WO2000054355A1 - Brennstoffzellenbatterie mit heizung und verbesserter kaltstartperformance und verfahren zum kaltstarten einer brennstoffzellenbatterie - Google Patents
Brennstoffzellenbatterie mit heizung und verbesserter kaltstartperformance und verfahren zum kaltstarten einer brennstoffzellenbatterie Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000054355A1 WO2000054355A1 PCT/DE2000/000740 DE0000740W WO0054355A1 WO 2000054355 A1 WO2000054355 A1 WO 2000054355A1 DE 0000740 W DE0000740 W DE 0000740W WO 0054355 A1 WO0054355 A1 WO 0054355A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- cell battery
- stack
- heating
- heater
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
- H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuel cell battery with heating and improved cold start performance and a method for cold starting such a battery, the heating, e.g. a reformer is started, the operating heat of which is used to heat the fuel cell stack.
- a fuel cell battery has a fuel cell stack or stack with fuel cell units and pro
- Fuel cell unit an electrolyte, such as an ion exchange membrane in the PEM fuel cell, which contains a sulfonated chemical compound as the main component.
- This group of chemical compounds binds water in the membrane to ensure adequate proton conductivity.
- the membrane resistance suddenly increases by 2-3 powers of ten due to the freezing of the stored water.
- the PAFC Phosphoric Acid Fuel
- either the battery, even without use, can be operated at minimal load so that the temperature does not drop below freezing, or a thermocouple can be installed so that at the moment, where the temperature drops so far that the electrolyte resistance threatens to jump, the battery starts and heats up due to operation.
- a thermocouple can be installed so that at the moment, where the temperature drops so far that the electrolyte resistance threatens to jump, the battery starts and heats up due to operation.
- short-circuit operation in which the battery is constantly short-circuited in the heating phase, so that the entire fuel cell output is used as short-circuit heat for heating the electrolyte at the beginning of the operation.
- a disadvantage of short-circuit operation is that the extremely high resistance of the electrolyte must be overcome at temperatures below freezing until the cell is started to run and can heat up as a result.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell battery with improved cold start performance, which can be started at low temperatures without a drastically increased consumption of process gas. It is also an object of the invention to provide a method with which a fuel cell battery can be started cold.
- the focus is mainly the increase in the efficiency of the entire system wheel, reducing the loss of heat of the overall system and de constructive simplicity of An ⁇ position at the forefront of considerations.
- the invention relates to a fuel cell battery with heater, in which at least one line from the heater to the fuel cell stack is provided, so that the heat can be coupled out without the intermediate heat exchanger m the fuel stack.
- the invention also relates to a method for cold starting, in which the waste heat from the combustion of the primary and / or secondary fuel is used directly in the form of the exhaust gas for heating the fuel cell stack. According to the method, the exhaust gases from an upstream heating system are introduced directly into the stack or stack, so that, for example, unburned feed gas is passed through the stack as part of the reformer output.
- Every heatable room is referred to as heating, in which a heat transfer medium can be heated, even when using a heat exchanger.
- the heater preferably comprises a heating element such as a catalytic burner and / or an electrical heating element.
- a running reformer can therefore also be a heater in the sense of the invention.
- the line from the heater to the fuel cell stack can be part of a circulatory system in which a heat transport medium (such as, for example, the exhaust gas from the reformer, that is to say reforming gas, the exhaust gas from the catalytic burner, a heated gas, such as, for example, CO2, secondary fuel, etc. , Natural gas, methanol / water mixture, a liquid with a high specific heat capacity, such as 01, silicone oil, methanol, another alcohol, pure water or the like, with one condition being that the heat conducting medium should not be electrically conductive) in the reformer and / or is heated in the heater and then directed to the fuel cell stack where it releases the heat.
- a heat transport medium such as, for example, the exhaust gas from the reformer, that is to say reforming gas, the exhaust gas from the catalytic burner, a heated gas, such as, for example, CO2, secondary fuel, etc.
- Natural gas methanol / water mixture
- a liquid with a high specific heat capacity such as 01, silicone oil, m
- This line can be interrupted during the operation of the fuel cell stack.
- the line comprises a gas ⁇ technical connection between the reforming chamber and the Re ⁇ action chambers of the fuel cell stack forth, so that hot heat transfer medium is passed through the reaction chambers of the fuel cell stack and these heats it.
- hot heat transfer medium is passed through the reaction chambers of the fuel cell stack and these heats it.
- This is possible, for example, by introducing the heated heat transfer medium into the process gas channel with or without "dilution" by process gas.
- the hot exhaust gas from the reforming reaction can also simply be passed into one or both of the process gas channels and / or independently into the stack and through its reaction chambers.
- the reaction conditions in the reformer are preferably selected (in order to save fuel) in such a way that, in contrast to the H -?
- the oxygen or air supply to the reformer should therefore be temporarily increased during cold start, so that complete combustion takes place instead of partial oxidation.
- lines can be provided between the heater and the stack.
- the heater can be arranged in the immediate vicinity of the stack, so that in extreme cases the lines are warm lines which consist of contact points between the heater and the BZ unit (s) of the stack. It is possible e.g. that the reformer is placed in the immediate vicinity of the stack, with the outer walls of the two units abutting one another directly in extreme cases.
- the lines in the sense of this embodiment are all connections that are thermally conductive, that is to say all direct wires, pipes and / or ducts that mechanically connect to the heating and to the stack and all other connections that can transmit heat.
- the reformer is heated via a catalytic burner, which e.g. integrated in the reformer and / or there e.g. is centrally located in the middle.
- a catalytic burner which e.g. integrated in the reformer and / or there e.g. is centrally located in the middle.
- a fuel cell battery comprises at least one stack with a fuel cell unit, which is referred to as a stack, the corresponding process gas supply and disposal channels (process gas channel), a cooling system and associated end plates.
- the reformer and / or the heater can in the
- Fuel cell system can be integrated or operated externally.
- a PEM fuel cell battery is preferably used, but the application of the invention to other fuel cells, in particular the PAFC, is obvious.
- the gas of the reactant for example MeOH, H 2 and / or 0 2
- the reaction gas is referred to as the reaction gas
- the process gas includes several components such as water vapor, inert gas, etc. in addition to the reaction gas and can also include primary fuel.
- the primary fuel is gasoline, methanol, methane, etc., ie fuels from which a secondary fuel, such as a hydrogen-containing gas mixture or hydrogen, is produced in a reformer.
- a secondary fuel such as a hydrogen-containing gas mixture or hydrogen
- a catalytic burner is provided in the reformer in which the primary fuel is burned, so that controlled combustion with low pollutant emissions is achieved.
- the catalytic burner ensures an even conversion.
- the heat from this combustion is then e.g. passed on to the fuel cell stack via a heat exchanger or through the passage of the exhaust gases.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002367128A CA2367128A1 (en) | 1999-03-09 | 2000-03-09 | Method for the cold-starting of a fuel cell battery, and associated fuel cell battery |
JP2000604479A JP2002539585A (ja) | 1999-03-09 | 2000-03-09 | 低温起動特性を改善した燃料電池とその低温起動方法 |
EP00922429A EP1166380A1 (de) | 1999-03-09 | 2000-03-09 | Brennstoffzellenbatterie mit heizung und verbesserter kaltstartperformance und verfahren zum kaltstarten einer brennstoffzellenbatterie |
US09/950,427 US20020071972A1 (en) | 1999-03-09 | 2001-09-10 | Fuel cell battery with heating and an improved cold-start performance, and method for cold-starting of a fuel cell battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19910387.9 | 1999-03-09 | ||
DE19910387A DE19910387A1 (de) | 1999-03-09 | 1999-03-09 | Brennstoffzellenbatterie mit Heizung und verbesserter Kaltstartperformance und Verfahren zum Kaltstarten einer Brennstoffzellenbatterie |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/950,427 Continuation US20020071972A1 (en) | 1999-03-09 | 2001-09-10 | Fuel cell battery with heating and an improved cold-start performance, and method for cold-starting of a fuel cell battery |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000054355A1 true WO2000054355A1 (de) | 2000-09-14 |
Family
ID=7900276
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2000/000740 WO2000054355A1 (de) | 1999-03-09 | 2000-03-09 | Brennstoffzellenbatterie mit heizung und verbesserter kaltstartperformance und verfahren zum kaltstarten einer brennstoffzellenbatterie |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20020071972A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1166380A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2002539585A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2367128A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19910387A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000054355A1 (de) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10028329A1 (de) * | 2000-06-05 | 2002-01-10 | Atecs Mannesmann Ag | Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zum Ein-/Abschalten eines Brennstoffzellensystems |
DE10055245A1 (de) * | 2000-11-08 | 2002-08-29 | Xcellsis Gmbh | Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zum Start eines Brennstoffzellensytems |
FR2834140A1 (fr) * | 2001-12-20 | 2003-06-27 | Renault | Procede de gestion de la montee en puissance disponible d'une pile a combustible |
US8163428B2 (en) | 2007-11-19 | 2012-04-24 | Enymotion Gmbh | Fuel cell system and method for operating the same |
Families Citing this family (24)
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JP4534281B2 (ja) * | 1999-11-24 | 2010-09-01 | 株式会社デンソー | 燃料電池システム |
DE10023036A1 (de) * | 2000-05-11 | 2001-11-22 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum Kaltstart von Brennstoffzellen einer Brennstoffzellenanlage und zugehörige Brennstoffzellenanlage |
DE10107596B4 (de) * | 2001-02-17 | 2005-11-03 | Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag | Niedertemperatur-Brennstoffzelleneinrichtung für Fahrzeuge, insbesondere PEM (Proton-Exchange Membrane)-Brennstoffzelleneinrichtung |
US6797421B2 (en) * | 2002-01-11 | 2004-09-28 | Utc Fuel Cells, Llc | Method and apparatus for preventing water in fuel cell power plants from freezing during storage |
DE10237154A1 (de) * | 2002-08-14 | 2004-03-11 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Brennstoffzellensystem mit wenigstens einer Brennstoffzelle und mit einer Gaserzeugungseinrichtung |
JP3994825B2 (ja) * | 2002-08-28 | 2007-10-24 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 燃料電池発電システム |
JP4147924B2 (ja) * | 2002-12-03 | 2008-09-10 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
FR2851693B1 (fr) * | 2003-02-20 | 2006-02-24 | Renault Sa | Dispositif et procede de mise en temperature lors du demarrage d'un systeme de pile a combustible embarque sur un vehicule automobile |
DE10309794A1 (de) * | 2003-03-05 | 2004-09-23 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Brennstoffzellensystem mit wenigstens einer Brennstoffzelle und einem Gaserzeugungssystem |
JP2004327366A (ja) * | 2003-04-28 | 2004-11-18 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池スタックおよびその燃料電池システム |
US8318368B2 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2012-11-27 | UltraCell, L.L.C. | Portable systems for engine block |
EP1639660A4 (de) * | 2003-06-27 | 2009-12-02 | Ultracell Corp | Effiziente mikro-brennstoffzellen-systeme und -verfahren |
US7666539B2 (en) | 2003-06-27 | 2010-02-23 | Ultracell Corporation | Heat efficient portable fuel cell systems |
FR2860105B1 (fr) * | 2003-09-19 | 2005-11-18 | Renault Sa | Systeme et procede de mise en oeuvre d'une pile a combustible d'un vehicule |
ES2331078T3 (es) | 2005-03-16 | 2009-12-21 | TRUMA GERATETECHNIK GMBH & CO. KG | Sistema reformador de celulas de combustible con quemador exterior. |
EP1739777B1 (de) * | 2005-06-28 | 2014-01-22 | Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH & Co. KG. | Brennstoffzellensystem für ein Fahrzeug |
US20060292410A1 (en) * | 2005-06-28 | 2006-12-28 | Andreas Kaupert | Fuel cell system for a vehicle |
KR101324413B1 (ko) * | 2006-02-27 | 2013-11-01 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 고온 고분자 전해질 연료전지 스택의 기동 방법 및 이를이용하는 연료전지 시스템 |
JP4353240B2 (ja) * | 2006-11-24 | 2009-10-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電源システム |
US20080292945A1 (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2008-11-27 | Ajith Kuttannair Kumar | Battery heating system and methods of heating |
DE102013207472A1 (de) | 2013-04-24 | 2014-10-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erwärmen eines elektrischen Energiespeichers eines Kraftfahrzeuges |
DE102018133529A1 (de) | 2018-12-21 | 2020-06-25 | Siqens Gmbh | Brennersystem sowie Verfahren zum Bereitstellen von thermischer Energie |
US20230299312A1 (en) | 2020-08-14 | 2023-09-21 | Siqens Gmbh | Temperature-control device for a stack-like energy store or converter, and a fuel cell stack having a temperature-control device of said type |
US20230250545A1 (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2023-08-10 | Uop Llc | Method for conditioning an electrolysis system |
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JPS5998471A (ja) * | 1982-11-26 | 1984-06-06 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | 溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池装置 |
JPS6188460A (ja) * | 1984-10-05 | 1986-05-06 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 燃料電池発電システムの起動方法 |
JPS61158672A (ja) * | 1984-12-28 | 1986-07-18 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 空冷式燃料電池の昇温方法 |
JPS6471075A (en) * | 1987-09-10 | 1989-03-16 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Reaction air supply method of fuel cell |
JPS6471074A (en) * | 1987-09-09 | 1989-03-16 | Sanyo Electric Co | Starting device of fuel cell power generating system |
JPH01124962A (ja) * | 1987-11-10 | 1989-05-17 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | アルカリ電解質型燃料電池装置 |
JPH02139871A (ja) * | 1988-11-18 | 1990-05-29 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 燃料電池発電システムの起動方式 |
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JPH04269460A (ja) * | 1991-02-22 | 1992-09-25 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池プラントの昇温方法 |
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JPH08195211A (ja) * | 1995-01-18 | 1996-07-30 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム |
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DE4037970A1 (de) * | 1989-12-21 | 1991-06-27 | Asea Brown Boveri | Verfahren zur selbsttaetigen inbetriebsetzung einer oder mehrerer, mit kohlenwasserstoffen betriebenen hochtemperatur-brennstoffzellen |
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-
1999
- 1999-03-09 DE DE19910387A patent/DE19910387A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2000
- 2000-03-09 WO PCT/DE2000/000740 patent/WO2000054355A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-03-09 JP JP2000604479A patent/JP2002539585A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-03-09 CA CA002367128A patent/CA2367128A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-03-09 EP EP00922429A patent/EP1166380A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-09-10 US US09/950,427 patent/US20020071972A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JPS6188460A (ja) * | 1984-10-05 | 1986-05-06 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 燃料電池発電システムの起動方法 |
JPS61158672A (ja) * | 1984-12-28 | 1986-07-18 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 空冷式燃料電池の昇温方法 |
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JPS6471075A (en) * | 1987-09-10 | 1989-03-16 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Reaction air supply method of fuel cell |
JPH01124962A (ja) * | 1987-11-10 | 1989-05-17 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | アルカリ電解質型燃料電池装置 |
JPH02139871A (ja) * | 1988-11-18 | 1990-05-29 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 燃料電池発電システムの起動方式 |
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JPH04269460A (ja) * | 1991-02-22 | 1992-09-25 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池プラントの昇温方法 |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10028329A1 (de) * | 2000-06-05 | 2002-01-10 | Atecs Mannesmann Ag | Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zum Ein-/Abschalten eines Brennstoffzellensystems |
DE10028329C2 (de) * | 2000-06-05 | 2003-06-26 | Atecs Mannesmann Ag | Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zum Ein-/Abschalten eines Brennstoffzellensystems |
DE10055245A1 (de) * | 2000-11-08 | 2002-08-29 | Xcellsis Gmbh | Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zum Start eines Brennstoffzellensytems |
US6756143B2 (en) | 2000-11-08 | 2004-06-29 | Ballard Power Systems Ag | Fuel cell system and method for starting a fuel cell system |
FR2834140A1 (fr) * | 2001-12-20 | 2003-06-27 | Renault | Procede de gestion de la montee en puissance disponible d'une pile a combustible |
EP1323572A1 (de) * | 2001-12-20 | 2003-07-02 | Renault s.a.s. | Verfahren zur Regelung des Hochfahrens der verfügbaren Energie einer Brennstoffzelle |
US8163428B2 (en) | 2007-11-19 | 2012-04-24 | Enymotion Gmbh | Fuel cell system and method for operating the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19910387A1 (de) | 2000-09-21 |
JP2002539585A (ja) | 2002-11-19 |
CA2367128A1 (en) | 2000-09-14 |
US20020071972A1 (en) | 2002-06-13 |
EP1166380A1 (de) | 2002-01-02 |
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