⁇ 3 , 0.0-9.0 parts by weight of chlorine and 0.0-9.0 parts by weight of fluorine, added for 100 parts by weight composed,as follows: SiO 2 55.0-85.0 mol.% GeO 2 0.0-8.0 mol.% B 2 O 3 0.0-25.0 mol.%
  • YO 0.0-20.0 mol.% where X 2 O is the sum of all alkali metal oxides present in the base composition, XO is the sum of all alkaline earth oxides present in the base composition and YO is the sum of all alkaline earth oxides plus ZnO and PbO present in the base composition.
  • Oxides such as Ti ⁇ 2 and/or Zr ⁇ 2 may be included in the glass compositions of the present invention, if desired, in order to adjust the refractive index thereof. Such oxides would typically be included in up to 1.0 mol.% each.
  • the fluorescence characteristics of the glass compositions according to the invention may be further improved by heat-treating the compositions after their formation, for example by subjecting the aluminosilicate glasses of the invention to temperatures between 500 and 700 °C for one hour.
  • Fig.l is a graph of gain versus wavelength for a typical borosilicate glass according to the present invention.
  • Fig.2 is a graph of gain ripple (as measured by the FOM) versus the ratio of (X 2 O + YO) to (AI 2 O 3 +B 2 O 3 ) in a typical aluminosilicate glass composition according to the present invention
  • Fig.3 is a graph of gain ripple (as measured by the FOM) versus fluorine content in a typical aluminosilicate glass composition according to the present invention
  • Fig.4 is a graph of normalized fluorescence versus wavelength for different values of fluorine content for the glass composition constituting Example 5 of Table 1 ;
  • Fig.5 is a graph of gain versus wavelength for the glass composition constituting
  • Fig.6 is a graph of gain versus wavelength for a glass composition, similar to Example 5 of Table 1, subjected to heat treatments at different temperatures.
  • optical amplifier materials having gain flatness comparable to or better than that of ZBLAN, in the 1.5 ⁇ m wavelength region may be constituted by glass compositions including: at least 50 mole percent of Si ⁇ 2 , and at least one group III oxide, preferably selected from the group AI 2 O 3 and B 2 O 3 , wherein the following ratio is respected,
  • X 2 O represents the sum of all alkali metal oxides in the composition
  • YO represents the sum of all oxides in the composition taken from the group consisting of alkaline earth oxides, ZnO and PbO.
  • the glass compositions according to the invention may include 0.005 to 6 parts by weight of Er 2 ⁇ 3 , up to 12 parts by weight of fluorine, and up to 12 parts by weight of chlorine (to dry the glass and increase fluorescence lifetime), added for 100 parts by weight of the base composition made up, as follows: SiO 2 50.0-90.0 mol.% GeO 2 0.0-10.0 mol.% B 2 O 3 0.0-30.0 mol.%
  • compositions according to the invention which include
  • X 2 O+ YO fluorine should have: R — A ⁇ 1,3, and those compositions
  • Al 2 0 3 + B 2 0 3 according to the invention which do not contain fluorine should have
  • R A ⁇ 1,3.
  • the glass compositions according to the invention may include 0.005 to 6 parts by weight of Er 2 U 3 , up to 9 parts by weight of fluorine, and up to 9 parts by weight of chlorine, added for 100 parts by weight of the base composition made up, as follows: SiO 2 55.0-85.0 mol.% GeO 2 0.0-8.0 mol.% B 2 O 3 0.0-25.0 mol.% Al 2 O 3 1.5-25.0 mol.% Li 2 O 0.0-12.0 mol.% Na 2 O 0.0-20.0 mol.%
  • R represents the ratio of (X 2 O + YO) to (B 2 O 3 + Al 2 O 3 ), where X 2 O represents the sum of all alkali metal oxides which are present and YO represents the sum of all alkaline earth oxides and ZnO and PbO which are present.
  • Table 1 shows that the gain flatness of the glass compositions according to the present invention, respecting the ratio R ⁇ 1.3, is good.
  • those glass compositions according to the invention which do not include fluorine have a value of ratio R ⁇ 1.0.
  • the FOM (32 nm) in the wavelength region of interest is less than 25%).
  • Various glasses having compositions which conform to the present invention have been found to be well suited for use in optical amplification in the third telecommunications window. Examples 1 to 4 relate to such compositions, where the desired value of the ratio R is primarily obtained by the inclusion of boron oxide (i.e. these are borosilicates).
  • Example 1 is a typical sample of Pyrex (TM)
  • Example 2 is a sample of Vycor (TM)
  • Example 3 is a typical glass composition used for LCDs
  • Example 4 is a typical photochromic glass composition.
  • borosilicate glasses give acceptable gain flatness. Chlorine and fluorine can be added to these glass compositions (in up to 12, or preferably up to 9, parts by weight for 100 parts by weight of the base composition) in order to dry the glass and to increase the fluorescence lifetime. Also, the oxides Yb 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 and Gd 2 ⁇ 3 can advantageously be used to co-dope the borosilicate glass or aid dispersion of erbium within the glass matrix.
  • Example 2 may be the preferred glass composition, not only because of its particularly flat gain characteristic but also because this composition is stable and has excellent viscoelastic characteristics. The latter feature enables single mode fibres in this material to be drawn, without difficulty, using the well-known double crucible technique.
  • the gain characteristic, for different degrees of population inversion, of the glass composition constituting Example 2 of Table 1 is illustrated in Fig.l.
  • Examples 5 to 9 of Table 1 relate to glass compositions where the desired value of the ratio R is obtained primarily by inclusion of aluminium oxide (i.e. these are aluminosilicates).
  • the gain flatness of the glass compositions according to the present invention is improved by including therein at least 0.2 mole percent of Y 2 O 3 and/or Gd 2 O 3 .
  • Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and Examples 10 to 12 of Table 1 illustrate the effect on gain flatness of varying the proportion of group III elements in the glass composition, in other words, the effect of varying the ratio R.
  • Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are outside the scope of the present invention because the value of the ratio R is too great to allow a flat gain characteristic to be obtained.
  • Comparative Example 1 represents the extreme case where no group III oxides at all are deliberately included in the composition (the value R>20000 takes into account possible impurity levels of 0.1 mol.% of boron or aluminium oxide).
  • Examples 11 and 12 correspond to the preferred case where, for compositions not including fluorine, R ⁇ 1.0.
  • the relationship between gain flatness (as measured by the FOM value) and the ratio R for glass compositions according to the invention is illustrated visually in Fig.2. It has been found that the gain flatness of the glass compositions according to the invention is also influenced by the fluorine content thereof. This effect is demonstrated by Examples 13 to 17 of Table 1 , where the gain characteristic improves as increasing quantities of fluorine are added to a constant base composition. This effect is illustrated visually in Fig.3, which shows how the FOM in the third telecommunications window improves as the fluorine content increases beyond 4 weight percent of the analysed final composition. In particular, it may be advantageous that the glass compositions according to the present invention include over 4 parts by weight of fluorine added for every 100 parts by weight of the base composition.
  • Fig.4 is a graph for the glass composition constituting Example 5 of Table 1, illustrating how the gain characteristic changes with fluorine content.
  • Fig.5 is a graph illustrating the gain characteristic of the glass composition constituting Example 5 of
  • Examples 18 to 26 of Table 1 illustrate the fact that certain of the oxides in the glass composition of the present invention can be changed without significantly altering the gain characteristic of the resulting glass, provided that the desired value of ratio R is maintained.
  • oxides such as ⁇ O 2 and/or Zr ⁇ 2 can be included in the glass compositions of the present invention, if desired, in order to adjust the refractive index thereof. Such oxides would be included in up to 1.0 mol.% of ⁇ O 2 and/or in up to 1.0 mol.% of ZrO 2 .
  • the fluorescence characteristics of the glass compositions according to the present invention can be still further improved by heat- treating the compositions after their formation, notably by subjecting them to high temperatures for a sustained period of time.
  • the duration and temperature of the heat treatment are adapted to the particular composition being treated.
  • an equivalent effect can be obtained from a relatively short heat treatment at high temperature and a relatively long heat treatment at a lower temperature.
  • Fig.6 illustrates the effect of one hour of heat treatment, at each of 4 different temperatures, on the gain characteristic of a glass composition similar to Example 5 of Table 1.
  • Fig.6 includes the gain characteristic of a composition without heat treatment, for purposes of comparison.
  • the glass composition of Fig.6 differs from Example 5 of Table 1 in that it has 63.1 mol.% of SiO 2 , 1 mol.% of each of Y 2 O 3 and Gd 2 O 3 , 2 mol.% of the Na 2 O is in the form of Na 2 ⁇ (N) and that, in addition to 100 parts by weight of the base composition, it includes 5 parts by weight of fluorine, 0.3 parts by weight of AS 2 O 3 , and 1 part by weight of Er 2 ⁇ 3 .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une composition de verre qui se prête bien à l'amplification optique. Cette composition comprend un silicate contenant 50 pour-cent molaires de SiO2, et au moins un oxyde du groupe III qui peut être sélectionné dans le groupe Al2O3 et B2O3, le rapport (R) entre (X2O + YO) et cet/ces oxyde(s) du groupe III étant inférieur ou égal à 1,3; X2O représente le total de tous les oxydes métalliques alcalins présents et YO représente le total de tous les oxydes alcalino-terreux et PbO et ZnO présents. On peut inclure du fluor dans ces compositions de verre. Dans les compositions exemptes de fluor il est préférable que le rapport R soit inférieur ou égal à 1,0. Ces compositions de verre sont dopées à l'erbium, et de préférence co-dopées avec Yb2O3 et comprennent des agents dispersants tels que Y2O3 et/ou Gd2O3. Cette famille de verres possède une caractéristique de gain plat dans la région 1545 nm.
PCT/US2000/016626 1999-07-21 2000-06-16 Composition de verre a base de borate ou d'aluminosilicate convenant pour l'amplification optique WO2001007374A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002380051A CA2380051A1 (fr) 1999-07-21 2000-06-16 Composition de verre a base de borate ou d'aluminosilicate convenant pour l'amplification optique
JP2001512466A JP2003505327A (ja) 1999-07-21 2000-06-16 光増幅のためのホウ酸塩またはアルミノケイ酸塩ガラス組成物
EP00941481A EP1204612A1 (fr) 1999-07-21 2000-06-16 Composition de verre a base de borate ou d'aluminosilicate convenant pour l'amplification optique
AU56185/00A AU5618500A (en) 1999-07-21 2000-06-16 Borate or aluminosilicate glass composition for optical amplification

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9909459 1999-07-21
FR9909459A FR2796637B1 (fr) 1999-07-21 1999-07-21 Verre borosilicate ou aluminosilicate pour amplification optique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001007374A1 true WO2001007374A1 (fr) 2001-02-01

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EP (1) EP1204612A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003505327A (fr)
CN (1) CN1361753A (fr)
AU (1) AU5618500A (fr)
CA (1) CA2380051A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2796637B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001007374A1 (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8871675B2 (en) 2006-10-02 2014-10-28 M I Drilling Fluids Uk Ltd. Method of forming an agent and its use in desulphurisation
DE102013015934A1 (de) 2013-09-18 2015-03-19 Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Seltenerd-dotierte Aluminosilicatgläser, insbesondere zur Verwendung als aktives Lasermaterial in Hochleistungs-Bulklasern
US11174197B2 (en) 2016-04-08 2021-11-16 Corning Incorporated Glass-based articles including a metal oxide concentration gradient
CN113754294A (zh) * 2021-09-09 2021-12-07 昆明理工大学 一种具有光致变色效应AgCl玻璃粉的制备方法及应用
US11220456B2 (en) 2014-10-08 2022-01-11 Corning Incorporated Glasses and glass ceramics including a metal oxide concentration gradient
US11267228B2 (en) 2015-07-21 2022-03-08 Corning Incorporated Glass articles exhibiting improved fracture performance
US11472734B2 (en) 2015-12-11 2022-10-18 Corning Incorporated Fusion-formable glass-based articles including a metal oxide concentration gradient
US11492291B2 (en) 2012-02-29 2022-11-08 Corning Incorporated Ion exchanged glasses via non-error function compressive stress profiles
US11613103B2 (en) 2015-07-21 2023-03-28 Corning Incorporated Glass articles exhibiting improved fracture performance
US11878941B2 (en) 2014-06-19 2024-01-23 Corning Incorporated Glasses having non-frangible stress profiles
US11963320B2 (en) 2016-04-08 2024-04-16 Corning Incorporated Glass-based articles including a stress profile comprising two regions

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1318340C (zh) * 2002-11-27 2007-05-30 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 一种掺杂铒的硼酸铋玻璃及其制备方法
JP3886938B2 (ja) * 2003-06-30 2007-02-28 山田 文隆 無機塗料組成物
JP5246725B2 (ja) * 2005-03-02 2013-07-24 住友電気工業株式会社 光増幅器
US11079309B2 (en) 2013-07-26 2021-08-03 Corning Incorporated Strengthened glass articles having improved survivability
US9517968B2 (en) 2014-02-24 2016-12-13 Corning Incorporated Strengthened glass with deep depth of compression
US10150698B2 (en) 2014-10-31 2018-12-11 Corning Incorporated Strengthened glass with ultra deep depth of compression
WO2016073539A1 (fr) 2014-11-04 2016-05-12 Corning Incorporated Profils de contraintes profondes non-fragiles et procédés de fabrication
CN106356702B (zh) * 2015-07-17 2020-01-21 高值光电股份有限公司 超短脉冲光纤放大器
KR102564323B1 (ko) 2018-02-05 2023-08-08 에이지씨 가부시키가이샤 화학 강화용 유리

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WO1998058884A1 (fr) * 1997-06-23 1998-12-30 Corning Incorporated Composition pour guide d'onde optique et procede de production de filament continu enrobe

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JPS5385813A (en) * 1976-12-30 1978-07-28 Hoya Glass Works Ltd Spectacle glass having glareeprotection effect
EP0802169A1 (fr) * 1996-04-17 1997-10-22 Corning Incorporated Verre laser d'oxyhalogénure dopé d'un terre rare
FR2758321A1 (fr) * 1997-01-14 1998-07-17 Corning Inc Composition de verre et dispositif optique
WO1998058884A1 (fr) * 1997-06-23 1998-12-30 Corning Incorporated Composition pour guide d'onde optique et procede de production de filament continu enrobe

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HEHLEN M P ET AL: "UNIFORM UPCONVERSION IN HIGH-CONCENTRATON ER+-DOPED SODA LIME SILICATE AND ALUMINOSILICATE GLASSES", OPTICS LETTERS,US,OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA, WASHINGTON, vol. 22, no. 11, 1 June 1997 (1997-06-01), pages 772 - 774, XP000693403, ISSN: 0146-9592 *

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8871675B2 (en) 2006-10-02 2014-10-28 M I Drilling Fluids Uk Ltd. Method of forming an agent and its use in desulphurisation
US11492291B2 (en) 2012-02-29 2022-11-08 Corning Incorporated Ion exchanged glasses via non-error function compressive stress profiles
DE102013015934A1 (de) 2013-09-18 2015-03-19 Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Seltenerd-dotierte Aluminosilicatgläser, insbesondere zur Verwendung als aktives Lasermaterial in Hochleistungs-Bulklasern
US11878941B2 (en) 2014-06-19 2024-01-23 Corning Incorporated Glasses having non-frangible stress profiles
US11465937B2 (en) 2014-10-08 2022-10-11 Corning Incorporated Glasses and glass ceramics including a metal oxide concentration gradient
US11459270B2 (en) 2014-10-08 2022-10-04 Corning Incorporated Glasses and glass ceramics including a metal oxide concentration gradient
US11220456B2 (en) 2014-10-08 2022-01-11 Corning Incorporated Glasses and glass ceramics including a metal oxide concentration gradient
US11267228B2 (en) 2015-07-21 2022-03-08 Corning Incorporated Glass articles exhibiting improved fracture performance
US11613103B2 (en) 2015-07-21 2023-03-28 Corning Incorporated Glass articles exhibiting improved fracture performance
US11472734B2 (en) 2015-12-11 2022-10-18 Corning Incorporated Fusion-formable glass-based articles including a metal oxide concentration gradient
US11878936B2 (en) 2015-12-11 2024-01-23 Corning Incorporated Fusion-formable glass-based articles including a metal oxide concentration gradient
US11279652B2 (en) 2016-04-08 2022-03-22 Corning Incorporated Glass-based articles including a metal oxide concentration gradient
US11691913B2 (en) 2016-04-08 2023-07-04 Corning Incorporated Glass-based articles including a metal oxide concentration gradient
US11174197B2 (en) 2016-04-08 2021-11-16 Corning Incorporated Glass-based articles including a metal oxide concentration gradient
US11963320B2 (en) 2016-04-08 2024-04-16 Corning Incorporated Glass-based articles including a stress profile comprising two regions
CN113754294A (zh) * 2021-09-09 2021-12-07 昆明理工大学 一种具有光致变色效应AgCl玻璃粉的制备方法及应用

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1361753A (zh) 2002-07-31
CA2380051A1 (fr) 2001-02-01
FR2796637B1 (fr) 2002-06-07
FR2796637A1 (fr) 2001-01-26
AU5618500A (en) 2001-02-13
JP2003505327A (ja) 2003-02-12
EP1204612A1 (fr) 2002-05-15

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