WO2001003824A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von in organischen lösungsmitteln dispergierbaren metalloxiden - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von in organischen lösungsmitteln dispergierbaren metalloxiden Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001003824A1 WO2001003824A1 PCT/DE2000/002163 DE0002163W WO0103824A1 WO 2001003824 A1 WO2001003824 A1 WO 2001003824A1 DE 0002163 W DE0002163 W DE 0002163W WO 0103824 A1 WO0103824 A1 WO 0103824A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- aquoxides
- metal oxides
- organic
- sulfonic acid
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/02—Ingredients treated with inorganic substances
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/40—Compounds of aluminium
- C09C1/407—Aluminium oxides or hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/40—Compounds of aluminium
- C09C1/42—Clays
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
- C09D7/62—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic modified by treatment with other compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/60—Compounds characterised by their crystallite size
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/62—Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/14—Pore volume
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/16—Pore diameter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/22—Rheological behaviour as dispersion, e.g. viscosity, sedimentation stability
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the production of metal oxides or metal aquoxides which are dispersible in organic solvents and to metal oxides or metal aquoxides which can be prepared by this process and modified with organic sulfonic acids.
- WO 95/12547 and German patent DE 43 37 643-C1 describe a process for producing nanocrystalline alumina hydrates that are dispersible in water
- Alumina hydrates dispersible in water can be obtained by this process by hydrolysis of aluminum alkoxides at 30 to 110 ° C. and addition of an acid (monovalent inorganic or organic acids and their anhydrides) and subsequent hydrothermal aging. These dispersions are suitable for.
- Alumina hydrates For certain applications, clays are of interest which are dispersible in organic solvents but not in water.
- Alcohols such as methanol and ethanol are dispersible, but not in organic non-protic solvents.
- colloidal alumina dispersions in organic solvents are described, for example, in DE 41 16 522-C2 and by R. Nass and H. Schmidt ("Formation and properties of chelated aluminum alkoxides" in H. Hausner, G. Messing, S. Hirano (ed. ) "Ceramic Powder processing", German Ceramic Society, Cologne, 1969).
- alumina hydrates which are produced by hydrolysis of aluminum alkoxides in an organic solvent and in the presence of a ⁇ -diketone compound, can be present colloidally in the solvent.
- the colloidal solutions described there are (meta-) stable only in high dilution in the organic solvent. That colloidal solids solutions is experimentally proven only for isopropanol as a solvent. Experiments have shown that after the solvent has been removed, the colloidal particles produced by this process can no longer be redispersed.
- inorganic oxides and hydroxides which are dispersible in mineral oils
- inorganic oxides or hydroxides are subjected to a grinding process in a ball mill in the presence of a mineral oil as carrier liquid and a surfactant.
- Organic sulfonic acids are among the surfactants mentioned.
- the surfactants are added to the composition at 0.5 to 3.0% by weight.
- US Pat. No. 3,018,172 describes a process for the preparation of aluminum hydroxides which are dispersible in apolar, higher molecular weight organic solvents, such as mineral oils.
- apolar, higher molecular weight organic solvents such as mineral oils.
- aluminum alkoxides introduced in a volatile organic solvent are hydrolysed with an organic sulfonic acid, e.g. Postdodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, brought together in a viscous organic carrier liquid.
- the volatile organic solvent is removed after hydrolysis and an aluminum hydroxide dispersed in the viscous organic carrier liquid, such as xylene, remains.
- US 4,076,638 and US 4,123,231 describe variants of this method.
- a carboxylic acid is used in parallel and the viscous organic carrier liquid is dispensed with.
- an aqueous mineral acid is used in addition to the organic sulfonic acid.
- the mineral oxides are taken up in highly viscous mineral oils with high solids contents and then in high dilution dispersed in petrol with low solids contents.
- the object of the invention is to provide dispersible metal oxides / metal aquoxides or a process for producing the same which does not have the disadvantages of the prior art and e.g. dispense with the use of organic solvents in the manufacture. This object is achieved by the subject matter of the invention.
- the invention relates to a process for the production of metal oxides or metal aquoxides, in particular alumina hydrates, which are dispersible in aprotic or protic organic solvents. These are available as reaction products: (A) one or more metal oxides / metal aquoxides with a crystallite size of
- the organic sulfonic acid is a mono-, di- or tri-alkylbenzenesulfonic acid, in which the alkyl radical (s) are Cl- to C6-, preferably Cl- to C4-, alkyl radicals, mono-Cl-alkyl-benzenesulfonic acids or mono-C3-alkyl-benzenesulfonic acids are preferred, or (ii) if the reaction is carried out in the presence of an organic aprotic or organic protic solvent: the organic
- Sulfonic acid has at least 14, preferably at least 16, carbon atoms and has at least one aromatic ring, components (A), calculated as metal oxide, and (B) in a weight ratio of 98: 2 to 70:30, preferably 95: 5 to 80 : 20 can be used.
- Suitable protic organic solvents according to (ii) are, for example, alcohols, preferably C2 to C4 alcohols, and aprotic solvents according to (ii) are, for example, aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene. If the reaction takes place in the presence of a largely aqueous medium, the organic sulfonic acid is preferably soluble in the largely aqueous medium.
- the solvents used as the dispersing medium according to the invention are:
- Suitable non-protic, polar, organic solvents (I) are ketones, ethers and esters such as acetone, tetrahydrofuran (THF), methyl ethyl ketone, polyol esters and 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, but also dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
- ketones, ethers and esters such as acetone, tetrahydrofuran (THF), methyl ethyl ketone, polyol esters and 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, but also dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
- Suitable protic, polar, organic, possibly higher molecular weight, solvents (II) with at least 2 carbon atoms are solvents such as alcohols, polyethers (with at least one free hydroxy group), hydroxyalkyl esters and hydroxyalkyl ketones or also carboxylic acids.
- solvents such as alcohols, polyethers (with at least one free hydroxy group), hydroxyalkyl esters and hydroxyalkyl ketones or also carboxylic acids.
- alcohols are e.g.
- Ethylene glycol C2 to C8 mono- or dihydroxy alcohols such as propanols, butanols, pentanols and hexanols.
- Suitable apolar organic solvents (III) are solvents such as toluene and chlorobenzene.
- the dispersible metal oxides or metal aquoxides obtainable by the process according to the invention are powders which can be dispersed with a solids content of up to 35% by weight in the solvents described above.
- the particle size of the dispersed clay earth hydrates is preferably from 20 to
- PCS photocorrelation spectroscopy
- the metal oxides or metal aquoxides in particular amorphous or nanocrystalline alumina hydrates, of the crystallite size up to 100 nm (measured at the 021 reflection), which have a grain size between 0.2 ⁇ m and 90 ⁇ m (with a particle size of 20 up to 1000 nm in dispersion), with 0.2 to 2 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate per g of alumina or metal oxide or metal aquoxides, each calculated as metal oxide, at temperatures stirred between 0 and 140 ° C between 30 and 180 min and dried by spray drying, freeze drying, drying in supercritical solvents, filtration or drum drying.
- the powder obtained in this way has only a low water dispersibility ( ⁇ 30% by weight) and is distinguished by a particularly narrow particle size distribution.
- the powder is organic in the above
- Solvents with particle sizes of 10 to 1000 nm, preferably 10 to 500 nm (measured in each case in dispersion), well dispersible.
- the transparent coatings e.g. deliver on foils or glass and similar surfaces.
- Dispersibility in organic solvents such as modified clays are suitable for incorporation into various non-water-soluble polymers or paints / colors.
- the dispersions obtained in this way are largely opaque and are distinguished by excellent sedimentation and centrifugation stability, i.e. they are real colloidal dispersions.
- Another specialty is the redispersibility, especially after drying, in organic solvents and the possibility of stable dispersions with high solids contents (> 20
- the metal oxides / metal oxide hydrates obtainable by the process according to the invention can also be dispersed in the diperging media (I) to (III) after drying and, if appropriate, packaging and / or storage.
- the dispersion was spray-dried to cool (inlet temperature 240-270 ° C., outlet temperature ⁇ 110 ° C.).
- a white, odorless powder with properties shown in Table 2 was obtained.
- the dispersibility of the powder obtained is shown in Tables 1 and 4. 0
- a dispersion of 20 g Siral® 30D was prepared in a solution of 4 g p-toluenesulfonic acid in 180 g demineralized water. A yellowish, sol-like dispersion resulted. This was spray dried. The C value after drying is 8.61%. The powder is redispersible (99%) in water and ethanol and 0 after solvent exchange also in hexanol and ethylene glycol.
- Particles with a particle size around 195 nm contained.
- the sol was 97.3% centrifugation stable (10 min at 2000 rpm).
- a yellow Lich crystalline powder obtained, which can be redispersed in toluene, in tetrahydrofuran (THF), in butanol, in methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) and in trichloromethane.
- THF tetrahydrofuran
- MTBE methyl tertiary butyl ether
- a translucent dispersion can be obtained in chlorobenzene, but it is not stable to centrifugation.
- the powder is 100% hydrophobic, ie the dispersibility in water is reduced to 0% by the reaction with Marlon AS-3.
- the organosols are characterized by their long-term stability against agglomeration. An increase in viscosity after several days was not observed.
- the dispersibility of the powder is shown in Table 3.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
- Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
- Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/030,066 US6846435B1 (en) | 1999-07-07 | 2000-07-06 | Method for producting metal oxides dispersibles in organic solvents |
JP2001509289A JP2003517418A (ja) | 1999-07-07 | 2000-07-06 | 有機溶媒中で分散可能な金属酸化物の製造方法 |
EP00952895A EP1198288A1 (de) | 1999-07-07 | 2000-07-06 | Verfahren zur herstellung von in organischen lösungsmitteln dispergierbaren metalloxiden |
CA002378258A CA2378258A1 (en) | 1999-07-07 | 2000-07-06 | Process for the preparation of metal oxides that are dispersible in organic solvents |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19931204.4 | 1999-07-07 | ||
DE19931204A DE19931204A1 (de) | 1999-07-07 | 1999-07-07 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von in organischen Lösungsmitteln dispergierbaren Metalloxiden |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001003824A1 true WO2001003824A1 (de) | 2001-01-18 |
Family
ID=7913848
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2000/002163 WO2001003824A1 (de) | 1999-07-07 | 2000-07-06 | Verfahren zur herstellung von in organischen lösungsmitteln dispergierbaren metalloxiden |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6846435B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1198288A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2003517418A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2378258A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19931204A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001003824A1 (de) |
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WO2005104699A2 (en) * | 2004-04-26 | 2005-11-10 | Sasol North America Inc. | Method of producing modified metal oxides that are dispersible in an organic matrix |
EP1632536A1 (de) * | 2004-09-07 | 2006-03-08 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Aluminiumoxid-Verbundpartikel, Harzzusammensetzung und deren Herstellungsverfahren |
FR2964654A1 (fr) * | 2010-09-14 | 2012-03-16 | Pylote | Procede de preparation de nanoparticules d'oxyde de metal modifiees dispersibles en milieu organique |
USRE43468E1 (en) | 2004-08-26 | 2012-06-12 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Alumina particles of high aspect ratio, alumina particle manufacturing method, resin composition, and resin composition manufacturing method |
US9997755B2 (en) | 2012-01-19 | 2018-06-12 | Sihl Gmbh | Separator comprising a porous layer and method for producing said separator |
US10381623B2 (en) | 2015-07-09 | 2019-08-13 | Optodot Corporation | Nanoporous separators for batteries and related manufacturing methods |
US10505168B2 (en) | 2006-02-15 | 2019-12-10 | Optodot Corporation | Separators for electrochemical cells |
US10833307B2 (en) | 2010-07-19 | 2020-11-10 | Optodot Corporation | Separators for electrochemical cells |
US10879513B2 (en) | 2013-04-29 | 2020-12-29 | Optodot Corporation | Nanoporous composite separators with increased thermal conductivity |
US12040506B2 (en) | 2015-04-15 | 2024-07-16 | Lg Energy Solution, Ltd. | Nanoporous separators for batteries and related manufacturing methods |
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US6495709B1 (en) * | 2000-03-16 | 2002-12-17 | Symetrix Corporation | Liquid precursors for aluminum oxide and method making same |
NO319405B1 (no) * | 2000-07-05 | 2005-08-08 | Sintef | Organisk basert lakk eller gel-coat, fremgangsmate til fremstilling samt anvendelse av samme |
NO319406B1 (no) * | 2000-07-05 | 2005-08-08 | Sintef | Valset metallsubstrat med sjikt av en organisk basert lakk, samt anvendelse av organisk basert, modifisert lakk til bandlakkering av valsede metallflater |
DE10160597A1 (de) * | 2001-12-10 | 2003-06-26 | Hte Ag The High Throughput Exp | Herstellung und Formgebung von Formkörpern mit Hilfe von Tiefkühl- und Trocknungs-Verfahren |
US20050124745A1 (en) | 2002-04-19 | 2005-06-09 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Flame retardant composites |
DE102004009582A1 (de) * | 2004-02-25 | 2005-09-15 | Sasol Germany Gmbh | Mit böhmitischen Tonerdehydraten gefüllte Polymere |
US20060104895A1 (en) | 2004-11-18 | 2006-05-18 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Transitional alumina particulate materials having controlled morphology and processing for forming same |
EP1828055A2 (de) * | 2004-12-14 | 2007-09-05 | Chemetall GmbH | Wasserfreie metalloxidkolloide und metalloxidpolymere, verfahren zu deren herstellung und verwendung |
EP1757663A3 (de) | 2005-08-25 | 2007-03-21 | Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. | Funktionalisierte Aluminiumoxidpartikel für Polymerkomposite |
US20070049659A1 (en) | 2005-08-25 | 2007-03-01 | Quay Jeffrey R | Functionalized alumina particles for polymer composites |
US7479324B2 (en) | 2005-11-08 | 2009-01-20 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Pigments comprising alumina hydrate and a dye, and polymer composites formed thereof |
WO2007059128A1 (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-05-24 | Wellman, Inc. | Alumina-enhanced polyester resins |
JP2009520077A (ja) * | 2005-12-15 | 2009-05-21 | キャボット コーポレイション | 透明ポリマー複合材料 |
JP5140930B2 (ja) * | 2006-02-17 | 2013-02-13 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 金属酸化物粒子複合体、それを用いた樹脂複合材、及びそれらの製造方法 |
JP4996885B2 (ja) * | 2006-06-30 | 2012-08-08 | 川研ファインケミカル株式会社 | アルミナグリコール分散液及びその製造方法 |
US7470974B2 (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2008-12-30 | Cabot Corporation | Substantially transparent material for use with light-emitting device |
WO2008016048A1 (en) | 2006-08-03 | 2008-02-07 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd | Surface-coated aluminum oxide nanoparticle and resin composition thereof |
US8207250B2 (en) * | 2007-07-17 | 2012-06-26 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Polycarbonate resin composition and process for producing the same |
EP2209842A1 (de) | 2007-10-19 | 2010-07-28 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Anwendungen von geformtem nanoaluminiumoxidhydrat als barriereeigenschaftsverbesserer in polymeren |
EP2231523A2 (de) | 2007-12-19 | 2010-09-29 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Aluminiumhydrataggregate |
US8460768B2 (en) | 2008-12-17 | 2013-06-11 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Applications of shaped nano alumina hydrate in inkjet paper |
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1999
- 1999-07-07 DE DE19931204A patent/DE19931204A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2000
- 2000-07-06 JP JP2001509289A patent/JP2003517418A/ja active Pending
- 2000-07-06 WO PCT/DE2000/002163 patent/WO2001003824A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-07-06 CA CA002378258A patent/CA2378258A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-07-06 US US10/030,066 patent/US6846435B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-07-06 EP EP00952895A patent/EP1198288A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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US4076638A (en) * | 1975-09-22 | 1978-02-28 | Petrolite Corporation | Oil-soluble aluminum compositions |
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EP0736491A2 (de) * | 1995-04-03 | 1996-10-09 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Aluminiumoxidsol und Aufzeichnungsträger |
Cited By (20)
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1198288A1 (de) | 2002-04-24 |
DE19931204A1 (de) | 2001-01-18 |
US6846435B1 (en) | 2005-01-25 |
CA2378258A1 (en) | 2001-01-18 |
JP2003517418A (ja) | 2003-05-27 |
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