WO1998027575A1 - Sinterelektrode - Google Patents
Sinterelektrode Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998027575A1 WO1998027575A1 PCT/DE1997/002640 DE9702640W WO9827575A1 WO 1998027575 A1 WO1998027575 A1 WO 1998027575A1 DE 9702640 W DE9702640 W DE 9702640W WO 9827575 A1 WO9827575 A1 WO 9827575A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- grain size
- metal
- sintered
- sintered electrode
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
- H01J61/06—Main electrodes
- H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
- H01J61/0735—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the material of the electrode
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
- Y10T428/12042—Porous component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
- Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/12153—Interconnected void structure [e.g., permeable, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12639—Adjacent, identical composition, components
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12639—Adjacent, identical composition, components
- Y10T428/12646—Group VIII or IB metal-base
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12778—Alternative base metals from diverse categories
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
- Y10T428/12819—Group VB metal-base component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
- Y10T428/12826—Group VIB metal-base component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
- Y10T428/12826—Group VIB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12833—Alternative to or next to each other
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
- Y10T428/12826—Group VIB metal-base component
- Y10T428/1284—W-base component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12875—Platinum group metal-base component
Definitions
- the invention is based on a sintered electrode according to the preamble of claim 1. It is a sintered electrode for high-pressure discharge lamps such as, for example, metal halide lamps or sodium high-pressure discharge lamps.
- a thermionically emitting cathode element for vacuum electron tubes is known, which is made of spherical particles with an average grain size below 1 ⁇ m. 5 to 90% of the total volume of the sintered electrode consists of unfilled pores that are open to the environment. The distances between neighboring particles (grains) are less than 1 ⁇ m.
- a sintered electro which contains, in addition to tungsten, portions of emitter material such as oxides of aluminum, barium, calcium or thorium.
- the sintered body sits on a solid core pin made of solid material.
- a cathode which consists of a porous tungsten matrix, in the pores of which emitter material is incorporated. The pores are produced by filling the green body of the matrix with liquid copper, which is later removed again.
- the disadvantage of this method is that the pores are irregular in shape and their properties are undefined. Manufacturing is complicated and time consuming.
- DD-PS 292 764 discloses a cermet sintered body consisting of a mixture of tungsten and thorium oxide or alkaline earth oxide, in which the porosity of the sintered body is controlled by the defined use of a binder in the production.
- the particle size of the cermet powder is 80 to 550 ⁇ m.
- sintered electrodes have so far not been able to establish themselves widely. Rather, it was previously dependent on the use of spiral electrodes with a core pin made of thoriated tungsten or pin electrodes made of thoriated tungsten. So far, each has been produced from compact, solid material.
- the sintered electrode for high-pressure discharge lamps according to the invention consists of a sintered body made of one of the refractory metals tungsten, tantalum, osmium, iridium, molybdenum or rhenium or an alloy of these metals.
- a known oxidic doping (up to 5% by weight) can be added to the metal or alloy, for example an oxide of lanthanum or yttrium.
- the sintered body is made of an essentially spherical powder of the metal or the alloy, the mean grain size of which is between 2 and 100 ⁇ m, the grain size distribution fluctuating by a maximum of 20% around the mean and between 10 and 40% by volume of the total volume the sintered electrode consists of pores open to the environment.
- the pores can be unfilled or contain emitter additives.
- Typical emitter additives are oxides of alkaline earth, for example barium, calcium, strontium and mixtures thereof. Also suitable are aluminates and oxides of hafnium or zirconium or of the rare earth metals (in particular Sc, Y, La, Ce, Nd, Gd, Dy and Yb).
- the average grain size of the spherical powder is preferably between 5 and 70 ⁇ m.
- the grain size distribution fluctuates by a maximum of 10% around the mean value.
- the sintered body is fastened in a manner known per se to a core pin made of solid metal.
- a particular advantage is that connection techniques such as soldering or welding are not used can.
- the mechanical connection is only made by shrinking or sintering.
- the material of the sintered body and of the core pin is preferably essentially the same, for example pure tungsten.
- the sintered body can be unfilled or contain emitter additives (for example lanthanum oxide). Pure tungsten doped with potassium or a rhenium-tungsten alloy is also suitable for the core pin.
- the electrode can do without thorium and is then radioactive.
- the service life of the high-pressure discharge lamps equipped with them is extended, the rise in lamp lamp voltage is reduced and the maintenance of the luminous flux is significantly improved.
- the blackening of the wall of the discharge vessel is reduced.
- the operation of the lamps shows a reduction in the uneven arc and flicker.
- the manufacture of the electrode is significantly simplified. The electrode coil can be saved compared to conventional electrodes.
- a particularly advantageous method for producing a sintered body according to claim 1 consists of the following method steps:
- the average grain size of the metal powder is between 2 and 100 ⁇ m; the grain size distribution fluctuates by a maximum of 20% (typically 10%) around the mean value; in particular, the spherical particles of the metal powder used for this are single-crystalline;
- a typical value of the pressure used is 100 to 400 MPa;
- the powder is preferably single crystal.
- the powder can in particular be pressed around a core pin.
- Process step c) can be carried out, for example, in the case of tungsten, preferably at temperatures of 2500 to 2800 K.
- the melting temperature means that of the lowest melting component.
- the pressing can advantageously be carried out without the addition of a binder. This saves an additional processing step and prevents possible contamination.
- Another advantageous process is the metal injection molding process. This technique is described in more detail in parallel application 97P5568. It can also be used in a modified form for the present invention.
- the sequence of the process can be briefly summarized as follows: A suitable metal powder is mixed with so much plastic (the so-called binder) that this starting material, which is in the form of granules, assumes the flow properties of the plastic and can be further processed analogously to plastic injection molding by placing it in an injection mold with the contour of the desired future component. Then to create a metallic to obtain the component, the green body is removed from the injection mold; the binder is then removed from the so-called green body by heat or by solvent. This process is called dewaxing. The component is then sintered into a component of very high density in accordance with classic powder metallurgy.
- the essentially spherical metal powder is produced in a manner known per se, where rounded or almost exactly spherical particles can arise.
- One example is the carbonyl process (New Types of Metal Powders, Ed. H. Hausner, Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York 1963, published in the series Metallurgical Society Conferences as Volume 23). Particularly good results are achieved with single-crystalline metal powder.
- the spherical powder grains of homogeneous size develop equilibrium surfaces in the form of polyhedra during sintering. For example, there are [HO] or [111] faces. Surprisingly, it has been found that these polyhedron surfaces do not further unite, so that the porosity of this novel sintered body remains practically constant over the service life. It is a so-called sponge body with open porosity.
- the starting material is spherical W powder with a diameter that is as uniform as possible, i.e. with a narrow distribution width of the grain size. This homogeneity of the powder ultimately results in great stability of the sintered body at high temperatures and leads to correspondingly stable conditions during the life of the lamp.
- the powder can in particular be pressed directly around a Th ⁇ 2-free core pin. Sintering is then carried out at the relatively low temperature of around 2350 ( ⁇ 100) ° C. This low temperature, which corresponds approximately to 0.7 times the melting temperature of the tungsten, means considerable energy savings compared to the usual sintering temperatures of 2800-3000 ° C for compact tungsten material.
- Additional emitter additives are not necessary in many applications, but can be introduced into the cavities or pores if necessary.
- the residual porosity of the finished sintered sponge electrode can be set specifically via the ball size of the starting material. Ball sizes of 5 to 70 ⁇ m are preferably used for the sponge electrode. A residual porosity of about 15 to 30% by volume can thus be achieved.
- the discharge begins on a large area.
- the point-like approach known from conventional electrodes which there often leads to locally very high temperatures and migration of the focal spot, is avoided.
- the temperature distribution over the entire sponge body is largely uniform.
- a conventional electrode has a high temperature gradient. In particular, it has a temperature that is typically 500 K higher at the tip than in the rear part of the electrode.
- the transition from the glow to the arc discharge takes place faster when using the sintered electrode than with the conventional solid electrode, since the heat dissipation from the tip of the electrode towards the pinch is greatly reduced due to the small contact area between the sintered grains of the sintered body .
- the sponge electrode in particular in the vertical operating position, better heating of the area of the discharge vessel close to the pinch is achieved.
- the cause is the larger surface of the electrode, which emits more light. Therefore, any reflective coating on the bulb ends can be made smaller or omitted entirely, which means that a higher luminous flux is achieved.
- Figure 2 shows a metal halide lamp with a sintered electrode
- the sintered electrode 1 shown in FIG. 1 for a 150 W lamp consists of a cylindrical sintered body 2, in the half of which is averted from the discharge, a solid core pin 5 made of tungsten is pressed axially.
- the sintered body 2 consists of tungsten, which is made of spherical metal powder with an average grain size of 10 ⁇ m. The grain size distribution fluctuates around 10% around the mean. The residual porosity is approximately 15% by volume.
- the diameter of the core pin is approximately 0.5 mm, the outer diameter of the sintered body is approximately 1.5 mm.
- a metal halide lamp 9 with a power of 150 W. It consists of a quartz glass vessel 10 which contains a metal halide fill. External power supply lines 11 and molybdenum foils 12 are embedded in squeezes 13 at their two ends. The core pins 5 of the electrodes 1 are attached to the molybdenum foils 12. Last tere protrude into the discharge vessel 10. The two ends of the discharge vessel are each provided with a heat-reflecting coating 14 made of zirconium oxide.
- the electrode consists of a sintered body which is rounded on the discharge side or tapers to a point.
- the sintered body is made of tungsten
- the pressed-in core pin is made of rhenium, rhenium-plated tungsten or molybdenum.
- a particularly advantageous method for producing a sintered electrode according to the invention is based on the metal injection molding method known per se.
- the principle in the parallel registration Akz is:
- an essentially spherical, in particular single-crystalline, metal powder made of refractory metal such as tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, osmium, iridium or rhenium or an alloy of these metals, the powder having the following properties: the average grain size of the metal powder is between 2 and 100 ⁇ m; the grain size distribution fluctuates by a maximum of 20% around the mean value; - Making a mixture (so-called "feedstock") from powder and binder (often referred to as "wax”) and possibly polymer;
- the mixture is injected around a core pin in the injection mold and connected to it during sintering.
- Such electrodes show a much better life behavior.
- Studies on metal halide lamps with a power of 150 W show that the maintenance of the luminous flux after 1000 hours when using metal powders with a grain size of 5 or 20 ⁇ m amounts to 95% of the initial luminous flux.
- a drop in the luminous flux to values between 83 and 90% can be observed in the prior art (conventional stick electrode made of doped tungsten material) after 1000 hours.
Landscapes
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP97951066A EP0882307B1 (de) | 1996-12-18 | 1997-11-11 | Sinterelektrode |
CA002246517A CA2246517C (en) | 1996-12-18 | 1997-11-11 | Sintering electrode |
US09/125,393 US6218025B1 (en) | 1996-12-18 | 1997-11-11 | Sintering electrode |
HU9901361A HU223302B1 (hu) | 1996-12-18 | 1997-11-11 | Szinterezett elektród és eljárás annak előállítására |
JP10527165A JP2000505939A (ja) | 1996-12-18 | 1997-11-11 | 焼結電極 |
DE59711260T DE59711260D1 (de) | 1996-12-18 | 1997-11-11 | Sinterelektrode |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19652822A DE19652822A1 (de) | 1996-12-18 | 1996-12-18 | Sinterelektrode |
DE19652822.4 | 1996-12-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998027575A1 true WO1998027575A1 (de) | 1998-06-25 |
Family
ID=7815235
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE1997/002640 WO1998027575A1 (de) | 1996-12-18 | 1997-11-11 | Sinterelektrode |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6218025B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0882307B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2000505939A (de) |
KR (1) | KR19990082364A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1123053C (de) |
CA (1) | CA2246517C (de) |
DE (2) | DE19652822A1 (de) |
HU (1) | HU223302B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998027575A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
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WO2008116756A1 (de) * | 2007-03-23 | 2008-10-02 | Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Material für elektroden oder leuchtkörper und elektrode bzw. leuchtkörper |
DE102009005446A1 (de) | 2009-01-21 | 2010-07-22 | Schott Ag | Granulat, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung |
US8018155B2 (en) | 2005-09-02 | 2011-09-13 | Sony Corporation | Short arc type high voltage electrical discharge electrode, short arc type high voltage electrical discharge tube, short arc type high voltage electrical discharge light source apparatus, and their manufacturing methods |
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US6705914B2 (en) | 2000-04-18 | 2004-03-16 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method of forming spherical electrode surface for high intensity discharge lamp |
DE10307716B4 (de) * | 2002-03-12 | 2021-11-18 | Taniobis Gmbh | Ventilmetall-Pulver und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
EP1649492A2 (de) * | 2003-05-26 | 2006-04-26 | Philips Intellectual Property & Standards GmbH | Thoriumfreie elektrode mit verbesserter farbstabilität |
KR20070074656A (ko) * | 2004-11-02 | 2007-07-12 | 코닌클리즈케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. | 방전 램프 및 방전 램프의 구성 요소를 제조하는 방법 |
EP1810316A2 (de) * | 2004-11-02 | 2007-07-25 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Entladungslampe, elektrode und verfahren zur herstellung eines elektrodenteils einer entladungslampe |
CN101095377A (zh) * | 2005-01-03 | 2007-12-26 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 照明装置以及放电灯操作的方法 |
JP2006283077A (ja) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-19 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | 複合体 |
JP4454527B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-31 | 2010-04-21 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 発光管及び高圧放電灯 |
JP4614908B2 (ja) * | 2005-05-11 | 2011-01-19 | 日立粉末冶金株式会社 | 冷陰極蛍光ランプ用電極 |
DE102005035190A1 (de) * | 2005-07-27 | 2007-02-01 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Haltestab |
US7652415B2 (en) * | 2005-10-20 | 2010-01-26 | General Electric Company | Electrode materials for electric lamps and methods of manufacture thereof |
KR100682313B1 (ko) * | 2005-12-13 | 2007-02-15 | 안의현 | 냉음극 형광램프의 전극 및 그 제조방법 |
US8698384B2 (en) * | 2006-03-16 | 2014-04-15 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Sintered electrode for cold cathode tube, and cold cathode tube and liquid crystal display device using the sintered electrode |
US20070236125A1 (en) * | 2006-04-07 | 2007-10-11 | Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. | Spark plug |
WO2010001316A1 (en) * | 2008-07-04 | 2010-01-07 | Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh | Mercury-free and zinc-free high intensity gas-discharge lamp |
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AT16085U1 (de) * | 2017-09-22 | 2019-01-15 | Plansee Se | Kathode |
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- 1997-11-11 WO PCT/DE1997/002640 patent/WO1998027575A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-11-11 EP EP97951066A patent/EP0882307B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-11 CA CA002246517A patent/CA2246517C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-11-11 US US09/125,393 patent/US6218025B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-11-11 DE DE59711260T patent/DE59711260D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-11-11 JP JP10527165A patent/JP2000505939A/ja not_active Abandoned
- 1997-11-11 CN CN97192363.9A patent/CN1123053C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US8018155B2 (en) | 2005-09-02 | 2011-09-13 | Sony Corporation | Short arc type high voltage electrical discharge electrode, short arc type high voltage electrical discharge tube, short arc type high voltage electrical discharge light source apparatus, and their manufacturing methods |
WO2008116756A1 (de) * | 2007-03-23 | 2008-10-02 | Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Material für elektroden oder leuchtkörper und elektrode bzw. leuchtkörper |
DE102009005446A1 (de) | 2009-01-21 | 2010-07-22 | Schott Ag | Granulat, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0882307B1 (de) | 2004-01-28 |
KR19990082364A (ko) | 1999-11-25 |
JP2000505939A (ja) | 2000-05-16 |
DE19652822A1 (de) | 1998-06-25 |
HU223302B1 (hu) | 2004-05-28 |
EP0882307A1 (de) | 1998-12-09 |
CN1123053C (zh) | 2003-10-01 |
HUP9901361A3 (en) | 2000-04-28 |
CN1211341A (zh) | 1999-03-17 |
CA2246517C (en) | 2005-08-09 |
DE59711260D1 (de) | 2004-03-04 |
US6218025B1 (en) | 2001-04-17 |
HUP9901361A2 (hu) | 1999-08-30 |
CA2246517A1 (en) | 1998-06-25 |
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