WO2000072458A1 - Procede de reception amcr et dispositif de reception amcr pour applications en telephonie mobile - Google Patents

Procede de reception amcr et dispositif de reception amcr pour applications en telephonie mobile Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000072458A1
WO2000072458A1 PCT/DE2000/001611 DE0001611W WO0072458A1 WO 2000072458 A1 WO2000072458 A1 WO 2000072458A1 DE 0001611 W DE0001611 W DE 0001611W WO 0072458 A1 WO0072458 A1 WO 0072458A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cdma
subscriber
data signal
data
channel
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Application number
PCT/DE2000/001611
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Markus Doetsch
Peter Jung
Jörg PLECHINGER
Peter Schmidt
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Infineon Technologies Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2000072458A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000072458A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
    • H04B1/7097—Interference-related aspects
    • H04B1/7103—Interference-related aspects the interference being multiple access interference
    • H04B1/7105—Joint detection techniques, e.g. linear detectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a CDMA receiving method and a CDMA receiving device for use in mobile radio systems.
  • FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communication
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • each subscriber data signal is made unmistakable by impressing an individual, subscriber-specific CDMA code.
  • the stamping of the CDMA code is also referred to as "band spreading” or simply as “spreading" the subscriber data signal.
  • a subscriber data signal is understood to mean a data signal assigned to a specific subscriber by means of band spreading, ie "subscriber-individualized".
  • the subscriber data signal can originate from a specific subscriber (ie sent from a specific mobile station via the so-called uplink to a base station) or can be provided for a specific subscriber (ie sent from a base station via the so-called downlink to a specific mobile station).
  • the invention has for its object to provide a powerful CDMA receiving method and a powerful CDMA receiving device.
  • a high number of participants should be reachable.
  • the combination of an iterative equalization with the CDMA multiple pulling method creates a CDMA receiving method or CDMA receiver with increased interference immunity. This assumes - assuming a constant system load - an increase in the receiving quality rate (service quality rate).
  • the increased stability of the receiver in connection with the CDMA method also opens up the possibility of increasing both the number of subscribers (i.e. the system capacity) and the cell area and thus the economy of the CDMA mobile radio system using the method according to the invention.
  • CDMA receiving method and CDMA receiving device used here include the case of hybrid multiple access methods with an obligatory CDMA component and - optionally several - optional other multiple access components (such as TDMA / FDMA).
  • Coherent data detection is preferably carried out in the iterative equalization. Coherent data detection further increases the immunity to interference that can be achieved with the inventive reception method (or the immunity to interference of the CDMA receiving device according to the invention).
  • Another preferred measure is characterized in that at least one further subscriber data signal is determined by spreading decoding with a further CDMA code, that the further subscriber data signal is also iteratively equalized and that by taking the iteratively equalized further subscriber data signal a noise reduction of the specific subscriber data signal is achieved.
  • This technique which is also referred to as “joint detection” or “multi-subscriber detection”, likewise achieves improved interference suppression. Their effect is based on the fact that part of the interference in the specific subscriber data signal of interest is caused by other subscriber data signals (multi-subscriber interference). This interference component is deterministic and can be determined by detecting these further subscriber data signals and then specifically eliminated.
  • the predetermined CDMA code can preferably be selected from a plurality of CDMA codes available on the receiver side. This enables a suitable, still free CDMA code to be agreed between the transmitter and the receiver before the call is started. This creates the possibility of flexible allocation of CDMA codes, for example, depending on the system load (i.e. the codes currently in use).
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the air interface of a mobile radio system.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a possible structure of a CDMA data block
  • FIG. 3 em block diagram of a receiving device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 em block diagram of an iterative multi-subscriber equalizer with upstream spreading code decoders, which can be used in the receiving device shown in Fig. 3.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the air interface of a cellular CDMA mobile radio system.
  • Bidirectional communication connections can be set up between three mobile stations MSI, MS2, MS3 assigned to individual subscribers and a common base station BS.
  • the respective transmission behavior of the air interface is described by the three radio channels K1, K2, K3.
  • the communication links between the base station BS connected to the long-distance communication network and the mobile stations MSI, MS2, MS3 are subject to a multipath, which is caused by reflections, for example, on buildings or plantings in addition to the direct propagation path. If one assumes a movement of the mobile stations MSI, MS2, MS3 (relative to the fixed base station BS), the multipath propagation together with further disturbances leads to the fact that the receiving station MSI,
  • MS2, MS3 or BS transfer the signal components of the different propagation paths of a subscriber data signal as a function of time to store. As a result, the transmission properties of the radio channels K1, K2, K3 change continuously.
  • a superposition of several subscriber data signals occurs in both the uplink and the downlink.
  • the subscriber separation carried out in the receiving devices of the mobile stations MSI, MS2, MS3 or the base station BS is carried out by means of one of the known CDMA methods, for example FH (Frequency Hopping: frequency hopping) CDMA, MC (multicarrier code: multicarrier) CDMA or DS (Direct Sequencing) CDMA.
  • FH Frequency Hopping: frequency hopping
  • MC multicarrier code: multicarrier
  • DS Direct Sequencing
  • DS-CDMA serves to explain the CDMA principle for subscriber separation and, for this purpose, uses the example of DS-CDMA to show a possible structure of a data block from one specific mobile station MSX (ie MSI, MS2, ...) to the base station BS or subscriber data signal sent from the base station BS to a specific mobile station MSX.
  • the data block consists of a first sequence S1 of NS data symbols d carrying a message, a training sequence TR consisting of a sequence of data symbols z known by the receiver (which are provided for the purpose of channel estimation), a second sequence S2 of data symbols d carrying NS messages and a protective sequence ending the data block GP.
  • the data symbols z of the training sequence TR are also spread-coded.
  • the subscriber-specific spread coding used for the message-carrying data symbols is used; in the downlink (from BS to MSX), a subscriber-unspecific spread coding of the data symbols z of the training sequence TR that is characteristic of the base station BS alone can be used .
  • the receiving device E can be located both in the mobile station MSX and in the base station BS. In the following (unless otherwise stated) it is assumed that it is located in the mobile station MSX.
  • the receiving device E contains a high-frequency receiving stage HFE, control means SEE with a storage device SPE, demodulation means DMOD with a data detector DD and with a channel decoder KDECOD, the data detector DD comprising a channel estimator KS and a spreading code decoder SDC, and one connected downstream of the demodulator means DMOD Source decoder QDECOD.
  • the radio frequency receiving stage HFE receives a radio wave via an antenna, which contains the subscriber data signal intended for the mobile station MSX and further subscriber data signals intended for other mobile stations. These signals are converted in the high-frequency receiving stage HFE in the usual way by downmixing into an analog baseband received signal.
  • the analog baseband received signal is digitized in a manner not shown by an analog / digital converter with a sufficiently high sampling rate corresponding at least to the chip rate and bandwidth-limited by means of a downstream digital filter (not shown).
  • the digital signal obtained in this way is fed to the data detector DD of the demodulator means DMOD.
  • the data detector DD uses the channel estimator KS to carry out an adaptive, i.e. data detection adapted to the current state of the transmission channel.
  • the subscriber separation is achieved by means of the SDC spreading code decoder.
  • the channel treasurer KS knows the data symbols z of the (undisturbed, transmitted) training sequence TR and the spreading code imprinted on them (the latter is, as already mentioned, in the example considered here of a transmission on the downlink non-specific to the subscriber). By correlating these known, spread-coded data symbols with the corresponding received (disturbed) spread-coded data symbols (denoted by z in FIG. 3), the channel estimator KS calculates the current channel parameters of the mobile radio channel via which the training sequence TR is used for each training sequence TR (ie for each block) was transmitted (on the downlink this is the channel between the BS and MSX for all subscriber data signals).
  • the channel parameters describe the current transmission status of the relevant mobile radio channel. For example, they can be in the form of a parameter set that parameterizes the functional course of the channel impulse response h.
  • the channel impulse response h is the response of the mobile radio channel at time t to a Dirac pulse fed into the channel at time t- ⁇ .
  • the newly determined channel parameters are communicated to the data detector DD. This then leads by folding the received disturbed (spread-coded) versions d (see FIG. 3) of the transmitted data symbols d with the current channel impulse response h (parameterized through the channel parameters) the detection of the message-carrying data symbols d through.
  • Coherent data detection is preferably used.
  • Coherent means that the time-discrete channel impulse responses h are taken into account in the adaptive data detection according to amount and phase. This presupposes that the channel estimator KS generates suitable channel parameters, which contain corresponding amount and phase information, and that the data detector DD also uses this information (amount and phase) in the subsequent data detection.
  • Coherent, adaptive data detection is preferred because, compared to non-coherent, adaptive data detection, it enables an increase in the signal-stor ratio.
  • the subscriber separation can be carried out as part of the data detection.
  • the spreading code decoder SDC separates the subscriber data signal intended for the mobile station MSX under consideration from the other subscriber data signals, which presupposes both knowledge of the spreading code sequence C used on the transmitter side and synchronization with the spreading code encoder used on the transmitter side.
  • the spreading code sequence C used by the transmitter i.e. the subscriber-specific CDMA code
  • It is either predefined or can be agreed when the call is started between the base station BS and the mobile station MSX, i.e. under the control of the control means SEE can be selected from a plurality of spread code sequences C stored in the memory device SPE.
  • the spreading code decoder SDC can be identical to the transmitting-side spreading code encoder, ie it can also consist of a multiplier which multiplies the detected digital signal by the associated spreading code sequence C.
  • the block structure (see FIG. 2) must also be taken into account, ie a distinction must be made between which of the detected data symbols are message-carrying data symbols (according to FIG. 2: reconstructions of the transmitted data signals d of the sequences S1 and S2) and which ones of the detected data symbols are other data symbols carrying additional information (for example for control information and the like).
  • corresponding information about the block structure used is stored in the storage means SPE and is communicated to the demodulator DMOD.
  • the (reconstructed) digital subscriber data signal is available for the specific subscriber, namely the mobile station MSX considered here.
  • the receiver E is housed in the base station BS, a (reconstructed) digital subscriber data signal is available from the particular mobile station MSX).
  • This detected digital subscriber data signal is the receiver-side reconstruction of the sent subscriber signal.
  • the detected data-carrying data symbols are also referred to as d below. Instead of individual data symbols d, sequences of data symbols d can also be detected.
  • the message-carrying data symbols d (or sequences thereof) obtained by the adaptive, coherent data detection are fed to the channel decoder KDECOD.
  • the loop-shaped arrow X indicates that the connection between the data detector DD and the channel decoder KDECOD is recursive. This enables a process called iterative equalization, in which the classic distinction between data detection and channel decoding is eliminated because recursion results in one or more repeated data detections after the first channel decoding.
  • the structure with a dash-dotted line consisting of data detector DD with channel estimator KS, spreading code decoder SDC and channel decoder KDECOD is referred to as an iterative CDMA equalizer IE. The iterative equalization is explained in more detail in FIG. 4.
  • the data signal output by the iterative CDMA equalizer IE (also denoted by ü in FIG. 4) is supplied to an optional source decoder QDECOD after block deinterleaving (not shown). This cancels any source coding that may have been made on the transmission side.
  • the source decoder QDECOD outputs a data signal which is a reconstruction of the original source data signal, i.e. em digitized voice signal, image signal or the like.
  • FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of an iterative multi-user CDMA equalizer, which differs from the CDMA equalizer IE shown in FIG. 3 in that it uses the principle of common detection ("JD") already explained to increase its interference immunity uses. It is therefore referred to below as JD-IE.
  • JD-IE Another (optional) difference is that several signal inputs E1, E2, ..., EK are provided, each of which is assigned to different receiving sensors (usually antennas). This will be explained later; it is initially assumed that there is only one input E1 at which the baseband signal output by the high-frequency receiving stage HFE is present.
  • the iterative multi-subscriber CDMA equalizer JD-IE can be used instead of the iterative CDMA equalizer IE in the inventive CDMA receiving device E of FIG. 3.
  • JD-IE comprises a multi-user data detector JD-DD with a multi-user channel estimator JD-KS and a multi-user spreading code decoder JD-SDC as well as a multi-user Channel decoder JD-KDECOD.
  • a symbol-code bit converter SCM with a downstream deinterleaver DIL can be used between the multi-subscriber data detector JD-DD and the multi-subscriber channel decoder JD-KDECOD, in which case then in a feedback connection R from the multi-subscriber channel decoder JD-KDECOD to provide the multi-subscriber data detector JD-DD em code bit symbol converter CSM with a downstream interleaver IL.
  • the iterative multi-subscriber CDMA equalizer JD-IE works as follows:
  • the multi-user data detector JD-DD has, in addition to the input El, an input EAP for receiving extrinsic information z x , which is available to it as a priori knowledge for data detection.
  • Data detectors which use a priori knowledge in data detection about the data symbols to be detected (or about a finite sequence of data symbols to be detected) are also referred to in the art as APRI detectors.
  • the input EAP is connected via the feedback connection R to the multi-subscriber channel decoder JD-KDECOD m which supplies the extreme information z y .
  • the multi-user data detector JD-DD is designed in such a way that it undertakes coherent detection not only of the user data signal of interest to the receiver but also of further user data signals received.
  • the channel estimation is carried out again. If the receiver is located in the base station BS, channel parameters or channel impulse responses h1, h2,... Of several detected subscriber data signals must be estimated by the multi-subscriber channel estimator JD-KS based on the received training sequences according to the amount and phase. If the receiver is located in the particular mobile station MSX, it is usually sufficient to use only one Evaluate channel (namely from the base station BS to the specific mobile station MSX).
  • the multi-subscriber data detector JD-DD uses the channel impulse response (s) h, (hl, h2, ...) to determine the reconstructions d of the data symbols d sent for the various subscribers (or by the diverse subscribers), the subscriber separation is carried out by means of the multi-user spreading code decoder JD-SDC, for which the spreading codes of all received user data signals must be known.
  • the multi-user data detector JD-DD calculates associated reliability information ⁇ d for each detection result d .
  • Sequence of reliability information ⁇ d are provided at an output of the multi-user data detector JD-DD.
  • the multi-subscriber data detector JD-DD uses the extrinsic information z x (if such already exists) with respect to all received subscriber data signals as a priori knowledge of the transmitted data symbols. At least when detecting the data symbols of the subscriber of interest, he also uses the JD principle, ie he reduces the noise of this subscriber data signal by eliminating "noise components" which are due to interference from (the detected) signals of the other subscribers (multi-subscriber interference ).
  • Both data sequences d and ⁇ d are fed to the combined symbol-code bit converter SCM / deinterleaver DIL and m a sequence of binary data c and a sequence of reliability information ⁇ c relating to the binary data c are converted.
  • the combined symbol-codebit converter SCM / deinterleaver DIL is optional and is only required if corresponding binary data has also been used on the transmission side.
  • Both the sequences d and ⁇ d and the sequences c and ⁇ c are based on the data symbols detected by all received subscriber data signals. For example, the sequence d can be constructed in such a way that it alternately strings the detection results of all detected participants in series.
  • the multi-subscriber channel decoder JD-KDECOD processes the sequences c and ⁇ c in such a way that initially one
  • the multi-subscriber channel decoder JD-KDECOD can use extric information z c which is made available to it as a result of suitable signal processing by the downstream source decoder QDECOD (see FIG. 3).
  • the reliability information ⁇ e is converted into the sequence z x in the combined codebit symbol converter CSM / interleaver IL.
  • the multi-user data detector JD-DD works first (ie when receiving the user data signals at the input E1) without taking into account a priori knowledge.
  • the detection results d and ⁇ d are described as already described translated into episodes c and ⁇ c .
  • the multi-subscriber channel decoder JD-KDECOD which likewise has no prior knowledge (sequence z c ), determines values for ü, ⁇ u and ⁇ e in a first estimate.
  • the sequences ü, ⁇ u are fed to the source decoder QDECOD (see FIG. 3) and the sequence ⁇ e (after conversion into CSM / IL into the symbol sequence z x ) is fed to the multi-user data detector JD-DD.
  • the source decoder QDECOD determines the reliability information z c on the basis of the received sequences ü, ⁇ u , and at the same time the multi-user data detector JD-DD determines an improved one from the sequence already present at the input E1 and the extrinsic information z x that is now present Version of the episodes d and ⁇ d . These in turn are implemented in SCM / DIL in improved versions of episodes c and ⁇ c .
  • the multi-subscriber channel decoder JD-KDECOD processes these improved versions together with the a-priori knowledge z c now also available to the improved versions of the sequences ü, Colour u and ⁇ e .
  • extrinsic information z c provided by the source decoder is optional, ie it can be omitted for example in later or in all iteration steps.
  • Another measure to improve the reception quality is to use signals from several (K) antennas.
  • a mobile station MSX can have two essentially omnidirectional antennas in the form of the usual rod antenna and a planar antenna attached to the rear wall of the housing.
  • antennas with a directional reception characteristic are often used.
  • the baseband signals originating from the K antennas are present at the inputs E1, E2, ..., EK. Because of the spatial diversity, each antenna is assigned its own transmission channel with its own transmission behavior. In this case, the multi-subscriber channel estimator JD-KS must carry out channel estimation for each input E1, E2, ..., EK and, if applicable (for a base station) for each subscriber.
  • the detection gain in this "multi-antenna detection" is based on the improved statistics taking into account K independent channels and increases with increasing K.
  • turbo decoder As a channel decoder KDECOD or JD-KDECOD, if there is sufficient computing capacity, a turbo decoder can be used.
  • a turbo decoder consists of two individual decoders, which are connected recursively and in this way carry out iterative channel decoding.
  • the iterative channel decoding is carried out as a sub-process of the iterative equalization described above.
  • the channel impulse response (s) h or hl, h2, ... a variety of different algorithms and in particular those in the book “Analysis and Design of Digital Mobile Radio Systems", by P. Jung, Stuttgart, BG Teubner , 1997 in chapter 5.2.3 on pages 201-206. These algorithms are the subject of the present application by reference. These are the algorithms for signal-adapted filtering, Gaussian estimation, ML estimation and MAP estimation. Finally, it is pointed out that the midamble-based block structure shown in FIG. 2 is not mandatory. For example, the channel estimation can also be carried out continuously on the basis of a continuous pilot signal broadcast by the base station BS specifically for this purpose.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un procédé de réception AMCR (accès multiple par code de répartition) pour applications en téléphonie mobile, dans lequel des signaux de données, codés en répartition avec un code AMCR spécifiquement à l'abonné, sont reçus. Ces signaux sont décodés en répartition conformément au code AMCR prédéfini, afin de produire un signal de données abonné défini. Enfin, le signal de données abonné défini est redressé de manière itérative au moyen d'un détecteur de données (DD) adaptatif et d'un décodeur de canal (KDECOD) relié en boucle de rétroaction (R) avec le détecteur de données (DD) adaptatif.
PCT/DE2000/001611 1999-05-21 2000-05-19 Procede de reception amcr et dispositif de reception amcr pour applications en telephonie mobile WO2000072458A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1999123408 DE19923408C1 (de) 1999-05-21 1999-05-21 CDMA-Empfangsverfahren und CDMA-Empfangseinrichtung für Mobilfunkanwendungen
DE19923408.6 1999-05-21

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Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0633677A2 (fr) * 1993-07-08 1995-01-11 Nec Corporation Récepteur AMDC avec annulateur d'interférance et de variation de phase
WO1997005707A1 (fr) * 1995-08-01 1997-02-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede et dispositif pour reduire les perturbations sur voies communes dans des systemes radiophoniques cellulaires jd-cdma
DE19717546A1 (de) * 1996-12-05 1998-06-10 Deutsche Telekom Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Decodierung bei einem CDMA-Übertragungssystem zum Demodulieren eines Empfangssignals, das in serieller Codeverkettung vorliegt

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0633677A2 (fr) * 1993-07-08 1995-01-11 Nec Corporation Récepteur AMDC avec annulateur d'interférance et de variation de phase
WO1997005707A1 (fr) * 1995-08-01 1997-02-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede et dispositif pour reduire les perturbations sur voies communes dans des systemes radiophoniques cellulaires jd-cdma
DE19717546A1 (de) * 1996-12-05 1998-06-10 Deutsche Telekom Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Decodierung bei einem CDMA-Übertragungssystem zum Demodulieren eines Empfangssignals, das in serieller Codeverkettung vorliegt

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RAPHAELI D ET AL: "COMBINED TURBO EQUALIZATION AND TURBO DECODING", IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS,US,IEEE SERVICE CENTER, PISCATAWAY,US, vol. 2, no. 4, 1 April 1998 (1998-04-01), pages 107 - 109, XP000752598, ISSN: 1089-7798 *
ZHISHI PENG ET AL: "Joint channel and source decoding for vector quantized images using turbo codes", ISCAS '98. PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1998 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS (CAT. NO.98CH36187), ISCAS '98 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1998 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS, MONTEREY, CA, USA, 31 MAY-3 JUNE 1998, 1998, New York, NY, USA, IEEE, USA, pages 5 - 8 vol.4, XP002149349, ISBN: 0-7803-4455-3 *

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