WO1998026138A1 - Wall element for swimming pool with variable curvature - Google Patents

Wall element for swimming pool with variable curvature Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998026138A1
WO1998026138A1 PCT/FR1997/002028 FR9702028W WO9826138A1 WO 1998026138 A1 WO1998026138 A1 WO 1998026138A1 FR 9702028 W FR9702028 W FR 9702028W WO 9826138 A1 WO9826138 A1 WO 9826138A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
element according
wall
vertical
recesses
bars
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1997/002028
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Philippe Bach
Jocelyn Bourgeois
Original Assignee
Procopi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Procopi filed Critical Procopi
Priority to AT97945907T priority Critical patent/ATE242829T1/en
Priority to AU51244/98A priority patent/AU5124498A/en
Priority to EP97945907A priority patent/EP0943043B1/en
Priority to DE69722811T priority patent/DE69722811D1/en
Publication of WO1998026138A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998026138A1/en

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8623Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers and at least one form leaf being monolithic
    • E04B2/8629Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers and at least one form leaf being monolithic with both form leaves and spacers being monolithic
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/40Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of a number of smaller components rigidly or movably connected together, e.g. interlocking, hingedly connected of particular shape, e.g. not rectangular of variable shape or size, e.g. flexible or telescopic panels
    • E04C2/405Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of a number of smaller components rigidly or movably connected together, e.g. interlocking, hingedly connected of particular shape, e.g. not rectangular of variable shape or size, e.g. flexible or telescopic panels composed of two or more hingedly connected parts
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00Swimming or splash baths or pools
    • E04H4/0075Swimming or splash baths or pools made of concrete
    • E04H4/0081Swimming or splash baths or pools made of concrete with walls and floor cast in situ

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wall element for the construction of a swimming pool, this element acting as formwork, intended to receive poured concrete.
  • the objective of the invention is to propose a wall element for swimming pools, the curvature of which can be modified at will, both to make it convex and concave, this in a relatively large range of radii of curvature, sufficient in any case in common applications.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose an element of the type mentioned, which is of a relatively low cost price, while being of a simple and easy-to-use design by the persons responsible for the construction of the swimming pool. .
  • the element proposed is initially planar, and therefore makes it possible to build conventional swimming pools, of polygonal outline, in particular rectangular.
  • swimming pools of various shapes in particular swimming pools having an end portion of semicircular outline.
  • Document FR-A-2 637 933 discloses a stackable formwork block made of light material (expanded polystyrene for example), suitable for the manufacture of a swimming pool, the curvature of which is variable. It is a hollow block, which is indented on its external face. The opening thus formed is intended to receive a spacer. By playing on its width, you can bend the block, in one direction or the other, according to a variable radius of curvature. The spacer also prevents the escape of concrete when it is poured into the block. Such a solution is satisfactory for individual blocks, intended to be stacked one on top of the other in the manner of concrete blocks, in staggered staggered fashion.
  • the wall element consists of a box in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, intended to be erected vertically and adjoined to adjacent elements by its lateral vertical edges, characterized by the fact that its initially planar outer wall has vertical recesses formed by a folding of this wall, and the natural width of which can be increased or, on the contrary, reduced, so that it is possible to give the element a concave or convex curvature.
  • the external wall of the element is therefore not open.
  • the wall fold delimiting the recess constitutes a reinforcing rib, so that the wall resists the weight of the poured concrete satisfactorily.
  • the element is compartmentalized by vertical transverse partitions, and includes a recess to the right of each compartment; - its internal wall is a double wall allowing good thermal insulation;
  • the element is made of extruded plastic
  • - Said recesses have a semi-cylindrical bottom, or approximately semi-cylindrical.
  • the modification of the width of said vertical recesses is carried out by means of spacer members, adapted to increase this width, or by means of pliers, adapted, on the contrary, to reduce it.
  • the semi-cylindrical, or approximately semi-cylindrical, bottom of said recesses is bordered by a pair of grooves capable of receiving the spacer members.
  • Said spacer members are for example plates of generally rectangular shape, which ensure the spacing of the grooves by quarter-turn rotation, while said clamps have the approximate shape of a "C" and are put in place by translation, in vertical direction, inside the element, around the recesses.
  • the element According to a possible characteristic of the element, its lateral vertical edges and - if necessary - its transverse vertical partitions have openings allowing the passage of poured concrete.
  • the shaping of the element is ensured by means of a pair of horizontal bars capable of being fitted into its thickness, on the one hand at its base, on the other hand at its top.
  • the aforementioned openings which are at the base and at the top of the element are open, respectively downwards and upwards, constituting notches serving for the interlocking of said bars.
  • the subject of the invention is also:
  • This element shaping bar advantageously has the following characteristics:
  • the invention also relates to a set of spacer members and clamps, of different dimensions, associated with such an element.
  • - Figure 1 is a schematic top view of an element according to the invention
  • - Figure 2 is a schematic top view of a corner element capable of adapting to the element of Figure 1
  • - Figure 3 shows an element whose width is half that of Figure 1, this "half-element" being obtained by cutting the element of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 4 shows, on a larger scale, and in more detail, the lateral end portion of the element of Figure 1;
  • - Figure 5 is also an enlarged view of the corner element of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view, with parts cut away from an end portion of an element
  • Figure 7 is a front view, external side, of the element of Figure 1 (on a smaller scale);
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 are schematic views similar to those of Figure 1, which illustrate the method of bending the element, respectively using spacer elements (to make it concave), and using clamps (to make it convex), in a first embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS 10 and 11 are respectively front and top views of a spacer element;
  • FIG. 12 and 13 are respectively top and left views of a clamp
  • Figure 14 is a partial view, partly cut, similar to that of Figure 7, which shows a recess in the open state;
  • FIG. 15 shows, in cross section, a variant of the rear wall of the element, at a recess
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic top view showing a part of the periphery of a swimming pool constructed using a number of elements according to the invention.
  • Figures 17 to 21 illustrate a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 17 is a perspective view of a shaping bar, intended to be associated with an element according to the invention during the construction of the pool;
  • FIG. 18 is a top view of the bar of Figure 17;
  • Figure 19 is a partial view, similar to Figure 18, illustrating the method of end-to-end assembly of two bars;
  • Figure 20 is a top view similar to Figure 18, which shows a variant of the bar;
  • FIGS. 18 and 20B are views similar to Figure 20, showing deformations by bending the bar, in different directions;
  • FIG. 21 is an exploded view, diagrammatic and in perspective, illustrating the erection of a swimming pool wall using bars similar to those of FIGS. 18 or 20.
  • the element 1 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 7 is a one-piece element, made of relatively rigid, but slightly flexible plastic material, for example PVC, obtained by extrusion.
  • the wall has a thickness of the order of 1.2 mm.
  • It is a hollow panel, in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped box, of constant cross section, open at both ends.
  • the open ends are the upper and lower ends when the panel is erected in a vertical position, in its normal position for the construction of a swimming pool.
  • This type of element is intended in particular for the construction of a buried, or semi-buried swimming pool, and the element serves as formwork receiving a concrete pour. It is a lost formwork, the formwork itself serving as a wall element once the concrete has set.
  • the element has for example a length L of 500mm, a width 1 of 125mm.
  • height H corresponds to the height of the wall of the pool. This height is for example between 0.90 and 2.10 m.
  • the height dimension is not critical for the manufacture of the element, since it is produced by extrusion, so that it is easy to cut it into sections of desired length, which will correspond to the height of the swimming pool.
  • This element has been designated by the reference 1, its internal wall, that is to say facing the interior of the future swimming pool, is referenced 10.
  • its internal wall that is to say facing the interior of the future swimming pool
  • it is preferably a double partitioned wall, the internal side
  • transverse end walls, or edges, of the element have been designated by the references 11 and 12. These are also double-walled (honeycomb structure), so that the element has good mechanical strength.
  • the interior space of the box is compartmentalized by vertical transverse partitions, three in number, namely a central double-walled partition 13 and two simple intermediate partitions 15. These partitions very significantly improve the mechanical strength of the element, and prevent the deformation of the internal and external walls under the pressure of the mass of poured concrete.
  • the outer wall 14 (single wall) has four folds which define as many vertical recesses 4, located to the right of the central part of each of the compartments, the interior space of which is referenced E.
  • the shape of these recesses which are open towards the outside, allows a deformation of the wall, either in the direction of the reduction in width of the recess, or at otherwise in the direction of increasing its width.
  • the side walls 11, 12 of the element are provided with a set of elastic male / female latching members 2, 3.
  • the male member 2 consists of a pair of tongues with non-return spouts, which extend vertically, parallel to the large direction of the element, while the female member is a vertical groove intended to receive said tongues 2.
  • the central partition 13 also has male 2 ′ and female 3 ′ elements similar to those of the end wall 11.
  • Figure 2 shows a corner element 5.
  • This box has a double wall 50 on each of its faces, and has, on two adjacent faces, male / female clipping elements 2a, 3a on the one hand and 2b, 3b on the other hand.
  • This element 5 therefore allows the connection of two elements 1 perpendicular to each other, in a corner part of the pool.
  • Figure 4 shows in detail the configuration of a recess 4. It has a symmetrical shape, relative to a transverse plane. It comprises an entry bordered by two transverse faces 40, extending by transverse grooves 41, and an approximately semi-cylindrical bottom 42.
  • the bottom 42 is elastically deformable due to the flexibility of the wall 14. It should be noted that the recess 4 forms an integral part of the external wall 14, and each of the compartments E is therefore completely closed on all sides. It is open only at its upper and lower ends, to allow the passage of reinforcements and the pouring of concrete.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 also show the configuration of the male and female members 2, 3. It will be noted that the male part is carried by a projecting part 20 of the wall, which is centered in a complementary counterbore 30 bordering the opening at the time of clipping.
  • These openings 16 are arranged in a vertical line, at regular spacing.
  • the element is bent by means of spacer elements or clamps.
  • Figures 10 and 11 show a spacer element.
  • the base 60 has an approximately rectangular general shape, its short sides 61 having a dimension B and its long sides 62 a dimension A greater than B. Two of its opposite angles are rounded to form cam surfaces 63.
  • the tenon 600 of square section, is perpendicular to the base 60, and is arranged in the center of the latter. A set of elements 6 of different dimensions is provided.
  • the value A will be greater than the value of the mutual spacing of the bottoms of grooves 41. Thus, if this value is 50mm, one can provide a set of four spacer elements having dimensions A of 56, 58, 60 and 62mm .
  • the clamp 7 - also made of injected plastic - illustrated in Figures 12 and 13 has the general shape of a "C" composed of a plate 70 and a pair of jaws 71.
  • the clamp 7 is intended to come to the interior of space E; it is adapted to be put in place by translation from top to bottom around the recess 4, so that the jaws 71 are placed against the back of the entry edges 40 of the recess 4.
  • As for the spacer members it is provided a set of clamps 7, which have different dimensions C.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 make it possible to understand how the positioning of the spacer elements 6 or of the clamps 7 makes it possible to carry out the bending of the element, so that its internal face 100 has a concave or, respectively convex, bending.
  • the action of the spacer element 6 has the effect of opening the semi-cylindrical part 42.
  • the length of the external wall 14 is increased, which forces the element to bend as illustrated in the figure. 8.
  • the clamp 7 has the effect of closing the part 42.
  • the length of the wall 14 decreases, and the element bends in the opposite direction (FIG. 9).
  • Each of the recesses 4 plays the role of a bellows which authorizes the deformation of the element.
  • the amplitude of this deformation is a function of the dimensions of the element 6 or 7 used.
  • the element retains its initial configuration, in the form of a flat panel.
  • three elements will be used, for example, one in the upper part, the other in the central part and the third in the lower part.
  • the member 6 is lowered by translation T into the recess.
  • This operation is easy because the dimension B mentioned above is smaller than the entry width of the recess. This is especially interesting for the establishment of the first member 6, which will "open" the recess. When it has reached the desired level, it is rotated a quarter of a turn, as symbolized by the arrow R. This operation can be done using a wrench that fits onto the square tenon 600. The zones curves 63 push the edges of the opening in the manner of cams, after which the member 6 is automatically retained by friction against the grooves 41.
  • the clamps 7 are put in place by simple axial translation inside the compartments.
  • jaws 71 have beveled edges which facilitate the adaptation of the clamps on the areas 40 of the recess at the time of this establishment.
  • edges of the recesses and the clips are shaped in such a way that said clips can be placed not inside, but outside of the compartments (like the spacer members).
  • elements 1 are fixed next to each other, possibly bending them in one direction or the other, and according to the desired amplitude, as the contour is formed. of the swimming pool. It should be noted that, despite the bending, the lateral edges 11, 12 remain perpendicular to the internal walls 10 and external 14, so that the edges in contact with two neighboring blocks are applied perfectly against each other. This construction is done in a pit previously dug and provided with a concrete base provided with fittings or other protruding reinforcing elements, on which the elements are inserted during the operation.
  • elements 5 are used. Where appropriate, half-elements 1 ′, curved or not, are also used.
  • organs 6 are located outside the spaces E.
  • the wall recess 4 which forms an integral part of the external wall 14 of the element, constitutes not only a deformable part, allowing bending, but also a rib which considerably reinforces the external wall during casting. concrete.
  • the exterior space of the pool is filled with backfill. It then remains to carry out the finishing (installation of the "liner”, the coping, etc.).
  • the external wall 14 is also (like the internal wall 10) a honeycomb wall - or double wall - formed of two "skins" 140-141 connected by a partition 142.
  • the interior space E of the element is located on the left.
  • This double wall is nevertheless interrupted at the level of the recess 4, only the internal skin 141 extending at this level to form the fold constituting the recess.
  • the rigidity of the rear wall 14 is significantly increased.
  • the fact that the recess is single wall is not a problem since - as already explained - this recess plays the role of a reinforcing rib.
  • FIG. 16 which shows a portion of the wall of a swimming pool thus constructed, there has been shown a corner element 5 which is connected on one side to an element 1A, and on the other side ( in a 90 ° direction) to a half-element 1 '.
  • the interior space of the swimming pool is designated El in the figure.
  • the half-element 1 ' is connected to two concave curved elements 1B, 1C.
  • This same figure shows the concrete 101 poured inside the various elements, as well as the sealing film, which is applied against the internal face of the wall. This film, shown in broken lines, is referenced 102.
  • the bar 8 shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 is a single piece of plastic material injection molded. It is a part in the general shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, the longitudinal dimension of which is relatively large compared to the transverse dimension and to the height, which gives it the form of a "bar". This part is largely hollowed out, open upwards and downwards, its two parallel lateral partitions 80 being connected by ribs with vertical faces 82 arranged obliquely to form a zigzag partition. Certain ribs 82 carry vertical cylindrical sleeves 83 which constitute openings allowing the passage of reinforcing bars for the poured concrete.
  • the ends 84 of the bar each have a set of male / female interlocking members, of the tenon 85 and mortise 86 type in dovetail, which allow several elements to be simply fixed end to end by interlocking from top to low.
  • Such an assembly is illustrated in Figure 19, where two adjacent elements 8a, 8b are shown partially, after joining.
  • attachment tabs 81 having an opening 810 for the passage of a fixing member such as a screw.
  • These legs are for example three in number, one placed in the central region of a side face 80, and the other two in the end regions of the opposite side face.
  • a bar is intended to be associated with a wall element 1 such as that illustrated in FIG. 21 which, relative to the element previously described, has a particularity with regard to its openings 16 provided in its transverse partitions 15 and in its end edges 11, 12.
  • the bottom openings 16 'and high 16 "affect the form of notches - or notches -, that is to say open downwards and towards the
  • the openings 16 are in the form of elongated openings, of vertical longitudinal direction, with semi-cylindrical ends, and the upper and lower notches correspond to half-openings. has a length equal to that of element 1, for example 500 mm.
  • the bar 8 has, for example, a height of 60 mm and a width of 40 mm.
  • the bars 8 ensure the mounting and chaining of the elements 1 during the erection of the wall of the swimming pool as well as, if necessary, the shaping and the keeping in shape of said elements when 'they must be bent.
  • the deformable recesses 4 can therefore be devoid of the ribs 41 which served to receive these members; they can have a simply semi-cylindrical wall 42.
  • the bar of Figure 20, referenced 8 ' has the distinction of being able to be easily bent. For this, one 80 ′ of its side walls is not continuous. It is interrupted by vertical gaps 800 'of width i 0 .
  • FIGS. 20A and 20B represent deformations corresponding to a face 80 'made concave, with reduction of the gap width 800' (ii ⁇ i 0 ), and, respectively to a face 80 'made convex, with increase in width gap (i 2 > i 0 ) -
  • Figure 21 illustrates the erection of a planar element during the construction of a swimming pool wall. We start by tracing on the ground, and more precisely on a concrete slab
  • a closed contour profile is thus produced on the ground on which all of the wall elements can be fitted.
  • holes are drilled in the slab D, using the sleeves 83 as a drilling template, for receiving the ends of reinforcing bars 9.
  • each element 1 is advantageously offset, by half a length, relative to a bar. It is therefore placed "on horseback" on two adjacent bars.
  • the elements 1 fit from top to bottom on the bars 8 by their low notch 16 'which is fitted on the bar, while the peripheral edge of the element comes to rest on the slab D.
  • bars 8 are hidden and hidden in the thickness of the wall.
  • each opening 83 is positioned in such a way that after fitting of the elements 1, it is located opposite a space E situated between two transverse partitions 11, 12, 15 (and not in look of such a partition).
  • Concrete can then be poured into all of the elements.
  • the presence of the bars does not interfere with this pouring since the bars are open upwards and downwards.
  • the fluid concrete can flow between the spaces E, and from one element to the neighboring element, via the openings 16. It binds intimately to the ground thanks to the embedding of the wall on the low bars 8 which, remember the, are integral with the slab D, and also thanks to the presence of reinforcing bars which are driven into said slab.
  • the presence of the high and low belts prevents any relative displacement of the elements 1 during filling.

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  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract

This element, which serves as casing, consists of a caisson (1) in the form of a right-angled parallelepiped, for being vertically erected and attached to adjacent elements by its narrow lateral vertical edges; this element is characterised in that its external surface (14), initially plane, has vertical recesses (4) the width of which can be increased or, on the contrary, decreased, such that it is possible to give to the element (1) a concave or a convex curvature.

Description

ELEMENT DE PAROI A COURBURE VARIABLE POUR PISCINE VARIABLE CURVED WALL ELEMENT FOR POOL
La présente invention concerne un élément de paroi pour la construction d'une piscine, cet élément faisant office de coffrage, destiné à recevoir du béton coulé.The present invention relates to a wall element for the construction of a swimming pool, this element acting as formwork, intended to receive poured concrete.
Il s'agit donc d'un coffrage dit de type "perdu", qui reste en place une fois que le béton a pris. L'objectif de l'invention est de proposer un élément de paroi pour piscine, dont la courbure puisse être modifiée à volonté, aussi bien pour le rendre convexe que concave, ceci dans une plage de rayons de courbures relativement importante, suffisante en tout cas dans les applications courantes.It is therefore a so-called "lost" formwork, which remains in place once the concrete has set. The objective of the invention is to propose a wall element for swimming pools, the curvature of which can be modified at will, both to make it convex and concave, this in a relatively large range of radii of curvature, sufficient in any case in common applications.
Un autre objectif de l'invention est de proposer un élément du type mentionné, qui soit d'un prix de revient relativement faible, tout en étant d'une conception simple et facile d'emploi par les personnes chargées de la construction de la piscine.Another object of the invention is to propose an element of the type mentioned, which is of a relatively low cost price, while being of a simple and easy-to-use design by the persons responsible for the construction of the swimming pool. .
L'élément proposé est initialement plan, et permet par conséquent de construire des piscines classiques, à contour polygonal, notamment rectangulaire.The element proposed is initially planar, and therefore makes it possible to build conventional swimming pools, of polygonal outline, in particular rectangular.
Cependant, au moment de la pose, en cintrant l'élément, dans un sens ou dans l'autre, suivant un rayon de courbure déterminé, on peut construire des piscines de forme variée, en particulier des piscines ayant une partie d'extrémité de contour semi- circulaire.However, at the time of installation, by bending the element, in one direction or the other, according to a determined radius of curvature, it is possible to construct swimming pools of various shapes, in particular swimming pools having an end portion of semicircular outline.
On connaît, par le document FR-A-2 637 933, un bloc de coffrage empilable en matériau léger (polystyrène expansé par exemple), adapté pour la fabrication d'une piscine, dont la courbure est variable. Il s'agit d'un bloc creux, qui est échancré sur sa face externe. L'ouverture ainsi formée est destinée à recevoir une entretoise. En jouant sur la largeur de celle-ci, on peut cintrer le bloc, dans un sens ou dans l'autre, suivant un rayon de courbure variable. L'entretoise empêche aussi l'échappement du béton lorsqu'il est coulé dans le bloc. Une telle solution donne satisfaction pour des blocs individuels, destinés à être empilés les uns sur les autres à la manière de parpaings, de manière décalée en quinconce.Document FR-A-2 637 933 discloses a stackable formwork block made of light material (expanded polystyrene for example), suitable for the manufacture of a swimming pool, the curvature of which is variable. It is a hollow block, which is indented on its external face. The opening thus formed is intended to receive a spacer. By playing on its width, you can bend the block, in one direction or the other, according to a variable radius of curvature. The spacer also prevents the escape of concrete when it is poured into the block. Such a solution is satisfactory for individual blocks, intended to be stacked one on top of the other in the manner of concrete blocks, in staggered staggered fashion.
Elle n'est pas transposable à des éléments en forme de panneaux dont la hauteur correspond à celle de la piscine car l'ouverture prévue dans la paroi externe de l'élément ne donnerait pas à cette paroi la résistance suffisante pour retenir le poids du béton coulé sur toute cette hauteur.It cannot be transposed to elements in the form of panels whose height corresponds to that of the swimming pool because the opening provided in the external wall of the element would not give this wall sufficient strength to retain the weight of the concrete. sunk over this entire height.
De plus, on est obligé, pour des blocs droits, soit de disposer de blocs spécifiques (sans ouverture), soit d'y insérer également des entretoises.In addition, for straight blocks, it is either necessary to have specific blocks (without opening), or also to insert spacers therein.
En outre, lesdites entretoises doivent avoir la même hauteur que le bloc pour empêcher l'échappement du béton. Les objectifs mentionnés plus haut sont atteints, conformément à l'invention, grâce au fait que l'élément de paroi consiste en un caisson en forme de parallélépipède rectangle, destiné à être dressé verticalement et accolé à des éléments adjacents par ses chants verticaux latéraux, caractérisé par le fait que sa paroi externe, initialement plane, présente des renfoncements verticaux constitués par un repli de cette paroi, et dont la largeur naturelle peut être augmentée ou, au contraire, réduite, de sorte qu'il est possible de donner à l'élément une courbure concave ou convexe.In addition, said spacers must have the same height as the block to prevent the escape of concrete. The above-mentioned objectives are achieved, in accordance with the invention, thanks to the fact that the wall element consists of a box in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, intended to be erected vertically and adjoined to adjacent elements by its lateral vertical edges, characterized by the fact that its initially planar outer wall has vertical recesses formed by a folding of this wall, and the natural width of which can be increased or, on the contrary, reduced, so that it is possible to give the element a concave or convex curvature.
La paroi externe de l'élément n'est donc pas ouverte. De plus, le repli de paroi délimitant le renfoncement constitue une nervure de renforcement, si bien que la paroi résiste de manière satisfaisante au poids du béton coulé.The external wall of the element is therefore not open. In addition, the wall fold delimiting the recess constitutes a reinforcing rib, so that the wall resists the weight of the poured concrete satisfactorily.
Par ailleurs, selon un certain nombre de caractéristiques additionnelles, non limitatives de l'invention :Furthermore, according to a certain number of additional, non-limiting characteristics of the invention:
- l'élément est compartimenté par des cloisons verticales transversales, et comporte un renfoncement au droit de chaque compartiment ; - sa paroi interne est une double paroi permettant une bonne isolation thermique ;- The element is compartmentalized by vertical transverse partitions, and includes a recess to the right of each compartment; - its internal wall is a double wall allowing good thermal insulation;
- sa paroi externe est également une double paroi, excepté en vis-à-vis des renfoncements (bonne isolation) ;- its external wall is also a double wall, except opposite the recesses (good insulation);
- ses chants latéraux sont à double paroi ; - chacun de ses chants latéraux possède des organes d'emboîtement complémentaires permettant sa fixation par clipsage contre le chant d'un élément adjacent ;- its side edges are double-walled; - Each of its side edges has complementary nesting members allowing its fixing by clipping against the edge of an adjacent element;
- l'élément est réalisé en matière plastique extradée ;- the element is made of extruded plastic;
- lesdits renfoncements présentent un fond semi-cylindrique, ou approxima- tivement semi-cylindrique.- Said recesses have a semi-cylindrical bottom, or approximately semi-cylindrical.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, la modification de largeur desdits renfoncements verticaux est réalisée au moyen d'organes écarteurs, adaptés pour augmenter cette largeur, ou au moyen de pinces, adaptées, au contraire, pour la réduire. Dans cette hypothèse, avantageusement, le fond semi-cylindrique, ou approximativement semi-cylindrique, desdits renfoncements est bordé par une paire de rainures aptes à recevoir les organes écarteurs.According to a first embodiment of the invention, the modification of the width of said vertical recesses is carried out by means of spacer members, adapted to increase this width, or by means of pliers, adapted, on the contrary, to reduce it. In this case, advantageously, the semi-cylindrical, or approximately semi-cylindrical, bottom of said recesses is bordered by a pair of grooves capable of receiving the spacer members.
Lesdits organes écarteurs sont par exemple des plaquettes de forme générale rectangulaire, qui assurent l'écartement des rainures par rotation à quart de tour, tandis que lesdites pinces ont la forme approximative d'un "C" et sont mises en place par translation, en direction verticale, à l'intérieur de l'élément, autour des renfoncements. Selon une caractéristique possible de l'élément, ses chants verticaux latéraux et - le cas échéant - ses cloisons verticales transversales présentent des ouvertures autorisant le passage du béton coulé.Said spacer members are for example plates of generally rectangular shape, which ensure the spacing of the grooves by quarter-turn rotation, while said clamps have the approximate shape of a "C" and are put in place by translation, in vertical direction, inside the element, around the recesses. According to a possible characteristic of the element, its lateral vertical edges and - if necessary - its transverse vertical partitions have openings allowing the passage of poured concrete.
Selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention, la mise en forme de l'élément est assurée au moyen d'une paire de barrettes horizontales aptes à être emboîtées dans son épaisseur, d'une part à sa base, d'autre part à sa partie supérieure.According to a second embodiment of the invention, the shaping of the element is ensured by means of a pair of horizontal bars capable of being fitted into its thickness, on the one hand at its base, on the other hand at its top.
Les ouvertures sus-mentionnées qui se trouvent à la base et à la partie supérieure de l'élément sont ouvertes, respectivement vers le bas et vers le haut, constituant des échancrures servant à l'emboîtement desdites barrettes. L'invention a également pour objet:The aforementioned openings which are at the base and at the top of the element are open, respectively downwards and upwards, constituting notches serving for the interlocking of said bars. The subject of the invention is also:
- un ensemble d'organes écarteurs et de pinces, de dimensions différentes, associé à un élément, conformément au premier mode de réalisation ;- A set of spacer members and clamps, of different dimensions, associated with an element, in accordance with the first embodiment;
- une barrette de mise en forme associée à un élément, conformément au second mode de réalisation. Cette barrette de mise en forme de l'élément présente avantageusement les caractéristiques suivantes :- a shaping bar associated with an element, in accordance with the second embodiment. This element shaping bar advantageously has the following characteristics:
- ses extrémités présentent des profils d'emboîtement complémentaires mâle/femelle permettant la fixation bout-à-bout de plusieurs barrettes ;- Its ends have complementary male / female interlocking profiles allowing the end-to-end fixing of several bars;
- elle comporte des ouvertures verticales destinées à recevoir des fers d'armature pour le béton coulé ;- It has vertical openings intended to receive reinforcing bars for poured concrete;
- elle est pourvue de pattes latérales servant à la fixer au sol ;- it is provided with lateral legs used to fix it to the ground;
- elle est réalisée en matière plastique moulée, et elle comprend deux parois latérales délimitant un espace intérieur ouvert vers le haut et vers le bas, reliées par des nervures de renforcement ; - l'une de ces parois latérales présente des fentes verticales qui facilitent son cintrage.- It is made of molded plastic, and it has two side walls defining an interior space open upwards and downwards, connected by reinforcing ribs; - one of these side walls has vertical slots which facilitate its bending.
L'invention concerne également un ensemble d'organes écarteurs et de pinces, de dimensions différentes, associé à un tel élément.The invention also relates to a set of spacer members and clamps, of different dimensions, associated with such an element.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront de la description et des dessins annexés qui en présentent, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, un mode de réalisation possible. Sur les dessins :Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear from the description and the appended drawings which present, by way of nonlimiting example, a possible embodiment. In the drawings:
- la figure 1 est une vue de dessus schématique d'un élément conforme à l'invention ; - la figure 2 est une vue de dessus schématique d'un élément d'angle pouvant s'adapter à l'élément de la figure 1 ; - la figure 3 représente un élément dont la largeur est moitié de celui de la figure 1, ce "demi-élément" étant obtenu par découpage de l'élément de la figure 1 ;- Figure 1 is a schematic top view of an element according to the invention; - Figure 2 is a schematic top view of a corner element capable of adapting to the element of Figure 1; - Figure 3 shows an element whose width is half that of Figure 1, this "half-element" being obtained by cutting the element of Figure 1;
- la figure 4 représente, à plus grande échelle, et plus en détail, la portion d'extrémité latérale de l'élément de la figure 1 ; - la figure 5 est également une vue à plus grande échelle de l'élément d'angle de la figure 2 ;- Figure 4 shows, on a larger scale, and in more detail, the lateral end portion of the element of Figure 1; - Figure 5 is also an enlarged view of the corner element of Figure 2;
- la figure 6 est une vue en perspective, avec des parties arrachées d'une portion d'extrémité d'un élément ;- Figure 6 is a perspective view, with parts cut away from an end portion of an element;
- la figure 7 est une vue de face, côté extérieur, de l'élément de la figure 1 (à plus petite échelle) ;- Figure 7 is a front view, external side, of the element of Figure 1 (on a smaller scale);
- les figures 8 et 9 sont des vues schématiques similaires à celles de la figure 1, qui illustrent le mode de cintrage de l'élément, respectivement à l'aide d'éléments écarteurs (pour le rendre concave), et à l'aide de pinces (pour le rendre convexe), dans un premier mode de mise en oeuvre de l'invention. - les figures 10 et 11 sont des vues respectivement de face et de dessus d'un élément écarteur ;- Figures 8 and 9 are schematic views similar to those of Figure 1, which illustrate the method of bending the element, respectively using spacer elements (to make it concave), and using clamps (to make it convex), in a first embodiment of the invention. - Figures 10 and 11 are respectively front and top views of a spacer element;
- les figures 12 et 13 sont des vues respectivement de dessus et de gauche d'une pince ;- Figures 12 and 13 are respectively top and left views of a clamp;
- la figure 14 est une vue partielle, en partie coupée, similaire à celle de la figure 7, qui représente un renfoncement à l'état écarté ;- Figure 14 is a partial view, partly cut, similar to that of Figure 7, which shows a recess in the open state;
- la figure 15 représente, en coupe transversale, une variante de la paroi arrière de l'élément, au niveau d'un renfoncement ;- Figure 15 shows, in cross section, a variant of the rear wall of the element, at a recess;
- la figure 16 est une vue de dessus schématique, montrant une partie du pourtour d'une piscine construite à l'aide d'un certain nombre d'éléments conformes à l'invention.- Figure 16 is a schematic top view showing a part of the periphery of a swimming pool constructed using a number of elements according to the invention.
Les figures 17 à 21 illustrent un second mode de mise en oeuvre de l'invention.Figures 17 to 21 illustrate a second embodiment of the invention.
La figure 17 est une vue en perspective d'une barrette de mise en forme, destinée à être associée à un élément conforme à l'invention lors de la construction de la piscine ;Figure 17 is a perspective view of a shaping bar, intended to be associated with an element according to the invention during the construction of the pool;
- la figure 18 est une vue de dessus de la barrette de la figure 17 ;- Figure 18 is a top view of the bar of Figure 17;
- la figure 19 est une vue partielle, similaire à la figure 18, illustrant le mode d'assemblage bout-à-bout de deux barrettes ;- Figure 19 is a partial view, similar to Figure 18, illustrating the method of end-to-end assembly of two bars;
- la figure 20 est une vue de dessus similaire à la figure 18, qui représente une variante de la barrette ;- Figure 20 is a top view similar to Figure 18, which shows a variant of the bar;
- les figures 20A et 20B sont des vues analogues à la figure 20, montrant des déformations par cintrage de la barrette, dans des sens différents ; - la figure 21 est une vue éclatée, schématique et en perspective, illustrant l'érection d'une paroi de piscine mettant en oeuvre des barrettes similaires à celles des figures 18 ou 20.- Figures 20A and 20B are views similar to Figure 20, showing deformations by bending the bar, in different directions; FIG. 21 is an exploded view, diagrammatic and in perspective, illustrating the erection of a swimming pool wall using bars similar to those of FIGS. 18 or 20.
L'élément 1 illustré par les figures 1 et 7 est un élément monobloc, en matière plastique relativement rigide, mais légèrement flexible, par exemple en PVC, obtenu par extrusion.The element 1 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 7 is a one-piece element, made of relatively rigid, but slightly flexible plastic material, for example PVC, obtained by extrusion.
La paroi a une épaisseur de l'ordre de 1,2 mm.The wall has a thickness of the order of 1.2 mm.
Il s'agit d'un panneau creux, en forme de caisson parallélépipèdique rectangle, de section transversale constante, ouvert à ses deux extrémités. Les extrémités ouvertes sont les extrémités haute et basse lorsque le panneau est érigé en position verticale, dans sa position normale pour la construction d'une piscine.It is a hollow panel, in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped box, of constant cross section, open at both ends. The open ends are the upper and lower ends when the panel is erected in a vertical position, in its normal position for the construction of a swimming pool.
Ce type d'élément est destiné en particulier à la construction d'une piscine enterrée, ou semi-enterrée, et l'élément sert de coffrage recevant une coulée de béton. Il s'agit d'un coffrage perdu, le coffrage lui-même servant d'élément de paroi une fois que le béton a pris.This type of element is intended in particular for the construction of a buried, or semi-buried swimming pool, and the element serves as formwork receiving a concrete pour. It is a lost formwork, the formwork itself serving as a wall element once the concrete has set.
A titre indicatif, l'élément a par exemple une longueur L de 500mm, une largeur 1 de 125mm.As an indication, the element has for example a length L of 500mm, a width 1 of 125mm.
Sa hauteur H correspond à la hauteur de la paroi de la piscine. Cette hauteur est par exemple comprise entre 0,90 et 2,10 m. La dimension de hauteur n'est pas critique pour la fabrication de l'élément, dans la mesure où il est réalisé par extrusion, si bien qu'il est facile de le couper en tronçons de longueur souhaitée, qui correspondra à la hauteur de la piscine.Its height H corresponds to the height of the wall of the pool. This height is for example between 0.90 and 2.10 m. The height dimension is not critical for the manufacture of the element, since it is produced by extrusion, so that it is easy to cut it into sections of desired length, which will correspond to the height of the swimming pool.
Cet élément a été désigné par la référence 1, sa paroi interne, c'est-à-dire tournée vers l'intérieur de la future piscine, est référencée 10. Pour une bonne isolation thermique, il s'agit de préférence d'une double paroi compartimentée, dont la face interneThis element has been designated by the reference 1, its internal wall, that is to say facing the interior of the future swimming pool, is referenced 10. For good thermal insulation, it is preferably a double partitioned wall, the internal side
(lisse) est référencée 100. C'est contre cette face 100 que viendra s'appliquer le film d'étanchéité - usuellement appelé "liner" - de la piscine.(smooth) is referenced 100. It is against this face 100 that the sealing film - usually called "liner" - of the swimming pool will be applied.
On a désigné par les références 11 et 12 les parois d'extrémité transversales, ou chants, de l'élément. Ceux-ci sont également à double paroi (structure alvéolaire), de manière à ce que l'élément présente une bonne résistance mécanique.The transverse end walls, or edges, of the element have been designated by the references 11 and 12. These are also double-walled (honeycomb structure), so that the element has good mechanical strength.
Dans le mode de réalisation illustré, l'espace intérieur du caisson est compartimenté par des cloisons transversales verticales, au nombre de trois, à savoir une cloison centrale à double paroi 13 et deux cloisons intermédiaires simples 15. Ces cloisons améliorent très notablement la résistance mécanique de l'élément, et empêchent la déformation des parois interne et externe sous la pression de la masse du béton coulé. La paroi externe 14 (simple paroi) présente quatre replis qui définissent autant de renfoncements verticaux 4, situés au droit de la partie centrale de chacun des compartiments, dont l'espace intérieur est référencé E.In the illustrated embodiment, the interior space of the box is compartmentalized by vertical transverse partitions, three in number, namely a central double-walled partition 13 and two simple intermediate partitions 15. These partitions very significantly improve the mechanical strength of the element, and prevent the deformation of the internal and external walls under the pressure of the mass of poured concrete. The outer wall 14 (single wall) has four folds which define as many vertical recesses 4, located to the right of the central part of each of the compartments, the interior space of which is referenced E.
Comme on le verra plus loin, en référence notamment à la figure 4, la forme de ces renfoncements, qui sont ouverts vers l'extérieur, autorise une déformation de la paroi, soit dans le sens de la réduction de largeur du renfoncement, soit au contraire dans le sens de l'augmentation de sa largeur.As will be seen below, with particular reference to FIG. 4, the shape of these recesses, which are open towards the outside, allows a deformation of the wall, either in the direction of the reduction in width of the recess, or at otherwise in the direction of increasing its width.
Les parois latérales 11, 12 de l'élément sont pourvues d'un jeu d'organes d'encliquetage élastiques mâle/femelle 2, 3. L'organe mâle 2 consiste en une paire de languettes à bec anti-retour, qui s'étendent verticalement, parallèlement à la grande direction de l'élément, tandis que l'organe femelle est une rainure verticale destinée à recevoir lesdites languettes 2.The side walls 11, 12 of the element are provided with a set of elastic male / female latching members 2, 3. The male member 2 consists of a pair of tongues with non-return spouts, which extend vertically, parallel to the large direction of the element, while the female member is a vertical groove intended to receive said tongues 2.
Les positions des éléments 2 et 3 sont inversées d'un champ à l'autre, de telle manière qu'on puisse obtenir la fixation par clipsage de deux éléments adjacents, mis bout-à-bout.The positions of elements 2 and 3 are reversed from one field to another, in such a way that it is possible to obtain the fixing by clipping of two adjacent elements, placed end to end.
Dans l'exemple illustré, la cloison centrale 13 possède également des éléments mâle 2' et femelle 3' analogues à ceux de la paroi d'extrémité 11.In the example illustrated, the central partition 13 also has male 2 ′ and female 3 ′ elements similar to those of the end wall 11.
Grâce à cette disposition, il est facile d'obtenir un demi-élément, tel que l'élément l' représenté à la figure 3, par simple découpage d'un élément entier au niveau de sa cloison centrale 13.Thanks to this arrangement, it is easy to obtain a half-element, such as the element 1 'shown in FIG. 3, by simply cutting out an entire element at its central partition 13.
La figure 2 montre un élément d'angle 5.Figure 2 shows a corner element 5.
Il s'agit d'un caisson vertical, de contour carré, dont l'espace intérieur est référencé F.It is a vertical box, with a square outline, the interior space of which is referenced F.
Ce caisson a une double paroi 50 sur chacune de ses faces, et possède, sur deux faces adjacentes, des éléments de clipsage mâle/femelle 2a, 3a d'une part et 2b, 3b d'autre part.This box has a double wall 50 on each of its faces, and has, on two adjacent faces, male / female clipping elements 2a, 3a on the one hand and 2b, 3b on the other hand.
Cet élément 5 permet donc le raccordement de deux éléments 1 perpendiculairement l'un à l'autre, dans une partie d'angle de la piscine.This element 5 therefore allows the connection of two elements 1 perpendicular to each other, in a corner part of the pool.
La figure 4 montre en détail la configuration d'un renfoncement 4. Celui-ci a une forme symétrique, par rapport à un plan transversal. Il comprend une entrée bordée par deux faces transversales 40, se prolongeant par des rainures transversales 41, et un fond approximativement semi-cylindrique 42.Figure 4 shows in detail the configuration of a recess 4. It has a symmetrical shape, relative to a transverse plane. It comprises an entry bordered by two transverse faces 40, extending by transverse grooves 41, and an approximately semi-cylindrical bottom 42.
Le fond 42 est élastiquement déformable par suite de la flexibilité de la paroi 14. II convient de noter que le renfoncement 4 forme partie intégrante de la paroi externe 14, et chacun des compartiments E est donc complètement obturé de tous côtés. Il est ouvert seulement à ses extrémités haute et basse, pour permettre le passage d'armatures et la coulée du béton.The bottom 42 is elastically deformable due to the flexibility of the wall 14. It should be noted that the recess 4 forms an integral part of the external wall 14, and each of the compartments E is therefore completely closed on all sides. It is open only at its upper and lower ends, to allow the passage of reinforcements and the pouring of concrete.
Les vues des figures 4 et 5 montrent également la configuration des organes mâle et femelle 2, 3. On notera que la partie mâle est portée par une partie saillante 20 de la paroi, qui vient se centrer dans un lamage complémentaire 30 bordant l'ouverture au moment du clipsage.The views of FIGS. 4 and 5 also show the configuration of the male and female members 2, 3. It will be noted that the male part is carried by a projecting part 20 of the wall, which is centered in a complementary counterbore 30 bordering the opening at the time of clipping.
Une configuration similaire est prévue sur l'élément d'angle 5.A similar configuration is provided on the corner element 5.
Comme cela est visible sur la figure 6, les chants d'extrémité (parois latérales) et les cloisons internes de l'élément 1 sont percées par des ouvertures 16.As can be seen in FIG. 6, the end edges (side walls) and the internal partitions of the element 1 are pierced by openings 16.
Sur la figure, ne sont représentées que le chant 11 et une cloison 15. Des ouvertures similaires sont ménagées dans le chant opposé et dans les autres cloisons internes (non visibles sur la figure).In the figure, only the edge 11 and a partition 15 are shown. Similar openings are made in the opposite edge and in the other internal partitions (not visible in the figure).
Elles ont avantageusement une forme circulaire, découpée à la scie-cloche. Ces ouvertures 16 sont disposées suivant une ligne verticale, à espacement régulier.They advantageously have a circular shape, cut out with a hole saw. These openings 16 are arranged in a vertical line, at regular spacing.
A titre indicatif, pour une largeur de cloisons de l'ordre de 120 mm, leur diamètre et leur espacement seront tous deux de l'ordre de 50 mm.As an indication, for a width of partitions of the order of 120 mm, their diameter and their spacing will both be of the order of 50 mm.
Des ouvertures analogues sont ménagées dans les deux parois 50 de l'élément d'angle 5, contre lesquelles viennent s'appliquer les éléments 1.Similar openings are formed in the two walls 50 of the corner element 5, against which the elements 1 are applied.
Le rôle de ces ouvertures est de laisser s'écouler le béton coulé d'un compartiment à l'autre (au sein d'un même élément), et d'un élément à l'autre. Il y a ainsi un envahissement de l'ensemble des éléments par le béton, et on obtient une structure monolithique globale. Bien entendu, le dimensionnement et le positionnement des ouvertures sont les mêmes pour l'ensemble des éléments, afin que la série d'ouvertures d'un élément vienne en regard de celle de l'élément adjacent lorsque deux éléments sont accolés et fixés l'un à l'autre par leurs chants d'extrémité.The role of these openings is to let the poured concrete flow from one compartment to another (within the same element), and from one element to another. There is thus an invasion of all the elements by the concrete, and a global monolithic structure is obtained. Of course, the dimensioning and the positioning of the openings are the same for all the elements, so that the series of openings of an element comes opposite that of the adjacent element when two elements are joined and fixed the to each other by their end edges.
Dans un premier mode possible de réalisation de l'invention, le cintrage de l'élément est réalisé au moyen d'éléments écarteurs ou de pinces.In a first possible embodiment of the invention, the element is bent by means of spacer elements or clamps.
Les figures 10 et 11 représentent un élément écarteur.Figures 10 and 11 show a spacer element.
Il s'agit d'une pièce 6 en matière plastique injectée, à résistance mécanique élevée, formée d'une embase 60 et d'un tenon 600.It is a piece 6 of injected plastic, with high mechanical resistance, formed by a base 60 and a tenon 600.
L'embase 60 a une forme générale approximativement rectangulaire, ses petits côtés 61 ayant une dimension B et ses grands côtés 62 une dimension A supérieure à B. Deux de ses angles opposés sont arrondis pour former des surfaces de came 63.The base 60 has an approximately rectangular general shape, its short sides 61 having a dimension B and its long sides 62 a dimension A greater than B. Two of its opposite angles are rounded to form cam surfaces 63.
Le tenon 600, de section carrée, est perpendiculaire à l'embase 60, et est disposé au centre de cette dernière. II est prévu un jeu d'éléments 6 de dimensions différentes.The tenon 600, of square section, is perpendicular to the base 60, and is arranged in the center of the latter. A set of elements 6 of different dimensions is provided.
Dans ce jeu, la cote B est toujours la même, mais les cotes A sont différentes.In this game, the odds B are always the same, but the odds A are different.
En pratique, on choisira une dimension B légèrement plus petite que la valeur de l'écartement mutuel des deux bords d'entrée de renfoncement 40 (voir figure 4).In practice, we will choose a dimension B slightly smaller than the value of the mutual spacing of the two recess entry edges 40 (see FIG. 4).
Ainsi, si ces deux parties sont distantes de 41mm, on choisira par exemple B = 40mm.Thus, if these two parts are distant from 41mm, one will choose for example B = 40mm.
La valeur A sera plus grande que la valeur de l'écartement mutuel des fonds de rainures 41. Ainsi, si cette valeur est de 50mm, on pourra prévoir un jeu de quatre éléments écarteurs ayant des dimensions A de 56, 58, 60 et 62mm.The value A will be greater than the value of the mutual spacing of the bottoms of grooves 41. Thus, if this value is 50mm, one can provide a set of four spacer elements having dimensions A of 56, 58, 60 and 62mm .
La pince 7 - également en plastique injecté - illustrée aux figures 12 et 13 a la forme générale d'un "C" composée d'une platine 70 et d'une paire de mâchoires 71. La pince 7 est destinée à venir à l'intérieur de l'espace E ; elle est adaptée pour être mise en place par translation de haut en bas autour du renfoncement 4, de telle sorte que les mâchoires 71 viennent se placer contre le dos des bords 40 d'entrée du renfoncement 4. Comme pour les organes écarteurs, il est prévu un jeu de pinces 7, qui ont des dimensions C différentes.The clamp 7 - also made of injected plastic - illustrated in Figures 12 and 13 has the general shape of a "C" composed of a plate 70 and a pair of jaws 71. The clamp 7 is intended to come to the interior of space E; it is adapted to be put in place by translation from top to bottom around the recess 4, so that the jaws 71 are placed against the back of the entry edges 40 of the recess 4. As for the spacer members, it is provided a set of clamps 7, which have different dimensions C.
A titre indicatif, si l'écartement mutuel des parties 40 du renfoncement est de 41mm, on pourra prévoir un jeu de quatre pinces 7, ayant des dimensions C respectivement de 40, 39, 38 et 37mm.As an indication, if the mutual spacing of the portions 40 of the recess is 41mm, one could provide a set of four clamps 7, having dimensions C of 40, 39, 38 and 37mm respectively.
Les figures 8 et 9 permettent de comprendre comment la mise en place des éléments écarteurs 6 ou des pinces 7 permet de réaliser le cintrage de l'élément, de telle manière que sa face interne 100 ait un cintrage concave ou, respectivement convexe.FIGS. 8 and 9 make it possible to understand how the positioning of the spacer elements 6 or of the clamps 7 makes it possible to carry out the bending of the element, so that its internal face 100 has a concave or, respectively convex, bending.
Dans un cas, l'action de l'élément écarteur 6 a pour effet d'ouvrir la partie semi-cylindrique 42. La longueur de la paroi externe 14 est augmentée, ce qui oblige l'élément à se cintrer comme illustré à la figure 8.In one case, the action of the spacer element 6 has the effect of opening the semi-cylindrical part 42. The length of the external wall 14 is increased, which forces the element to bend as illustrated in the figure. 8.
Dans l'autre cas, au contraire, la pince 7 a pour effet de refermer la partie 42. La longueur de la paroi 14 diminue, et l'élément se cintre en sens inverse (figure 9). Chacun des renfoncements 4 joue le rôle d'un soufflet qui autorise la déformation de l'élément.In the other case, on the contrary, the clamp 7 has the effect of closing the part 42. The length of the wall 14 decreases, and the element bends in the opposite direction (FIG. 9). Each of the recesses 4 plays the role of a bellows which authorizes the deformation of the element.
L'amplitude de cette déformation, bien entendu, est fonction des dimensions de l'élément 6 ou 7 utilisé. Bien sûr, si on n'utilise aucun élément 6 ou 7, l'élément conserve sa configuration initiale, en forme de panneau plan.The amplitude of this deformation, of course, is a function of the dimensions of the element 6 or 7 used. Of course, if no element 6 or 7 is used, the element retains its initial configuration, in the form of a flat panel.
Pour un même élément, il est possible d'utiliser des organes 6 ou 7 qui n'ont pas les mêmes dimensions, afin de lui donner un cintrage progressif. Pour chacun des renfoncements, on utilisera un nombre d'éléments écarteurs ou un nombre de pinces plus ou moins important, ceci en fonction de la hauteur de l'élément.For the same element, it is possible to use members 6 or 7 which do not have the same dimensions, in order to give it a progressive bending. For each of the recesses, a number of spacer elements or a number of clamps more or less important will be used, this depending on the height of the element.
Pour des hauteurs ordinaires (1 mètre environ), on utilisera par exemple trois éléments, l'un en partie haute, l'autre en partie centrale et le troisième en partie basse.For ordinary heights (about 1 meter), three elements will be used, for example, one in the upper part, the other in the central part and the third in the lower part.
C'est ce qui a été prévu sur l'illustration de la figure 14 ; cette figure permet de comprendre comment se fait la mise en place des organes écarteurs 6.This is what has been provided in the illustration of FIG. 14; this figure makes it possible to understand how the spacer members 6 are placed.
Sur cette vue les organes inférieur et central 6 sont déjà en place. L'élément supérieur est présenté de telle manière que sa grande dimension soit verticale, c'est-à-dire parallèle aux rainures 41 , le tenon 600 étant tourné vers l'extérieur.In this view, the lower and central members 6 are already in place. The upper element is presented in such a way that its large dimension is vertical, that is to say parallel to the grooves 41, the tenon 600 being turned outwards.
On fait descendre l'organe 6 par translation T dans le renfoncement.The member 6 is lowered by translation T into the recess.
Cette opération est facile du fait que la dimension B mentionnée plus haut est plus faible que la largeur d'entrée du renfoncement. Ceci est surtout intéressant pour la mise en place du premier organe 6, qui va "ouvrir" le renfoncement. Quand il est arrivé au niveau souhaité, on le fait tourner d'un quart de tour, comme symbolisé par la flèche R. Cette opération peut être faite à l'aide d'une clé s'adaptant sur le tenon carré 600. Les zones courbes 63 repoussent les bords de l'ouverture à la manière de cames, après quoi l'organe 6 est automatiquement retenu par friction contre les rainures 41.This operation is easy because the dimension B mentioned above is smaller than the entry width of the recess. This is especially interesting for the establishment of the first member 6, which will "open" the recess. When it has reached the desired level, it is rotated a quarter of a turn, as symbolized by the arrow R. This operation can be done using a wrench that fits onto the square tenon 600. The zones curves 63 push the edges of the opening in the manner of cams, after which the member 6 is automatically retained by friction against the grooves 41.
Les pinces 7 sont mises en place par simple translation axiale à l'intérieur des compartiments.The clamps 7 are put in place by simple axial translation inside the compartments.
On notera que les mâchoires 71 ont des bords biseautés qui facilitent l'adaptation des pinces sur les zones 40 du renfoncement au moment de cette mise en place.Note that the jaws 71 have beveled edges which facilitate the adaptation of the clamps on the areas 40 of the recess at the time of this establishment.
Dans une variante du système, les bords des renfoncements et les pinces sont conformées de telle manière que lesdites pinces puissent être mise en place non pas à l'intérieur, mais à l'extérieur des compartiments (comme les organes écarteurs).In a variant of the system, the edges of the recesses and the clips are shaped in such a way that said clips can be placed not inside, but outside of the compartments (like the spacer members).
Pour construire la paroi de la piscine, on fixe les uns à côté des autres des éléments 1, en les cintrant éventuellement dans un sens ou dans l'autre, et selon l 'amplitude souhaitée, au fur et à mesure de la formation du contour de la piscine. II convient de noter que, malgré le cintrage, les chants latéraux 11, 12 restent perpendiculaires aux parois interne 10 et externe 14, de sorte que les chants en contact de deux blocs voisins s'appliquent parfaitement l'un contre l'autre. Cette construction se fait dans une fosse préalablement creusée et pourvue d'un socle en béton muni de ferrures ou autres éléments d'armatures dépassants, sur lesquels on emmanche les éléments au cours de l'opération.To build the pool wall, elements 1 are fixed next to each other, possibly bending them in one direction or the other, and according to the desired amplitude, as the contour is formed. of the swimming pool. It should be noted that, despite the bending, the lateral edges 11, 12 remain perpendicular to the internal walls 10 and external 14, so that the edges in contact with two neighboring blocks are applied perfectly against each other. This construction is done in a pit previously dug and provided with a concrete base provided with fittings or other protruding reinforcing elements, on which the elements are inserted during the operation.
Dans les angles, on utilise des éléments 5. Le cas échéant, on utilise également des demi-éléments 1 ' , cintrés ou non.In the corners, elements 5 are used. Where appropriate, half-elements 1 ′, curved or not, are also used.
On coule ensuite du béton à l'intérieur de l'ensemble des éléments.Concrete is then poured inside all of the elements.
Le béton peut circuler d'un compartiment à l'autre et d'un élément à l'élément voisin, à travers les ouvertures 16 sus-mentionnées. On obtient donc une structure monolithique. La présence des pinces 7 dans les espaces E des compartiments ne contrarie absolument pas cette opération.Concrete can flow from one compartment to another and from one element to the neighboring element, through the aforementioned openings 16. We therefore obtain a monolithic structure. The presence of the clamps 7 in the spaces E of the compartments absolutely does not contradict this operation.
Bien entendu, la présence éventuelle d'organes 6 n'est pas gênante non plus, puisque ces organes se trouvent à l'extérieur des espaces E.Of course, the possible presence of organs 6 is not a problem either, since these organs are located outside the spaces E.
Il est important de constater que le renfoncement de paroi 4, qui forme partie intégrante de la paroi externe 14 de l'élément, constitue non seulement une partie déformable, autorisant le cintrage, mais aussi une nervure qui renforce considérablement la paroi extérieure lors du coulage du béton.It is important to note that the wall recess 4, which forms an integral part of the external wall 14 of the element, constitutes not only a deformable part, allowing bending, but also a rib which considerably reinforces the external wall during casting. concrete.
Après prise du béton, on comble au moyen de remblais l'espace extérieur de la piscine. II reste alors à réaliser la finition (pose du "liner", de la margelle, etc.).After setting the concrete, the exterior space of the pool is filled with backfill. It then remains to carry out the finishing (installation of the "liner", the coping, etc.).
Dans la variante illustrée à la figure 15, la paroi externe 14 est également (comme la paroi interne 10) une paroi alvéolaire - ou double paroi - formée de deux "peaux" 140-141 reliées par un cloisonnement 142.In the variant illustrated in FIG. 15, the external wall 14 is also (like the internal wall 10) a honeycomb wall - or double wall - formed of two "skins" 140-141 connected by a partition 142.
Sur cette figure, l'espace intérieur E de l'élément est situé sur la gauche. Cette double paroi est néanmoins interrompue au droit du renfoncement 4, seule la peau interne 141 se prolongeant à ce niveau pour former le repli constitutif du renfoncement.In this figure, the interior space E of the element is located on the left. This double wall is nevertheless interrupted at the level of the recess 4, only the internal skin 141 extending at this level to form the fold constituting the recess.
Dans cette variante, la rigidité de la paroi arrière 14 est sensiblement renforcée. Le fait que le renfoncement soit à simple paroi n'est pas gênant puisque - comme déjà expliqué - ce renfoncement joue le rôle d'une nervure de renforcement.In this variant, the rigidity of the rear wall 14 is significantly increased. The fact that the recess is single wall is not a problem since - as already explained - this recess plays the role of a reinforcing rib.
Sur l'illustration de la figure 16, qui montre une portion de paroi d'une piscine ainsi construite, on a représenté un élément d'angle 5 qui se raccorde d'un côté à un élément 1A, et de l'autre côté (suivant une direction à 90°) à un demi-élément 1 '.In the illustration of FIG. 16, which shows a portion of the wall of a swimming pool thus constructed, there has been shown a corner element 5 which is connected on one side to an element 1A, and on the other side ( in a 90 ° direction) to a half-element 1 '.
L'espace intérieur de la piscine est désigné El sur la figure. Le demi-élément 1 ' se raccorde à deux éléments courbes concaves 1B, 1C. Sur cette même figure, on a représenté le béton 101 coulé à l'intérieur des différents éléments, ainsi que le film d'étanchéité, qui s'applique contre la face interne de la paroi. Ce film, représenté en traits interrompus, est référencé 102.The interior space of the swimming pool is designated El in the figure. The half-element 1 'is connected to two concave curved elements 1B, 1C. This same figure shows the concrete 101 poured inside the various elements, as well as the sealing film, which is applied against the internal face of the wall. This film, shown in broken lines, is referenced 102.
Il est possible de produire des éléments conformes à l'invention à un coût raisonnable, par le procédé d'extrusion, car il suffit d'une filière unique pour obtenir un élément pouvant avoir des configurations de forme différente.It is possible to produce elements in accordance with the invention at a reasonable cost, by the extrusion process, since a single die is sufficient to obtain an element which can have configurations of different shape.
Ceci est également avantageux pour le stockage des éléments, puisqu'un seul modèle d'élément doit être stocké.This is also beneficial for storing items, since only one item template needs to be stored.
Il est seulement nécessaire de prévoir des jeux d'organes écarteurs 6 ou de pinces 7 ayant des dimensions différentes.It is only necessary to provide sets of spacer members 6 or clamps 7 having different dimensions.
Ces pièces étant d'un prix de revient relativement modique, le problème de stockage n'est pas essentiel.Since these parts are relatively inexpensive, the storage problem is not essential.
Il va de soi que la forme de renfoncement représentée sur les figures n'est qu'un exemple possible ; d'autres formes peuvent être prévues. Dans un second mode de réalisation possible de l 'invention, illustré par les figures 17 à 21, des organes de mise en forme sont associés aux éléments de paroi 1.It goes without saying that the form of recess shown in the figures is only one possible example; other forms may be provided. In a second possible embodiment of the invention, illustrated by FIGS. 17 to 21, shaping members are associated with the wall elements 1.
Sur la figure 21, les mêmes références ont été utilisées pour désigner les différentes parties de cet élément, identiques ou similaires à celles illustrées sur les figures l à 7. La barrette 8 représentée sur les figures 17 et 18 est une pièce monobloc en matière plastique moulée par injection. Il s'agit d'une pièce en forme générale de parallélépipède rectangle, dont la dimension longitudinale est relativement grande par rapport à la dimension transversale et à la hauteur, ce qui lui confère la forme d'une "barrette". Cette pièce est largement évidée, ouverte vers le haut et vers le bas, ses deux cloisons latérales parallèles 80 étant reliées par des nervures à faces verticales 82 disposées en oblique pour former un cloisonnement en zig-zag. Certaines nervures 82 portent des manchons cylindriques verticaux 83 qui constituent des ouvertures autorisant le passage de fers d'armatures pour le béton coulé. Les extrémités 84 de la barrette comportent chacune un jeu d'organes d'emboîtement mâle/femelle, du type tenon 85 et mortaise 86 en queue d'aronde, qui permettent de fixer simplement bout-à-bout plusieurs éléments par emboîtement de haut en bas. Un tel assemblage est illustré à la figure 19, où deux éléments adjacents 8a, 8b sont représentés partiellement, après solidarisation.In FIG. 21, the same references have been used to designate the different parts of this element, identical or similar to those illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 7. The bar 8 shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 is a single piece of plastic material injection molded. It is a part in the general shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, the longitudinal dimension of which is relatively large compared to the transverse dimension and to the height, which gives it the form of a "bar". This part is largely hollowed out, open upwards and downwards, its two parallel lateral partitions 80 being connected by ribs with vertical faces 82 arranged obliquely to form a zigzag partition. Certain ribs 82 carry vertical cylindrical sleeves 83 which constitute openings allowing the passage of reinforcing bars for the poured concrete. The ends 84 of the bar each have a set of male / female interlocking members, of the tenon 85 and mortise 86 type in dovetail, which allow several elements to be simply fixed end to end by interlocking from top to low. Such an assembly is illustrated in Figure 19, where two adjacent elements 8a, 8b are shown partially, after joining.
A la base de la barrette sont prévues des pattes d'attache 81 présentant une ouverture 810 pour le passage d'un organe de fixation tel qu'une vis. Ces pattes sont par exemple au nombre de trois, l'une placée dans la région centrale d'une face latérale 80, et les deux autres dans les régions d'extrémité de la face latérale opposée. Une telle barrette est destinée à être associée à un élément de paroi 1 tel que celui illustré sur la figure 21 qui, par rapport à l'élément précédemment décrit, présente une particularité quant à ses ouvertures 16 prévues dans ses cloisons transversales 15 et dans ses chants d'extrémité 11, 12. Cette particularité concerne le fait que les ouvertures basse 16' et haute 16" affectent la forme d'échancrures - ou encoches -, c'est-à-dire s'ouvrent vers le bas et vers le haut respectivement. Dans l'exemple illustré, les ouvertures 16 ont la forme de lumières allongées, de direction longitudinale verticale, à extrémités semi-cylindriques, et les échancrures haute et basse correspondent à des demi- ouvertures. La barrette 8, de préférence, a une longueur égale à celle de l'élément 1, soit par exemple de 500 mm.At the base of the bar are provided attachment tabs 81 having an opening 810 for the passage of a fixing member such as a screw. These legs are for example three in number, one placed in the central region of a side face 80, and the other two in the end regions of the opposite side face. Such a bar is intended to be associated with a wall element 1 such as that illustrated in FIG. 21 which, relative to the element previously described, has a particularity with regard to its openings 16 provided in its transverse partitions 15 and in its end edges 11, 12. This feature relates to the fact that the bottom openings 16 'and high 16 "affect the form of notches - or notches -, that is to say open downwards and towards the In the example illustrated, the openings 16 are in the form of elongated openings, of vertical longitudinal direction, with semi-cylindrical ends, and the upper and lower notches correspond to half-openings. has a length equal to that of element 1, for example 500 mm.
Selon une caractéristique importante, ses dimensions transversales sont légèrement inférieures à celles des échancrures 16', 16", de sorte que la barrette peut être encastrée à l'intérieur de ces échancrures, dans l' "épaisseur" de l'élément, sans déborder de celui-ci vers le haut ou vers le bas. A titre indicatif, la barrette 8 a, par exemple, une hauteur de 60 mm et une largeur de 40 mm.According to an important characteristic, its transverse dimensions are slightly smaller than those of the notches 16 ', 16 ", so that the bar can be embedded inside these notches, in the" thickness "of the element, without overflowing from it upwards or downwards. As an indication, the bar 8 has, for example, a height of 60 mm and a width of 40 mm.
Comme on va maintenant l 'expliquer, les barrettes 8 assurent le montage et le chaînage des éléments 1 lors de l'érection de la paroi de la piscine ainsi que, le cas échéant, la mise en forme et le maintien en forme desdits éléments lorsqu'ils doivent être cintrés.As will now be explained, the bars 8 ensure the mounting and chaining of the elements 1 during the erection of the wall of the swimming pool as well as, if necessary, the shaping and the keeping in shape of said elements when 'they must be bent.
Ces barrettes se substituent donc aux éléments écarteurs et/ou aux pinces du premier mode de réalisation décrit. Les renfoncements déformables 4, de largeur variable, peuvent par conséquent être dépourvus des nervures 41 qui servaient à recevoir ces organes ; ils peuvent avoir une paroi 42 simplement semi-cylindrique. La barrette de la figure 20, référencée 8', présente la particularité de pouvoir être facilement cintrée. Pour cela, l'une 80' de ses parois latérales n'est pas continue. Elle est interrompue par des interstices verticaux 800' de largeur i0.These bars therefore replace the spacer elements and / or the clamps of the first embodiment described. The deformable recesses 4, of variable width, can therefore be devoid of the ribs 41 which served to receive these members; they can have a simply semi-cylindrical wall 42. The bar of Figure 20, referenced 8 ', has the distinction of being able to be easily bent. For this, one 80 ′ of its side walls is not continuous. It is interrupted by vertical gaps 800 'of width i 0 .
Cette discontinuité augmente la déformabilité de la barrette, qui peut facilement être mise en forme par cintrage dans un plan horizontal. Les figures 20A et 20B représentent des déformations correspondant à une face 80' rendue concave, avec réduction de la largeur d'interstice 800' (ii < i0), et, respectivement à une face 80' rendue convexe, avec augmentation de la largeur d'interstice (i2 > i0)-This discontinuity increases the deformability of the bar, which can easily be shaped by bending in a horizontal plane. FIGS. 20A and 20B represent deformations corresponding to a face 80 'made concave, with reduction of the gap width 800' (ii < i 0 ), and, respectively to a face 80 'made convex, with increase in width gap (i 2 > i 0 ) -
Les nervures 82 peuvent fléchir légèrement pour autoriser le cintrage de la barrette. La figure 21 illustre l'érection d'un élément plan, au cours de la construction d'une paroi de piscine. On commence par tracer au sol, et plus précisément sur une dalle de bétonThe ribs 82 can bend slightly to allow bending of the bar. Figure 21 illustrates the erection of a planar element during the construction of a swimming pool wall. We start by tracing on the ground, and more precisely on a concrete slab
D préalablement coulée au sol, le contour de la future piscine. On fixe ensuite les barrettes au sol, après leur avoir donné la configuration de courbure appropriée, et en les aboutant par emboîtement de leurs organes d'extrémité mâle/femelle. Cette fixation se fait à l'aide de vis 811 traversant les pattes d'attache 81, que l'on visse dans la dalle.D previously poured on the ground, the outline of the future swimming pool. The bars are then fixed to the ground, after having given them the appropriate configuration of curvature, and abutting them by fitting their male / female end members. This fixing is done using screws 811 passing through the fastening tabs 81, which are screwed into the slab.
On réalise ainsi au sol un profil à contour fermé sur lequel on peut emboîter l'ensemble des éléments de paroi.A closed contour profile is thus produced on the ground on which all of the wall elements can be fitted.
Préalablement à cet emboîtement, on perce dans la dalle D, en utilisant les manchons 83 comme gabarit de perçage, des trous (borgnes) destinés à recevoir les extrémités de fers d'armature 9.Prior to this interlocking, holes are drilled in the slab D, using the sleeves 83 as a drilling template, for receiving the ends of reinforcing bars 9.
On emboîte alors sur la série de barrettes l'ensemble des éléments de paroi, éventuellement en les cintrant, dans un sens ou dans l'autre, pour les adapter à la conformation des barrettes.Then all the wall elements are fitted onto the series of bars, possibly by bending them, in one direction or the other, to adapt them to the conformation of the bars.
Comme illustré sur la figure 21, chaque élément 1 est avantageusement décalé, d'une demi-longueur, par rapport à une barrette. Il est donc placé "à cheval" sur deux barrettes adjacentes.As illustrated in FIG. 21, each element 1 is advantageously offset, by half a length, relative to a bar. It is therefore placed "on horseback" on two adjacent bars.
Toutefois un tel décalage n'est pas obligatoire.However, such a shift is not compulsory.
Les éléments 1 s'emboîtent de haut en bas sur les barrettes 8 par leur échancrure basse 16' qui vient s'encastrer sur la barrette, tandis que le bord périphérique de l'élément vient reposer sur la dalle D.The elements 1 fit from top to bottom on the bars 8 by their low notch 16 'which is fitted on the bar, while the peripheral edge of the element comes to rest on the slab D.
Ainsi les barrettes 8 se trouvent masquées et cachées dans l'épaisseur de la paroi.Thus the bars 8 are hidden and hidden in the thickness of the wall.
Selon une caractéristique importante de l'invention, chaque ouverture 83 est positionnée de telle manière qu'après emboîtement des éléments 1, elle se trouve en regard d'un espace E situé entre deux cloisons transversales 11, 12, 15 (et non pas en regard d'une telle cloison).According to an important characteristic of the invention, each opening 83 is positioned in such a way that after fitting of the elements 1, it is located opposite a space E situated between two transverse partitions 11, 12, 15 (and not in look of such a partition).
Ainsi, il est possible d'introduire de haut en bas à l'intérieur de ces espaces E des fers verticaux 9, dont on enfonce l'extrémité dans les ouvertures 83 et dans les trous préalablement percés dans la dalle. Des ferrures horizontales (non représentées) peuvent également être installées à travers les ouvertures 16 pour constituer, avec les fers verticaux, une armature solide destinée à être noyée dans le béton.Thus, it is possible to introduce from top to bottom inside these spaces E vertical bars 9, the end of which is inserted into the openings 83 and into the holes previously drilled in the slab. Horizontal fittings (not shown) can also be installed through the openings 16 to form, with the vertical bars, a solid frame intended to be embedded in the concrete.
On place ensuite, bout-à-bout, un ensemble de barrettes 8 (en position retournée) dans les échancrures supérieures 16". On enfile ces barrettes par leurs ouvertures 83 sur les parties d'extrémité haute des fers 9, tout en leur donnant la même conformation (courbure éventuelle) que les barrettes basses correspondantes. L'ensemble de la paroi est ainsi parfaitement mis en forme, les séries de barrettes 8 jouant le rôle de chaînages - ou ceintures - périphériques hauts et bas qui rigidifient l'ensemble de l'ouvrage.Then place, end-to-end, a set of bars 8 (in the inverted position) in the upper notches 16 ". These bars are threaded through their openings 83 on the upper end portions of the irons 9, while giving them the same conformation (possible curvature) as the corresponding low bars. The entire wall is thus perfectly shaped, the series of bars 8 playing the role of chaining - or belts - peripheral high and low which stiffen the entire structure.
Le béton peut alors être coulé dans l'ensemble des éléments. La présence des barrettes ne contrarie pas cette coulée puisque les barrettes sont ouvertes vers le haut et vers le bas. Le béton fluide peut s'écouler entre les espaces E, et d'un élément à l'élément voisin, via les ouvertures 16. Il se lie intimement au sol grâce à l'encastrement de la paroi sur les barrettes basses 8 qui, rappelons le, sont solidaires de la dalle D, et aussi grâce à la présence des fers d'armature qui sont enfoncées dans ladite dalle. La présence des ceintures haute et basse empêche tout déplacement relatif des éléments 1 au cours du remplissage.Concrete can then be poured into all of the elements. The presence of the bars does not interfere with this pouring since the bars are open upwards and downwards. The fluid concrete can flow between the spaces E, and from one element to the neighboring element, via the openings 16. It binds intimately to the ground thanks to the embedding of the wall on the low bars 8 which, remember the, are integral with the slab D, and also thanks to the presence of reinforcing bars which are driven into said slab. The presence of the high and low belts prevents any relative displacement of the elements 1 during filling.
Une fois le béton coulé et durci, il suffit de sectionner, si besoin, les extrémités supérieures dépassantes des fers 9. Les barrettes hautes 8 sont noyées au sein du béton et sont invisibles. La mise en oeuvre des barrettes 8 (second mode de réalisation) n'est pas incompatible avec celle d'éléments écarteurs 6 et/ou de pinces 7 (premier mode de réalisation) qui peuvent être utilisés additionnellement, en particulier en cas de cintrage prononcé des éléments.Once the concrete has been poured and hardened, it suffices to cut off, if necessary, the projecting upper ends of the irons 9. The high bars 8 are embedded in the concrete and are invisible. The use of bars 8 (second embodiment) is not incompatible with that of spacer elements 6 and / or clamps 7 (first embodiment) which can be used additionally, in particular in the event of pronounced bending elements.
Plutôt que de prévoir des barrettes déformables, on pourrait prévoir des jeux de barrettes différentes, certaines droites, d'autres courbes mais rigides, à rayon de courbure donné. Rather than providing deformable bars, one could provide for different sets of bars, some straight, other curves but rigid, with a given radius of curvature.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Elément de paroi à courbure variable pour piscine, qui fait office de coffrage, caractérisé par le fait qu'il consiste en un caisson (1) en forme de parallélépipède rectangle, destiné à être dressé verticalement et accolé à des éléments adjacents par ses chants verticaux latéraux (11, 12), caractérisé par le fait que sa paroi externe (14), initialement plane, présente des renfoncements verticaux (4) constitués par un repli de ladite paroi (14), et dont il est possible d'augmenter ou de réduire la largeur naturelle, de sorte qu'il est possible de donner à l'élément (1) une courbure concave ou convexe.1. Variable curvature wall element for swimming pools, which acts as formwork, characterized by the fact that it consists of a box (1) in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, intended to be erected vertically and joined to adjacent elements by its vertical edges side (11, 12), characterized in that its outer wall (14), initially planar, has vertical recesses (4) formed by a folding of said wall (14), and which it is possible to increase or reduce the natural width, so that it is possible to give the element (1) a concave or convex curvature.
2 . Elément selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est compartimenté par des cloisons verticales transversales (13, 15), et qu'il comporte un renfoncement (4) au droit de chaque compartiment (E) .2. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that it is compartmentalized by transverse vertical partitions (13, 15), and that it comprises a recess (4) in line with each compartment (E).
3 . Elément selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que sa paroi interne (10) est une double paroi.3. Element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that its internal wall (10) is a double wall.
4. Elément selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que sa paroi externe (14) est une double paroi (140, 141), excepté en vis-à-vis desdits renfoncements (4).4. Element according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that its outer wall (14) is a double wall (140, 141), except vis-à-vis said recesses (4).
5 . Elément selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait que ses chants latéraux (11, 12) sont à double paroi.5. Element according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that its lateral edges (11, 12) are double walled.
6 . Elément selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que chacun de ses chants latéraux (11, 12) possède des organes d'emboîtement complémentai- res (2, 3) permettant sa fixation par clipsage contre le chant d'un élément adjacent.6. Element according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each of its lateral edges (11, 12) has complementary interlocking members (2, 3) allowing its fixing by clipping against the edge of an adjacent element.
7 . Elément selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est en matière plastique extradée.7. Element according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it is made of extruded plastic.
8 . Elément selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé par le fait que lesdits renfoncements (4) présentent un fond semi-cylindrique, ou approximativement semi-cylindrique, (42).8. Element according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the said recesses (4) have a semi-cylindrical, or approximately semi-cylindrical, bottom (42).
9 . Elément selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que la modification de largeur desdits renfoncements verticaux (4) est réalisée au moyen d'organes écarteurs (6), adaptés pour augmenter cette largeur, ou au moyen de pinces (7), adaptées, au contraire, pour la réduire. 9. Element according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the modification of the width of said vertical recesses (4) is carried out by means of spacer members (6), adapted to increase this width, or by means of pliers ( 7), adapted, on the contrary, to reduce it.
10. Elément selon les revendications 8 et 9 prises en combinaison, caractérisé par le fait que le fond semi-cylindrique, ou approximativement semi- cylindrique, (42) desdits renfoncements (4) est bordé par une paire de rainures (41) aptes à recevoir les organes écarteurs (6). 10. Element according to claims 8 and 9 taken in combination, characterized in that the semi-cylindrical, or approximately semi-cylindrical, bottom (42) of said recesses (4) is bordered by a pair of grooves (41) suitable for receive the spacer members (6).
1 1 . Elément selon la revendication 10, caractérisé par le fait que lesdits organes écarteurs (6) sont des plaquettes de forme générale rectangulaire, qui assurent l'écartement des rainures (41) par rotation à quart de tour.1 1. Element according to claim 10, characterized in that said spacer members (6) are plates of generally rectangular shape, which ensure the spacing of the grooves (41) by quarter-turn rotation.
12. Elément selon l'une des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé par le fait que lesdites pinces (7) ont la forme approximative d'un "C" et sont mises en place par translation, en direction verticale, à l'intérieur de l'élément, autour des renfoncements (4).12. Element according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that said clamps (7) have the approximate shape of a "C" and are put in place by translation, in vertical direction, inside of the element, around the recesses (4).
13. Elément selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé par le fait que lesdits chants verticaux latéraux (11, 12) et - le cas échéant - lesdites cloisons verticales transversales (13, 15) présentent des ouvertures (16) autorisant le passage du béton coulé.13. Element according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that said lateral vertical edges (11, 12) and - if necessary - said vertical transverse partitions (13, 15) have openings (16) allowing the passage of poured concrete.
14. Elément selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que sa mise en forme est assurée au moyen d'une paire de barrettes horizontales (8) aptes à être emboîtées dans son épaisseur, d'une part à sa base, d'autre part à sa partie supérieure. 14. Element according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that its shaping is ensured by means of a pair of horizontal bars (8) capable of being fitted into its thickness, on the one hand at its base, on the other hand at its upper part.
15. Elément selon les revendications 13 et 14 prises en combinaison, caractérisé par le fait que les ouvertures (16', 16") qui se trouvent à sa base et à sa partie supérieure sont ouvertes, respectivement vers le bas et vers le haut, constituant des échancrures servant à l'emboîtement desdites barrettes (8).15. Element according to claims 13 and 14 taken in combination, characterized in that the openings (16 ', 16 ") which are at its base and at its upper part are open, respectively downwards and upwards, constituting notches used for fitting said bars (8).
16. Ensemble d'organes écarteurs (6) et de pinces (7), de dimensions différentes, associé à un élément selon l'une des revendications 9 à 13.16. Set of spacer members (6) and clamps (7), of different dimensions, associated with an element according to one of claims 9 to 13.
1 7. Barrette de mise en forme (8) associée à un élément selon la revendication 14 ou 15.1 7. Shaping bar (8) associated with an element according to claim 14 or 15.
18. Barrette selon la revendication 17, caractérisée par le fait que ses extrémités (84) présentent des profils d'emboîtement complémentaires mâle/femelle (85, 86) permettant la fixation bout-à-bout de plusieurs barrettes (8).18. Bar according to claim 17, characterized in that its ends (84) have complementary male / female interlocking profiles (85, 86) allowing the end-to-end fixing of several bars (8).
19. Barrette selon la revendication 17 ou 18, caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comporte des ouvertures verticales (83) destinées à recevoir des fers d'armature (9) pour le béton coulé.19. Bar according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that it comprises vertical openings (83) intended to receive reinforcing bars (9) for the poured concrete.
20. Barrette selon l'une des revendications 17 à 19, caractérisée par le fait qu'elle est pourvue de pattes latérales (81) servant à la fixer au sol.20. Bar according to one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that it is provided with lateral tabs (81) serving to fix it to the ground.
21 . Barrette selon l'une des revendications 17 à 20, caractérisée par le fait qu'elle est réalisée en matière plastique moulée, et qu'elle comprend deux parois latérales (80) délimitant un espace intérieur ouvert vers le haut et vers le bas et qui sont reliées par des nervures de renforcement (82). 21. Bar according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that it is made of molded plastic, and that it comprises two side walls (80) defining an interior space open upwards and downwards and which are connected by reinforcing ribs (82).
22. Barrette selon la revendication 21, caractérisée par le fait que l'une22. Bar according to claim 21, characterized in that one
(80') desdites parois présente des fentes verticales (800') qui facilitent son cintrage. (80 ') of said walls has vertical slots (800') which facilitate its bending.
PCT/FR1997/002028 1996-12-09 1997-11-12 Wall element for swimming pool with variable curvature WO1998026138A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT97945907T ATE242829T1 (en) 1996-12-09 1997-11-12 WALL ELEMENT WITH ADJUSTABLE CURVATURE FOR SWIMMING POOLS
AU51244/98A AU5124498A (en) 1996-12-09 1997-11-12 Wall element for swimming pool with variable curvature
EP97945907A EP0943043B1 (en) 1996-12-09 1997-11-12 Wall element for swimming pool with variable curvature
DE69722811T DE69722811D1 (en) 1996-12-09 1997-11-12 WALL ELEMENT WITH ADJUSTABLE CURVING FOR POOLS

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9615303A FR2756856B1 (en) 1996-12-09 1996-12-09 VARIABLE CURVED WALL ELEMENT FOR POOLS
FR96/15303 1996-12-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998026138A1 true WO1998026138A1 (en) 1998-06-18

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FR1997/002028 WO1998026138A1 (en) 1996-12-09 1997-11-12 Wall element for swimming pool with variable curvature

Country Status (6)

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EP (1) EP0943043B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE242829T1 (en)
AU (1) AU5124498A (en)
DE (1) DE69722811D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2756856B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1998026138A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1307442B1 (en) * 1999-05-24 2001-11-06 Angelo Velo MODULAR COMPONENT FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDING STRUCTURES WITH UNIFORM INSULATION.
SK285957B6 (en) * 2002-10-29 2007-12-06 Pavel Vido Building element with open profile, with long or short locks and self-levelling
US7146773B2 (en) 2002-11-12 2006-12-12 Kafko Canada Inc. Concrete accepting wall structure with adjustable curvature
FR3130305A1 (en) * 2021-12-13 2023-06-16 Dugain Piscines Modular elements for the construction of a swimming pool basin, and method of implementation.

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2544005A1 (en) * 1983-04-06 1984-10-12 Scheichenbauer Mario Swimming pool sidewalls of concrete
FR2637933A1 (en) * 1988-10-19 1990-04-20 Depannage Entretien Piscines Stackable shuttering block made of lightweight material, and method of casting this block
FR2694957A1 (en) * 1992-05-13 1994-02-25 George Francois Casing components for constructing concrete walls on site - each casing element includes vertical wall having vertical hole along its length and in another type has vertical wall with another vertical hole along it, with tie-rods connecting these two elements
FR2710676A1 (en) * 1993-09-27 1995-04-07 Lapalud Louis Sacrifice formwork (shuttering) element for a wall made from reinforced or non-reinforced concrete
WO1995025864A1 (en) * 1994-03-23 1995-09-28 Piscines Desjoyaux S.A. Panel for storage ponds

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2544005A1 (en) * 1983-04-06 1984-10-12 Scheichenbauer Mario Swimming pool sidewalls of concrete
FR2637933A1 (en) * 1988-10-19 1990-04-20 Depannage Entretien Piscines Stackable shuttering block made of lightweight material, and method of casting this block
FR2694957A1 (en) * 1992-05-13 1994-02-25 George Francois Casing components for constructing concrete walls on site - each casing element includes vertical wall having vertical hole along its length and in another type has vertical wall with another vertical hole along it, with tie-rods connecting these two elements
FR2710676A1 (en) * 1993-09-27 1995-04-07 Lapalud Louis Sacrifice formwork (shuttering) element for a wall made from reinforced or non-reinforced concrete
WO1995025864A1 (en) * 1994-03-23 1995-09-28 Piscines Desjoyaux S.A. Panel for storage ponds

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5124498A (en) 1998-07-03
FR2756856A1 (en) 1998-06-12
DE69722811D1 (en) 2003-07-17
FR2756856B1 (en) 1999-02-26
ATE242829T1 (en) 2003-06-15
EP0943043B1 (en) 2003-06-11
EP0943043A1 (en) 1999-09-22

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