Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
  • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/60—Salicylic acid; Derivatives thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/66—Phosphorus compounds
  • A61K31/675—Phosphorus compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. pyridoxal phosphate
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P39/00—General protective or antinoxious agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/12—Antihypertensives

Definitions

• This invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions and combinations, and uses thereof in medical treatment. More specifically, it relates to treatment of hypertension and to pharmaceutical compositions and combinations useful therein, especially treatment of hypertension in human patients on NSAID treatment.
• U.S. Patent 4 , 374 , 841 reports that pyridine derivatives such as 4 , 5 - dihydroxyme t hy1 - 3 - [2 -hydroxy- 3 - ( 2 - methylphenoxyethylamino) -propoxy] -2-methylpyridine and 4,5- dihydroxyethyl-3- [2 -hydroxy-3 - (2 -methoxyphenoxyethylamino) - propoxy] -2-methyl-pyridine reduce the epinephrine-increased blood pressure in dogs .
• the present invention is based upon the discovery that vitamin B 6 and derivatives thereof attenuate the hypertension induced by anti-inflammatory drugs such as the NSAIDs. Blood pressure in hypertensive mammals is significantly and rapidly reduced by administration to the patient of vitamin B 6 or derivative supplement . Meta analysis of various studies indicates that the ingestion of NSAIDs attenuates the anti- hypertensive effect of a variety of anti-hypertensive drugs such as ⁇ -blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and diuretics, which reduces or even negates the usefulness of such drugs as anti-hypertensives when NSAIDs are also used.
• anti-inflammatory drugs such as the NSAIDs.
• a method of alleviating hypertension in a mammalian patient who has hypertension under treatment by NSAIDs which comprises administering to the patient an effective amount of a vitamin B 6 supplement or vitamin B 6 derivative supplement.
• the present invention provides a process of treating a mammalian patient in need of the beneficial effects of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) without causing excessive hypertension in the patient, which comprises administering to the patient an effective amount of an NSAID in conjunction with a vitamin B 6 supplement or vitamin B 6 derivative supplement.
• NSAID non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
• the invention provides pharmaceutical compositions for treating NSAID-induced hypertension in aged mammalian patients, comprising an effective amount of a vitamin B 6 supplement or vitamin B 6 derivative supplement .
• the present invention is particularly suitable for use with elderly human patients, and this is its preferred application.
• the patient is ingesting anti-inflammatory drugs, including over-the-counter anti- inflammatory drugs, e.g. for treatment of osteo or rheumatoid arthritis, and (ii) in age-related hypertension in the elderly.
• the invention is not so limited and provides beneficial effects for substantially all mammalian patients suffering from hypertension.
• Specific NSAIDs which may be used in the present invention include diclofenac, indomethacin, the various anti-inflammatory acetylsalicylates (e.g.
• sulindac sulindac
• alclofenac amfenac
• piroxicam naproxen
• fenoprofen ibuprofen
• ketoprofen flurbiprofen
• alminoprofen ketorolac
• GOBAB GOBAB (3-amino-4-hydroxybutyric acid)
• amixetrine diflunisal, mefenamic acid, phenylbutazone , tiaprofenic acid and tolmetin.
• diclofenac indomethacin and the acetylsalicylates.
• the vitamin B 6 derivatives contemplated for use in the present invention are those which are chemical modifications of vitamin B 6 , sometimes formed in the body as metabolites thereof, and having the same ring nucleus, for example pyridoxal-5- phosphate, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine, 4-pyridoxic acid, etc.
• the vitamin B 6 supplement used in the present invention is preferably pyridoxine in any of its pharmaceutically acceptable forms, such as pyridoxine hydrochloride addition salt.
• the amount of vitamin B 6 compound or supplement used in the present invention is preferably from about 10 mg to about 500 mg, most preferably from about 50 to about 100 mg, per 70 kg of body weight of the patient, of vitamin B 6 pyridoxine hydrochloride, or related compound acting as a vitamin B 6 (or derivative) supplement, for administration on a daily or twice daily basis, to an adult human patient.
• the amount of NSAID administered to the patient, in the process of the invention does not normally change from the prescribed dosage being used to treat the inflammatory condition in the absence of the vitamin B 6 (or derivative) supplement.
• a patient taking a daily dosage of, say, 500 mg of naproxen to treat or alleviate an underlying inflammatory condition continues to take the same prescribed 500 mg thereof supplemented by vitamin B 6 or derivative in the process of the invention.
• Suitable prescribed doses vary widely according to the chose of NSAID, the underlying conditions it is intended to alleviate, and factors concerning the individual patient . Generally appropriate dosage ranges may be found by consulting standard reference pharmacopeias, and thus are well within the skill of the art.
• indomethacin is commonly prescribed for rheumatoid arthritis at an oral dosage rate of 75-200 mg per day, in three separate doses per day.
• Diclofenac is commonly prescribed for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, at a daily oral dosage rate of 75-150mg, in three separate doses per day.
• Acetylsalicylates are generally administered in higher dosages, such as 650 mg, four to six times per day as necessary to alleviate the symptoms. The same NSAID dosage rates as prescribed, are continued in the process and formulations of the invention.
• a specific preferred embodiment of the present invention is a dosage form pharmaceutical composition for administration to patients requiring NSAID therapy, comprising in combination an effective amount of an NSAID and an amount of vitamin B 6 (or derivative) supplement effective to alleviate the hypertensive effects of the NSAID.
• a formulation suitably takes the form of an orally administrable tablet or capsule, with appropriate inert, tablet forming ingredients.
• the amount of NSAID in such a tablet or capsule may be in the range of 25-1000 mg, depending on choice of NSAID, condition to be treated, frequency of administration, etc.
• the amount of vitamin B 6 (or derivative) supplement in such a tablet or capsule may be in the range 10-500 mg.
• Such a combined drug formulation provides effective therapy upon administration.
• compositions which comprise a combination of the NSAID and the vitamin B 6 or derivaative, e.g. in a tablet or capsule form, along with suitable pharmaceutical carriers, diluents, excipients and the like, for oral administration
• suitable pharmaceutical carriers, diluents, excipients and the like for oral administration
• the active ingredients namely the NSAID and vitamin B 6 or derivative
• the combined or sequential administration may be via the oral route, or alternatively parenterally, intramuscularly, rectally, transcutaneously or nasally.
• Formulations of the compositions of the present invention for such forms of administration are standard and within the skill of the pharmaceutical compounders art.
• Vitamin B 6 is a known but not commonly prescribed anti- hypertensive agent, although not previously known to be effective in the presence of NSAIDs.
• a substantial advantage of its use is that it is known to be non-toxic and to lack side effects in the proposed human dosage of up to 600 mg/person/day, having previously been so used, for example, in long term treatment of chronic anemia.
• Vitamin B 6 deficiency-induced hypertensive rats prepared according to the procedures of Paulose et al . , cited above were used in acute experiments. They were injected with varying doses of diclofenac and the changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP) were monitored by tail cuff plethysmography .
• SBP systolic blood pressure
• intraperitoneal injection of diclofenac sodium dose, 1 mg/kg body weight
• a higher dose (3 mg/kg) elevated SBP by 28 mm Hg, which also occurred one hour after injection.
• a larger dose (10 mg/kg) caused an increase of SBP of similar magnitude but the effect lasted for 2 hours.
• the effect of oral administration of a vitamin B 6 supplement (2.5 or 5 times the daily requirement) on SBP of older rats was examined.
• the rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 was continued on the same commercial rat chow ration.
• Group 2 was fed the same diet containing diclofenac (100 mg per kg diet) .
• Group 3 was fed the commercial rat chow diet containing a vitamin B 6 supplement (2.5 or 5 times the daily requirement for vitamin B 6 ⁇ i.e. 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg respectively) .
• Group 4 was fed diclofenac as in Group 2 but also had the vitamin B 6 supplement in the same amounts. The animals consume about 15 grams of chow per day.
• the SBPs were determined on days 0 (6 hours after start of feeding) , 1 and 7, at the same time (late afternoon) for each measurement. The results are given in Tables 1(a) for 2.5 times vitamin B 6 supplement and in Table 1(b) for 5 times vitamin B 6 supplement. In the Tables, each value is the mean ⁇ S.E.M. of 5 rats. Body weight is indicated by B.Wt. , systolic blood pressure by SPB and heart rate by HR. Table 1(a)
• Example 3 The experiments reported in Example 3 were essentially repeated using a different et of essentially the same animals, but substituting indomethacin at the same amounts, for diclofenac. Each experiment used 1.5 times vitamin B 6 supplement. The results are given in Table 2, corresponding to the previous Tables . TABLE 2
• Vitamin B 6 supplementation decreased the SBP of rats. This was quite significant in rats getting indomethacin, in addition.
• Group 1 was fed normal chow.
• Group 2 was fed normal chow.
• Group 3 was fed chow with 2.5 x vitamin B 6 .
• Group 4 was fed chow with 2.5 x vitamin B 6 plus acetylsalicylate (20 mg/kg diet) .
• Each Value is the Mean ⁇ S.E.M. of 5 rats.
• Table 3 (b) reports similarly the results of experiments in which the Group 2 and Group 4 animals received 100 mg/kg acetylsalicylate instead of 20 mg/kg - otherwise the experiments were the same .
• the effect of diclofenac administration with and without co-administration of vitamin B 6 was studied in young hypertensive rats as described in Example 3, but using a daily dosage of diclofenac of 10 mg/kg and continuing the treatment for 60 days.
• four groups of rats were used, each group comprising 6 animals.
• Group 1 received a normal commercial chow ration daily.
• Group 2 received the same chow ration daily, supplemented with the diclofenac.
• Group 3 received the same chow ration daily, supplemented with 25 mg/kg vitamin B 6 .
• Group 4 received the same chow ration daily, supplemented with both diclofenac and vitamin B 6 at the aforesaid amounts.
• Table 4 The results are given below in Table 4.

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• 1998
  • 1998-04-16 US US09/061,173 patent/US6051587A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1999
  • 1999-04-16 BR BRPI9909672-2A patent/BR9909672A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1999-04-16 WO PCT/CA1999/000331 patent/WO1999053928A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1999-04-16 CA CA002328730A patent/CA2328730C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1999-04-16 AU AU34029/99A patent/AU765749B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1999-04-16 IL IL13968199A patent/IL139681A0/xx unknown
  • 1999-04-16 AT AT99915411T patent/ATE319457T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-04-16 NZ NZ508142A patent/NZ508142A/xx unknown
  • 1999-04-16 DE DE69930243T patent/DE69930243T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1999-04-16 JP JP2000544332A patent/JP2002512194A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 1999-04-16 EP EP99915411A patent/EP1071430B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-04-16 ES ES99915411T patent/ES2260906T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime

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