WO2000075104A1 - NOUVEAU PROCEDE DE PREPARATION D'α-AMINONITRILES OPTIQUEMENT ACTIFS - Google Patents
NOUVEAU PROCEDE DE PREPARATION D'α-AMINONITRILES OPTIQUEMENT ACTIFS Download PDFInfo
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- WO2000075104A1 WO2000075104A1 PCT/FR2000/001597 FR0001597W WO0075104A1 WO 2000075104 A1 WO2000075104 A1 WO 2000075104A1 FR 0001597 W FR0001597 W FR 0001597W WO 0075104 A1 WO0075104 A1 WO 0075104A1
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- 0 *C(C#N)(N*)I Chemical compound *C(C#N)(N*)I 0.000 description 1
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- C07C231/16—Preparation of optical isomers
- C07C231/18—Preparation of optical isomers by stereospecific synthesis
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C07C255/01—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C255/24—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing cyano groups and singly-bound nitrogen atoms, not being further bound to other hetero atoms, bound to the same saturated acyclic carbon skeleton
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- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/22—Organic complexes
- B01J31/2204—Organic complexes the ligands containing oxygen or sulfur as complexing atoms
- B01J31/2208—Oxygen, e.g. acetylacetonates
- B01J31/2226—Anionic ligands, i.e. the overall ligand carries at least one formal negative charge
- B01J31/223—At least two oxygen atoms present in one at least bidentate or bridging ligand
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- B01J31/22—Organic complexes
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- C07C227/30—Preparation of optical isomers
- C07C227/32—Preparation of optical isomers by stereospecific synthesis
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- C07D317/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D317/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3
- C07D317/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 not condensed with other rings
- C07D317/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 not condensed with other rings with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D317/18—Radicals substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D317/20—Free hydroxyl or mercaptan
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- B01J2231/30—Addition reactions at carbon centres, i.e. to either C-C or C-X multiple bonds
- B01J2231/32—Addition reactions to C=C or C-C triple bonds
- B01J2231/322—Hydrocyanation
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- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/02—Compositional aspects of complexes used, e.g. polynuclearity
- B01J2531/0213—Complexes without C-metal linkages
- B01J2531/0216—Bi- or polynuclear complexes, i.e. comprising two or more metal coordination centres, without metal-metal bonds, e.g. Cp(Lx)Zr-imidazole-Zr(Lx)Cp
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- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/30—Complexes comprising metals of Group III (IIIA or IIIB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/31—Aluminium
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- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/30—Complexes comprising metals of Group III (IIIA or IIIB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/32—Gallium
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- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/30—Complexes comprising metals of Group III (IIIA or IIIB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/35—Scandium
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- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/30—Complexes comprising metals of Group III (IIIA or IIIB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/38—Lanthanides other than lanthanum
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- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/40—Complexes comprising metals of Group IV (IVA or IVB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/46—Titanium
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- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/40—Complexes comprising metals of Group IV (IVA or IVB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/48—Zirconium
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- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/40—Complexes comprising metals of Group IV (IVA or IVB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/49—Hafnium
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- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/84—Metals of the iron group
- B01J2531/842—Iron
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new process for the preparation of optically active ⁇ -aminonitriles by enantioselective hydrocyanation of imines and the use of the optically active ⁇ -aminonitriles thus obtained as intermediates for the synthesis of optically active organic compounds.
- ⁇ -amino acids have an asymmetry center. Whether used as such or as intermediates for the synthesis of more complex organic compounds, it is very often essential to obtain these ⁇ -amino acids (and therefore their ⁇ -aminonitrile precursors) in non-racemic form.
- Industrial processes - industrial processes mean any preparation process other than laboratory preparations - preparation of optically active ⁇ -amino acids or ⁇ -aminonitriles therefore require enantioselective syntheses, that is to say syntheses leading only to the desired enantiomer and this with high enantiomeric purity.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a process for the preparation of optically active ⁇ -aminonitriles by enantioselective hydrocyanation of imines allowing access to optically active ⁇ -amino acids and not having the drawbacks mentioned above.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a process for the preparation of optically active ⁇ -aminonitriles by enantioselective hydrocyanation of imines and more particularly of ketimines.
- the present invention consists of a new process for the preparation of optically active ⁇ -aminonitriles by enantioselective hydrocyanation of ketimines, characterized in that a ketimine is brought into contact with a hydrocyanation agent in the presence of a metal complex acting as catalyst.
- the catalyst can be of the monometallic type, that is to say comprising only one metal ion per mole of catalyst, or of the bimetallic type, that is to say comprising two metal ions per mole of catalyst.
- ⁇ -amino acid includes not only acids but also ester and amide derivatives of these acids.
- optically active ⁇ -amino acids thus obtained can serve as synthesis intermediates in the preparation of chiral active materials useful in particular in therapy or in agriculture.
- these optically active ⁇ -amino acids can be used as intermediates in the preparation of certain 2-imidazoline-5-ones and 2-imidazoline-5-thiones fungicides described in patent EP-A-0 629 616.
- the present invention relates to a new process for the preparation of optically active ⁇ -aminonitriles of formula (I):
- R, and R 2 are different and are chosen from:
- alkyl or haloalkyl radical containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms in a linear or branched chain
- alkenyl or alkynyl radical containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms in straight or branched chain
- arylalkyl an arylalkyl, aryloxyalkyl, arylthioalkyl or arylsulfonylalkyl radical, the terms aryl and alkyl having the definitions given above; or
- R 2 may form, with the carbon to which they are bonded on the ring, a carbocycle or a heterocycle comprising from 5 to 7 atoms, these rings being able to be fused with a phenyl, optionally substituted by 1 to 3 groups chosen from R ⁇ ;
- R. 5 represents a radical chosen from:
- an amino radical optionally mono or disubstituted by an alkyl or acyl radical containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or alkoxycarbonyl containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms;
- R 7 represents a radical chosen from: - a halogen atom chosen from fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine;
- alkyl radical linear or branched, containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- alkoxy or alkylthio radical linear or branched, containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- haloalkoxy or haloalkylthio radical linear or branched, containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; - a nitrile radical;
- T represents a leaving group, chosen from:
- an alkyl radical linear or branched, containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- - an aryl radical such as phenyl or naphthyl, or arylalkyl, such as benzyl, phenethyl or phenylpropyl optionally substituted.
- the ketimines of formula (II) are such that: - R, represents an aryl radical, optionally substituted with 1 to 3 groups
- R 2 represents an alkyl or haloalkyl radical containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms in a linear or branched chain
- - T represents an alkyl radical, particularly tertiary, such as for example the tert-butyl or 1,1,2,2-tetramethylethyl radical, or the phenyl radical, in particular substituted by electron-attracting groups, or the benzyl, di- or tri-phenylmethyl, 4-methoxybenzyl, or 2,4-methoxybenzyl.
- the ketimines of formula (II) are such that:
- R represents a phenyl radical, optionally substituted by a group Rg as defined above;
- R 2 represents an alkyl radical chosen from methyl, ethyl, linear or branched propyl, linear or branched butyl, linear or branched pentyl and linear or branched hexyl;
- T represents an alkyl, phenyl or benzyl radical, optionally substituted.
- T represents very preferably the benzyl radical.
- the asterisk (*) carried by the asymmetric carbon in formula (I) means that the aminonitrile is optically active, that is to say that the aminonitrile is substantially of S or R configuration.
- the method according to the invention allows to obtain substantially optically active ⁇ -aminonitriles.
- substantially optically active ⁇ -aminonitriles is meant aminonitriles having a rotational power substantially different from zero, that is to say one of whose enantiomers, R or S, is present in an amount substantially greater than the other enantiomer, S or R.
- substantially greater quantity means that the enantiomeric excess of the enantiomer considered is greater than 30%, more particularly greater than 50%.
- enantiomeric excess means the ratio of the excess of the desired enantiomer to the unwanted enantiomer. This ratio is calculated according to one of the following equations:
- the method according to the invention is characterized in that one carries out a hydrocyanation, using a hydrocyanation agent, a ketimine of formula (II) as defined above.
- the hydrocyanating agent is an organic compound capable of liberating cyanide ions CN " .
- organic compounds are known to the specialist in organic synthesis and are for example hydrocyanic acid, cyanide of tributyltin, acyl cyanides, for example pyruvonitrile, trimethylsilyl cyanide, alkali or alkaline earth metal cyanides, metallic cyanides, such as zinc cyanide, cyanohydrins, in particular acetone cyanhydrin, and silylated cyanohydrins, for example trialkylsilyloxy-cyano-alkanes.
- the cyanide ions are supplied in the form of hydrocyanic acid, tributyltin cyanide or trimethylsilyl cyanide, more preferably in the form of hydrocyanic acid or cyanide trimethylsilyl.
- chiral catalyst is meant a compound having at least one chiral atom and / or at least one chiral center and / or at least one plane of chirality and / or at least one axis of chirality.
- chirality-inducing catalyst is intended to mean a compound which is not chiral per se, but which induces, by the steric hindrance of its substituents, a chirality in the reaction product.
- the chiral metal catalysts or chirality inducers used in the process of the present invention are either of the monometallic type of formula (MI), or of the bimetallic type of formula (M2):
- the metals “Metal,” and “Metal 2 ” are identical or different and are chosen from the cations of alkali metals, the cations of alkaline earth metals, the cations of transition metals, that is to say - to say the cations of the elements of classes lb to 8b of the periodic classification of Mendelecommunicationev, including the lanthanides and the actinides, and the cations of the elements of class 8 of the periodic classification of Mendakiev;
- the ligands L 1 and L 2 are identical or different and are chosen from halides, that is to say fluoride, chloride, bromide or iodide, linear or branched alkoxy radicals containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms in chain straight or branched, linear or branched perfluoro-alkoxy radicals containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms in a straight or branched chain, ethers having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms in a straight or branched chain, a cyanide, a cyclopentadienyl or metallocenyl radical , in particular ferrocenyl, the amines such as for example alkylamines, dialkylamines, trialkylamines, tetraalkylalkylenediamines, but also cyclic amines, aromatic amines, such as pyridine, phosphines, alcoholates, thiolates, all of these radicals possibly being substituted, and the compounds of formula
- X is chosen from the oxygen atom, the sulfur atom, a linear or branched alkoxy radical containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and a linear or branched allyloxy radical containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms;
- R is chosen from a linear or branched alkyl radical containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a phenyl radical, a trifluoromethyl radical, a naphthyl radical, a halogen atom chosen from fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine, the nitro radical , a linear or branched alkoxy radical containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and a linear or branched allyl, or allyloxy radical containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms;
- R 8 and R are chosen from a linear or branched alkyl radical containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a phenyl radical and a naphthyl radical, each of these radicals being able to be substituted by one or more radicals R defined ci -above ; and
- z represents 0, 1 or 2, it being understood that when z is equal to 2, the two radicals R defined above are identical or different; and ni and n2 are the same or different and represent zero or an integer, so that the sum nl + n2 is strictly greater than zero and less than or equal to the valence of Metal ,, in the case of monometallic complexes, or to the sum of the valences of Metal, and Metal 2 , in the case of bimetallic complexes.
- a particularly preferred TADDOL for the process according to the present invention is the ligand of formula (iii) in which R 8 represents the methyl radical and R represents the phenyl radical.
- L 1 is BINOL or a TADDOL
- Metal 1 is aluminum 111 , zirconium TM or titanium IV ;
- L 2 is a halide, an alkoxy radical, a cyclopentadienyl radical, a cyanide, a ligand of formula (i) or a ligand of formula (ii) as defined above, diethyl ether, dimethoxyethane, a trialkylamine, tetramethylethylenediamine, pyridine or a phosphine; and,
- nl + n2 represents an integer strictly greater than zero and less than or equal to the valence of Metal 1 .
- the complexes of formula (M2) are preferred which have one or more of the following characteristics taken individually or in combination:
- L 1 is a ligand of formula (i) or a ligand of formula (ii);
- Metal 1 is aluminum 111 , scandium 111 , iron 111 , ytterbium 1 ", germanium 111 , gallium 111 , zirconium TM or titanium” 1 ;
- Metal 2 is an alkali metal, magnesium or copper
- L 2 is a ligand of formula (i) or a ligand of formula (ii);
- nl + n2 represents an integer strictly greater than zero and less than or equal to the sum of the valences of Metal 1 and Metal 2 .
- the chiral monometallic catalysts or chirality inducers which can be used in the context of are those for which:
- L 1 is a TADDOL
- Metal 1 is zirconium IV or titanium IV ;
- L 2 is a chloride, the isopropoxy radical, the cyclopentadienyl radical, a cyanide, BINOL or an optionally substituted 2,2'-diphenol;
- ni is equal to 1 and n2 is equal to 2. or else • L 1 is BINOL;
- Metal 1 is aluminum 111 or titanium IV ;
- L 2 is a chloride, the isopropoxy radical, a cyanide, BINOL or a 2,2'-diphenol optionally substituted in positions 3, 3 ', 5 and / or 5', a 2,2'-diphenylmercaptan optionally substituted , 3,3'-dithio-2,2'-binaphthyl, 2,2'-dimethoxybiphenyl, 3,3'-dimethoxy-2,2'-binaphtyle 2,2'-diallyloxybiphenyl, diethyl ether, dimethoxyethane, tetramethylethylenediamine or pyridine; and
- ni is equal to 1 and n2 is equal to 3.
- the chiral bimetallic catalysts or chirality inducers which can be used in the context of are those for which:
- L 1 is BINOL or 3,3'-dithio-2,2'-binaphtyle;
- Metal 1 is aluminum 111 , scandium 111 , iron 111 , ytterbium 111 , gallium 111 or titanium 111 ;
- Metal 2 is lithium, magnesium or copper
- L 2 is BINOL, 3,3'-dithio-2,2'-binaphthyle or a 2,2'-diphenol optionally substituted in positions 3, 3 ', 5 and / or 5';
- nl + n2 represents an integer strictly greater than zero and less than or equal to the sum of the valences of Metal 1 and Metal 2 .
- the chiral catalysts or chirality inducers which can be used for the hydrocyanation of ketimines according to the process of the present invention include Ti (TADOL) Cl 2 , Ti (BINOL) (OiPr) 2 , Ti (BINOL) (OiPr) 2 (BiphenolH 2 ),
- AlLi (BINOL) (3,5,3 ', 5'-tetra-ter-butyl-2,2'-biphenol), AlH (BINOL) 2 , AlCu (BINOL) 2 , AlMgBr (BINOL) 2 , FeLi (BINOL) 2 , TiLi (BINOL) 2 , GeLi (BINOL) 2 , YLi (BINOL) 2 , and ScLi (BINOL) 2 .
- the chiral metal catalysts or chirality inducers useful for the process of the present invention can be prepared ex-situ, that is to say be the subject of a proper synthesis, then be brought into contact with the ketimine; or the metal catalysts can be prepared in situ, that is to say without being isolated before participating in the hydrocyanation reaction of the ketimine, according to the present invention.
- the hydrocyanation reaction of ketimine with the chiral metal catalysts or chirality inducers defined above is carried out in any solvent suitable for this type of reaction, for example in a organic solvent or in a mixture of organic solvents.
- organic solvent preferably means aprotic solvents, such as, for example, alkanes, in particular cyclohexane, benzene, toluene or xylenes, diethyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, di-isopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and / or halogenated solvents, for example chlorinated, such as dichloromethane.
- toluene or dichloromethane will preferably be chosen.
- the hydrocyanation reaction of ketimines is generally carried out at low temperature, for example between -110 ° C and 30 ° C, preferably between -80 ° C and 20 ° C, more preferably between -60 ° C and 0 ° C, for example between -40 ° C and -20 ° C. It is understood that the temperature ranges given above are non-limiting.
- the reaction temperature is a function of the type of ketimine, hydrocyanating agent, and solvent which are used in the reaction and will therefore be appropriately chosen by the specialist in organic synthesis.
- reaction times are linked to the very nature of the ketimines, hydrocyanating agents, catalysts and solvents used.
- the duration of the reaction will depend on the degree of progress of the reaction, measured by any conventional method known to those skilled in the art, such as for example chromatography, on a thin layer, in the liquid or gas phase, etc., by spectroscopy, NMR, mass or infrared, etc.
- the reaction time will be between 10 minutes and two days, preferably between 10 minutes and 24 hours, more preferably between 20 minutes and 7 hours.
- the examples which follow in the description will give the specialist in organic synthesis orders of magnitude of the reaction times.
- the process for preparing ⁇ -aminonitriles of formula (I) as defined above comprises the steps of: a) ex-situ or in-situ preparation of the metal complex according to methods known per se, and described for example in Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 37 (22), (1998), 3186-8 in an appropriate solvent, for example toluene or dichloromethane, at ambient temperature, for a period varying from a few minutes to a few hours, for example varying from 10 minutes to one o'clock ; b) adding the hydrocyanation agent; c) addition of the ketimine of formula (II).
- the optically active ⁇ -aminonitrile of formula (I) expected is isolated from the reaction medium according to conventional techniques used in this field, such as neutralization, washing (s), recrystallization (s ), distillation (s), drying (s), etc.
- neutralization washing (s), recrystallization (s ), distillation (s), drying (s), etc.
- s recrystallization
- s distillation
- drying drying
- One or more of these techniques can be carried out simultaneously or consecutively, under operating conditions known to those skilled in the art who will be able to choose the appropriate reagents and reaction conditions that are adapted to each case.
- steps b) and c) can be carried out simultaneously or separately, step c) can also precede step b).
- optically active ⁇ -aminonitriles of formula (I) thus obtained can easily be converted into ⁇ -amino acids of formula (AA), ⁇ -aminoesters of formula (AE), or ⁇ -aminoamides of formula (AD) which are optically active.
- ⁇ -amino acids of formula (AA) for example, ⁇ -amino acids of formula (AA):
- RI and R2 are as defined above for formula (I) or (II), by elimination of the leaving group T as defined above for formula (I) or (II), and hydrolysis of the nitrile to the acid of formula (AA), ester (AE) or amide (AD).
- T represents an alkyl radical
- T represents a phenyl radical, optionally substituted, it is easily eliminated, for example in basic medium.
- T represents a benzyl, di- or tri-phenylmethyl, 4-methoxybenzyl, or 2,4-methoxybenzyl radical
- T is easily removable, for example under oxidizing conditions.
- the leaving group T is the N-benzyl group, this can be eliminated by hydrogenolysis on a palladium on carbon catalyst, at 20 ° C., under a hydrogen atmosphere, in an acid medium.
- reaction for eliminating the leaving group T can also advantageously be carried out after the nitrile function has been converted to the acid, ester or amide function.
- optically active ⁇ -amino acids of formula (AA) defined above find a particularly interesting application as synthetic intermediates in the development of chiral active materials useful in particular in therapy or in agriculture.
- optically active ⁇ -amino acids of formula (AA) can be used as intermediates in the preparation of certain 2-imidazoline-5-ones and 2-imidazoline-5-thiones fungicides described in patent EP-A-0 629 616 of formula (A):
- M represents an oxygen or sulfur atom, or a CH-2 radical, optionally halogen
- R 3 represents: - a hydrogen or a C, -C 2 alkyl radical optionally halogen, when p equals 0 or (M) p is a CH 2 radical,
- R 4 represents: - the hydrogen atom, or
- alkoxyalkyl an alkoxyalkyl, alkylthioalkyl, haloalkyl, cyanoalkyl, thiocyanatoalkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl radical containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or
- dialkylaminoalkyl alkoxycarbonylalkyl, or N-alkylcarbamoylalkyl radical containing from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, or
- an aryl radical comprising phenyl, naphthyl, thienyl, furyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, benzothienyl, benzofuryl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, or methylene dioxyphenyl, optionally substituted by 1 to 3 groups chosen from R -,;, or
- arylalkyl an arylalkyl, aryloxyalkyl, arylthioalkyl or arylsulfonylalkyl radical, the terms aryl and alkyl having the definitions given above;
- alkoxyalkyl an alkoxyalkyl, alkylthioakyl, acyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloacyl, alkoxycarbonyl, haloalkoxycarbonyl, alkoxyalkylsulfonyl radical, cyanoalkylsulfonyl containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms or
- alkoxyalkoxycarbonyl alkylthioalkoxycarbonyl, cyanoalkoxycarbonyl radical containing from 3 to 6 carbon atoms or,
- arylalkylcarbonyl in particular phenylacetyl and phenylpropionyl
- arylcarbonyl in particular benzoyl, optionally substituted with 1 to 3 groups among Rg, thienylcarbonyl, furylcarbonyl, pyridylcarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, furfuryloxycarbonyl, tetrahydrofurfuryloxycarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, carboxyoxycarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, phenylcarbony
- R ⁇ alkylthiolcarbonyl, haloalkylthiolcarbonyl, alkoxyalkylthiolcarbonyl, cyanoalkylthiolcarbonyl, benzylthiolcarbonyl, furfurylthiolcarbonyl, tetrahydrofurfurylthiolcarbonyl, thienylmethylthiolcarbonyl or pyridyl
- alkyl or haloalkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms a cycloalkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group containing from 3 to 6 carbon atoms,
- - a phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 ⁇ group
- - a sulfamoyl group optionally mono or disubstituted by:
- alkylthioalkylsulfonyl group containing from 3 to 8 carbon atoms or cycloalkylsulfonyl containing from 3 to 7 carbon atoms;
- R 4 and R 5 taken together can also form with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached a pyrrolidino, piperidino, morpholino or piperazino group optionally substituted by an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- R- 6 represents:
- an amino radical optionally mono or disubstituted by an alkyl or acyl radical containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or alkoxycarbonyl containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms,
- phenyl, phenoxy or pyridyloxy radical these radicals being optionally substituted with 1 to 3 groups, identical or different, chosen from R 7 ,
- halogen atom chosen from fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine or,
- haloalkoxy or haloalkylthio radical containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or,
- R I0 represents a hydroxy, alkoxy radical containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, benzyloxy, an amino, alkylamino or dialkylamino radical, an alkylamino radical containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- Y represents a leaving group such as a halogen atom, chosen from chlorine, bromine and iodine, or a sulphate radical, or alkylsulfonyloxy or arylsulfonyloxy.
- Step (1) relates to the process of the present invention and is exemplified in the remainder of this description;
- N BuLi (0.4 ml, 1.5M in hexane) is added to a solution of BINOL (29 mg, 0.1 mmol) in E-2O at 0 ° C. After 0.5 h at room temperature a solution of MCI3 (0.5 mmol) in THF (4 ml) is added and the mixture is heated at reflux overnight. After allowing the reaction medium to return to room temperature, toluene (15 ml) is added and the solvent evaporated. The addition of toluene is repeated and the solvent still evaporated in order to obtain a catalyst which contains a minimum of polar solvent. Toluene (5 ml) is added and the catalyst is ready for use.
- a solution of TiCl2 (OiPr) 2 is prepared in dichloromethane by equimolecular mixture of TiCl-4 and Ti (OiPr) 4. This solution (1 ml; 0.1 M) is added to 4S, 5S-TADDOL (47 mg, 0.1 mmol) in dichloromethane (1 ml). The mixture is left to react at room temperature for 1 h. The mixture is cooled in a bath to -40 ° C and N-benzyl-methyl-phenylimine (210 mg, 1 mmol) is added to give a darker orange solution to which TMSCN (0.26 ml, 2 mmol) is added.
- Titanium tetraisopropoxide (0.5 ml of a 0.1 M solution in toluene) is added to a solution of BINOL (14 mg, 0.05 mmol) in toluene (4.5 ml) and the reaction mixture is stirred for 20 min at room temperature. The solution is cooled to -20 ° C before the addition of TMSCN (0.13 ml) and then N-benzyl-methylphenylimine (105 mg, 0.5 mmol). After 1 hour at -20 ° C, the medium is hydrolyzed with NaHC03. The conversion is 80%, the enantiomeric excess of 20%
- Example 4 TifBINOLyOiPr ⁇ CBiphenolH? : Titanium tetraisopropoxide (0.5 ml of a 0.1M solution in toluene) is added to a solution of BINOL (14 mg, 0.05 mmol) in toluene (4.5 ml) and the reaction mixture is stirred for 20 min at room temperature. Then 3.3 ', 5.5'-tetra-ter-butylbiphenol (0.05 mmol) is added and the solution becomes red. The solution is immediately cooled to -20 ° C. before the addition of TMSCN (0.13 ml) and then that of N-benzyl-methyl-phenylimine (105 mg, 0.5 mmol). After 1 hour, the medium is hydrolyzed with NaHC ⁇ 3. After usual treatment, the conversion is 87% o and the enantiomeric excess of 48%
- Titanium tetraisopropoxide (0.5 ml of a 0.1 M solution in toluene) is added to a solution of BINOL (14 mg, 0.05 mmol) in toluene (4.5 ml) and the reaction mixture is stirred for 20 min at room temperature. Then tetramethylethylenediamine (0.1 mmol) is added. The solution is immediately cooled to -20 ° C before the addition of TMSCN (0.13 ml) and then N-benzyl-methylphenylimine (105 mg, 0.5 mmol). After 1 hour, the medium is hydrolyzed with NaHC ⁇ 3. After usual treatment, the conversion is 80% and the enantiomeric excess 56%
- Example 6 Al (BINOL) 2Li: n BuLi (0.5 ml, 0.1 M in a toluene / hexane mixture) and AlEt3 (0.5 ml,
- NBuLi 0.5 ml, 0.1 M in a toluene / hexane mixture
- AlEt3 0.5 ml, 0.1 M in a toluene / hexane mixture
- AlEt3 (0.5 ml, 0.1 M in a toluene / hexane mixture) is added to a solution of BINOL (29 mg, 0.1 mmol) in toluene (4.5 ml) at 0 ° C.
- the reaction mixture is stirred for 0.5 h and cooled to -20 ° C.
- the addition of TMSCN (0.13 ml) is followed by the addition of imine (0.5 mmol).
- Example 10 AlMgBr (BINOL) 2: AlEt3 (0.5 ml, 0.1 M in a toluene / hexane mixture) and
- the amino-nitrile (1-benzylamino-1-cyano-ethylbenzene; 4.0 mmol) is mixed at 0 ° C with 1.8 g of sulfuric acid (95%). The mixture is brought to 90 ° C for 1.5 h.
- the medium is diluted with 3 ml of water, then washed three times with 20 ml of dichloromethane. 0.5 g of solid sodium hydroxide are added, and the amino-amide (2-benzylamino-2-phenyl-propanamide) is extracted with dichloromethane. After usual treatment, a yield of 43% is obtained).
- the amino amide (0.35 mmol) is dissolved in 5 ml of methanol. 0.2 ml of acetic acid is added, followed by 52 mg of catalyst (palladium hydroxide on carbon,
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AU55409/00A AU5540900A (en) | 1999-06-09 | 2000-06-09 | Novel method for preparing optically active alpha-aminonitriles |
JP2001501585A JP2003501411A (ja) | 1999-06-09 | 2000-06-09 | 光学活性アルファ−アミノニトリルの新規な製造方法 |
BR0006829-2A BR0006829A (pt) | 1999-06-09 | 2000-06-09 | Processo de preparação de "alfa"-aminonitrilasoticamente ativas, utilização de complexosmetálicos quirais ou indutores de quiralidade e"alfa"-aminonitrilas oticamente ativas |
KR1020017001744A KR20010072385A (ko) | 1999-06-09 | 2000-06-09 | 광학 활성 알파-아미노니트릴의 신규한 제조 방법 |
EP00940478A EP1102744A1 (fr) | 1999-06-09 | 2000-06-09 | NOUVEAU PROCEDE DE PREPARATION D'$g(a)-AMINONITRILES OPTIQUEMENT ACTIFS |
HU0103428A HUP0103428A2 (hu) | 1999-06-09 | 2000-06-09 | Új eljárás optikailag aktív alfa-amino-nitrilek előállítására |
PL00345995A PL345995A1 (en) | 1999-06-09 | 2000-06-09 | Novel method for preparing optically active alpha-aminonitriles |
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FR9907512A FR2794743A1 (fr) | 1999-06-09 | 1999-06-09 | Nouveau procede de preparation d'alpha-aminonitriles optiquement actifs |
FR99/07512 | 1999-06-09 |
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EP (1) | EP1102744A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2003501411A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20010072385A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1314880A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU5540900A (fr) |
BR (1) | BR0006829A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2794743A1 (fr) |
HU (1) | HUP0103428A2 (fr) |
PL (1) | PL345995A1 (fr) |
TR (1) | TR200100435T1 (fr) |
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Cited By (1)
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GB2398569A (en) * | 2003-02-19 | 2004-08-25 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Chiral compounds comprising Group IV element with two 1,1'-binaphth-2,2'-diyl-containing or related substituents |
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WO2009041919A1 (fr) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-02 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | Composé du titane et procédé de cyanation asymétrique d'imines |
US20100179343A1 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2010-07-15 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | Method of producing an optically active cyanohydrin derivative |
WO2010071227A1 (fr) * | 2008-12-17 | 2010-06-24 | Takasago International Corporation | Complexes d'aluminium et leur utilisation en tant que catalyseur dans des réactions intramoléculaires de fermeture de cycle |
JP5501701B2 (ja) * | 2009-09-09 | 2014-05-28 | 三井化学株式会社 | イミンの不斉シアノ化方法 |
CN103342652B (zh) * | 2013-07-24 | 2015-02-25 | 重庆紫光化工股份有限公司 | N,n-二甲基氨基乙酸酯的制备方法 |
CN103962180B (zh) * | 2013-08-06 | 2016-02-17 | 汕头大学 | 用于制备α-氨基腈的Salen配位聚合物催化剂及其制备方法 |
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EP0629616A2 (fr) * | 1993-06-18 | 1994-12-21 | Rhone-Poulenc Agrochimie | Dérivés optiquement actifs de 2-imidazoline-5-ones et 2-imidazoline-5-thiones fongicides |
WO1998003490A1 (fr) * | 1996-07-22 | 1998-01-29 | Rhone Poulenc Agro | Intermediaires pour la preparation de 2-imidazoline-5-ones |
-
1999
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2000
- 2000-06-09 WO PCT/FR2000/001597 patent/WO2000075104A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-06-09 EP EP00940478A patent/EP1102744A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-06-09 TR TR2001/00435T patent/TR200100435T1/xx unknown
- 2000-06-09 KR KR1020017001744A patent/KR20010072385A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-06-09 JP JP2001501585A patent/JP2003501411A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-06-09 PL PL00345995A patent/PL345995A1/xx unknown
- 2000-06-09 AU AU55409/00A patent/AU5540900A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-06-09 CN CN00801171A patent/CN1314880A/zh active Pending
- 2000-06-09 BR BR0006829-2A patent/BR0006829A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
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EP0629616A2 (fr) * | 1993-06-18 | 1994-12-21 | Rhone-Poulenc Agrochimie | Dérivés optiquement actifs de 2-imidazoline-5-ones et 2-imidazoline-5-thiones fongicides |
WO1998003490A1 (fr) * | 1996-07-22 | 1998-01-29 | Rhone Poulenc Agro | Intermediaires pour la preparation de 2-imidazoline-5-ones |
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ISHITANI H ET AL: "CATALYTIC, ENANTIOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF ALPHA-AMINONITRILES WITH A NOVEL ZIRCONIUM CATALYST", ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE. INTERNATIONAL EDITION,DE,VERLAG CHEMIE. WEINHEIM, vol. 37, no. 22, 1998, pages 3186 - 3188, XP000857795, ISSN: 0570-0833 * |
KEANA, JOHN F. W. ET AL: "Synthesis and properties of some nitroxide.alpha.-carboxylate salts", J. ORG. CHEM. (1989), 54(10), 2417-20 CODEN: JOCEAH;ISSN: 0022-3263, Dep. Chem., Univ. Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA, XP002135720 * |
OJIMA, IWAO ET AL: "New route to aminonitriles via cyanosilylation of Schiff bases and oximes", CHEM. LETT. (1975), (4), 331-4, XP000892908 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2398569A (en) * | 2003-02-19 | 2004-08-25 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Chiral compounds comprising Group IV element with two 1,1'-binaphth-2,2'-diyl-containing or related substituents |
GB2398569B (en) * | 2003-02-19 | 2006-12-27 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Chiral compounds comprising Group IV element with two 1,1'-binaphth-2,2'-diyl-containing or related substituents |
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JP2003501411A (ja) | 2003-01-14 |
PL345995A1 (en) | 2002-01-14 |
CN1314880A (zh) | 2001-09-26 |
BR0006829A (pt) | 2001-10-30 |
AU5540900A (en) | 2000-12-28 |
FR2794743A1 (fr) | 2000-12-15 |
EP1102744A1 (fr) | 2001-05-30 |
HUP0103428A2 (hu) | 2002-01-28 |
TR200100435T1 (tr) | 2001-08-21 |
KR20010072385A (ko) | 2001-07-31 |
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