WO2000020156A1 - Verfahren zur aluminothermischen verbindungsschweissung zweier auf lücke verlegter schienen und giessform zur durchführung des verfahrens - Google Patents
Verfahren zur aluminothermischen verbindungsschweissung zweier auf lücke verlegter schienen und giessform zur durchführung des verfahrens Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000020156A1 WO2000020156A1 PCT/EP1999/007448 EP9907448W WO0020156A1 WO 2000020156 A1 WO2000020156 A1 WO 2000020156A1 EP 9907448 W EP9907448 W EP 9907448W WO 0020156 A1 WO0020156 A1 WO 0020156A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- casting mold
- space
- head
- riser
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001503987 Clematis vitalba Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002255 vaccination Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000003739 neck Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K23/00—Alumino-thermic welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/26—Railway- or like rails
Definitions
- the invention first relates to a method for the aluminothermic connection welding of two rails laid in a gap, in which the steel produced aluminothermally in a crucible is poured into an at least two-part casting mold surrounding the rail ends and the space between the rail ends while filling up a free space provided above the rail head and in the molded parts provided fillers.
- the melt jet loses kinetic and thermal energy at the top of the bar, which acts as an impact surface. Furthermore, in the ascending direction of flow at the rail ends, no reliable melting of the rail end surfaces can be achieved.
- This object is achieved in that when a two-part mold is used, the steel is poured in via a single flux riser provided in the one molded part and connected to the head space of the mold and the footwell of the mold, and in the other molded part steel is connected via at least one connected to the footwell and flows out at least one riser connected to the head space of the casting mold. Since the melt jet is introduced directly into the river riser without first hitting a bar and from there is deflected into the mold cavity, the necessary preheating energy can be reduced by applying a burner to the mold and / or the weight of the portion to be melted.
- the steel By guiding the melt flows in the mold according to the invention the steel at least in the foot area and in the head area horizontally or slightly rising from the sprue side past the rail joint. In this way, the areas in the center of the foot and head that tend to cold welding can be subjected to increased heat from hot melting steel.
- the flow velocities or flow quantities of the transverse flows of the melt according to the invention can be set by the sizes of the assigned inlet and outlet cross sections.
- steel flows out of the head space via two risers.
- a head alloy is provided in that the hardness-forming alloy additives are alloyed over the bar in the casting mold. From the description it can be seen that there is at least an inherently undesirable alloying of the web. If the welding in the head part is to be alloyed in the present procedure, the cross-flow in the head part largely prevents the web from alloying, since excess alloy material is discharged into the head climber (s).
- the hardness-forming alloy additives can be arranged in the inlet to the head, in the head space itself and / or in the free space above the head.
- the invention is also directed to a casting mold for carrying out the method.
- this is characterized in that, in the case of a two-part casting mold, a single footstool formed in one molded part is connected via a channel to the head space of the casting mold and via a channel at least to the footwell and in the other molded part at least the footwell is connected to a riser and the Headspace are connected to at least one other riser.
- Claim 7 is directed to a preferred embodiment of the casting mold according to the invention.
- the different cross-sections of the rail head and rail foot play a particularly important role in the connection welding of rails, since the steel filling the casting cavity in the region of the rail foot cools faster than the steel in the region of the rail head. This can lead to different microstructures in the two areas of the joint weld; the risk of void formation is possible.
- Claims 8-10 are directed to preferred molds in which these problems essentially do not occur.
- the feeder chambers are assigned a feeder channel designed as a knife gate, which essentially covers the entire foot and the transition radius from foot to web.
- a knife gate which essentially covers the entire foot and the transition radius from foot to web.
- the claim 12 is directed to a casting system in which the crucible is placed on the mold in such a way that the pouring column is extended.
- the steel In addition to increasing the casting speed, it is possible for the steel to flow in with the exclusion of air, which means that the steel is expected to be of high purity and less energy losses.
- This casting system could also be used to advantage with other types of casting molds.
- the claim 13 is directed to a method in which a rapid cooling of the steel entering the free space above the rail head is achieved.
- the claim 14 relates to a preferred method, in which not only cooling, but also a hardening alloy of the rail head takes place.
- the claim 15 is directed to a correspondingly designed mold.
- Fig. 1 a vertical section transverse to the direction of the rail through a casting mold assembled above the rails with a long-term crucible arranged at a distance from the casting mold and a suspended alloy carrier,
- Fig. 2. a section corresponding to Fig.2. to show the sectional planes of the following figures. 3 - 6.
- Fig. 3-6 horizontal sections according to the lines III-III ⁇ / I-VI in Fig. 2, Fig. 7. a supervision of the casting mold according to Fig.1.
- Fig. 8. a cut cf. Fig. 1. with a disposable crucible placed on the mold.
- the mold 1 consists of a first mold part 2 and a second mold part 3, which surround the rail ends to be welded.
- the two mold parts 2 and 3 determine a head space K assigned to the rail head, a web space S assigned to the rail web and a foot space F assigned to the rail foot, and a free space FF which adjoins the head space K at the top and is open at the top.
- a flux riser 4 with an inlet funnel 5 is provided in the first casting part 2.
- the river riser 4 is connected to the head space K via a channel 6, preferably to the lower area thereof.
- the lower Inde of the river riser 4 is designed as a feed chamber 7, which is connected to the footwell F via a feed neck 8 designed as a knife gate. (see in particular Fig. 1 and Fig. 6.)
- the second mold part 3 there is a riser 9 connected to the footwell, the lower Inde of which is designed as a feeder chamber 10.
- the feeder chamber 10 is also connected to the footwell F via a feeder neck 11 designed as a knife gate.
- the volume of the feeder chamber 8 is preferably smaller than the volume of the feeder chamber 11, since the feeder chamber 10 is filled with less hot melt.
- Two further risers 12 and 13 are arranged opposite one another on different sides of the riser 9 and are connected to the head space K, again preferably to the lower area thereof.
- the cross section of the risers 12 and 13 is in each case preferably larger than the cross section of the head climber 9.
- the mold parts 2 and 3 are provided on their top with edges 14 and 15, respectively, which the slag in Fig.1. drain to the right and left in slag pans 16 and 17.
- an inclined guide and holding notch 18 is preferably provided, into which a tube 19 is inserted at its front section 19a with alloy additives.
- the front section 19a of the tube extends across the rail head in the free space FF.
- the middle section 19b of the tube is pressed flat and in the from the Fig.1. clearly angled.
- the rear pipe section 9c is not pressed flat and serves as a handling handle.
- the free space FF has a cross-sectional reduction at its upper inde, as shown in Fig.1. and 2. can be seen.
- the container for receiving the alloy carriers can also have a shape other than a tube; Cans or cans are also suitable.
- a cone-like long-term crucible 20 is held, from which, after the aluminothermic mass has ignited, the melted steel and melting of the stopper 21 held in a stopper carrier, the bottom of the crucible flows into the funnel 5 in a free jet.
- the steel flow from the feeder chamber 7 via the footwell F to the feeder chamber 10 builds up a flow with a substantial horizontal component and / or a slightly increasing component and steel flows into the web space F. Melt rises from riser 9 in riser 9.
- the steel flow from the connecting channel 6 via the head space K to the inlet openings in the ends of the risers 12 and 13 angled toward the head space builds up a cross flow with an essentially horizontal component.
- the free space FF is filled and melts the pipe section 19a.
- the cross flow impedes the diffusion of alloy material into the rail web.
- the risers 12 and 13 are filled up.
- the slag flowing in from the crucible flows into the slag dishes 16 and 17.
- the flow velocities or the amounts of the transverse flows are determined by the ratio of the cross sections of the flux riser 4, the connecting channel 6, the head risers 12 and 13 on the one hand and the flux riser 4, the riser necks 8 and 10 and the riser 9 on the other hand.
- the right mold part 2 ' has a different design.
- the refractory material is drawn beyond the edge height and at the upper end of the flux feeder 4 'an annular or angular recess 22 is formed, into which an extension 23 of a cylindrical disposable crucible 20' placed on the casting mold 1 'engages.
- the pouring plug 21 ' is arranged in the tubular extension. In this casting system, the casting column extends into the crucible and the steel can flow into the flux riser 4 'in the absence of air.
- the slag can remain in the crucible, since the columns forming in risers 9, 12 and 13 can hydrostatically support the lighter slag column in the crucible.
- the same positive engagement can also be provided in a long-term crucible.
- a suitable adapter piece can also be used for the coherent, tight connection between the long-term crucible or disposable crucible.
- the molten steel causes the heat introduced to spread through heat conduction in the longitudinal direction of the rail. Since the refractory mold surrounding the rail joint can only be removed after the protruding weld bead has been sheared off, an unsatisfactory heat-affected zone and thus a large hardness valley can form in the two opposite rail ends.
- the welding bead can only be sheared off when the molten phase has solidified in the free space above the rail head.
- At least one cooling iron or heat sink 24 is inserted into the space FF above the head before filling the free space FF or even before the rails are preheated, as shown in dotted lines in the figure.
- the heat sink 24 extracts heat from the incoming steel, preferably melting itself.
- the cooling iron 24 consists of the actual heat sink 24a, a handle 24b and a support 24c.
- the heat sink 24a can be cylindrical or cuboid, for example.
- Such a cooling iron can also be used in the embodiment according to FIG. be used.
- a corresponding recess would then have to be provided for the support 24c in the casting mold part 2 '.
- the heat sink 24 must of course be arranged above the tube 19 in the free space FF.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP99970043A EP1121221A1 (de) | 1998-10-06 | 1999-10-06 | Verfahren zur aluminothermischen verbindungsschweissung zweier auf lücke verlegter schienen und giessform zur durchführung des verfahrens |
AU11516/00A AU1151600A (en) | 1998-10-06 | 1999-10-06 | Method for aluminothermic joint welding of two rails separated by a gap and casting mold for implementing said method |
DE19981958T DE19981958D2 (de) | 1998-10-06 | 1999-10-06 | Verfahren zur aluminothermischen Verbindungsschweissung zweier auf Lücke verlegter Schienen und Giessform zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19845897 | 1998-10-06 | ||
DE19845897.5 | 1998-10-06 | ||
DE19849454A DE19849454A1 (de) | 1998-10-06 | 1998-10-28 | Verfahren zur aluminothermischen Verbindungsschweißung zweier auf Lücke verlegter Schienen und Gießform zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
DE19849454.8 | 1998-10-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000020156A1 true WO2000020156A1 (de) | 2000-04-13 |
Family
ID=26049315
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1999/007448 WO2000020156A1 (de) | 1998-10-06 | 1999-10-06 | Verfahren zur aluminothermischen verbindungsschweissung zweier auf lücke verlegter schienen und giessform zur durchführung des verfahrens |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1121221A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU1151600A (de) |
DE (1) | DE19981958D2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000020156A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE20006983U1 (de) * | 2000-04-17 | 2001-06-07 | Elektro-Thermit GmbH & Co. KG, 45139 Essen | Vorrichtung zur aluminothermischen Verschweißung zweier Schienenenden |
CN102554187A (zh) * | 2012-02-08 | 2012-07-11 | 中国铁道科学研究院金属及化学研究所 | 钢轨铝热焊接系统及方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT370664B (de) * | 1980-11-14 | 1983-04-25 | Wagner Elektrothermit | Giessform fuer die aluminothermische schienenschweissung |
US5215139A (en) * | 1991-11-08 | 1993-06-01 | Orgo-Thermit Inc. | Method and mold for aluminothermic welding of rails |
GB2317358A (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 1998-03-25 | Elektro Thermit Gmbh | Adding alloying additives to an aluminothermically produced weld |
DE19637283A1 (de) * | 1996-09-13 | 1998-03-26 | Elektro Thermit Gmbh | Verfahren zum aluminothermischen Zwischengußschweißen von Schienen mit Auflegierung des Stahlgusses im Schienenkopfbereich |
-
1999
- 1999-10-06 AU AU11516/00A patent/AU1151600A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-10-06 DE DE19981958T patent/DE19981958D2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-10-06 EP EP99970043A patent/EP1121221A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-10-06 WO PCT/EP1999/007448 patent/WO2000020156A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT370664B (de) * | 1980-11-14 | 1983-04-25 | Wagner Elektrothermit | Giessform fuer die aluminothermische schienenschweissung |
US5215139A (en) * | 1991-11-08 | 1993-06-01 | Orgo-Thermit Inc. | Method and mold for aluminothermic welding of rails |
GB2317358A (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 1998-03-25 | Elektro Thermit Gmbh | Adding alloying additives to an aluminothermically produced weld |
DE19637283A1 (de) * | 1996-09-13 | 1998-03-26 | Elektro Thermit Gmbh | Verfahren zum aluminothermischen Zwischengußschweißen von Schienen mit Auflegierung des Stahlgusses im Schienenkopfbereich |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE20006983U1 (de) * | 2000-04-17 | 2001-06-07 | Elektro-Thermit GmbH & Co. KG, 45139 Essen | Vorrichtung zur aluminothermischen Verschweißung zweier Schienenenden |
CN102554187A (zh) * | 2012-02-08 | 2012-07-11 | 中国铁道科学研究院金属及化学研究所 | 钢轨铝热焊接系统及方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU1151600A (en) | 2000-04-26 |
DE19981958D2 (de) | 2003-05-22 |
EP1121221A1 (de) | 2001-08-08 |
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