WO1998050738A2 - Esters a base de polyol comme lubrifiant pour machines frigorifiques au co¿2? - Google Patents

Esters a base de polyol comme lubrifiant pour machines frigorifiques au co¿2? Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998050738A2
WO1998050738A2 PCT/DE1998/001193 DE9801193W WO9850738A2 WO 1998050738 A2 WO1998050738 A2 WO 1998050738A2 DE 9801193 W DE9801193 W DE 9801193W WO 9850738 A2 WO9850738 A2 WO 9850738A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ester
composition according
operating
carbon dioxide
equipment
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1998/001193
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German (de)
English (en)
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WO1998050738A3 (fr
Inventor
Jörg Fahl
Vladislav Synek
Hans-Dieter Grasshoff
Original Assignee
RWE-DEA Aktiengesellschaft für Mineraloel und Chemie
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Application filed by RWE-DEA Aktiengesellschaft für Mineraloel und Chemie filed Critical RWE-DEA Aktiengesellschaft für Mineraloel und Chemie
Priority to DE29824073U priority Critical patent/DE29824073U1/de
Priority to AU82088/98A priority patent/AU8208898A/en
Publication of WO1998050738A2 publication Critical patent/WO1998050738A2/fr
Publication of WO1998050738A3 publication Critical patent/WO1998050738A3/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C10M171/008—Lubricant compositions compatible with refrigerants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
    • C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M111/04—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10—Components
    • C09K2205/106—Carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/286—Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/1033—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
    • C10M2209/1045—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/105—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
    • C10M2209/1055—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/106—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing four carbon atoms only
    • C10M2209/1065—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing four carbon atoms only used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/107—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/107—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106
    • C10M2209/1075—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106 used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/108—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified
    • C10M2209/1085—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/109—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/109—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified
    • C10M2209/1095—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/32—Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/34—Lubricating-sealants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/36—Release agents or mold release agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/38—Conveyors or chain belts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/40—Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/42—Flashing oils or marking oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/50—Medical uses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to equipment compositions containing lubricants based on synthetic esters, which are suitable for the lubrication of refrigeration machines, heat pumps and related systems, such as air conditioning systems, which are based on carbon dioxide
  • Carbon dioxide has been used as a refrigeration machine resource since the beginning of modern refrigeration technology.
  • the Linde company built the first compression refrigeration machine in 1881 using carbon dioxide as the refrigerant.
  • Glycerin was used as the lubricant.
  • CFC refrigerants carbon dioxide was hardly used anymore.
  • CFCs chlorofluorocarbons
  • Polyol esters have already been used as lubricants for both procedures (see e.g. Lubricants for Carbon Dioxide; U. Hesse, H.O. Spauschus in Research Science and Technology, Proceedings, Aarhus Denmark 3-6 Sept. 1996, ISSN 0 151 163).
  • CO 2 behaves very differently in terms of solubility towards esters.
  • Subcritical CO 2 is polar.
  • the ester oils according to the invention prove to be soluble in the range of the usual working temperatures of about + 5 ° C. to -50 ° C., while many esters in the transcritical range, where CO 2 is largely non-polar, are no longer or only partially soluble.
  • the esters When working in the supercritical area, the esters are only poorly soluble in the evaporation area.
  • the evaporation range of the carbon dioxide at the selected pressure ranges is approximately between -6 ° C and 10 ° C.
  • the invention is based on the problem of finding a selection of possible polyol esters which meet the following requirements for lubricants for CO 2 -
  • Chillers are sufficient:
  • Equipment compositions for refrigeration machines, heat pumps and related systems such as air conditioning systems, containing carbon dioxide as the operating medium, the operating medium consisting essentially exclusively of carbon dioxide, and an ester or an ester mixture as a lubricant consisting of: (1) an acid component, the acid component,
  • the remainder of the residue consists of linear or branched C6 to CIO monocarboxylic acids and / or branched C5 monocarboxylic acids, and (2) an alcohol component with 4 to 8 hydroxyl groups, one, two or three quaternary carbon atoms and 5 to 21, preferably 5 to 15, carbon atoms, the -OH groups of the polyhydroxy alcohol as the alcohol component preferably being connected to those carbon atoms which in turn have only quaternary carbon atoms in the adjacent position.
  • the polyhydroxy alcohol as the alcohol component may further contain 0 to 4, preferably 0, 1 or 2, ether bridges.
  • the alcohol component is particularly preferred: pentaerythritol and / or dipentaerythritol and / or tripentaerythritol.
  • the operating agent composition contains an ester or an ester mixture, the alcohol component of which, based on the total talc alcohol group concentration, consists of at least 50 mol% dipentaerythritol and / or tripentaerythritol.
  • esters or ester mixtures are also preferred, independently of one another, whose acid component according to (l) (a), based on the total carboxylic acid group concentration, consists of at least 60 mol% of n-pentanoic acid; whose acid component according to (l) (b) consists predominantly of branched monocarboxylic acids, particularly preferably of 5 to 40 mol% of branched monocarboxylic acids, based on the total carboxylic acid group concentration.
  • the acid components remaining for the complete esterification of all hydroxyl groups consist of linear C5 to C10 Monocarboxylic acids.
  • all the hydroxyl groups of the alcohol component are completely esterified in the ester or the ester mixture.
  • n-pentanoic acid was used as the main component for the esterification.
  • their proportion is over 40 mol%, preferably over 60 mol%.
  • carboxylic acids in the C number range from 5 to 10 are used for the esterification, where these are branched if additional C5 acids are used.
  • the C5 to C10 carboxylic acids can have both an unbranched and branched structure, as can be seen from the inventive examples in Table 1.
  • At least 50 mol% of all alcohol components are preferably the esters
  • esters according to the invention are characterized by densities in excess of 940 kg / m 3
  • the evaporation temperatures of the systems under development in the supercritical range are in the range from -6 ° C to 10 ° C, one
  • esters according to the invention are not only significantly heavier than mineral oil, but also have the decisive advantage that, depending on the structure, they are completely soluble in carbon dioxide below the range from -6 ° C. to 10 ° C. to be.
  • Esters with a density of over 940 kg / m 3 are particularly suitable in the evaporation range of the carbon dioxide. Practical tests have shown, however, that those with higher densities, above about 1000 kg / m 3, worked even better. This can be explained by a faster settling of esters according to the invention if complete solubility in the area of the evaporation of the carbon dioxide, for example at 0 ° C., has not yet been given.
  • the equipment essentially consists exclusively, i.e. more than 95% by weight, preferably about 100% by weight, based on the operating medium (i.e. the refrigerant without lubricant and additive content), made of carbon dioxide.
  • the lubricant consists either preferably of more than 90% by weight, particularly preferably about 100% by weight, of the ester according to the invention, in each case based on the lubricant without any refrigerant or additive content; or is, according to another embodiment of the invention, a mixture containing the esters according to the invention in addition to other lubricants and then preferably consists of 20 to 60% by weight of the esters according to the invention, in each case based on the lubricant without any refrigerant and additive content, the remaining one Part of the lubricant are preferably polyalkylene glycols (eg polypropylene oxide / polyethylene oxide copolymers) or alkylbenzenes or dialkylbenzenes.
  • polyalkylene glycols eg polypropylene oxide / polyethylene oxide copolymers
  • additives customary in the equipment compositions such as wear improvers, anti-foaming agents, antioxidants, such as, in particular, Irganox® L101, viscosity index improvers, corrosion inhibitors or also
  • High-pressure additives such as in particular phosphate esters, may be included.
  • Table 1 High-pressure additives, such as in particular phosphate esters, may be included.
  • Carboxylic acids mol% n-C5 100 100 70 50 50 70 65 50 n-C8 40 n-C9 25 25 10 n-CIO 10 i-C8 5 50 5 25 50
  • Viscosity mmVsec at 40 ° C 15.93 48.0 56.4 81.1 52.5 33.5 70.61 87.49 at 100 ° C 3.69 8.3 9.0 10.2 8.7 6.2 9.90 10.87

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des composés de carburant contenant du lubrifiant à base d'huiles synthétiques de polyester avec des groupes linéaires ou ramifiés d'acides carboniques C5 à C10, qui conviennent pour lubrifier des machines frigorifiques, des pompes à chaleur et des installations apparentées telles que les installations d'air conditionné, pour lesquelles le carburant requis est le dioxyde de carbone.
PCT/DE1998/001193 1997-05-07 1998-04-29 Esters a base de polyol comme lubrifiant pour machines frigorifiques au co¿2? WO1998050738A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29824073U DE29824073U1 (de) 1997-05-07 1998-04-29 Polyol-Ester als Schmiermittel für CO¶2¶-Kältemaschinen
AU82088/98A AU8208898A (en) 1997-05-07 1998-04-29 Polyol-derived esters as a lubricator for co2-based refrigerating machines

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19719132.0 1997-05-07
DE19719132A DE19719132A1 (de) 1997-05-07 1997-05-07 Polyol-Ester als Schmiermittel für CO¶2¶-Kältemaschinen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998050738A2 true WO1998050738A2 (fr) 1998-11-12
WO1998050738A3 WO1998050738A3 (fr) 1999-02-18

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PCT/DE1998/001193 WO1998050738A2 (fr) 1997-05-07 1998-04-29 Esters a base de polyol comme lubrifiant pour machines frigorifiques au co¿2?

Country Status (4)

Country Link
AR (1) AR013344A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU8208898A (fr)
DE (2) DE19719132A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998050738A2 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1541937A1 (fr) * 2002-05-29 2005-06-15 Zexel Valeo Climate Control Corporation Cycle de refrigeration supercritique
KR100636941B1 (ko) * 1998-12-11 2006-10-19 이데미쓰 고산 가부시키가이샤 냉동기 오일 조성물 및 이 조성물을 이용한 윤활 방법
EP2014749A1 (fr) * 2006-03-23 2009-01-14 Nippon Oil Corporation Huile de base pour huile de machine frigorifique pour refrigerant a base de dioxyde de carbone et huile de machine frigorifique pour refrigerant a base de dioxyde de carbone

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TW552302B (en) 1999-06-21 2003-09-11 Idemitsu Kosan Co Refrigerator oil for carbon dioxide refrigerant
JP4460085B2 (ja) * 1999-07-06 2010-05-12 出光興産株式会社 二酸化炭素冷媒用冷凍機油組成物
JP4712961B2 (ja) * 2000-11-21 2011-06-29 Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 二酸化炭素冷媒用冷凍機油及び冷凍機用流体組成物
JP2006275339A (ja) * 2005-03-28 2006-10-12 Hitachi Home & Life Solutions Inc ヒートポンプ式給湯機
EP2215363B1 (fr) 2007-10-24 2017-06-28 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Compresseur à spirale pour réfrigérant à dioxyde de carbone

Citations (3)

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EP0499994A1 (fr) * 1991-02-19 1992-08-26 DEA Mineraloel Aktiengesellschaft Lubrifiant pour machines frigorifiques
WO1993025629A2 (fr) * 1992-06-03 1993-12-23 Henkel Corporation Lubrifiants a base d'esters de polyol pour compresseurs de refrigeration fonctionnant a des temperatures elevees
GB2306497A (en) * 1995-10-26 1997-05-07 Ici Plc Working fluid (refrigerant) composition comprising carbon dioxide and a polyol ester

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DE4105956A1 (de) * 1991-02-26 1992-08-27 Dea Mineraloel Ag Schmiermittel fuer kaeltemaschinen
GB9414110D0 (en) * 1994-07-13 1994-08-31 Ici Plc Refrigeration compositions
GB9516909D0 (en) * 1995-08-18 1995-10-18 Ici Plc Refrigerant compositions

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0499994A1 (fr) * 1991-02-19 1992-08-26 DEA Mineraloel Aktiengesellschaft Lubrifiant pour machines frigorifiques
WO1993025629A2 (fr) * 1992-06-03 1993-12-23 Henkel Corporation Lubrifiants a base d'esters de polyol pour compresseurs de refrigeration fonctionnant a des temperatures elevees
GB2306497A (en) * 1995-10-26 1997-05-07 Ici Plc Working fluid (refrigerant) composition comprising carbon dioxide and a polyol ester

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
KRAUS W.E.: "Mischbarkeit von CO2-\l und K{ltemittel-Kaltemittel-Systemen" KI LUFT- UND K[LTETECHNIK, Bd. 32, Nr. 2, 1996, Seiten 61-62, XP002081391 *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100636941B1 (ko) * 1998-12-11 2006-10-19 이데미쓰 고산 가부시키가이샤 냉동기 오일 조성물 및 이 조성물을 이용한 윤활 방법
EP1008643B1 (fr) 1998-12-11 2014-12-03 Idemitsu Kosan Company Limited Composition d'huile pour machines frigorifiques et methode pour l'emploi de la composition pour lubrifier
EP1541937A1 (fr) * 2002-05-29 2005-06-15 Zexel Valeo Climate Control Corporation Cycle de refrigeration supercritique
EP1541937A4 (fr) * 2002-05-29 2010-01-20 Zexel Valeo Climate Contr Corp Cycle de refrigeration supercritique
EP2014749A1 (fr) * 2006-03-23 2009-01-14 Nippon Oil Corporation Huile de base pour huile de machine frigorifique pour refrigerant a base de dioxyde de carbone et huile de machine frigorifique pour refrigerant a base de dioxyde de carbone
EP2014749A4 (fr) * 2006-03-23 2010-08-18 Nippon Oil Corp Huile de base pour huile de machine frigorifique pour refrigerant a base de dioxyde de carbone et huile de machine frigorifique pour refrigerant a base de dioxyde de carbone
US7993543B2 (en) 2006-03-23 2011-08-09 Nippon Oil Corporation Refrigerating machine oil for carbon dioxide refrigerant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AR013344A1 (es) 2000-12-27
DE29824073U1 (de) 2000-05-11
DE19719132A1 (de) 1998-11-12
WO1998050738A3 (fr) 1999-02-18
AU8208898A (en) 1998-11-27

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