WO2000078643A1

WO2000078643A1 - Method and device for unloading and storing heterogeneous waste

Info

Publication number: WO2000078643A1
Application number: PCT/EP2000/005492
Authority: WO
Inventors: Günter H. KISS
Original assignee: Thermoselect Ag
Priority date: 1999-06-22
Filing date: 2000-06-15
Publication date: 2000-12-28
Also published as: KR20020021135A; DE19928396A1; EP1196337A1; AU5814500A; JP4455792B2; JP2003502247A; DE19928396C2

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for unloading and storing heterogeneous waste such as refuse and similar in a waste bunker. According to the inventive method, the refuse is unloaded from a means of transport (19) into an unloading area (11) which is located underneath a transport route (21). The unloaded refuse is conveyed from said unloading area (11) to a pre-bunker (2) by means of an appropriate device (14), whereby the bottom of the pre-bunker is located at a lower level than the bottom of the unloading area (11). The refuse is then displaced from the pre-bunker (2) to a storage bunker (3) above the ground by means of a crane.

Description

(BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GW, ML, MR, NE, To explain the two-letter codes, and the other SN, TD, TG). Abbreviations are used on the explanations ("Guidance Notes on

Codes and Abbreviations ") at the beginning of every regular edition

Published: _e PCT Gazette referenced

- With an international search report

(57) Summary: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for unloading and storing heterogeneous disposal material, for example gauze and the like, in a garbage bunker. According to the method according to the invention, the gauze is unloaded from a transport means (19) into an unloading area (11) arranged below the transport line (21). The unloaded waste is transported from this unloading area (11) with a suitable device (14) into a pre-bunker (2), the sole of which is below the sole of the unloading area (11). The garbage is then transferred from the pre-bunker (2) to an above-ground storage bunker (3) by means of a crane (4).

Method and device for unloading and storing heterogeneous goods

The present invention relates to a method and a device for unloading and storing heterogeneous waste, such as garbage and the like, in garbage bins according to the preamble of claims 1 and 17.

Plants in which waste, such as domestic and special waste, sewage sludge and industrial waste, are thermally treated, have garbage bunkers on the entrance side, in which larger quantities of these heterogeneous disposal goods are temporarily stored or stored. This waste, summarized here as

"Waste" are called, are in their very heterogeneous composition and in the usual storage quantities of thousands of tons a significant environmental risk. Conventional garbage bunkers must therefore be dimensioned sufficiently so that when refilling the garbage from above into the garbage bunker, there is always space within the garbage bunker. Conventional waste bunkers consist of a large one

Main bunker, which lies far below the surface of the earth with its bottom and has a filling opening at the surface of the earth. This allows garbage trucks to drive up to the opening at ground level and empty the garbage into the garbage bunker.

In particular, moving the garbage vehicles towards and away from and opening the garbage bunker results in long unloading times and thus low handling capacity. Furthermore, a pouring cone is formed, the full height and volume of the storage bunker being fully utilized only in the area of the opening, while large volumes of the refuse bunker remain free at the edges of the pouring cone. In order to be able to use the existing storage volume, the waste must then be rearranged with an installed crane system.

In order to simplify the delivery and unloading of the garbage into the garbage bunker from the corresponding transport vehicles such as trucks or railroad cars, conventional storage bunkers are built underground, so that the filling opening located above can be accessed at ground level. However, this has the disadvantage that the entire storage bunker must be made completely watertight because of the risk of groundwater contamination. Of course, this is associated with very large costs in the case of such large structures. The object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive method and an inexpensive device for unloading and storing heterogeneous waste, in which the capacity of the storage facility is optimally used.

This object is achieved by the method according to the preamble of claim 1 and by the device according to the preamble of claim 17 in connection with their respective characteristic features. Advantageous developments of the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention are given in the dependent claims.

According to the invention, the refuse bunker is divided into a pre-bunker and a storage bunker, and the pre-bunker can be considerably smaller than the storage bunker. The storage bunker can be the main storage area of a waste incineration plant, for example.

The garbage is now dumped from a garbage truck through an opening behind it into an unloading area upstream of the bunker. From there it is conveyed, for example by a stamp, into the pre-bunker, the sole of which can be arranged lower than the sole of the unloading area. The waste from the pre-bunker is then promptly transferred to the storage bunker.

It is now advantageous that the garbage trucks drive forward over the opening, empty the garbage backwards into the unloading area and leave the opening forward again in the unloaded state, so that a high throughput is achieved. As the waste is quickly transferred to the storage bunker, only a small pre-bunker is required. Through the implementation of the disposal material, a cone of debris in the storage bunker is avoided, so that the storage capacity of the storage bunker is fully used.

Advantageously, the material to be disposed of is pushed from the unloading area into the pre-bunker through an opening, the material to be disposed being compressed so that it forms an essentially gas-tight plug in the opening between the unloading area and the pre-bunker.

Since the pre-bunker and the storage bunker are advantageously kept under an inert gas atmosphere and under vacuum, the plug prevents the penetration of outside air into the pre-bunker and storage bunker, thus ensuring the vacuum.

Furthermore, the volume of the material to be disposed of is already reduced by the compression, so that the capacity of the storage bunker is optimally used. The opening between the unloading area and the pre-bunker can be provided with a flap, the waste material then being pushed in batches, for example by a stamp, from the unloading area into the pre-bunker. The flap can be pivoted, for example, as a hanging or standing flap on the upper or lower edge of the opening. The flap is advantageously arranged at the opening on the unloading area side. The opening can advantageously be designed as a horizontal shaft in which the waste material is compacted and is closed graft-like by the compacted waste.

To avoid any odor nuisance in the outside area, the unloading area itself can have a loading opening which is designed as a funnel-shaped shaft or which has self-closing flaps which form a funnel-shaped shaft after opening. Furthermore, the unloading area can be continuously sucked off in the area of its loading opening, so that no dusts or smells can penetrate into the outside area.

Advantageously, by separating the refuse bunker into a pre-bunker and a storage bunker and by arranging an additional unloading area, it is only necessary to arrange the pre-bunker and possibly the unloading area underground, the respective loading openings then being at ground level. This enables unloading of the approaching transport vehicles at ground level. The storage bunker itself, which essentially serves to store the disposal material and can be separated from the pre-bunker by a partition, can in turn be arranged above ground, the crane lifting the disposal material from the pre-bunker into the storage bunker during relocation. This now has the advantage that, as desired, the unloading of the approaching transport vehicles can take place at ground level, but the bulk of the refuse bunker, namely the storage bunker, can be grown above ground. This means that the storage bunker itself does not have to be completely watertight and there is no danger that the floor area around the storage bunker may be contaminated by possible leaks, for example by penetrating and escaping groundwater becomes. This results in enormous cost savings in the construction of the refuse bunker, since only the pre-bunker or the unloading area, as in the case of conventional refuse bunkers, has to be arranged in an appropriately sealed underground manner.

Advantageously, the means of transport, such as trucks or rail vehicles, travel over the closed unloading hatch of the unloading area to an unloading point, whereupon the means of transport loaded with waste material is weighed, the unloading hatch is then opened and the garbage is unloaded into this opening, the loading hatch is closed and then that unloaded means of transport is weighed again. So that the unloaded

Amount of waste can be recorded exactly. In particular, this ensures a continuous, almost continuous unloading operation, since the transport means are moved forward over the unloading area for unloading and forward after unloading from the unloading area. Shunting work is therefore not necessary.

Some advantageous examples of the method and device according to the invention are described below.

Show it

1 shows a device according to the invention;

2 shows a further device according to the invention; and

Fig. 3 shows another device according to the invention. 1 shows a waste bunker 1 according to the invention, for storing waste for subsequent loading of a waste incineration plant, which is separated into two sub-areas, a preliminary bunker 2 and a storage bunker 3. The pre-bunker 2 and the storage bunker 3 are separated from one another by a wall 8. In the waste bunker 1, a crane 4 is also provided for transferring waste 5 from the preliminary bunker 2 into the storage bunker 3. By means of the crane, which can pass through between the upper edge of the wall 8 and the bunker ceiling, the unloading area of the storage bunker 3 can now be fully utilized up to the maximum height of the wall 8, without forming a cone or dead areas.

In addition to the pre-bunker 2, an unloading area 11 is also arranged, which has a loading hatch or filling opening 12 on its upper side. This filling opening 12 can be closed by flaps 13, the flaps 13 forming a funnel-shaped opening in this embodiment in the open state, as shown in FIG. 1. The bottom of the unloading area 11 and the pre-bunker 2 are arranged underground, the upper edge of the filling opening 12 being at ground level or slightly below the ground level 20. As shown in FIG. 1A, a refuse vehicle 19, shown here from behind, can therefore be driven at ground level to the unloading point 18 and pour the refuse 5 directly into the filling opening 12. The garbage is then on the bottom of the unloading area 11 and is pushed through a ste pel-like press 14 from the unloading area 11 through an opening 15 from the unloading area 11 into the bunker 2. There it is picked up by the gripper 4 and transported to the storage bunker 3. In contrast to the unloading area 11 and the pre-bunker 2, the sole of the storage bunker 3 is built at ground level, so that it only has contact with the ground with its foundation. Therefore, with the exception of the foundation, all the walls of the storage bunker 3 can be constructed in a conventional manner and do not have to be additionally sealed against the presence of groundwater or against leaks. This results in large cost savings compared to conventional underground rubbish bunkers or a considerably simpler loading compared to conventional rubbish bunkers arranged above ground, in which ramps have to be built onto the roof of the rubbish bunker that can be driven over from above to be filled.

1B shows a top view of the unloading point 18. A roadway 21 leads over the loading hatch 12 of the unloading area 11. A vehicle 19a is shown in the unloading position in which it is weighed and unloaded into the loading hatch 12 after the closing flaps 13 were opened. Another vehicle 19b is waiting to be dispatched.

FIG. 2 shows a further example of a device according to the invention, the same elements as in FIG. 1 being designated with the same reference symbols. In contrast to FIG. 1, however, between the unloading area 11 and the pre-bunker 2 there is an opening designed as a horizontal shaft 15 for moving the garbage 16 from the unloading area into the pre-bunker 2. In this shaft-like opening 15, the garbage 16 is removed by means of the stamp 14 compresses and thereby forms an essentially gastight plug between the

Vorbunker 2 and the unloading area 11. This can the penetration of gases into the storage bunker 1 via the unloading area 11 and the opening 12 can be prevented. Since only a small amount of waste is stored in the unloading area 11 and in the pre-bunker 2, since it is immediately relocated via the press 14 or the crane 4 to the pre-bunker 2 or the storage bunker 3 for medium-term or long-term storage, the unloading area 11 and the pre-bunker 2 has a relatively small volume. The storage bunker 3 is accordingly not to scale in Fig. 2 but much too small in

Relationship to the unloading area 11 and the pre-bunker 2 shown.

So that any odor nuisance in the outside area is also avoided, in this exemplary embodiment the unloading area 11 as well as the pre-bunker 2 and the storage bunker 3 are operated with atmospheric negative pressure. The unloading area 11 also has two flaps 13 for closing the filling opening 12 when no waste is being filled. Due to the negative pressure, any gases that arise are sucked out through the filling opening 12 before escaping and any odor development to the outside is avoided.

In contrast to FIG. 1, in this case the storage bunker 3 is also arranged underground, so that the advantage of lower construction costs for the largest storage bunker 3 in terms of volume is eliminated.

However, the storage bunker can also be built wholly or partially above ground in other embodiments, not shown here.

Fig. 3 shows a further example of a device according to the invention, here in contrast to 10

Fig. 1, the opening between the unloading area 11 and the pre-bunker 2 is designed as a horizontal connecting shaft 15. The other elements correspond to the elements from FIG. 1 and are provided with the same reference symbols and their discussion is therefore omitted here. In this device according to FIG. 3, the waste 16 filled in the unloading area 11 is moved by a stamp-like device over the shaft 15 into the bunker 2. The shaft 15 has on the side of the unloading area a flap 22 which is pivotally arranged via a joint 23 on the top of the shaft 15 and additionally closes the shaft 15. In the shaft 15, the waste forms a compressed waste plug 17, which prevents gases from entering the unloading area 11 from entering the pre-bunker 2, which is under vacuum. As a result, the entire waste bunker 1 is again sealed off from the outside in an odor-tight manner and the inert gas atmosphere of the waste bunker 1 is ensured. As in FIG. 1, the filling opening 12 of the unloading area 11 is filled by the refuse vehicle 19, the refuse vehicle driving forward over the filling opening and tipping the waste backwards through the unloading hatch 12 into the unloading area 11. In the case of the figures 1 to 3 shown embodiments, it is also possible that the garbage truck 19 drives over a scale before unloading, where the total weight of the garbage truck is determined, then the garbage truck travels to the filling opening 12, unloads the garbage there and continues in the forward direction a second scale drives, where the vehicle is now weighed in the unloaded state. However, the garbage truck 19 can also be weighed on a single scale arranged in the unloading position before and after the unloading process in order to determine the unloaded amount of garbage. The vehicle 19 1 1

leaves the entire area in the forward direction. This makes it possible to determine the unloaded amount of waste from the difference between the two weighings after and before the unloading process. Overall, there are short discharge times or the filling opening 12 of the preliminary deposit 11 is used effectively.

Claims

12th

claims

1. A method for unloading and storing heterogeneous waste such as garbage and the like, in garbage bunkers (1) before its removal and possibly subsequent thermal recycling or other processing, characterized in that the waste from the means of transport (19), such as trucks, containers or the like , tipped into an unloading area (11) arranged below a transport line (21), transported with a suitable device (14) m a pre-bunker (2) designed as part of the garbage bunker and then with a crane system (4) installed in the entire garbage bunker (1) is picked up and transported to a storage bunker (3) which is also part of the garbage bunker and from which the waste can be removed for further processing and / or recycling.

2. The method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the waste material in the unloading area (11) is compressed.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material to be disposed of is transported from the unloading area (11) to a pre-bunker (2), the sole of which is arranged lower than the sole of the unloading area (11). 13

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the waste material is pushed through an opening (15) between the unloading area (11) and the pre-bunker (2) m the pre-bunker (2), the waste material possibly being compressed beforehand and is further compressed when moving, so that it is essentially gas impermeable in the opening (15).

5. The method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the waste material between the unloading area (11) and the pre-bunker (2) is pushed in batches through an opening (15) provided with a flap (22, 23).

6. The method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the flap (22, 23) closes automatically after passage of a batch of the disposal material.

1 . Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material to be disposed of is introduced from above into the unloading area (11) designed as a storage space through an opening (12) in the unloading area (11).

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the waste material is introduced through an opening designed as a funnel-shaped shaft (12) in the unloading area (11) in the unloading area (11). 14

Method according to at least one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that the opening (12) in the unloading area (11) is provided with a flap (13) which may be self-closing.

10. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the material to be disposed of is transported by means of transport such as trucks (19) or rail vehicles to an unloading point (18) above the opening (12) in the unloading area (11) , the transport means (19) loaded with the disposal material is weighed, the opening (12) in the unloading area (11) is opened and the transport means (19) is unloaded through this opening (12) and then weighed again and the transport means reaches the unloading point (18) possibly left in the previous direction of travel.

11. The method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that during the unloading of the transport means (19) the unloading area (11) for preventing ^¬ prevention of dust and odors in the area of the opening (12) in the unloading area (11) becomes.

12. The method according to at least one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the disposal material m the garbage bunker (1) and / or m the unloading area (11) m of an atmosphere which is essentially inert to fire hazards is stored under inert gas. 15

13. The method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the inert gas flows through the waste material (6).

14. The method according to any one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure of the inert atmosphere is kept below the atmospheric external pressure.

15. The method according to any one of the three preceding claims, characterized in that nitrogen and / or carbon dioxide is used as the inert gas.

16. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the disposal material (6) from the storage bunker (1), for example for thermal recycling or other processing, is outsourced through locks.

17. Device for storing heterogeneous waste such as gauze and the like with one

Garbage bunker (1) for storing the waste material (6) before its removal and possibly subsequent thermal recycling or other further processing, characterized in that the garbage bunker (1) has a pre-bunker (2) for the intermediate storage of the waste material and a storage bunker (3) for storing the waste material (6) until removal and a means of transport (4) for relocating the waste from the pre-bunker (2) m has the storage bunker (3) and that the pre-bunker (3) has an unloading area (11) in front of it for unloading the waste. 16

Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the transport means (4 is a gripper (4).

19. Device according to one of the two previous

Claims, characterized in that there is a wall (8) between the preliminary bunker (2) and the storage bunker (3).

20. Device according to one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the preliminary hopper (2) is connected to the unloading area (11) via an opening (11).

21. Device according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that the sole of the pre-bunker (2) is arranged lower than the sole of the unloading area (11).

22. Device according to one of claims 17 to 21, characterized in that the unloading area (11) has a displacement and pressure means (14) for moving the waste material from the unloading area (11) into the pre-bunker (2) using such a pressure on the material to be disposed of, that it is essentially gas impermeable in the opening (15).

23. The device according to one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that the unloading area (11 is a space with an overhead filling opening (12;

17

2nd Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the filling opening (12) is designed as a funnel-shaped shaft.

25. Device according to one of the two previous

Claims, characterized in that the filling opening (12) has an optionally self-closing closure means, for example a flap (13).

26. Device according to one of claims 17 to 25, characterized in that the unloading area (11) and / or optionally the funnel-shaped shaft (12) can be suctioned off.

27. Device according to one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that the displacement and pressure means (14) in the unloading area (11) in the direction of the opening (15) to the pre-bunker (2) displaceable stamp (14) .

28. Device according to one of claims 20 to 27, characterized in that the opening (15) between the unloading area (11) and the pre-bunker (2) is designed as a horizontal channel (15).

29. Device according to one of claims 20 to 28, characterized in that the opening (15) between the unloading area (11) and the pre-bunker (2) has an optionally self-closing closure means, for example a flap (22). 18th

30. Device according to one of claims 17 to 29, characterized in that the pre-bunker (2) and / or the storage bunker (3) is filled with an essentially inert atmosphere.

31. The device according to one of claims 17 to 30, characterized in that the unloading area (11) and / or the preliminary bunker (2) are arranged underground and the storage bunker (3) is at least partially above ground.

32. Device according to one of the two preceding

Claims, characterized in that the upper edge of the filling opening (12) of the unloading area (11) or optionally of the pre-bunker (2) is arranged approximately at ground level (20).