WO2000044691A1 - Procede de reduction des oxydes d'azote - Google Patents

Procede de reduction des oxydes d'azote Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000044691A1
WO2000044691A1 PCT/JP2000/000419 JP0000419W WO0044691A1 WO 2000044691 A1 WO2000044691 A1 WO 2000044691A1 JP 0000419 W JP0000419 W JP 0000419W WO 0044691 A1 WO0044691 A1 WO 0044691A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas generating
gas
derivative
nox
reduction method
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2000/000419
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yo Yamato
Original Assignee
Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. filed Critical Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.
Publication of WO2000044691A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000044691A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
    • C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a NOX reduction method for reducing the amount of NOX generated by combustion of a gas generating agent for an airbag during an inflation of an airbag system provided for protecting a human body mounted on an automobile, an aircraft, or the like.
  • sodium azide is well known as a fuel component of a gas generating agent used in an airbag system.
  • a gas generator using sodium azide has a decomposition temperature of at least 400 and is excellent in heat resistance, and has no particular problem with its combustion characteristics, and is widely used in practice.
  • sodium azide generates explosive compounds by reacting with heavy metals, etc., and has a low oral toxicity LD50 of 27 mg / kg for mouse rats. It is known that there is a concern about environmental pollution.
  • Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-57669 discloses a gas generating agent containing a transition metal complex of tetrazole and triazol
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-254977 discloses A gas generating agent containing triaminoguanidine nitrate is disclosed
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 6-23963 discloses a gas generating agent containing carbohydrazide
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-61885 The gazette contains cellulose acetate and perchloric acid lime and nitrogen-containing nonmetallic compounds.
  • 5,125,684 discloses a gas generating agent containing 15 to 30% of a cellulosic binder such as nitrocellulose and an energy substance;
  • No. 292 discloses a gas generating composition comprising a combination of a tetrazole and triazole derivative, an oxidizing agent and a slag forming agent.
  • a gas generating composition comprising a nitrogen-containing organic compound emits a chemical equivalent in combustion, that is, an amount of oxygen necessary for burning carbon, hydrogen, and other oxidizable elements in the nitrogen-containing organic compound molecule.
  • a chemical equivalent in combustion that is, an amount of oxygen necessary for burning carbon, hydrogen, and other oxidizable elements in the nitrogen-containing organic compound molecule.
  • NOX reduction method As a method generally known as a NOX reduction method, there is a large-scale denitration technology using a boiler or a burner that burns heavy oil, light oil, coal, propane gas, and the like.
  • a selective reduction method using NH 3 to remove NO x by the following reaction There is a selective reduction method using NH 3 to remove NO x by the following reaction.
  • the present invention provides a method for reducing NOx that can reduce the amount of NOx generated by the combustion of a gas generating agent for an airbag and improve safety further from the viewpoint of user protection during the inflation of an airbag system.
  • the purpose is to provide.
  • the inventors of the present invention have repeated studies focusing on the fact that the selective reduction method shows a certain effect as a method for reducing the amount of NOx. As a result, they found that the selective reduction method reduces the amount of N ⁇ X due to the effective reaction between the gas generated by the combustion of the gas generating agent and the gas generated from the reducing substance. Was. By further developing this principle, they have found that an effective reaction between an oxidizing gas and a reducing gas can achieve the above object, and have completed the present invention. That is, the present invention provides a NOX reduction method characterized by reducing the amount of NOX generated by simultaneously burning two or more types of gas generating agents having different oxygen balances.
  • the present invention also provides an inflation system that employs the above-mentioned N ⁇ X reduction method.
  • the present invention is a method for generating a gas in which the amount of generated NO X is reduced by simultaneously burning two or more types of gas generating agents having different oxygen balances in an air bag gas generator including the gas generating agent.
  • the NO X reduction method of the present invention By applying the NO X reduction method of the present invention, the amount of NO X generated by combustion of the gas generating agent for an air bag can be reduced. As a result, the possibility of adversely affecting the user's health can be reduced, and the reliability and safety of the infra-system can be improved.
  • this does not control combustion in the solid phase by means of a combustion catalyst or the like, but daringly generates oxidizing gas and reducing gas from two or more types of gas generating agents with different oxygen balances, and makes these effective reactions.
  • the temperature is high and the pressure is high, which is favorable conditions for these gas reactions.
  • the oxygen balance of the two or more gas generating agents used may be any as long as it has an effect, but is preferably -0.2 to +0.2 g / g. It is particularly preferred that it is -0.1 to +0.1 lg / g.
  • the balance is preferably -0.2 to 0.2 Og / g and 0.0 to +0.2 g / g, -0.1 to 0.Og / g and 0.0 to + 0.lg / g. g is particularly preferred.
  • the gas generating agent may be placed anywhere in the inflation bath if the combustion gas generated from two or more types of gas generating agents effectively reacts. Preferably, it is located in the gas generant combustion chamber.
  • Two or more types of gas generating agents may be mixed well by a mixer, etc., and handled as if they were a single type of gas generating agent, or they may be completely separated and charged during inflation. .
  • the gas generating agent is easy to handle and a more reliable gas reaction can be expected.
  • the gas generating agent is handled separately, there is an advantage that the amount of each gas generating agent can be measured more accurately.
  • the non-azide gas generating composition used in the present invention is preferably composed of a nitrogen-containing compound, an oxidizing agent, if necessary, a slag forming agent and a binder.
  • the nitrogen-containing compound used in the present invention is selected from the group consisting of a guanidine derivative, a tetrazole derivative, a bititrazole derivative, a triazole derivative, a hydrazine derivative, a triazine derivative, an azodicarbonamide derivative and a disocyanamide derivative. Species or a mixture of two or more species.
  • nitroguanidine examples include nitroguanidine, guanidine nitrate, 5-aminotetrazole, bittrazol diammonium salt, 5-year-old xo 1,2,4-triazolyl, cyanoguanidine, triaminoguanidine nitrate, Examples thereof include trihydrazinotriazine, biuret, azodicarbonamide, piurea, carbohydrazide, carbohydrazide nitrate complex, oxalic acid dihydrazide, hydrazine nitrate complex, and sodium disocyanamide.
  • nitrogen-containing compounds one or more members selected from the group consisting of a tetrazole derivative and a guanidine derivative are preferable, and nitroguanidine, cyanoguanidine and 5-aminotetrazole are particularly preferable.
  • the mixing ratio of the nitrogen-containing compound in the gas generating composition according to the present invention varies depending on the number of carbon elements, hydrogen elements and other oxidized elements in the molecular formula, but is usually in the range of 20 to 70% by weight. Is preferred, and a range of 25 to 60% by weight is particularly preferred.
  • oxidizing agents can be used as the oxidizing agent used in the gas generating composition according to the present invention, and nitrates, nitrites, and perchloric acids containing cations selected from the group consisting of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal are used. At least salt and chlorate
  • An oxidizing agent selected from one type is preferred.
  • the nitrate containing a cation selected from an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal include sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, strontium nitrate, and the like.
  • the mixing ratio of the oxidizing agent in the gas generating composition according to the present invention varies in absolute value depending on the type and amount of the gas generating compound used, but is preferably in the range of 30 to 80% by weight, particularly 40 to 75% by weight. A range is preferred.
  • the function of the slag forming agent in the gas generating composition according to the present invention is as follows.
  • slag forming agents include acid clay, silica, bentonite-based, kaolin-based, and other naturally-occurring clays mainly composed of aluminosilicates; synthetic myc, synthetic olinite, synthetic smectite Slag forming agents selected from at least one of alumina, aluminum hydroxide, and the like.
  • acid clay, Alumina or silica is preferred.
  • the slag forming agent is not essential, but adding an appropriate amount to the gas generating composition is very effective.
  • the mixing ratio can be varied in the range of 1 to 20% by weight, but is preferably in the range of 3 to 10% by weight. If the amount is too large, the linear burning speed and the gas generation efficiency decrease, and if the amount is too small, the slag forming ability can be sufficiently exhibited. Absent.
  • any binder can be used as long as it does not significantly affect the burning behavior of the composition.
  • the binder used in the present invention include metal salts of carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyxethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate, nitrocellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, and polyvinyl alcohol.
  • Polysaccharide derivatives such as guar gum and starch; organic binders such as calcium stearate; or inorganic binders such as molybdenum disulfide, acid clay, talc, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, silica, and alumina.
  • the binder is not essential, but adding an appropriate amount to the gas generating composition is very effective.
  • the compounding ratio is preferably in the range of 0 to 15% by weight. The larger the amount, the stronger the fracture strength of the molded body, but as the amount increases, the number of carbon elements and hydrogen elements in the composition increases, and a small amount of CO gas, which is an incomplete combustion product of carbon elements It is not preferable because the concentration of methane increases or the linear burning rate decreases.
  • the gas generating composition of the present invention can be produced by a dry method in which a fuel for a gas generating agent, an oxidizing agent, and the like are mixed in a powder form, or a wet method in which the fuel and the oxidizing agent are mixed in the presence of water or an organic solvent.
  • the gas generating composition of the present invention can be molded into a desired shape.
  • compression molding using a tableting machine to produce pellets compression molding using a disk molding machine to produce discs, grinding pellets to discs, or granulation using nahiure
  • it can be extruded using a drawing machine (extrusion molding machine) to make a drawn medicine (non-porous, single-hole, porous).
  • drawing machine extruded using a drawing machine (extrusion molding machine) to make a drawn medicine (non-porous, single-hole, porous).
  • it can be rolled and formed into a film or plate shape.
  • the binder does not need to be molded or only a small amount is required, so that there is a tendency that the flammability does not decrease.
  • the extrusion molding method is applied, it is easier to mold a thin web than the compression molding method, so that a molded product can be obtained even with a composition having a slow burning rate.
  • the extrusion molding method is suitable for mass production because molding can be performed in a relatively short time. In the case of a composition having a high burning rate, the size of the molded product can be increased, so that the production efficiency can be further increased.
  • a molded article having a complicated shape such as non-porous, single-pored, or porous can be manufactured, so that various combustion characteristics can be imparted.
  • the NOX reduction method according to the present invention provides an inflation system provided with a module case containing an inflation circuit and an airbag, a judgment circuit, a sensor, and the like, which are provided for protecting a human body mounted on an automobile, an aircraft, or the like. It can be applied to the overnight system.
  • a module case containing an inflation circuit and an airbag, a judgment circuit, a sensor, and the like, which are provided for protecting a human body mounted on an automobile, an aircraft, or the like. It can be applied to the overnight system.
  • Nitoroguanijin a (NQ) and strontium nitrate (S r (N0 3) 2 ) were mixed so that the compositions shown in Table 1. Then, about 2 g of the mixed powder was compression-molded with a hand brace machine. A strand having a diameter of 9.6 mm and a length of about 14 mm was obtained. table 1
  • Example 1 The strands of Example 1 were burned in the combinations shown in Table 2, and the gas after combustion was analyzed to confirm the NOX reduction effect of the present invention.
  • the strand was burned in a 1 liter combustion vessel by energizing the nichrome wire. The inside of the container was replaced with nitrogen, and the pressure was 5 O kgi / cm 2 .

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un procédé de réduction de la quantité d'oxydes d'azote générés lors de la combustion d'un agent générateur de gaz pour airbag. Ledit procédé consiste à brûler simultanément au moins deux types d'agents générateurs de gaz présentant des équilibres en oxygène différents. On réduit la quantité d'oxydes d'azote en faisant réagir un gaz oxydant et un gaz réducteur. La mise en oeuvre de ce procédé permet de réduire la quantité d'oxydes d'azote générés lors du brûlage d'un agent générateur de gaz pour airbag, ce qui permet de réduire les risques que font courir à l'occupant le déploiement de l'airbag, et donc d'améliorer la sécurité et la fiabilité d'un système de gonflage.
PCT/JP2000/000419 1999-01-27 2000-01-27 Procede de reduction des oxydes d'azote WO2000044691A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP11017965A JP2000211987A (ja) 1999-01-27 1999-01-27 ＮＯｘ低減方法
JP11/17965 1999-01-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000044691A1 true WO2000044691A1 (fr) 2000-08-03

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JP (1) JP2000211987A (fr)
WO (1) WO2000044691A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3814694A (en) * 1971-08-09 1974-06-04 Aerojet General Co Non-toxic gas generation
JPS63176387A (ja) * 1987-01-16 1988-07-20 ダイセル化学工業株式会社 ガス発生器
US5386775A (en) * 1993-06-22 1995-02-07 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Azide-free gas generant compositions and processes
EP0763511A2 (fr) * 1995-09-15 1997-03-19 Morton International, Inc. Compositions d'allumage pour générateurs de gaz exempt d'azoture
JPH09100191A (ja) * 1995-10-06 1997-04-15 Daicel Chem Ind Ltd ガス発生剤組成物

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3814694A (en) * 1971-08-09 1974-06-04 Aerojet General Co Non-toxic gas generation
JPS63176387A (ja) * 1987-01-16 1988-07-20 ダイセル化学工業株式会社 ガス発生器
US5386775A (en) * 1993-06-22 1995-02-07 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Azide-free gas generant compositions and processes
EP0763511A2 (fr) * 1995-09-15 1997-03-19 Morton International, Inc. Compositions d'allumage pour générateurs de gaz exempt d'azoture
JPH09100191A (ja) * 1995-10-06 1997-04-15 Daicel Chem Ind Ltd ガス発生剤組成物

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Publication number Publication date
JP2000211987A (ja) 2000-08-02

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