KR20020021135A - Method and device for unloading and storing heterogeneous waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for unloading and storing heterogeneous waste, such as waste, in a waste bunker. According to the method of the invention, waste is unloaded from the conveying means 19 into the unloading region 11 located below the conveying route 21. The unloaded rubbish is transported from the unloading area 11 to the pre-bunker 2 by a suitable device 14, whereby the bottom of the pre-bunker is located at a lower level than the bottom of the unloading area 11. The rubbish is then moved by the crane from the pre-bunker 2 to the storage bunker 3 above the ground.

Description

METHODS AND DEVICE FOR UNLOADING AND STORING HETEROGENEOUS WASTE}

Plants where wastes, such as household and special waste, sewage sludge, and industrial waste are heat treated, are equipped with waste bunkers at the inlet to temporarily store and store such large amounts of heterogeneous waste in storage. These types of waste together are referred to herein as "refuses" and represent significant environmental pollution due to various heterogeneous complexes and due to the typical storage of thousands of tons.

Therefore, the conventional waste bunker should have a sufficient size with a constant space for waste inside the waste bunker when unloading the waste from above into the waste bunker. Conventional waste bunkers include large main bunkers, which have their bottoms installed far below the surface of the ground and have filling holes at ground level. Therefore, it is possible to drive the garbage vehicle to the ground level rearward toward this filling hole, to empty the waste into the waste bunker.

In particular, by driving the garbage vehicle to and from the filling hole of the waste bunker, the loading time is long and the transport capacity is lowered. In addition, a discharge cone is formed so that only the entire height and volume of the storage bunker is fully utilized in the area of the filling hole, while the edge of the large volume dropping cone of the waste bunker becomes empty. In order to use the existing storage volume, the waste must then be relocated by means of an installed crane system.

For example, from a corresponding transport vehicle such as a truck or railway wagons, to simplify loading and unloading waste into the waste bunkers, a typical storage bunker is placed below the ground and ground level to the filling hole at the top of the bunker. You can drive the transport vehicle. However, this creates the disadvantage that the entire storage bunker must be designed completely waterproof due to the risk of groundwater contamination. In the case of such large structures, of course, they involve a fairly high cost.

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for loading and storing heterogeneous waste, such as waste, in a waste bunker according to the preambles of claims 1 and 17.

1 shows a device according to the invention.

2 shows another device according to the invention.

3 shows another device according to the invention.

It is an object of the present invention to derive an economical method and apparatus for unloading and storing heterogeneous waste, utilizing the capacity of the storage area in an optimal way.

This object is achieved in connection with their respective characteristic construction by the method according to the preamble of claim 1 and by the device according to claim 17. Advantageous refinements of the method and apparatus according to the invention are cited in the dependent claims.

According to the invention, the waste bunker is divided into a pre-bunker and a storage bunker, and the pre-bunker may be considerably smaller than the storage bunker. Such a storage bunker may be, for example, the main storage area of a waste incineration plant.

Now, the garbage is unloaded from the garbage vehicle into the unloading area located in front of the pre-bunker through a hole located at the rear of the garbage vehicle. From there, the waste is transported into the pre-bunker, for example by ram, and the bottom of the pre-bunker can be installed at a lower level than the bottom of the unloading area. The waste is then transferred directly from the pre-bunker to the storage bunker.

Here, when the garbage vehicle is driven forward above the hole, the garbage is unloaded in the unloading area behind the garbage vehicle, and the garbage vehicle is moved forward by leaving the unloaded hole, so that a high yield is achieved.

Since the waste is transferred directly to the storage bunker, only a small reserve bunker is needed. The transfer of waste further prevents the drop cone in the storage bunker, so that the storage capacity of the storage bunker is fully utilized.

The waste is pushed out of the unloading zone and through the hole into the pre-bunker, with the advantage that the waste is compressed to form a substantially gas-tight plug in the hole between the unloading area and the pre-bunker.

The pre-bunker and the storage bunker are advantageously maintained under inert gas air and under negative pressure through this plug, so that negative pressure is applied to prevent the ingress of outside air into the pre-bunker and the storage tank.

In addition, volume reduction of the waste is already achieved through compression, so that the capacity of the storage bunker is utilized in an optimal way. A flap can be provided in the hole between the unloading area and the pre-bunker, after which the waste is pushed into the pre-bunker batches from the unloading area, for example by a ram. The flap may be attached to each of the upper or lower edges of the hole so as to be rotatable, for example as a hanging flap or a standing flap. This flap is advantageously disposed above the hole on the side of the unloading area. The hole is advantageously constructed as a horizontal shaft in which the waste is compressed and sealed in the manner of a plug by the compressed waste.

To prevent odor discomfort in the outer zone, the unloading zone may itself have a charging hole, which may be configured as a funnel shaft or an automatic forming funnel shaft after opening. A self-closing flap. Also, the unloading area can be constantly discharged to the area of the filling hole by suction so that no dust or odor can penetrate into the outer area.

Advantageously, by separating waste bunkers into pre-bunkers and storage bunkers, and by installing additional unloading areas, it is only necessary that the pre-bunker and possible unloading areas be arranged below the ground, after which each filling hole is grounded. Located at a height. In this way, the loading of the transport vehicle being driven can be carried out at ground level. On its own, a storage bunker that serves to actually store waste and can be separated from the pre-bunker by partitions, part of which can be placed on the ground, and the crane from the pre-bunker while waste is transported. Lift garbage into storage bunkers. This has the advantage that the loading of the arriving vehicle can be carried out at ground level as described above), but the largest part of the waste bunker in volume, ie the storage bunker, can be added above the ground. Thus, the storage bunker itself is constructed so that the groundwater is completely waterproof so that there is no risk of the ground around the storage bunker being contaminated by leaks, for example, through infiltration and external flow of groundwater. Therefore, in the construction of such waste bunkers, as in the conventional waste bunkers, only the pre-bunker or each unloading area is disposed below the ground and correspondingly sealed, thus enormous costs are saved.

Advantageously, a conveying means such as a truck or a railroad car is driven over the closed unloading hatch of the unloading area up to the unloading point, on which the conveying means carrying the rubbish is metered, after which the unloading hatch is opened to unload the rubbish into the hole. After the loading hatch is closed, the unloaded transport means is weighed again. Thus, the amount of unloaded garbage is accurately measured. In particular, the conveying means are driven forward from the unloading area after being unloaded by driving forward over the unloading area, thereby obtaining a constant semi-continuous unloading operation. Thus, shunting disappears.

Some advantageous examples of the method and apparatus according to the invention are described below.

FIG. 2 shows a waste bunker 1 according to the invention for filling a waste incineration plant which has been separated into two parts, the preliminary bunker 2 and the storage bunker 3, after storing the waste. The preliminary bunker 2 and the storage bunker 3 are separated from each other by a wall 8. The waste bunker 1 is further provided with a crane 4 for transferring the waste 5 from the preliminary bunker 2 to the storage bunker 3. By this crane being able to move between the top edge of the wall 8 and the bunker ceiling, the rubbish pile surface of the storage bunker 3 has a wall (without the formation of any discharge cones or dead areas). Can be used completely up to the maximum height of 8).

Next to the preliminary bunker 2 is a loading area 11 with a loading hatch or filling aperture on the upper side. This filling hole 12 may be closed by flaps 13, and the flap 13 of the present invention forms a funnel hole in the open state as shown in FIG. The base of the unloading region 11 and the preliminary bunker 2 is installed below the ground and the upper edge of the filling hole 12 is located slightly below ground level or ground level. Thus, as shown in FIG. 1A, the garbage vehicle 19 (shown rearward here) can be driven to the unloading point 18 above the ground, and can pour waste directly into the filling hole 12. The rubbish is then placed on the base of the unloading region 11 and pushed from the unloading region 11 through the hole 15 into the preliminary bunker 2 by the ram-shaped press 14. There it is received by the grab 4 and transported into the storage bunker 3.

In contrast to the unloading area 11 and the preliminary bunker 2, the base of the storage bunker 3 is designed to the ground level and thus contacts the ground through its base. For this reason, except for the foundation, all the walls of the storage bunker 3 can be constructed in a conventional manner and do not need to be further sealed against rising groundwater or leaks. Thus, significant cost savings occur when compared to conventional underground garbage bunkers, in which lamps must be constructed on the roof of the garbage bunkers and must be configured to be able to be driven from above to fill the garbage bunkers from above, Significantly simple filling occurs compared to conventional waste bunkers.

1B shows a top view of the unloading point 18. The road 21 extends above the loading hatch 12 of the unloading area 1. The vehicle 19a is shown in the unloading position, where the vehicle 19a is weighed and unloaded into the loading hatch 12 after the closing flap 13 is opened. The other vehicle 19b is in a waiting state for processing.

Figure 2 shows another example of a device according to the invention, in which the same components as in Figure 1 are designated by the same reference numerals. However, in contrast to FIG. 1, a hole is located between the unloading region 11 and the preliminary bunker 2 and is configured as a horizontal shaft 15 for pushing the waste 16 from the unloading region into the preliminary bunker 2. . In this shafted hole 15, the rubbish 16 is compressed by the ram 14 to form a substantially airtight plug between the preliminary bunker 2 and the unloading region 11. By this method, gas can be prevented from penetrating into the storage bunker 1 through the unloading region 11 and the hole 12. When only a small amount of rubbish is stored in the unloading zone 11 and the reserve bunker 2, it is stored in the reserve bunker 2 or via the press 14 or the crane 4 for medium or long term storage. Since the waste is immediately transported into), the unloading area 11 and the reserve bunker 2 have a relatively small volume. The storage bunker 3 is shown correspondingly to the scale of FIG. 2 but is quite small in proportion to the unloading region 11 and the reserve bunker 2.

In the present embodiment, the unloading zone 11 and the preliminary bunker 2 and the storage bunker 3 are operated by the negative atmospheric pressure since there is no harmful effect due to the odor in the outer zone. The unloading region 11 further has two flaps 13 and closes the filling hole 12 when there is no waste and the interior is empty. Through negative pressure, the generation of any gas through the filling hole 12 is extracted by suction, and the development of any odor flowing outward is prevented.

In contrast to FIG. 1, in this case a storage bunker 3 is installed below the ground, where the advantage of low construction costs for the largest storage bunker 3 is lost.

However, in other embodiments not shown herein, the storage bunker may be built completely or partially over the ground.

3 shows another example according to the invention, in comparison with FIG. 1, the hole between the loading area 11 and the preliminary bunker 2 is configured as a horizontal connecting shaft 15. The other components are identical to those of FIG. 1 and are therefore not referred to here as denoted by the same reference numerals. In the present device according to FIG. 3, the rubbish 16 is emptied in the unloading area 11 and is pushed into the reserve bunker 2 via the shaft 15 by the ram-shaped device. This shaft 15 has a flap 22 on the side of the unloading area, which flap 22 is pivotally disposed on the top surface of the shaft 15 by a joint 23 and also the shaft 15. To close. In the shaft 15, the rubbish forms a rubbish 17 of a compressed plug which prevents gas from penetrating into the reserve bunker 2 under negative pressure from the loading area. In this way, the entire garbage bunker 1 is in turn sealed off against the outside, and the inert gas air of the garbage bunker 1 is obtained. As shown in FIG. 1, the garbage vehicle is driven forward over the filling hole, pouring waste backward into the loading area 11 through the loading hatch 12, and the filling hole 12 of the loading area 11 is disposed of the garbage. It is filled by the vehicle. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, before unloading, the garbage vehicle 19 is driven over a weighing apparatus in which the total weight of the garbage vehicle 19 is determined, and then into the filling hole 12. The garbage vehicle is driven and unloaded there, and the garbage vehicle is driven again forwards over the second metering device, where the vehicle in the unloaded state is weighed. However, weighing the garbage vehicle 19 can be carried out on one weighing device, which is disposed at each unloading position before and after the unloading process to measure the amount of unloaded waste. The vehicle 19 leaves the entire area forward again. By this method, the amount of unloaded waste can be determined from the difference between the two metered amounts before and after the unloading process. At the same time, the unloading time is shortened, or the filling holes 12 of the preliminary loading region 11 are each effectively used.

Claims (32)

In the method of unloading and storing the waste in the waste bunker 1 before the removal of the heterogeneous waste such as waste and the like and subsequent heat recovery or other further processes, The waste is poured from the transport means 19, such as trucks or containers, into the unloading region 11 installed below the transport route 21, and is configured as part of the waste bunker 1 by means of a suitable conveying device. After being transported in a bunker 2, it is received by a crane system installed in the whole waste bunker 1 and carried into a storage bunker 3 configured as part of the waste bunker 1, The waste can be removed from the storage bunker (3) for further processing and / or recycling. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the waste is compressed in the loading zone. 3. The waste according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the waste is conveyed from the unloading zone (11) into the pre-bunker (2), the bottom of the pre-bunker (2) being lower than the bottom of the unloading zone (11). And at a low height. 4. The waste according to claim 1, wherein the waste is pushed into the pre-bunker 2 through a hole between the loading area 11 and the pre-bunker 2, wherein the waste is possible. Characterized in that it is precompressed and pushed and compacted so as to be substantially gas impermeable in said aperture. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the waste is pushed batchwise between the unloading area (11) and the pre-bunker (2) through a hole (15) provided with a flap (22, 23). Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flap (22, 23) is automatically closed after the waste batch has passed. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the waste is led from the top through the opening (12) in the loading zone (11) into the loading zone (11) configured as a storage compartment. . 8. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the waste is led into the loading area (11) through a hole (12) in the loading area (11) configured as a funnel shaft. 9. Method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the holes (12) in the loading area (11) are provided with possible self closing flaps (13). 8. The unloading point (18) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the waste is transported above the hole (12) to the unloading area (11) by means of transport such as a truck (19) or a railroad vehicle. Conveying means, the conveying means 19 loaded with the waste are metered, the hole 12 in the loading area 11 is opened and the waste into the hole 12 in the conveying means 19 After being unloaded, the conveying means (19) are metered once more, characterized in that the conveying means (19) leave the unloading point (18) in the possible direction of movement. The load area (11) is introduced by suction so that any dirt or odor in the area of the hole (12) in the load area (11) is unloaded. The development is also prevented. 10. The waste according to claim 2, wherein the waste is stored in the waste bunker 1 under inert gas and / or in the unloading region 11 in a substantially inert atmosphere. A method characterized by preventing danger. 13. Process according to claim 12, characterized in that the inert gas flows through the waste (6). 14. A method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the pressure of said inert atmosphere is maintained below external atmospheric pressure. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein nitrogen and / or carbon dioxide are used as the inert gas. 16. The waste (6) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the waste (6) is discharged through sluses from the storage bunker (1), for example for heat recovery or other further processing. How to. In a device having a waste bunker (1) for storing the waste (6) before removing the heterogeneous waste (6), such as trash, and subsequently performing heat recovery or other further processing, The waste bunker 1 comprises a pre-bunker 2 for intermediate storage of the waste, a storage bunker 3 for storing the waste until the waste is removed, and the pre-bunker 2 Characterized in that it has a conveying means (2) for conveying said waste from said waste into said storage bunker (3), and that said unloading region (11) is arranged in front of said pre-bunker (2) for unloading said waste. Device. 18. Device according to claim 17, characterized in that the conveying means (4) is a grab (4). Device according to one of the claims 17 or 18, characterized in that a wall (8) is provided between the pre-bunker (2) and the storage bunker (3). 20. The device according to claim 17, wherein the pre-bunker is connected to the loading area through a hole. The device according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that the bottom of the pre-bunker (2) is arranged at a lower level than the bottom of the unloading area (11). 22. The unloading zone (11) according to any one of claims 17 to 21, wherein the unloading zone (11) is adapted to move and pressure means (14) for moving the waste from the unloading zone (11) into the pre-bunker (2). And the moving and pressure means (14) act on the waste at a pressure such that substantially no gas can penetrate the aperture (15). 23. The device according to any one of claims 20 to 22, wherein the unloading area (11) is a space with a filling hole (12) at the top. 24. The device according to claim 23, wherein said filling hole (12) is configured as a funnel shaft. 25. The device according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the filling hole (12) is provided with possible auto-closing means, such as for example a flap (13). 26. The device according to any one of claims 17 to 25, characterized in that the loading area (11) and / or the funnel shaped shaft (12) can be introduced by suction. 27. The ram according to any one of claims 22 to 26, wherein the movement and pressure means (14) is movable in the loading area (11) in the direction of the hole (5) towards the pre-bunker (2). (14) The apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. 28. The device according to any one of claims 20 to 27, characterized in that the hole (15) between the loading area (11) and the pre-bunker (2) is configured as a horizontal channel (15). . 29. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 28, wherein the aperture (15) between the unloading region (11) and the pre-bunker (2) is provided with possible auto-closing means, such as for example a flap (22). Device characterized in that. 30. The device according to one of claims 17 to 29, characterized in that the pre-bunker (2) and / or the storage bunker (3) is substantially filled with inert air. 31. The loading area (11) and / or the pre-bunker (2) is arranged below the ground, and the storage bunker (3) is at least partly said ground. The device is disposed above. 32. The upper edge of the filling hole 12 of the loading area 11 or possibly of the pre-bunker 2 is arranged at approximately ground height 20 according to claim 17. Device characterized in that.