EP0162758B1 - Box from a pile of boxes forming the side wall of a building in the earth, especially a cellar - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a box of at least one stack of boxes constituting the side walls of a buried room, such as in particular a cellar.

According to EP-A-0093 030, a process is known for fitting out a buried room, such as in particular a cellar in a construction comprising a floor slab, in particular of concrete, by which it rests on the ground. The known method comprises in particular the operations consisting in cutting out in said slabs an opening through which an excavation is dug, in installing a waterproof envelope or pocket lining said excavation, in making a raft, in particular based on sand, then a floor, side walls consisting in particular of stacked boxes, preferably prefabricated, in particular of concrete, and forming storage compartments, and a ceiling. After completion of the floor, posts or uprights are erected, in particular in reinforced concrete, extending from the floor to the level of the ceiling, and the structural elements of the walls are inserted, by sliding between said posts forming a support and guide slide. said boxes, by stacking them.

The caissons, playing the role of retaining walls to contain the thrust of the earth by bearing against the aforementioned posts, are in particular of substantially parallelepiped shape and are open, entirely or partially, at least on their internal vertical and lateral lateral faces, that is to say the face opening onto the internal free space of the room.

However, the manufacture by molding of these casings is relatively expensive since it is necessary to provide at least two different molds, one for the manufacture of the lower casings forming the base of the walls of the room and devoid of the upper wall, the other for the manufacture of straight caissons other than those of the base, devoid of bottom, and having an upper face playing the role of bottom of the immediately upper box.

In addition, the structure of known boxes does not allow to provide lockers with different predetermined storage spaces. This would require providing as many molds as different boxes, which would significantly increase their manufacturing costs.

DE-A-3 003 790 describes a cellar formed by prefabricated concrete elements, and having a generally cylindrical shape with a spiral staircase. However, the structure of the prefabricated elements does not allow the provision of storage space at will given the storage needs.

FR-A-2391 340 relates to a funeral vault of a modular construction by prefabrication of its elements. This prior document neither poses nor solves the problem of manufacturing boxes constituting the side walls of a buried room such as in particular a cellar. In addition, the construction known from this prior document is not at all suitable for solving the storage problems of various articles or products, given their dimensions.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above drawbacks.

For this, the present invention provides a box of a stack of boxes, in particular prefabricated concrete, playing the role of retaining walls to contain the thrust of the earth by bearing against posts or uprights extending from the floor to the level of the ceiling of a buried room, such as in particular a cellar, said box having in particular a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, being open, entirely or partially, at least on its internal vertical bottom and lateral faces, said box being characterized in that it is formed of modular elements comprising at least one part with vertical walls in the shape of a U at right angles, and the internal peripheral surface of which is in the form of a draft, and a part forming the upper face of the box which can be fitted into the part in the form of U.

According to another preferred characteristic of the invention, the aforementioned box comprises a second part with vertical U-shaped walls, identical to the first U-shaped part mentioned above superimposed on said second part.

According to yet another preferred characteristic of the invention, the above-mentioned nestable part is in the form of a cover having an internal rim of shape conjugated to the U-shape, at the level of the bearing surface of the cover, of the part in the form of U above.

• La figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un caisson faisant l'objet de l'invention.
• La figure 2 est une vue de dessus suivant la flèche Il de la figure 1 avec section partielle, la partie formant face supérieure du caisson étant enlevée.
• La figure 3 est une vue de face suivant la flèche III de la figure 2 d'un élément modulaire du caisson, le poteau formant glissière étant enlevé.
• La figure 4 est une vue de face à partir de la figure 1 de la partie formant face supérieure du caisson ; et
• La figure 5 est une vue de dessus suivant la flèche V de la figure 4.

The invention will be better understood, and other objects, characteristics, details and advantages thereof will appear more clearly during the explanatory description which follows, made with reference to the appended schematic drawings given solely by way of example illustrating a embodiment of the invention, and in which:

• Figure 1 is a perspective view of a box forming the subject of the invention.
• Figure 2 is a top view along arrow II of Figure 1 with partial section, the part forming the upper face of the box being removed.
• Figure 3 is a front view along arrow III of Figure 2 of a modular element of the box, the post forming a slide being removed.
• Figure 4 is a front view from Figure 1 of the upper face portion of the box; and
• FIG. 5 is a top view along arrow V of FIG. 4.

.The box 8 shown in Figure 1 is part of a stack of boxes which acts as retaining walls to contain the thrust of the earth by pressing against the posts or uprights 13, in particular in reinforced concrete, extending from the floor to the level of the ceiling of the buried room (not shown), such as in particular a cellar.

The box 8, which has in particular a substantially rectangular rectangular shape and open, fully or partially, at least on its bottom faces and internal vertical side, is made of modular elements comprising a part 81 with vertical walls 81 a, 81 b and 81 c forming a U at right angles, another part 82 with vertical walls 82a, 82b and 82c, "U-shaped at right angles and of a structure identical to that of part 81 '. As shown, part 81 is superimposed on part 82 by the walls 81 a, 81 b, 81 c resting respectively on the walls 82a, 82b, 82c of part 82.

The internal peripheral surface of each of the U-shaped parts 81, 82 formed by the internal faces of the vertical walls 81 a, 81 b, 81 c; 82a, 82b, 82c, is in the form of a draft necessary for the release of these parts during their manufacture. In other words, each internal face of the vertical walls of each of the parts 81, 82 is inclined relative to its vertical external face at an angle corresponding to the clearance angle. In the box configuration shown in FIG. 1, it can be seen that the lower edges of the smaller width of the walls 81a, 81b, 81c rest on the upper edges of the wider width of the walls 82a, 82b, 82c.

The box 8 also consists of a part 83 forming the upper face of the box and in the form of a cover which can be fitted into the U-shaped part 81. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the part 83 in the form of a cover includes an edge horizontal device 83a in U coming to bear on the upper edges of greater width of the part 81 and an internal rim 83b connecting to the edge 83a and having a shape conjugated to the U shape, at the bearing surface ( or larger upper edge of part 81) of part 83, of part 81.

In addition, the vertical edges 81 d; 82d of walls 81a, 81c; 82a, 82c of the respective branches of the U-shaped parts 81; 82 and the vertical edges 83c, produced at the two opposite corners situated on the same length of the cover portion 83, are aligned when the modular elements 81, 82 and 83 are assembled and bear against the posts 13, the vertical edges 81 d , 82d and 83c having a shape combined with that of said posts.

Of course, the present invention is not limited to the production of a box comprising the two modular elements 81 and 82. Other modular elements of identical shape to the elements 81, 82 can be superimposed so as to define a space for storage of a desired height.

In addition, the production of modular elements 81 and 82 of each box 8 can be undertaken continuously instead of being carried out deferred as was the case with the old form of mold. investment in mold is therefore very limited and the production rate is very significantly increased, which considerably reduces the unit production price.

Claims (4)

1. Caisson of a pile of caissons, in particular of concrete prefabricated caissons, as retaining walls for holding back the thrust of earth and bearing against columns or uprights (13) stretching from the floor to the ceiling of a room laid in the ground, such in particular as a cellar, the said caisson (8) being in particular substantially in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, being open, entirely or partially, at least at its bottom and side inner vertical sides, characterized in that it is formed of modular elements (81 ; 82 ; 83) comprising at least one U-shaped part (81) with vertical walls (81a, 81 b, 81c) at right angles, of which the inner peripheral surface is in the shape of a draft and one part (83) forming the upper side of the caisson and fittable into the said U-shaped part.

2. Caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a second U-shaped part (82) with vertical walls (82a, 82b, 82c) identical to the aforesaid first U-shaped part (81) superposed on the said second part.

3. Caisson according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the aforesaid fittable part (83) is in the shape of a lid with an inner shoulder (83b) the shape of which is conjugate to the shape of an U, at the bearing surface of the lid, of the aforesaid U-shaped part (81).

4. Caisson according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vertical edges (81d; 82d) of the walls (81a, 81c; 82a, 82c) forming the legs of the aforesaid U-shaped parts (81 ; 82) and the vertical edges (83c) of the lid- forming part (83) are in a straight line to rest against the aforesaid columns (13) and have a shape conjugate to that of the said columns.

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