WO2001005493A1 - Procede de fabrication d'emulsions et son dispositif - Google Patents
Procede de fabrication d'emulsions et son dispositif Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001005493A1 WO2001005493A1 PCT/FR2000/002106 FR0002106W WO0105493A1 WO 2001005493 A1 WO2001005493 A1 WO 2001005493A1 FR 0002106 W FR0002106 W FR 0002106W WO 0105493 A1 WO0105493 A1 WO 0105493A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- coherent jet
- emulsifier
- emulsion
- phase
- dispersed phase
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
- B01F23/41—Emulsifying
- B01F23/4105—Methods of emulsifying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
- B01F23/45—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying using flow mixing
- B01F23/451—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying using flow mixing by injecting one liquid into another
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/20—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams
- B01F25/23—Mixing by intersecting jets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/30—Injector mixers
- B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
- B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/834—Mixing in several steps, e.g. successive steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
- B01F35/715—Feeding the components in several steps, e.g. successive steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
- B01F2101/06—Mixing of food ingredients
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
- B01F2101/22—Mixing of ingredients for pharmaceutical or medical compositions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing emulsions as well as an emulsifier implementing this method. Such a process will find numerous applications, in particular in the fields of cosmetology, of the food industry for the manufacture of salad dressing for example, of pharmacy, of petrochemistry, etc.
- the manufacture of an emulsion consists in the mixture of two fluids, that is to say of two liquids, determining two phases, by immiscible hypotheses, one being called dispersed phase and the another dispersing phase, one of which forms microscopic droplets in the other.
- This mixture or emulsion, and more particularly the size of the droplets of the dispersed phase in the dispersing phase depends in particular on the energy supplied in the form of agitation to the medium which causes shearing of the fluid and thus allows the reduction of the size of the emulsion droplets.
- emulsifiers such as high pressure homogenizers or else "microfluidizers" producing emulsions comprising an emulsifier, for example an emulsion of the oil in water type.
- Homogenizers are conventionally made up of a homogenization head and a high pressure pump for pressurizing a fluid contained in a tank.
- the pressurized fluid is usually a pre-emulsion, that is to say it is a partial mixture of the dispersed phase, the dispersing phase and the emulsifier; this fluid is then sent through the homogenization head mainly consisting of a base, a valve and impact plates.
- the fluid is suddenly expanded through an appropriate opening, to reach a speed of the order of several hundreds of meters per second, then comes into contact with the valve which splits the fluid and projects it on the impact plates thus providing the energy required, in the form of agitation in the middle, for the manufacture of the emulsion.
- These homogenizers benefiting from current technologies, operate at pressures up to 200 MPa.
- homogenization heads have been designed significantly reducing their wear; this is for example the case of French patent FR 2748954 concerning a homogenizer-emulsifier module.
- This module mainly consists of a cylindrical body having at each of its ends respectively a direct input block and an output block.
- the cylindrical body contains a succession of hollow cylindrical cartridges and open on one of their transverse faces and they are connected together by springs.
- These cartridges contain a plurality of vibrating discs which can slide along the central hollow axis of the cylindrical body of the module.
- microfluidizers conventionally made up of an interaction chamber and a high pressure pump for pressurizing a fluid contained in an appropriate reservoir.
- the fluid under pressure is usually a pre-emulsion which is sent to the interaction chamber in which the latter is bombarded by itself with a significant energy provided by the pressurization of the fluid, which allows the manufacture of the emulsion. .
- a disadvantage of all these devices is to provide an emulsion whose droplets have an average diameter of the order of a micrometer, which is not fully satisfactory for applications in the fields of food and cosmetology, for example .
- One of the aims of the invention is therefore to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a method for manufacturing a mixture or an emulsion, for example of the oil in water type, in order to obtain greater fineness of the droplets using a minimum amount of emulsifier to stabilize said emulsion over time.
- the process for the continuous or batch production of a mixture or an emulsion from at least one emulsifier and at least two fluids known to be immiscible, for example a body fatty liquid mixed with water and an appropriate emulsifier, said fluids defining a dispersed phase and a dispersing phase is remarkable in that, the dispersed phase being either contained in a suitable reservoir, or delivered continuously, it comprises a first step of pressurizing the dispersed phase by conventional high-pressure pumping means then, a brutal depressurization of said said is carried out dispersed phase thanks to means making it possible to create a needle jet, that is to say a jet of narrow section, or coherent jet in which the dispersed phase can reach a speed of approximately 900 m. s "1. It is then conceivable to introduce the coherent jet of the dispersed phase into a dispersing phase in which an appropriate emulsifier has been dissolved to obtain the emulsion.
- Such a method does not make it possible to obtain a sufficiently small average size of the droplets, this is why it is preferred to introduce the appropriate emulsifier into said coherent jet by means ensuring the mixing of the dispersed phase with said emulsifier.
- a resulting coherent jet is then obtained which comprises the dispersed phase and the emulsifier.
- This coherent jet is finally brought into contact with the dispersing phase to obtain the mixture or the emulsion.
- emulsion is thus obtained in which the droplets have an average diameter of between a few tens and a few hundred nanometers, depending on the fluids used, while requiring a reduced supply of emulsifier unlike the prior art where the diameter of the droplets decreases, c ie their total surface increasing, a greater quantity of additive would have been necessary. Furthermore, bringing the resulting coherent jet into contact with the dispersing phase, according to a first variant of the process, is obtained by positioning said coherent jet resulting in immersion in the dispersing phase in a static or almost static position in withdrawal means.
- the contacting of the resulting coherent jet with the dispersing phase is obtained by means ensuring the introduction of the dispersing phase in said coherent jet resulting and simultaneously their emulsion which then constitutes a final coherent jet.
- the temperature of the dispersed phase under pressure is regulated according to a temperature range between -20 ° C. and + 80 ° C so that the production of the emulsion is more homogeneous over time.
- the dispersed phase is pressurized to a pressure greater than or equal to 200 MPa.
- Another object of the invention relates to an emulsifier device for the continuous or batch production of a mixture or an emulsion from at least one emulsifier and at least two fluids known to be immiscible, for example a liquid product fat mixed with water and an emulsifier, said fluids defining a dispersed phase and a dispersing phase, and said device comprising a high pressure pump whose inlet is connected to a source of fluid such as a reservoir containing a phase scattered; this device is remarkable in that the output of the high pressure pump is connected, by connection means, to means for projecting the dispersed phase in the form of a coherent jet cooperating with introduction means, using the Venturi effect, of an emulsifier in said coherent jet emerging, in immersion, in the dispersing phase contained in a tank provided with means for withdrawing, continuously or discontinuously, the emulsion.
- the outlet of the high pressure pump is connected, by means of connection, to means for projecting the dispersed phase in the form of a coherent jet, provided at their outlet with at least two introduction means which are connected in series and using the Venturi effect, respectively at least one emulsifier in said coherent jet and the dispersing phase in the resulting coherent jet, to provide the emulsion which is advantageously continuously recovered at the outlet of said introduction means.
- connection means between the high pressure pump and the projection means, are provided with temperature regulation means over all or part of their length.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the foam concentrate device according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a partial diagram in light perspective of the foam concentrate device according to the invention comprising the dispersed phase reservoir, the high pressure pump, the connection means and the temperature regulation means,
- FIG. 3 is a partial diagram of the first alternative embodiment of the foam concentrate device according to the invention comprising the means for projecting the dispersed phase, the means for introducing the emulsifier into the jet and the withdrawal means,
- FIG. 4 is a partial diagram of the second alternative embodiment of the foam concentrate device according to the invention comprising the means for projecting the dispersed phase, two means for respectively introducing the emulsifier and the dispersing phase connected in series and the withdrawal means
- FIG. 5 is a graph representing the percentage (%) of the droplets as a function of their diameter expressed in nanometers (nm) for an example of an emulsion of the oil in water type, comprising 10% of oil of sunflower, 89% water and 1% of Tween 20 emulsifier (registered trademark), and obtained by spraying a jet of sunflower oil, pressurized to 200 MPa, in water in which the Tween 20 (registered trademark),
- FIG. 6 is a graph representing the percentage (%) of the droplets as a function of their diameter expressed in nanometers (nm) for an emulsion of the oil in water type, comprising 10% of sunflower oil, 89.5% of water and 0.5% of Tween 20 emulsifier (registered trademark) and obtained according to the process.
- FIGS. 1 to 4 The device for the continuous or batch production of an emulsion which is represented in FIGS. 1 to 4, comprises a reservoir 1 containing a dispersed phase and the outlet of which is connected to a high pressure pump 2.
- a booster pump will advantageously be positioned between the reservoir 1 and the high-pressure pump 2 to prime the latter in a conventional manner.
- the outlet of the high pressure pump 2 is connected, with reference to FIG. 1, by connection means 3, to means 4 for projecting the dispersing phase in the form of a needle jet or coherent jet 5.
- connection means 3, between the high pressure pump 2 and the projection means 4 are provided with means 6 for regulating the temperature of the dispersed phase, under pressure in said connection means 3, over all or part of their length.
- the outlet of the projection means 4 is provided with means 7 for introducing into the coherent jet 5 an emulsifier contained in a second reservoir 8 connected to said means of introduction 7 so that at their output there springs a coherent resulting jet 9 consisting of the dispersed phase and one emulsifier.
- the resulting coherent jet 9 is then brought into contact with the dispersing phase contained in withdrawal means 10 continuously or discontinuously as will be seen below.
- the resulting coherent jet 9 is preferably positioned in immersion in said dispersing phase to benefit from the optimal energy, of said resulting coherent jet, necessary for obtaining a fine emulsion.
- the outlet of the introduction means 7 is provided with second introduction means 11, shown in dotted lines in FIG. 1, in the coherent jet resulting from a phase dispersant contained in a third reservoir 12, also shown in dotted lines in FIG. 1, connected to said introduction means 11 so that at their output there springs a final coherent jet 13 consisting of the emulsion.
- the final coherent jet 13, that is to say the emulsion, is then collected continuously or discontinuously in the withdrawal means 10.
- the reservoir 1, containing the dispersed phase is connected to the high pressure pump 2 by a pipe 14.
- the high pressure pump 2 is advantageously a return pump which has a very constant time short and therefore has no dead time. It provides a pressure of 400 MPa while ensuring a high flow rate and a constant pressure.
- the connection means 3 between the high pressure pump 2 and the projection means 4, not shown in FIG. 2 consist of an armored pipe 15 capable of conveying the dispersed pressurized phase and they have a bypass circuit 16 provided with control valves 17 such as solenoid valves.
- the bypass circuit 16 comprises means 6 for regulating the temperature of the dispersed phase pressurized, represented by dotted lines in FIG. 2.
- the regulating means 6 are, moreover, constituted by a coil of turns 18 surrounding the armored pipe 15 on a part of the branch circuit 16 and connected to a heat exchanger 19.
- connection means 3 may not include a bypass circuit 16 and the coil of turns 18 will then be positioned directly around the armored pipe 15.
- the regulation means 6 also comprise a probe 20, preferably mounted upstream of the coil coil 18 on the bypass circuit 16, making it possible to control the temperature of the phase dispersed in the armored pipe 15.
- the projection means 4 are conventionally mounted at the end of the armored pipe 15, facing the ground and they consist of a nozzle 21 supported by a nozzle holder 22 having a calibrated hole 23.
- the nozzle 21 is conventionally made up of a body 24 comprising at its lower end a second calibrated hole 25 and of a needle 26 comprising a third calibrated hole 27 coaxial with the first 23 and the second 25.
- the diameter of the calibrated hole 26 is advantageously between 0.08 and 0.15 mm for a pressure delivered by the high pressure pump 2 of 200 MPa in order to prevent said calibrated hole 26 from becoming blocked.
- the projection means 4 can be directed upwards to provide a straight jet.
- the nozzle 21 provides a needle jet, that is to say a jet of narrow section, or coherent jet 5 of the dispersed phase which is abruptly depressurized and which gushes into the introduction means 7.
- Said introduction means 7 are positioned at the lower end of the nozzle holder 22 and are constituted by a Venturi tube 28, of a length of about 15 mm for a pressure between 200 MPa and 300 MPa, forming in its central part a mixing chamber 29 and at its lower end a focusing tube 30.
- the coherent jet 5 thus flows into the mixing chamber 29 where the emulsifier, initially contained in the reservoir 8 and which is supplied, by a flexible conduit 31 provided with a control valve 17 and a flow control system 32, in the mixing chamber 29 by Venturi effect, mix to provide in the focusing tube 30 a coherent jet resulting 9.
- the reservoir 8 is an open reservoir so that the emulsifier is at atmospheric pressure and can benefit from the Venturi effect to be brought into the mixing chamber 29. Furthermore, it would be possible to introduce 1 emulsifier in the coherent jet of the dispersed phase by means of an incident jet making a very small angle with said coherent jet 5.
- the focusing tube 30 is positioned in immersion in a static or quasi-static dispersing phase contained in the means withdrawal 10 which consist of a main cylindrical container 33, a central cylindrical container 34 and a central cylinder 35 coaxial.
- the main cylindrical container 33 has the largest section and includes two openings 36,37 in its upper part for the introduction of a heat fluid and two other openings 38,39 in its lower part for the outlet of said heat fluid, as is will see it later.
- the openings 36, 37, 38 and 39 of the main cylindrical container 33 are advantageously connected to the heat exchanger 19 by conventional connection means not shown in the figures.
- the central cylindrical container 34 positioned inside the main cylindrical container 33, comprises a reinforced bottom 40 to prevent its deformation due to the pressure of the resulting coherent jet 9.
- the central cylinder 35 open at its two ends, is positioned in the container median cylindrical 34 so that its lower end 41 is not in contact with the reinforced bottom 40.
- the median cylindrical container 34 and the central cylinder 35 respectively comprise an opening 42 in its central part for the withdrawal of the emulsion and an opening 43 in its upper part for the introduction of the dispersing phase as will be seen below.
- the withdrawal means 10 may consist of a single cylindrical container comprising the dispersed phase and whether or not provided with an opening in its upper part for the introduction of the dispersing phase and of another opening in its lower part for drawing off the emulsion either continuously or discontinuously.
- the projection means 4 provide a coherent jet 5 which flows into a first Venturi tube 28 as described above allowing the mixing 1 emulsifier, previously contained in the tank 8, with the dispersed phase and providing a resulting coherent jet 9 as already seen. Said resulting coherent jet 9 then flows into a second Venturi tube 44 mounted in series with the first 28 and forming a second mixing chamber 45 in its central part and a second focusing tube 46 in its lower part.
- the resulting coherent jet 9 thus flows into the second mixing chamber 45 where the dispersing phase, initially contained in the reservoir 12 and then supplied, by a flexible conduit 31 provided with a control valve 17 and with a flow regulation system 32, in the second mixing chamber 45 by the Venturi effect, mixes with said resulting coherent jet 9 to provide the emulsion which flows in the second focusing tube 46 in the form of a final coherent jet 13.
- the device can comprise several Venturi tubes connected in series allowing to successively introduce into the coherent jet 5 several emulsifiers and several dispersing phases to produce so-called ternary emulsions such as emulsions of the water / oil / water type.
- the final coherent jet 13, that is to say the emulsion is collected in the withdrawal means 10 placed vertically under the second focusing tube 46.
- the withdrawal means 10 then consist of a simple container cylindrical 47 provided with an opening 48 in its lower part for continuously withdrawing the emulsion as indicated by arrow 49.
- the emulsion could be drawn off discontinuously using a simple cylindrical container.
- the oil is pressurized, preferably at a pressure greater than or equal to 200 MPa so that the coherent jet 5 has sufficient energy to form the emulsion without the nozzle 21 being blocked.
- the oil speed can then reach 900 m. s "1 for a pressure of 200 MPa and a diameter of the nozzle 21 between 0.08 and 0.15 mm.
- Tween 20 will denote the emulsifier used, Tween 20 being a registered trademark for an emulsifier which will be called "Tween 20" below.
- the "Tween 20" does not dissolve in the dispersed phase, that is to say the oil.
- the emulsifier dissolves only in the dispersing phase; thus, the "Tween 20" mixes homogeneously in the coherent jet 5 without being dissolved therein.
- the resulting coherent jet 9 is then introduced by immersion in water, corresponding to the dispersing phase, which is injected continuously into the central cylinder 35 through the opening 43 as indicated by arrow 50 in FIG. 3.
- the size of the droplets of the emulsion depends in particular on the energy supplied in the form of agitation to the medium as we have already seen but also on the fluids used.
- the size of the droplets will depend in particular on the type of oil used.
- Figure 5 shows the percentage of droplets as a function of their diameter, expressed in nanometers (nm) for an emulsion of the oil in water type, comprising 10% sunflower oil, 89% water and 1% of "Tween 20" emulsifier, and obtained by projecting a jet of sunflower oil, pressurized to 200 MPa, in water in which the "Tween 20" was previously dissolved.
- the general shape of the curve and the peak around 500 nm indicate that the average diameter of the droplets of the emulsion is between 500 and 600 nm.
- the percentage of the droplets as a function of their diameter, expressed in nanometers, represented on Figure 6 shows a different curve. There is, in fact, a first peak at around 200 nm and a second peak at around 450 nm indicating faster stabilization of the dispersed phase, that is to say oil, then a slight phenomenon of coalescence. An emulsion is therefore obtained, the droplet size of which is smaller for a smaller quantity of emulsifier, as shown in FIG. 7.
- the graph in FIG. 7 represents the destabilization expressed as a percentage, on the ordinate, which corresponds to the percentage of the amount of the destabilized phase relative to its initial amount, as a function of the emulsifier / dispersed phase ratio, on the abscissa, that is ie the ratio of the percentages of emulsifier and dispersed phase of the emulsion.
- the curve in dotted lines corresponds to an emulsion obtained by introducing a jet of water, pressurized to 200 MPa, in oil in which the "Tween 20" has been previously mixed and the curve in solid line corresponds to an emulsion obtained according to the invention. It is observed, with reference to FIG.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU70056/00A AU7005600A (en) | 1999-07-21 | 2000-07-21 | Method for making emulsions and implementing device |
AT00958582T ATE269148T1 (de) | 1999-07-21 | 2000-07-21 | Verfahren und vorrichtungen zur herstellung von emulsionen |
EP00958582A EP1202795B1 (fr) | 1999-07-21 | 2000-07-21 | Procede de fabrication d'emulsions et ses dispositifs |
DE60011623T DE60011623D1 (de) | 1999-07-21 | 2000-07-21 | Verfahren und vorrichtungen zur herstellung von emulsionen |
CA002379754A CA2379754A1 (fr) | 1999-07-21 | 2000-07-21 | Procede de fabrication d'emulsions et son dispositif |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR99/09448 | 1999-07-21 | ||
FR9909448A FR2796568B1 (fr) | 1999-07-21 | 1999-07-21 | Procede de fabrication d'emulsions et son dispositif |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001005493A1 true WO2001005493A1 (fr) | 2001-01-25 |
WO2001005493A8 WO2001005493A8 (fr) | 2001-04-12 |
Family
ID=9548342
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2000/002106 WO2001005493A1 (fr) | 1999-07-21 | 2000-07-21 | Procede de fabrication d'emulsions et son dispositif |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1202795B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE269148T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU7005600A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2379754A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60011623D1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2796568B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2001005493A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3066947B1 (fr) * | 2017-05-30 | 2020-12-11 | Michelin & Cie | Malaxage d'un composite elastomerique par melange continu en phase liquide |
FR3066946B1 (fr) * | 2017-05-30 | 2022-12-16 | Michelin & Cie | Melange continu en phase liquide pour la production de composites destines a une utilisation dans des produits elastomeriques |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH559574A5 (en) * | 1973-10-18 | 1975-03-14 | Maier Kurt | Continuously metering detergent into running water - for washing cars using jet induction and mixing |
DE2549086A1 (de) * | 1975-11-03 | 1977-05-18 | Helmut Mueller | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von emulsionen |
FR2336515A1 (fr) * | 1975-12-22 | 1977-07-22 | Ici Ltd | Procede et appareil pour disperser une nappe de mazout |
GB2076672A (en) * | 1980-02-18 | 1981-12-09 | Unilever Ltd | Making foam |
EP0399041A1 (fr) * | 1988-04-25 | 1990-11-28 | Inzhenerny Tsentr "Transzvuk" | Dispositif pour la preparation d'emulsions |
EP0616002A1 (fr) * | 1992-09-18 | 1994-09-21 | Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd. | Procede de production de poudre de polycarbonate |
-
1999
- 1999-07-21 FR FR9909448A patent/FR2796568B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-07-21 AT AT00958582T patent/ATE269148T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-07-21 WO PCT/FR2000/002106 patent/WO2001005493A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 2000-07-21 DE DE60011623T patent/DE60011623D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-07-21 CA CA002379754A patent/CA2379754A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2000-07-21 AU AU70056/00A patent/AU7005600A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-07-21 EP EP00958582A patent/EP1202795B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH559574A5 (en) * | 1973-10-18 | 1975-03-14 | Maier Kurt | Continuously metering detergent into running water - for washing cars using jet induction and mixing |
DE2549086A1 (de) * | 1975-11-03 | 1977-05-18 | Helmut Mueller | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von emulsionen |
FR2336515A1 (fr) * | 1975-12-22 | 1977-07-22 | Ici Ltd | Procede et appareil pour disperser une nappe de mazout |
GB2076672A (en) * | 1980-02-18 | 1981-12-09 | Unilever Ltd | Making foam |
EP0399041A1 (fr) * | 1988-04-25 | 1990-11-28 | Inzhenerny Tsentr "Transzvuk" | Dispositif pour la preparation d'emulsions |
EP0616002A1 (fr) * | 1992-09-18 | 1994-09-21 | Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd. | Procede de production de poudre de polycarbonate |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2379754A1 (fr) | 2001-01-25 |
FR2796568A1 (fr) | 2001-01-26 |
EP1202795A1 (fr) | 2002-05-08 |
WO2001005493A8 (fr) | 2001-04-12 |
AU7005600A (en) | 2001-02-05 |
EP1202795B1 (fr) | 2004-06-16 |
ATE269148T1 (de) | 2004-07-15 |
FR2796568B1 (fr) | 2001-09-21 |
DE60011623D1 (de) | 2004-07-22 |
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