WO2001003217A1 - Dispositif pour chauffer/refroidir une pile a combustible, et systeme a pile a combustible - Google Patents

Dispositif pour chauffer/refroidir une pile a combustible, et systeme a pile a combustible Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2001003217A1
WO2001003217A1 PCT/DE2000/002156 DE0002156W WO0103217A1 WO 2001003217 A1 WO2001003217 A1 WO 2001003217A1 DE 0002156 W DE0002156 W DE 0002156W WO 0103217 A1 WO0103217 A1 WO 0103217A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
heating
fuel
flow line
heat sink
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2000/002156
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jürgen HABRICH
Original Assignee
Atecs Mannesmann Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atecs Mannesmann Ag filed Critical Atecs Mannesmann Ag
Publication of WO2001003217A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001003217A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
    • H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an arrangement for heating / cooling a fuel cell.
  • the invention further relates to a fuel cell system.
  • Fuel cells have been known for a long time and have become significantly more important, particularly in the automotive industry.
  • fuel cells generate electrical energy chemically, with the individual reactants being fed continuously and the reaction product being continuously discharged.
  • the fuel cells generate electrical energy chemically, with the individual reactants being fed continuously and the reaction product being continuously discharged.
  • Hydrogen is used as fuel and oxygen as oxidant. If one wants to operate the fuel cells with a readily available or storable fuel such as natural gas, methanol or the like, the respective hydrocarbons must first be converted into a hydrogen-rich gas.
  • the fuel cells are ideally operated in a narrow temperature range. In the case of fuel cells with a proton-conducting polymer membrane (PEM fuel cells), which are preferably used in mobile applications, for example in vehicles or the like, this temperature range is approximately between 60 ° C. and 90 ° C. Heat energy is usually generated in the fuel cells during operation and has to be dissipated. In order to avoid thermal overloading of the fuel cell, the components and materials surrounding the hot installation space must be cooled intensively.
  • PEM fuel cells proton-conducting polymer membrane
  • the present invention has for its object an arrangement for
  • this object is achieved by a
  • Arrangement for heating / cooling a fuel cell with a flow line for a heating / cooling medium, which is connected or connectable to the fuel cell in such a way that a thermal exchange between the fuel cell and the heating / cooling medium takes place or can take place in the flow line and with at least one heat sink provided in the flow line, which is / can be connected to a supply line for the fuel and / or a supply line for the oxidizing agent of the fuel cell, such that a thermal exchange between the at least one heat sink and the fuel and / or the oxidizing agent for the fuel cell takes place or can take place.
  • the arrangement according to the invention allows a fuel cell, or a gas stream supplied to the fuel cell, to be quickly and easily heated to the ideal temperature range. Furthermore, the excess heat loss generated during the operation of the fuel cell can be obtained and further used.
  • the flow line for the heating / cooling medium is connected or connectable to the fuel cell in such a way that a thermal exchange takes place or can take place between the fuel cell and the heating / cooling medium in the flow line.
  • the flow line is led through the fuel cell at least in regions, for example.
  • the fuel cell can be configured, for example, as a coil or the like.
  • the flow line is flowed through by the heating / cooling medium, whereby a
  • Heat exchange takes place between the heating / cooling medium and the fuel cell.
  • the heating / cooling medium is used to cool the fuel cell, that is to say to dissipate the heat loss from the fuel cell, the heating / cooling medium which flows through the flow line can initially be cooled. When flowing through that area of the flow line that is in the
  • Fuel cell is located, the waste heat generated by the fuel cell is given off to the heating / cooling medium located in the flow line.
  • the heating / cooling medium in the flow line can also be used to heat the fuel cell.
  • the heating / cooling medium in the flow line can also be used to heat the fuel cell.
  • Heating / cooling medium that flows through the flow line is heated before entering the fuel cell.
  • the arrangement according to the invention brings about a preheating of the fuel or oxidizing agent flowing through a corresponding supply line to the fuel cell.
  • the at least one heat sink is provided, which can be designed, for example, as a heat exchanger or the like.
  • the at least one heat sink is thermally connected or connectable to the supply line for the fuel and / or the supply line for the oxidizing agent.
  • the at least one heat sink is preferably provided downstream of the fuel cell in the flow direction of the heating / cooling medium. In this way, the heat loss absorbed by the heating / cooling medium while flowing through the fuel cell can be transported to the at least one heat sink and in this to the gas stream flowing through the feed line, that is to say to the fuel or the Oxidizing agents are released.
  • the pre-temperature control of the gas stream or the gas streams can ensure stable operation of the fuel cell by heating the gas stream or the gas streams to an optimal operating temperature. Since the heat generated in the fuel cell can be used by the arrangement according to the invention, it can be separated
  • Heat sources for heating the gas stream or the gas streams are dispensed with, which not least leads to energy savings and thus to a cost reduction.
  • Hydrogen is advantageously used as fuel and oxygen, which is obtained, for example, from the ambient air, is used as the oxidizing agent.
  • two heat sinks are provided, one heat sink being connected or connectable to the supply line for the fuel and the other heat sink being connected to the supply line for the oxidizing agent.
  • Flow line may be arranged. This configuration divides the flow of the heating / cooling medium flowing through the flow line into two volume flows. A correspondingly suitable valve can be provided to regulate the individual volume flows.
  • a temperature sensor is advantageously provided in the flow line.
  • the temperature sensor is advantageously arranged in the flow direction of the heating / cooling medium after the fuel cell and before the heat sinks described above. In this way, the heat loss of the fuel cell dissipated through the flow line can be measured via the temperature sensor.
  • the flow line can advantageously be designed as a closed heating / cooling circuit. In this way, the amount of the heating / cooling medium circulating in the flow line can be reduced, since no heating / cooling medium can escape from the flow line during a circulation cycle. Furthermore, at In such a closed circuit, the addition of further substances in the heating / cooling medium, for example protective agents against corrosion, freezing or the like, is possible without problems.
  • the amount of heat dissipated by the fuel cell via the flow line is first measured via the temperature sensor.
  • the flow of the heating / cooling medium is divided into two volume flows. These convey the amount of heat to two heat sinks connected in parallel, which are designed, for example, as gas / liquid heat exchangers. These two heat sinks are either in thermal connection with the supply line for the fuel or the supply line for the oxidant of the fuel cell. With these heat sinks functioning as heat exchangers, both the process gas - for example hydrogen - and the oxidizing agent - for example ambient air which acts as an oxygen supplier - are heated to an optimal operating temperature. The two flows of the heating / cooling medium can then be brought together again and made available to other consumers in the further course.
  • a heating device can be provided, the heating device being thermally connected or connectable to the fuel cell and / or the at least one heat sink.
  • a heating device can be used, for example, to heat the fuel cell during a cold start.
  • the heating device can be connected either directly or indirectly to the fuel cell and / or the at least one heat sink. An indirect connection can be made, for example, via the flow line for the heating / cooling medium. This configuration is described in more detail below.
  • the fuel cell can be preheated by the heating device and thus accelerated to the ideal operating temperature. This means that the fuel cell is ready for use in a very short time. This is particularly desirable when operating fuel cells in vehicles, since the vehicle is generally to be started and moved immediately after boarding. Since the heating / cooling medium flowing through the flow line also flows through the heating device can be heated via this, the at least one heat sink can also be supplied with heat, so that the fuel and / or the oxidizing agent for the fuel cell can also be preheated in a suitable manner via the heating device during the cold start of the fuel cell.
  • the heating device can advantageously be designed as a burner or an electrical heating element.
  • the heating device is designed as a burner, in particular as a catalytic burner, it can, for example, from a partial flow of the fuel for the
  • Fuel cell operated If the fuel of the fuel cell is generated in an upstream module from another energy source, such as methanol, gasoline, natural gas, methane, coal gas, biogas or another hydrocarbon, the heating device can also be operated directly with these hydrocarbons. Finally, it is also conceivable that
  • the heating device is designed as an electrical heating element
  • the required electrical energy can be made available by a battery, in particular in the first time, that is to say when the fuel cell is started up.
  • the battery for the vehicle electrical system can be used as the battery.
  • the electrical heating element can be designed, for example, but not exclusively, as a heating wire, heating coil or the like.
  • the heating device can be arranged in the flow line. This allows the heat to be transferred via the heating / cooling circuit of the fuel cell.
  • Heating device with the fuel cell and / or the heat sink (s) is achieved on the one hand that the fuel cell and / or the gas streams supplied to the fuel cell can be preheated and accelerated to the ideal operating temperature.
  • the heating device in such a Arrangement take on other functions, which are described in more detail below.
  • a conveyor is advantageously arranged in the flow line.
  • the flow rate of the heating / cooling medium within the flow line can be set via such a conveying device.
  • the flow rate of the heating / cooling medium also influences the heat exchange rate between the heating / cooling medium and the fuel cell and between the heating / cooling medium and the gas flow (s) supplied via the feed line.
  • the conveyor can be designed differently. If, for example, a liquid heating / cooling medium such as water, oil or the like is used, the delivery device is preferably designed as a pump. If, for example, a gas such as air or the like is used as the heating / cooling medium, the conveying device is preferably designed as a blower. The invention is not limited to the conveyor devices mentioned.
  • a further heat sink is arranged in the flow line.
  • This heat sink can be designed, for example, as a cooler. In steady-state operation at the nominal temperature of the fuel cell, the waste heat from the fuel cell can be transferred to the heat sink via the heating / cooling medium flowing through the flow line. If the heat sink is designed as an air-cooled cooler, the heat can be released into the ambient air via this.
  • this heat sink can be connected to the flow line via a valve, in particular a three-way valve.
  • the valve is switched in such a way that the heating / cooling medium can be led past the heat sink, for example via a suitable bypass line.
  • the heating device is arranged within the flow line, the fuel cell and / or a gas stream supplied to the fuel cell can first be brought to the desired temperature in this way.
  • the valve can be switched so that the heat absorbed by the heating / cooling medium is released to the heat sink.
  • a precisely defined amount of heat can be removed from the cooling circuit and supplied to the heat sink via an appropriate position of the valve and a possible bypass control. This is particularly advantageous if the heat sink is used to air-condition a passenger compartment for a vehicle.
  • an additional heat sink can be arranged in the flow line. This functions, for example, as a heater for a device outside the fuel cell system and can be used, for example, to air-condition the passenger cell of a vehicle.
  • the heat sink can be designed, for example, as a heat exchanger. The heat loss generated in the fuel cell can thus be dissipated from the heating / cooling medium flowing through the flow line and transported to the heat exchanger. In the heat exchanger, heat is extracted from the heating / cooling medium so that it can subsequently be used for air conditioning the passenger compartment.
  • the components and materials surrounding the hot installation space can initially be intensively cooled using the arrangement according to the invention.
  • water has a high specific heat capacity and good heat transfer to or from an object to be cooled or heated
  • water is advantageously used as the heating / cooling medium for the arrangement according to the invention.
  • Such cooling is also used in today's internal combustion engines, so that the arrangement according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in vehicles.
  • the arrangement according to the invention advantageously permits so-called air-water circulation cooling. This has a closed water circuit, which also allows, for example, the addition of protective agents against corrosion, freezing or the like.
  • the cooling water is pumped through the fuel cell with a water pump, where it absorbs the heat loss generated in the fuel cell.
  • the heat loss stored in the cooling water is then via the heat sink or the heat sinks for heating the Fuelselle supplied fuel and / or oxidizing agent used. Subsequently, the residual heat remaining in the heating / cooling medium can be used further via the additional heat sinks in the heating / cooling circuit. If one of these heat sinks is designed, for example, as a cooler, the heat can be removed by the wind (when the fuel cell is in a vehicle) and / or an additional fan. Cooling air is introduced into the heat sink by the airstream or by the additional fan, which absorbs the residual heat remaining in the heating / cooling medium. The heat absorbed in this way can be dissipated or used to air-condition the passenger compartment. The now cooled heating / cooling medium is again fed into the
  • the heating device described above can initially - for example when the fuel cell system is cold started
  • the heating device can also be used to heat the passenger compartment - for example as additional heating or auxiliary heating. This is particularly useful when the fuel cell is operated in the low power range, where it generates little waste heat and the heat sink or heat sink is large, for example at low outside temperatures.
  • the heating device can be used in the described operating mode not only for preheating when starting the fuel cell, but also in stationary operation of the fuel cell, where it cools the fuel cell below the minimum value of the ideal range of
  • Operating temperature of the fuel cell can counteract. This can be necessary for systems with and without a heat sink if the fuel cell is operated at a low power output and the outside temperatures are extremely low.
  • a fuel cell system with at least one fuel cell which has a feed line and a discharge line for a fuel, and a feed line and a discharge line for an oxidizing agent, the fuel cell system according to the invention being characterized in that for heating / Cooling the Fuel cell an inventive arrangement as described above is provided.
  • Oxidizing agent connected to the at least one heat sink provided in the flow line of the arrangement such that a thermal exchange takes place or can take place between the heat sink and the fuel and / or the oxidizing agent.
  • the heating device for supplying fuel is connected to the supply line for the fuel of the fuel cell.
  • the heating device if it is designed as a burner, can be operated from a partial flow of the fuel gas of the fuel cell.
  • the heating device can be connected to an arrangement for generating / processing the fuel for the fuel cell.
  • a heating device designed as a burner can be operated directly with substances from which the fuel for the fuel cell is produced or processed.
  • the heating device can be connected to the discharge line for the fuel and / or the discharge line for the oxidizing agent.
  • the exhaust gas streams emerging from the fuel cell are very hot, so that this heat for heating the heating / cooling medium within the
  • the heating device can be connected to the discharge line for the oxidizing agent or the discharge line for the fuel or also to both discharge lines. Such a connection is particularly advantageous whenever there is a lot of heat in the exhaust gas flow. However, it must be ensured that the heat from the exhaust gas stream is returned no harmful components that could damage the fuel cell are removed. In an advantageous embodiment, the heating device is therefore connected to the discharge line for the oxidizing agent, in particular when pure oxygen is used as the oxidizing agent.
  • the fuel cell system can have two or more fuel cells. Usually more than two fuel cells are used in a fuel cell system, which then form a so-called fuel cell stack. The number of fuel cells combined in such a fuel cell stack results from the performance requirements for the fuel cell system.
  • An arrangement according to the invention as described above and / or a fuel cell system according to the invention as described above can advantageously be used in or for a vehicle.
  • fuel cell technology Due to the rapid development of fuel cell technology in the vehicle sector, such use offers particularly good applications. However, other possible uses are also conceivable. Examples include fuel cells for mobile devices such as computers or the like, right up to power plants. Here the fuel cell technology is particularly suitable for the decentralized energy supply of houses, industrial plants or the like.
  • the present invention is preferably used in connection with fuel cells with polymer membranes (PEM). These fuel cells have a high electrical efficiency, cause only minimal emissions, have an optimal part-load behavior and are essentially free of mechanical wear.
  • PEM polymer membranes
  • the figure shows a fuel cell system 10 for a vehicle, which has a number of fuel cells 20 that form a fuel cell stack are summarized. For the sake of clarity, only a single fuel cell 20 is shown in the figure.
  • the fuel cell 20 has a supply line 21 and a discharge line 22 for a fuel, in the present case hydrogen, and a supply line 23 and one
  • the arrangement 30 has a flow line 31 designed as a closed heating / cooling circuit 32, through which a liquid heating / cooling medium, in the present case water, flows.
  • a partial area 33 of the flow line 31 is connected to the fuel cell 20 in such a way that a thermal exchange takes place or can take place between the fuel cell 20 and the heating / cooling medium in the flow line 31.
  • the fuel cell 20 is penetrated by the partial area 33 of the flow line 31.
  • the flow line 31 is preferably designed as a coil.
  • the partial area 33 of the flow line 31 is connected to the flow line 31 via a valve 34.
  • the amount of the heating / cooling medium flowing through the fuel cell 20 can be adjusted via a corresponding setting of the valve and thus the amount of the heat loss dissipated from the fuel cell 20 can be regulated.
  • a pump 47 is also provided, via which the flow rate of the heating / cooling medium is set and regulated.
  • the temperature of the heating / cooling medium leaving the fuel cell 20 is measured via a temperature sensor 41 connected to the flow line 31.
  • the temperature sensor 41 is provided downstream of the fuel cell 20 in the flow direction of the heating / cooling medium.
  • Two heat sinks 35, 36 designed as indirect heat exchangers are connected to the flow line 31 via two valves 39, 40 and two partial areas 37, 38 of the flow line 31.
  • the heat sink 35 is connected to the supply line 23 for the oxidizing agent
  • the heat sink 36 is connected to the supply line 21 for the fuel such that between the heat sinks 35, 36 and the
  • the heat sinks 35, 36 are connected to the flow line 31 via the corresponding partial areas 37, 38 of the flow line 31 and the valves 39, 40, the heating / cooling medium flow is divided into two volume flows. The two partial volume flows each flow through one of the heat sinks 35 and 36.
  • the heat loss stored in the heating / cooling medium can be transferred from the fuel cell 20 via the heat sinks 35, 36 to the gas flow of the fuel and the oxidizing agent supplied to the fuel cell 20, whereby these gas flows are brought to the optimum operating temperature for fuel cell operation.
  • the heat sinks 35, 36 are advantageously arranged in parallel within the flow line 31.
  • the partial volume flows of the heating / cooling medium flowing through the subregions 37, 38 of the flow line 31 are brought together again, so that they can be used by other consumers within the arrangement
  • the flow rate of the heating / cooling medium can be regulated via a corresponding position of the valves 39, 40.
  • Heating / cooling medium are flowed through. Furthermore, the flow rate of the heating / cooling medium through the heat sinks 35, 36 can be set precisely by a corresponding position of the valves 39, 40. In this way, an accurate and defined heating of the gas flows supplied to the fuel cell is possible.
  • a heating device 42 designed as a catalytic burner, as well as a heat sink 43 designed as an indirect heat exchanger is provided, which serves as regular heating and is used for air conditioning the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
  • a heat sink 44 designed as an air-cooled cooler is also provided, which is connected to the flow line 31 via a three-way valve 45.
  • a bypass line 46 is also provided, which is connected to the flow line 31 via the valve 45.
  • the fuel cell system 10 When the fuel cell system 10 is used to operate a vehicle, it is desirable that the fuel cell system be operated immediately after the start of the
  • the heating device 42 is provided in the flow line 31 and is designed, for example, as a catalytic burner.
  • the heating / cooling circuit 32 is the of
  • the heating device 42 transports heat transferred to the heating / cooling medium through the flow line 31 to the fuel cell 20 and releases it there.
  • the fuel cell 20 is thus preheated via the heating device 42 and accelerated to the ideal operating temperature.
  • the fuel cell system 10 can be started.
  • the residual heat remaining in the heating / cooling medium after leaving the fuel cell 20 is used to bring the inflow of fuel and oxidizing agent to the fuel cell to the optimum operating temperature required for operation via the heat sinks 35, 36.
  • valve 45 is switched in the starting phase of the fuel cell 20 in such a way that the heating / cooling medium via the bypass line 46 on the Heat sink 44 is passed.
  • the excess heat loss generated in the fuel cell 20 must be dissipated. This is done via the heating / cooling medium flowing through the flow line 31.
  • the heat loss generated in the fuel cell 20 is based on the heat / Cooling circuit 32 moving heating / cooling medium.
  • the temperature of the heating / cooling medium is measured via the temperature sensor 41.
  • the valves 39, 40 are set accordingly, so that a defined volume flow of the heating / cooling medium can flow through the heat sinks 35, 36. Inside the heat sinks 35, 36 the stored in the heating / cooling medium
  • Partial volume flows of the heating / cooling medium flowing through the flow line 31 are once again combined into a single volume flow and passed further through the flow line 31 of the closed heating / cooling circuit 32.
  • the residual heat remaining in the heating / cooling medium after flowing through the heat sinks 35, 36 can now be transferred to the heat sink 44, which in the present case is designed as an air-cooled cooler.
  • the valve 45 is first switched over such that the heating / cooling medium now flows through the heat sink 44.
  • the heat sink 44 absorbs the heat stored in the heating / cooling medium and thus heats one, for example
  • Airflow that can be generated by the airstream and / or an additional fan If the fuel cell 20 is in the steady state and the waste heat is removed from the fuel cell 20 via the heating / cooling medium, the heating device 42 is generally switched off in order to prevent additional heating of the heating / cooling medium.
  • the heating device can 42 can be used as additional heating or as auxiliary heating for the passenger compartment. Via the heating device 42, the heating / cooling medium in the flow line 31, which has already absorbed the small amount of waste heat from the fuel cell 20, is further heated, so that a sufficient heat potential is generated in the heating / cooling medium, which is released to the heat sink 42 can.
  • the current of the heating / cooling medium is then bypassed past the heat sink 44 via the bypass line 46 via a corresponding actuation of the valve 45 to avoid undesired heat losses.
  • the valve 45 can be switched so that the heating / cooling medium is avoided in order to avoid an excessive drop in temperature temporarily or only with a partial flow over the bypass line.
  • the heat sink 43 designed as a heating heat exchanger is sufficient to prevent the
  • the heating device 42 can be used not only for preheating when the fuel cell system 10 is started, but also in the stationary operation of the heating device 42
  • Fuel cell system 10 where it can counteract a cooling of the fuel cell 20 below the minimum value of the ideal range of the operating temperature.
  • valve 35 heat sink (heat exchanger)

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

Selon l'invention, grâce à un dispositif (30), en particulier lors d'un démarrage rapide d'un système à pile à combustible (10), ladite pile à combustible (20) et les courants de gaz conduits à la pile à combustible (20) peuvent être amenés à la température de fonctionnement idéal par un préchauffage et de façon accélérée. A cet effet, une conduite d'écoulement (31) est destinée à un agent de chauffage/refroidissement et est relié ou peut-être relié à la pile à combustible (20) de telle sorte qu'un échange thermique a lieu ou peut avoir lieu entre la pile à combustible (20) et l'agent de chauffage/refroidissement. En outre, dans la conduite d'écoulement (31) se trouve au moins un puits de chaleur (35, 36) qui est relié ou peut être relié à une conduite d'amenée pour combustible (21) et/ou une conduite d'amenée pour agent d'oxydation (23) de la pile à combustible (20), de telle sorte qu'un échange thermique entre le ou les puits de chaleur (35; 36) et le combustible et/ou l'agent d'oxydation destinés à la pile à combustible (20) a lieu ou peut avoir lieu. Grâce au dispositif (30) selon l'invention, la chaleur perdue dans la pile à combustible (20) peut être utilisée pour le chauffage du combustible et/ou de l'agent d'oxydation. Pour le chauffage complémentaire de l'agent de chauffage/refroidissement, par exemple lors du démarrage à froid du système à pile à combustible (10), est monté un dispositif de chauffage (42) se présentant sous la forme d'un brûleur.
PCT/DE2000/002156 1999-07-01 2000-06-30 Dispositif pour chauffer/refroidir une pile a combustible, et systeme a pile a combustible WO2001003217A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19931061A DE19931061A1 (de) 1999-07-01 1999-07-01 Anordnung zum Beheizen/Kühlen einer Brennstoffzelle und Brennstoffzellensystem
DE19931061.0 1999-07-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001003217A1 true WO2001003217A1 (fr) 2001-01-11

Family

ID=7913756

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2000/002156 WO2001003217A1 (fr) 1999-07-01 2000-06-30 Dispositif pour chauffer/refroidir une pile a combustible, et systeme a pile a combustible

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE19931061A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001003217A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6479177B1 (en) 1996-06-07 2002-11-12 Ballard Power Systems Inc. Method for improving the cold starting capability of an electrochemical fuel cell
GB2407432A (en) * 2003-10-24 2005-04-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel cell having a heating and /or cooling circuit
US7482085B2 (en) 1996-06-07 2009-01-27 Bdf Ip Holdings Ltd. Apparatus for improving the cold starting capability of an electrochemical fuel cell
US9858455B2 (en) 2010-08-27 2018-01-02 Q Street, LLC System and method for interactive user-directed interfacing between handheld devices and RFID media

Families Citing this family (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10023036A1 (de) * 2000-05-11 2001-11-22 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Kaltstart von Brennstoffzellen einer Brennstoffzellenanlage und zugehörige Brennstoffzellenanlage
DE10107596B4 (de) * 2001-02-17 2005-11-03 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag Niedertemperatur-Brennstoffzelleneinrichtung für Fahrzeuge, insbesondere PEM (Proton-Exchange Membrane)-Brennstoffzelleneinrichtung
DE10107875B4 (de) * 2001-02-20 2012-03-29 Nucellsys Gmbh System zur Kühlung einer Brennstoffzellenanlage
DE10139018A1 (de) * 2001-08-08 2003-02-20 Mahle Filtersysteme Gmbh Verfahren zum Erwärmen oder Kühlen eines Funktionselementes und Einrichtung zur Durchführung
US7179556B2 (en) 2001-08-10 2007-02-20 Denso Corporation Fuel cell system
US6935282B2 (en) 2001-08-16 2005-08-30 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Vehicle having an internal combustion engine and a fuel cell and method of making a vehicle
JP4131110B2 (ja) * 2002-02-28 2008-08-13 株式会社エクォス・リサーチ 燃料電池スタック
DE10219429B4 (de) * 2002-05-02 2006-04-27 Audi Ag Kraftfahrzeug mit einer Antriebseinrichtung und mit einem Betriebsmittelspeicher
JP2004026008A (ja) * 2002-06-25 2004-01-29 Honda Motor Co Ltd 燃料電池電気自動車
DE10301812B4 (de) * 2003-01-20 2007-02-22 Daimlerchrysler Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brennstoffzellensystems
US7135245B2 (en) * 2003-05-16 2006-11-14 General Motors Corporation Apparatus and method for stack temperature control
DE102004013256A1 (de) * 2004-03-18 2005-10-06 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Brennstoffzelle
DE112005003074B8 (de) 2004-12-15 2023-07-27 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Brennstoffzellensystem
DE502005008135D1 (de) 2005-03-16 2009-10-29 Inst Mikrotechnik Mainz Gmbh Reformer-Brennstoffzellen-System mit externem Brenner
DE102007054299A1 (de) * 2007-11-09 2009-05-14 Volkswagen Ag Kühlsystem für eine Brennstoffzelle eines Brennstoffzellenfahrzeuges
DE102008011235A1 (de) * 2008-02-26 2009-08-27 Dbk David + Baader Gmbh Temperaturregelanlage für Brennstoffzellen und Verfahren zur Temperaturregelung von Brennstoffzellen
DE102009028648A1 (de) * 2009-08-19 2011-02-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Temperiervorrichtung
DE102016200612A1 (de) 2016-01-19 2017-07-20 Volkswagen Ag Heiz- und Kühlsystem für einen Brennstoffzellenstapel, hydraulische Weiche für ein solches sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb desselben
DE102018104602A1 (de) * 2018-02-28 2019-08-29 Elringklinger Ag Heizsystem und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE102017210839A1 (de) 2017-06-27 2018-12-27 Elringklinger Ag Heizsystem
WO2019002181A1 (fr) 2017-06-27 2019-01-03 Elringklinger Ag Système de chauffage et procédé de fabrication
DE102018104601A1 (de) 2018-02-28 2019-08-29 Elringklinger Ag Heizsystem und dessen Verwendung
DE102018133529A1 (de) 2018-12-21 2020-06-25 Siqens Gmbh Brennersystem sowie Verfahren zum Bereitstellen von thermischer Energie
DE102020207253A1 (de) * 2020-06-10 2021-12-16 Argo Gmbh Ventileinrichtung, Intankventil und Gasdruckspeichersystem, insbesondere für Brennstoffzellensysteme, sowie Verfahren zum Detektieren einer Leckage
WO2022033994A1 (fr) 2020-08-14 2022-02-17 Siqens Gmbh Dispositif de thermorégulation pour un accumulateur ou convertisseur d'énergie se présentant sous la forme d'un empilement et empilement de cellules élémentaires comportant un tel dispositif de thermorégulation
DE102020212393B3 (de) 2020-09-30 2021-12-30 Siemens Mobility GmbH Fahrzeug mit katalytischem Brenner zur Klimatisierung eines Fahrgastraums

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3539397A (en) * 1967-05-23 1970-11-10 United Aircraft Corp Fuel cell with temperature control
JPH06333583A (ja) * 1993-05-21 1994-12-02 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池発電装置
JPH07326376A (ja) * 1994-05-31 1995-12-12 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 固体高分子電解質燃料電池の温度制御・加湿システム
EP0741428A1 (fr) * 1995-05-04 1996-11-06 FINMECCANICA S.p.A. AZIENDA ANSALDO Système d'admission pour piles à combustible du type SPE (Electrolyte polymère solide) pour véhicules hybrides

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3539397A (en) * 1967-05-23 1970-11-10 United Aircraft Corp Fuel cell with temperature control
JPH06333583A (ja) * 1993-05-21 1994-12-02 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池発電装置
JPH07326376A (ja) * 1994-05-31 1995-12-12 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 固体高分子電解質燃料電池の温度制御・加湿システム
EP0741428A1 (fr) * 1995-05-04 1996-11-06 FINMECCANICA S.p.A. AZIENDA ANSALDO Système d'admission pour piles à combustible du type SPE (Electrolyte polymère solide) pour véhicules hybrides

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1995, no. 03 28 April 1995 (1995-04-28) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1996, no. 04 30 April 1996 (1996-04-30) *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6479177B1 (en) 1996-06-07 2002-11-12 Ballard Power Systems Inc. Method for improving the cold starting capability of an electrochemical fuel cell
US7482085B2 (en) 1996-06-07 2009-01-27 Bdf Ip Holdings Ltd. Apparatus for improving the cold starting capability of an electrochemical fuel cell
GB2407432A (en) * 2003-10-24 2005-04-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel cell having a heating and /or cooling circuit
GB2407432B (en) * 2003-10-24 2006-01-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel cell having a heating and/or cooling circuit
US9858455B2 (en) 2010-08-27 2018-01-02 Q Street, LLC System and method for interactive user-directed interfacing between handheld devices and RFID media

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19931061A1 (de) 2001-01-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2001003217A1 (fr) Dispositif pour chauffer/refroidir une pile a combustible, et systeme a pile a combustible
DE112007002347B4 (de) Klimatisierungssteuerungssystem
EP1616361B1 (fr) Dispositif de conversion de l'energie avec installation de reformage et installation de pile a combustible associees
EP1679757B1 (fr) Système de pile à combustible
DE19701560A1 (de) Brennstoffzellensystem
DE10062257B4 (de) Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Brennstoffzellensystems
DE10065459A1 (de) Gestufte Entlüftung eines Brennstoffzellensystemes bei Schnellabschaltung
DE102011088563B4 (de) Anordnung mit Brennstoffzellensystem
DE10065458B4 (de) Verfahren zur Detektion des Abschaltzustandes während der Abschaltung eines Brennstoffzellensystems mit Anodendrucksteuerung
EP1557896A1 (fr) Système de conversion d'énergie et procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de transformation d'énergie
DE19931062B4 (de) Anordnung zum Beheizen/Kühlen einer Brennstoffzelle und Brennstoffzellensystem und deren Verwendung
EP3970218A1 (fr) Système de pile à combustible ayant deux unités de cellule de pile à combustible qui peuvent être exploitées indépendamment l'une de l'autre
EP2038951A1 (fr) Système de cellules électrochimiques et procédé destiné à influencer l'économie thermique d'un système de cellules électrochimiques
DE102007006963A1 (de) Brennstoffzellensystem für ein Fahrzeug
DE10152233A1 (de) Brennstoffzellensystem
WO2014012615A1 (fr) Système de pile à combustible
DE10203311B4 (de) Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben desselben
EP2028709B1 (fr) Système de pile à combustible
DE10002942A1 (de) Heizungsanlage
DE102019219824A1 (de) Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zum Kühlen einer Brennstoffzelle
DE19931063C2 (de) Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zum Kühlen und Heizen von Reaktorelementen
EP1845577B1 (fr) Système de pile à combustible
DE102015218751A1 (de) Wärme-Feuchte-Übertragungseinrichtung für Brennstoffzelle, sowie Brennstoffzellensystem und Fahrzeug mit einer solchen
DE112021000706B4 (de) Brennstoffzellensystem, dessen Verwendung und Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb
DE102008008907A1 (de) Brennstoffzellensystem

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): JP US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
WA Withdrawal of international application