WO2000028485A1 - Systeme d'identite - Google Patents

Systeme d'identite Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2000028485A1
WO2000028485A1 PCT/GB1999/003722 GB9903722W WO0028485A1 WO 2000028485 A1 WO2000028485 A1 WO 2000028485A1 GB 9903722 W GB9903722 W GB 9903722W WO 0028485 A1 WO0028485 A1 WO 0028485A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
person
images
bar code
data
biometric
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1999/003722
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Leslie Sim
Andrew Drabble
Original Assignee
Identalink Uk Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9824468.4A external-priority patent/GB9824468D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9905299.5A external-priority patent/GB9905299D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9917955.8A external-priority patent/GB9917955D0/en
Application filed by Identalink Uk Limited filed Critical Identalink Uk Limited
Priority to GB0110974A priority Critical patent/GB2359173A/en
Priority to AU10606/00A priority patent/AU1060600A/en
Publication of WO2000028485A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000028485A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
    • G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/22—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder
    • G07C9/25—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition
    • G07C9/253—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition visually
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00 - G07C9/38
    • G07C2209/40—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/20 - G07C9/29
    • G07C2209/41—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/20 - G07C9/29 with means for the generation of identity documents

Definitions

  • This invention relates to identity systems.
  • a method of producing and using an identity system which method includes obtaining images of a plurality of persons, each of which images is obtained using a digital camera linked to a computer programmed to analyse the biometric data in the images to produce a template for each of the persons, converting the templates to multi-dimensional bar codes, applying the multidimensional bar codes to data carriers, and scanning the bar codes using scanning devices linked to display means for displaying the images.
  • a method of producing an identity device which method includes obtaining a plurality of images of a person, each of which images is obtained using a digital camera linked to a computer programmed to analyse the biometric data in the images to produce a plurality of biometric templates, one for each of said images, the computer further being programmed to assess the plurality of biometric templates associated with that person and to recognise differences between the templates, the computer then generating data concerning the two templates of maximum difference, which data is converted into a multi-dimensional bar code which is applied to a data carrier to produce the identity device.
  • the data carriers may be in the form of identification cards, bank cards, record sheets, airline boarding passes or the like, depending on the particular application of the system.
  • Each data carrier may also be printed with a digital photograph of the relevant person and/or other appropriate information.
  • the data carrier may also be a "SMART" card which incorporates a small denomination chip, e.g. a 1 k or 2k chip, for rewriteable data and the multi-dimensional bar code for fixed data.
  • SMART small denomination chip
  • the multi-dimensional bar code may additionally include biometric data concerning the voice and/or fingerprint of the person concerned.
  • the multidimensional bar code may also include information concerning any hand luggage being carried by that person.
  • a photograph of the hand luggage is preferably taken by a digital camera and the image of the luggage converted into data encrypted in the bar code.
  • the identity device carrying the multi-dimensional bar code may be scanned using a scanner linked to display means for displaying an image of the person for whom the identity device was issued.
  • a security system particularly an airport security system, which includes:- a) a digital camera for obtaining an image of a person at a first point, for example, a passenger checking in at an airport, b) a computer linked to the digital camera and programmed to analyse the biometric images obtained by the camera to produce a biometric template for each person and to convert the template into a multi-dimensional bar code, c) means for applying the multi-dimensional bar code to a data carrier, for example, a boarding pass, d) scanning means at a second point, for example, a departure gate or other departure point, for scanning the bar code on each data carrier, and e) display means linked to the scanning means to display the image associated with the bar code for comparison with the person or a photograph of the person presenting the data carrier.
  • the digital camera preferably obtains a plurality of images of each person and the computer is preferably programmed to assess the plurality of biometric templates associated with each person and to recognise differences between the templates, the computer then generating data concerning the two templates of maximum difference and this data being converted into the multi-dimensional bar code.
  • a method of affording security for example, at an airport, which method includes:- a) obtaining an image of each person at a first location, for example, of a person checking in at an airport, using a digital camera, b) providing a computer which is linked to the digital camera and is programmed to analyse the biometric data in the images to produce a biometric template for each person, c) converting the template to a multi-dimensional bar code, d) applying the multi-dimensional bar code to a data carrier, for example, a boarding pass, e) providing scanning means at a second location, for example, a departure gate or other departure point, for scanning the bar code on each data carrier, and f) providing display means linked to the scanning means to display the image associated with the bar code.
  • Means may be provided for comparing the image associated with the bar code with the image of the person presenting the data carrier, e.g. boarding pass.
  • all the information concerning the passengers on a particular aircraft can be collated and sent, either on a disc carried on the aircraft or by electronic transmission, to the airport at which the aircraft is due to land so that the information can also be used at the aircraft's destination.
  • the identity system of the present invention is capable of many applications, as described in detail below and involves two quite separate stages, i.e. the encryption stage, in which information is applied to a data carrier, and an interpretation stage, in which the information applied to the data carrier is interpreted.
  • an image of an individual is captured using a digital camera linked to a computer.
  • Four to six photographs will normally be taken at very short intervals of time and the biometric information obtained by the taking of the photographs is analysed in the computer using appropriate software, for example, the "TrueFace” TM software produced by Miros Inc. to produce templates.
  • the computer is programmed to analyse the biometric data in each of the images obtained by the digital camera and produces a plurality of biometric templates, one for each of the images. Although the images will all be taken in a matter of microseconds, there will be differences between the individual images and the computer is programmed to recognise differences between the templates. The computer determines which two of the templates are of maximum difference and then generates data concerning these two templates.
  • the template data is then compressed and added to data concerning the individual, e. g. name, address, date of birth, medical record, passport number, National Insurance number, etc
  • the data is then converted into a multi-dimensional bar code, e.g. a two-dimensional bar code in accordance with the PDF417 format of Symbol Technologies.
  • Other bar code formats may be employed, as desired, including three-dimensional bar codes when available.
  • biometric templates for the individual's voice and fingerprint are captured using proprietary software and added to the main programme for integration with the data which is converted into the multi-dimensional bar code.
  • the multi-dimensional bar code is then printed on to a data carrier, such as a bank card, identification card, record sheet, airline boarding pass or the like, together with a digital photograph of the individual concerned (if so required) and any other relevant information.
  • a data carrier such as a bank card, identification card, record sheet, airline boarding pass or the like
  • the two-dimensional bar code is scanned using a scanning device, for example, a scanning device produced by Symbol Technologies. Scanning may be effected using a card reader with a combined digital camera facility, so as to produce a photograph of the person corresponding to the bar code. Alternatively, scanning may be effected using a scanner directly linked to a computer connected to a monitor, e.g. a CCTV monitor, to display the image of the person concerned. If the bar code includes data concerning the voice and/or fingerprint of the person, a voice and/or fingerprint reading facility will be provided to enable a comparison to be made between the voice and/or fingerprint of a person presenting the data carrier and the person concerning whom the bar code contains the relative data.
  • a scanning device for example, a scanning device produced by Symbol Technologies. Scanning may be effected using a card reader with a combined digital camera facility, so as to produce a photograph of the person corresponding to the bar code. Alternatively, scanning may be effected using a scanner directly linked to a computer connected to
  • a series of images are captured from a live video feed used CCTV (or other form of digital camera) linked to a computer operating a face recognition programme.
  • the image capture process can be automatic or via a touch screen or mouse control.
  • the image is then cropped and the resulting face converted into a facial biometric template.
  • This template is then fed back to the live image where a further template is produced.
  • These two templates are then compiled to achieve either a match or a confidence level.
  • the methodology employed will only allow the process to occur if the following conditions are in place:- a) the verification (confidence) level which is achieved is at or above a pre-set threshold which is adjustable by the operator, b) the template will be retained if it falls within a range of sizes that do not exceed the storage medium capacity; this is a variable factor and under the control of the operator, and c) in the event of a poor or low value template being produced there may be a situation where, despite further attempts, the template fails to reach the desired value. In this situation, the template, when stored, will have added to it text information confirming the value and asking for visual comparison with the photograph (if stored).
  • this will be converted into the storage medium, i.e. multi-dimensional bar code, smart card or combination, along with other information depending on the exact system requirements.
  • the biometric data is read by a scanner, smart card reader or other device and entered into the program.
  • the stored template is then compared to rapidly generated templates taken from a live person.
  • the verification system will automatically compare the stored template to the newly generated templates until such time as the templates either have a perfect match or the new templates reach a pre-set threshold.
  • the photograph taken at the time of enrolment can be displayed.
  • the process will take only a matter of microseconds to complete and, on verification, the card holder will be granted access.
  • the exception to the above is where the initial enrolment template fell below the threshold. In this case, an operator will be asked to confirm the photograph visually and view the individual verification (confidence) level which will be displayed alongside the photograph.
  • a passenger 10 presents a ticket at the check-in desk 1 1 and details of the passenger and journey are entered in a computer.
  • the passenger 10 is identified by using a touch screen, which captures a photograph plus a templifying image.
  • a motorised digital camera 12 is mounted so that it can be angled to capture all heights of passengers and wheelchair occupants. The head height of the passenger 10 is recorded at this point to speed up the verification process at the departure gate.
  • the check-in desk operator then carries out the same procedure with the passenger's luggage, which is viewed from a separate video camera.
  • a boarding pass 13 is then printed with a two-dimensional bar code containing two facial templates, a colour head and shoulders photograph, photographs of luggage, including hand luggage, and all passenger and flight information recorded at the time of check- in.
  • the recorded details may include any medical, allergy or dietary information.
  • Provision may also be made within the storage area to store further biometric data if required, for example, concerning the hand, finger, voice or iris of the passenger.
  • the bar codes may be, for example, QR and AZTEC code, and can be printed in clusters of either three or four. Each individual 3 X 3 cm. Block has 1200+ bytes of data, providing a total of 3600 or 4800 bytes.
  • Luggage tags are then printed and attached. These contain standard bar codes for automated routing but, in addition, they are printed with the same basic passenger and flight information shown on the boarding pass 13.
  • the passenger 10 When called, the passenger 10 presents the boarding pass 13 at the boarding gate 14, where the boarding pass 13 is scanned with an image reader.
  • a camera 15 focused on the departure gate then captures a live image of the passenger 10 to compare with the stored template.
  • the boarding gate operator is able to view a colour photograph of the passenger plus acknowledgement of verification in an appropriate language. In the event of non-verification, a message will appear in an appropriate language and the passenger will be advised that they need staff intervention. Officers can use a photo image to manually verify a passenger.
  • the invention provides a number of benefits, including the following:-
  • an identity card or bank card can be produced at a fraction of the cost of a smart card

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un principe fonctionnel de système d'identité. On commence par prendre des vues d'une pluralité d'individus (10) se trouvant dans un premier lieu (11). On utilise à cet effet une caméra numérique (12) reliée à un ordinateur. Ce dernier est programmé pour réaliser une analyse biométrique d'après les images de façon à produire pour chaque individu un templet. On convertit ensuite les templets en codes à barres en plusieurs dimensions que l'on applique à des supports de données (13). On fait enfin une lecture optique des codes à barres sur les supports de données (13) en un second emplacement (14) en utilisant à cet effet des organes de lecture optique reliés à des organes d'affichage de façon à afficher les images.
PCT/GB1999/003722 1998-11-07 1999-11-08 Systeme d'identite WO2000028485A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0110974A GB2359173A (en) 1998-11-07 1999-11-08 Identity system
AU10606/00A AU1060600A (en) 1998-11-07 1999-11-08 Identity system

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9824468.4 1998-11-07
GBGB9824468.4A GB9824468D0 (en) 1998-11-07 1998-11-07 Identity systems
GB9905299.5 1999-03-08
GBGB9905299.5A GB9905299D0 (en) 1999-03-08 1999-03-08 Identity systems
GB9917955.8 1999-07-31
GBGB9917955.8A GB9917955D0 (en) 1999-07-31 1999-07-31 Identity systems

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000028485A1 true WO2000028485A1 (fr) 2000-05-18

Family

ID=27269544

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1999/003722 WO2000028485A1 (fr) 1998-11-07 1999-11-08 Systeme d'identite

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU1060600A (fr)
GB (1) GB2359173A (fr)
WO (1) WO2000028485A1 (fr)

Cited By (30)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2363358A (en) * 2000-06-16 2001-12-19 James Henderson Mitchell Identity and shop discount card with bar code
JP2002008070A (ja) * 2000-06-26 2002-01-11 Toshiba Corp 通行審査システム
WO2002033664A1 (fr) * 2000-10-16 2002-04-25 Italdata Ingegneria Dell'idea S.P.A. Dispositif peripherique permettant d'acquerir des donnees biometriques et personnelles, en particulier pour preparer des documents de reconnaissance
GB2378292A (en) * 2001-04-19 2003-02-05 Chown Peter A C A bar-code personal identification system
EP1318481A1 (fr) * 2001-12-06 2003-06-11 Sagem SA Procédé et système de filtrage de sûreté de passagers d'un réseau de transport en commun
EP1318485A1 (fr) * 2001-12-06 2003-06-11 Sagem SA Procédé et système de filtrage de sûreté d'usagers d'un réseau de transport en commun
EP1318482A2 (fr) * 2001-12-07 2003-06-11 Hitachi, Ltd. Contrôle d'émigration et d'immigration
FR2835075A1 (fr) * 2002-01-23 2003-07-25 Ier Procede de controle d'acces a une zone sensible, notamment a un appareil de transport, par verification biometrique
EP1479033A2 (fr) * 2002-02-01 2004-11-24 Amnon Rasin Carte d'embarquement personnalisee
EP1546882A1 (fr) * 2002-09-16 2005-06-29 Avery Dennison Corporation Systeme et procede de creation d'une carte de presentation
WO2006052192A3 (fr) * 2004-11-11 2006-10-26 Speed Identity Ab Unite photographique
US7172113B2 (en) 2002-09-16 2007-02-06 Avery Dennison Corporation System and method for creating a display card
EP2016553A2 (fr) * 2006-05-09 2009-01-21 Ticketmaster Appareil de gestion et de traitement d'accès
EP2390845A1 (fr) * 2010-05-25 2011-11-30 AEROPORTO VALERIO CATULLO DI VERONA VILLAFRANCA S.p.A. Appareil de point de contrôle pour gérer l'accès aux zones à accès restreint
US8126991B2 (en) 2007-09-04 2012-02-28 Ticketmaster, Llc Methods and systems for validating real time network communications
US8510138B2 (en) 2009-03-06 2013-08-13 Ticketmaster Llc Networked barcode verification system
US8668568B2 (en) 2005-04-27 2014-03-11 Ticketmaster, L.L.C. Methods and systems for determining user location
WO2014060227A1 (fr) * 2012-10-18 2014-04-24 Morpho Appairage d'un objet et d'un detenteur de cet objet
DE202014106143U1 (de) * 2014-12-18 2016-01-25 Airport Consulting International, Aci Gmbh Sicherheitssystem
US9286592B2 (en) 2006-12-07 2016-03-15 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. Methods and systems for access control using a networked turnstile
US9477820B2 (en) 2003-12-09 2016-10-25 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. Systems and methods for using unique device identifiers to enhance security
US9740988B1 (en) 2002-12-09 2017-08-22 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. System and method for using unique device indentifiers to enhance security
US9762685B2 (en) 2005-04-27 2017-09-12 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. Location-based task execution for enhanced data access
CN107358684A (zh) * 2017-06-08 2017-11-17 太仓市智威智能科技有限公司 一种小区访客系统
US9912653B2 (en) 2007-09-04 2018-03-06 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. Controlled token distribution to protect against malicious data and resource access
CN108076295A (zh) * 2017-12-15 2018-05-25 北京五特自动化工程有限公司 一种高效率的基于多维码的机器视觉通信系统
CN108597075A (zh) * 2018-04-12 2018-09-28 广东汇泰龙科技有限公司 一种基于双摄像头云锁的监狱监控警报方法及系统
US10299189B2 (en) 2005-04-27 2019-05-21 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. Location-based task execution for enhanced data access
US10348708B2 (en) 2006-12-07 2019-07-09 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. Short-range device interactions for facilitating partial uses of clustered access rights
US10366373B1 (en) 2002-12-09 2019-07-30 Live Nation Entertainment, Incorporated Apparatus for access control and processing

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CA2411335A1 (fr) * 2001-11-08 2003-05-08 Accu-Time Systems, Inc. Controle d'acces aux aeroports base sur l'identification biometrique
GB2402249A (en) * 2003-03-28 2004-12-01 Qinetiq Ltd Integrated passenger management system using biometric sensors and a mm wave camera
GB2517949A (en) * 2013-09-05 2015-03-11 Masabi Ltd Ticket authorisation

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Cited By (60)

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GB2363358B (en) * 2000-06-16 2002-11-06 James Henderson Mitchell Wolfdale global clubcard and shop discount card
GB2363358A (en) * 2000-06-16 2001-12-19 James Henderson Mitchell Identity and shop discount card with bar code
EP1170705A3 (fr) * 2000-06-26 2003-10-29 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Système de contrôle des entrées et sorties
JP2002008070A (ja) * 2000-06-26 2002-01-11 Toshiba Corp 通行審査システム
US6786401B2 (en) 2000-06-26 2004-09-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Passing examination system & passing examination method
WO2002033664A1 (fr) * 2000-10-16 2002-04-25 Italdata Ingegneria Dell'idea S.P.A. Dispositif peripherique permettant d'acquerir des donnees biometriques et personnelles, en particulier pour preparer des documents de reconnaissance
US7254258B2 (en) 2000-10-16 2007-08-07 Italdata Ingegneria Dell'idea S.P.A. Peripheral device for acquiring biometric and personal data particularly for preparing recognition documents
GB2378292A (en) * 2001-04-19 2003-02-05 Chown Peter A C A bar-code personal identification system
WO2003049043A1 (fr) * 2001-12-06 2003-06-12 Sagem Sa Procede et systeme de filtrage de surete d'usagers d'un reseau de transport en commun
EP1318485A1 (fr) * 2001-12-06 2003-06-11 Sagem SA Procédé et système de filtrage de sûreté d'usagers d'un réseau de transport en commun
EP1318481A1 (fr) * 2001-12-06 2003-06-11 Sagem SA Procédé et système de filtrage de sûreté de passagers d'un réseau de transport en commun
US7190254B2 (en) 2001-12-07 2007-03-13 Hitachi, Ltd. Emigrant reception system, emigrant gate system, emigrant control system, emigrant control method, passport applicant information management method, layout of emigrant gate, immigrant reception system, immigrant gate system, immigrant control system, immigrant control method, layout of immigrant gate system, and passport
EP1318482A3 (fr) * 2001-12-07 2004-02-04 Hitachi, Ltd. Contrôle d'émigration et d'immigration
EP1318482A2 (fr) * 2001-12-07 2003-06-11 Hitachi, Ltd. Contrôle d'émigration et d'immigration
FR2835075A1 (fr) * 2002-01-23 2003-07-25 Ier Procede de controle d'acces a une zone sensible, notamment a un appareil de transport, par verification biometrique
WO2003063092A1 (fr) * 2002-01-23 2003-07-31 I.E.R. Procede de control d'access a une zone sensible, notamment a un appareil de transport, par verification biometrique
EP1479033A2 (fr) * 2002-02-01 2004-11-24 Amnon Rasin Carte d'embarquement personnalisee
EP1479033A4 (fr) * 2002-02-01 2008-11-26 Amnon Rasin Carte d'embarquement personnalisee
US7172113B2 (en) 2002-09-16 2007-02-06 Avery Dennison Corporation System and method for creating a display card
EP1546882A4 (fr) * 2002-09-16 2006-08-02 Avery Dennison Corp Systeme et procede de creation d'une carte de presentation
EP1546882A1 (fr) * 2002-09-16 2005-06-29 Avery Dennison Corporation Systeme et procede de creation d'une carte de presentation
US10402580B2 (en) 2002-12-09 2019-09-03 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. System and method for using unique device identifiers to enhance security
US10366373B1 (en) 2002-12-09 2019-07-30 Live Nation Entertainment, Incorporated Apparatus for access control and processing
US10878118B2 (en) 2002-12-09 2020-12-29 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. System and method for using unique device identifiers to enhance security
US9978023B2 (en) 2002-12-09 2018-05-22 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. System and method for using unique device identifiers to enhance security
US9740988B1 (en) 2002-12-09 2017-08-22 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. System and method for using unique device indentifiers to enhance security
US9686241B1 (en) 2002-12-09 2017-06-20 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. System and method for using unique device identifiers to enhance security
US11593501B2 (en) 2002-12-09 2023-02-28 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. System and method for using unique device identifiers to enhance security
US9477820B2 (en) 2003-12-09 2016-10-25 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. Systems and methods for using unique device identifiers to enhance security
WO2006052192A3 (fr) * 2004-11-11 2006-10-26 Speed Identity Ab Unite photographique
US9762685B2 (en) 2005-04-27 2017-09-12 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. Location-based task execution for enhanced data access
US11622017B2 (en) 2005-04-27 2023-04-04 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. Location based task execution for enhanced data access
US10299189B2 (en) 2005-04-27 2019-05-21 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. Location-based task execution for enhanced data access
US10862983B2 (en) 2005-04-27 2020-12-08 Live National Entertainment, Inc. Location-based task execution for enhanced data access
US8668568B2 (en) 2005-04-27 2014-03-11 Ticketmaster, L.L.C. Methods and systems for determining user location
EP2016553A4 (fr) * 2006-05-09 2011-06-29 Ticketmaster Appareil de gestion et de traitement d'accès
AU2007282165B2 (en) * 2006-05-09 2012-07-26 Ticketmaster Apparatus for access control and processing
EP2016553A2 (fr) * 2006-05-09 2009-01-21 Ticketmaster Appareil de gestion et de traitement d'accès
US9286592B2 (en) 2006-12-07 2016-03-15 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. Methods and systems for access control using a networked turnstile
US10348708B2 (en) 2006-12-07 2019-07-09 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. Short-range device interactions for facilitating partial uses of clustered access rights
US11533302B2 (en) 2006-12-07 2022-12-20 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. Partial uses of clustered access rights
US9280751B2 (en) 2007-09-04 2016-03-08 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. Methods and systems for validating real time network communications
US11516200B2 (en) 2007-09-04 2022-11-29 Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. Controlled token distribution to protect against malicious data and resource access
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