WO1998023578A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von (meth)acrylsäureestern - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von (meth)acrylsäureestern Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998023578A1 WO1998023578A1 PCT/EP1997/006512 EP9706512W WO9823578A1 WO 1998023578 A1 WO1998023578 A1 WO 1998023578A1 EP 9706512 W EP9706512 W EP 9706512W WO 9823578 A1 WO9823578 A1 WO 9823578A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- extraction
- reaction mixture
- alkanol
- esterification
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/08—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/48—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C67/52—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change in the physical state, e.g. crystallisation
- C07C67/54—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change in the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the preparation of esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid [(meth) acrylic acid].
- (Meth) acrylic acid esters are usually produced on an industrial scale by esterification of (meth) acrylic acid with alkanols in the presence of strong acids as esterification catalysts (e.g. sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, alkanesulfonic acids, arylsulfonic acids or cation exchangers with sulfonic acid groups).
- esterification catalysts e.g. sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, alkanesulfonic acids, arylsulfonic acids or cation exchangers with sulfonic acid groups.
- the esterification mixture contains the unreacted starting materials (alkanol, (meth) acrylic acid) and the catalyst as well as the corresponding alkyl acetate and dialkyl ether as low-boiling by-products.
- the acetic acid alkyl ester is formed from acetic acid, which is always formed as a by-product in the synthesis of acrylic acid by propylene oxidation or from acetylene according to Reppe and can only be separated from the acrylic acid with great difficulty, e.g. is known from EP-A 551 111 and GB-B-1 120 284.
- ethers are formed from alkanols in the presence of strong acids.
- the esterification mixture is usually worked up in several stages:
- the acids used as catalysts and their esters which may have formed must be removed from the reaction mixture before further processing. As a rule, this is achieved by washing out and neutralizing the reaction mixture with alkali and alkaline earth metal solution or carbonate solutions. This results in waste water, the elimination of which is complex and polluting. If sulfuric acid is used as the catalyst, the monoester of sulfuric acid with the alkanol in question is predominantly formed, as mentioned.
- the salts of the sulfuric acid monoesters, in particular the esters with higher alkanols are surface-active and, when disposed of, would significantly impair the quality of the waste water from the process and cause a not inconsiderable loss of valuable product.
- CZ-B-179 808 discloses a process for recovering mineral acids from esterification mixtures by extracting the esterification mixture with water, concentrating the aqueous phase by distillation and recycling the concentrated aqueous catalyst solution thus obtained into the esterification reaction.
- this process is energy-intensive.
- EP-A-0 618 187 (US US-A-5, 386, 052) describes a process for the preparation of (meth) acrylic esters, the catalyst being extracted with water and the extract being returned to the esterification reaction, if appropriate after concentration by distillation .
- sulfuric acid because of the poor extractability of the
- Sulfuric acid monoalkyl ester is unsuitable as a catalyst, because the large amount of water which would be necessary for the adequate extraction of the sulfuric acid monoalkyl ester would adversely affect the esterification reaction.
- Alkyl or arylsulfonic acids are therefore used as the catalyst (column 2, lines 55ff), which are, however, considerably more expensive than sulfuric acid.
- the esterification mixture is saturated with water (1 to 2% by weight, based on the esterification mixture). Before the extraction or neutralization, the esterification mixture contains only about 0.1% by weight of water, based on the reaction mixture.
- a complex separation by distillation of water, alkanol, acetic acid ester, ether and target ester is therefore necessary to prevent loss of valuable products.
- the alkanol can be distilled off from the reaction mixture without acid-catalyzed side reactions such as, for example, the presence of the strongly acidic esterification catalyst during the distillation.
- Ether or olefin formation or addition of the alkanol to the double bond of the (meth) acrylate (Michael addition) could be observed.
- the invention therefore relates to a process for the preparation of (meth) acrylic acid esters by reacting (meth) acrylic acid with C 4 -C 6 alkanols in the presence of a strong inorganic acid or a monoester of a multivalent strong inorganic acid as a catalyst, which is characterized in that that the unreacted alkanol is removed by distillation from the reaction mixture, and then the catalyst is removed from the mixture obtained.
- the esterification is carried out essentially in a customary manner, ie by reacting (meth) acrylic acid with a C 6 -C 6 -alkanol in the presence of a catalyst and at elevated temperature.
- the molar ratio of alkanol: acrylic acid or methacrylic acid is generally 1: 0.7-1.2.
- C 6 -C 6 -alkanols are, for example, pentanol, hexanol and preferably butanols, in particular n-butanol.
- the catalyst concentration in the reaction mixture is generally 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight, based on the total batch.
- Sulfuric acid or the corresponding sulfuric acid mono-C 4 -C 6 alkyl ester is preferably used as the catalyst.
- polymerization inhibitors for example phenothiazine, hydroquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl ether or mixtures thereof and optionally air (0.1 to 10 1 / hx 1) in an amount of 100 to 5000 ppm, based on the reaction mixture, are used.
- Saturated hydrocarbons for example cyclohexane
- aromatics for example toluene
- the reaction temperature is generally about 70 to 160 ° C, preferably 90 to 130 ° C.
- the reaction time is generally about 1 to 10 hours, preferably 1 to 6 hours.
- the reaction can be carried out under normal, negative or positive pressure.
- the pressure is preferably set so that the water formed distills off during the esterification, for example in the form of a mixture of water, C 6 -C 6 -alkanol and ester (the organic components are fed back to the esterification).
- the esterification can be carried out continuously or batchwise, with the continuous reaction being preferred.
- the esterification is carried out in conventional equipment, e.g. in an esterification unit from one or more heatable stirred reactors (cascade), which are optionally equipped with columns, condensers and phase separation vessels.
- the contents of the reactor are mixed by stirring or other customary and suitable measures.
- the reaction mixture obtained after the esterification is largely freed of any alkanol still present in a conventional distillation apparatus (for example a column with sieve trays, Raschig rings, aligned packings, etc.).
- a conventional distillation apparatus for example a column with sieve trays, Raschig rings, aligned packings, etc.
- the acetic acid CC 6 -alkyl ester and the di-C 6 -C 6 -alkyl ether formed during the esterification are also partially distilled off.
- distillation conditions depend on the type of alkanol used and are preferably chosen so that a maximum of 50% ether or acetate can be found in the distillate.
- Typical distillation conditions are e.g. in the case of n-butanol, a bottom temperature of 80 to 150 ° C, a pressure of 200 to 1000 mbar and a reflux ratio of 2 to 8.
- the distillate (5 to 15% of the feed) generally contains 60 to 80% n-butanol, 2 to 4% n-butyl acetate, 1 to 3% di-n-butyl ether and 2 to 4% water.
- the alkanol is distilled off preferably up to a content of residual alkanol in the reaction mixture, which causes the extraction of the catalyst (sulfuric acid or the corresponding monoalkyl esters) with water.
- the residual alkanol content is ⁇ 5% by weight, preferably ⁇ 3% by weight, particularly preferably 1% by weight, based on the reaction mixture.
- the recovered alkanol is returned directly to the esterification.
- the catalyst is preferably removed from the reaction mixture by extraction with water.
- the alkanol content has a great influence on the extractability of the monoalkyl sulfuric acid formed from sulfuric acid and alkanol, which also acts as an esterification catalyst (see Table 1).
- the catalyst can be extracted with small amounts of water so that the extract can be returned to the esterification.
- the conditions for the extraction of the catalyst from the esterification mixture are preferably such that the catalyst concentration in the aqueous phase is at least 20% by weight, in particular at least 25% by weight, based on the aqueous extract, and the degree of extraction is at least 70 %, in particular at least 80%.
- the extract obtained can be returned directly to the esterification without concentrating it.
- the extraction can be carried out in a manner known per se.
- Preferably extracted in countercurrent e.g. in columns without energy input, pulsed columns, columns with rotating inserts, mixer-settler equipment or in static mixers.
- the extraction can be carried out at ambient temperature or higher, but expediently at a temperature in the range from about 15 to 40 ° C.
- the ester is isolated from the reaction mixture freed from catalyst and, if appropriate, residual carboxylic acid and low boilers, in a customary manner, in particular by distillation, e.g. by distillation in a sieve tray column.
- a cascade of stirred tanks consisting of 3 stirred reactors with 1 1 reaction volume each, which are equipped with a column, condenser and phase separation vessel, is mixed with 500 g of acrylic acid, 547 g of n-butanol,
- the reaction temperature in the reactors is 105 ° C, 118 ° C and
- the reactor discharge contains:
- This esterification mixture is continuously distilled in a sieve tray column with 55 trays at a bottom temperature of 121 ° C (440 mbar) or a top temperature of 85 ° C (300 mbar), with the addition to the middle tray, the reflux ratio 3, 5 and the distillate decrease accounts for 6% of the feed.
- the distillate contains according to the gas chromatographic analysis
- distillation bottoms which, according to the analysis, contain butyl acrylate and 0.7% butanol
- the organic phase which still contains 0.8% acrylic acid and 0.25% butyl sulfurate, is treated in a mixer-settler apparatus with a 6% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (5% with respect to the organic phase).
- the resulting aqueous phase contains, in addition to the corresponding sodium salts, only 0.3% butanol and is disposed of.
- the low boilers (mainly acetate and ether) are separated from the largely acid-free organic phase (acrylic acid content ⁇ 100 ppm) obtained in a sieve plate column (60 plates).
- the bottom temperature is 110 ° C., the top temperature 88 ° C. at 160 mbar and the reflux ratio 7, 10% of the feed being separated off as distillate.
- the butyl acrylate is obtained by distillation in a further sieve plate column (30 plates) (bottom temperature 108 ° C., top temperature 80 ° C. at 100 mbar, reflux ratio 0.6).
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP97951937A EP0941213A1 (de) | 1996-11-25 | 1997-11-21 | Verfahren zur herstellung von (meth)acrylsäureestern |
JP52425498A JP2001504506A (ja) | 1996-11-25 | 1997-11-21 | (メタ)アクリル酸エステル類の製造方法 |
US09/308,252 US6187947B1 (en) | 1996-11-25 | 1997-11-21 | Method for producing (meth)acrylic acid esters |
AU55542/98A AU5554298A (en) | 1996-11-25 | 1997-11-21 | Method for producing (meth)acrylic acid esters |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19648743.9 | 1996-11-25 | ||
DE19648743A DE19648743A1 (de) | 1996-11-25 | 1996-11-25 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von (Meth)acrylsäureestern |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998023578A1 true WO1998023578A1 (de) | 1998-06-04 |
Family
ID=7812687
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1997/006512 WO1998023578A1 (de) | 1996-11-25 | 1997-11-21 | Verfahren zur herstellung von (meth)acrylsäureestern |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6187947B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0941213A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2001504506A (de) |
AU (1) | AU5554298A (de) |
CZ (1) | CZ173099A3 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19648743A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998023578A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003522812A (ja) * | 2000-02-17 | 2003-07-29 | ビーエーエスエフ アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | α,β−不飽和カルボン酸エステルの製法 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5169899B2 (ja) * | 2009-02-19 | 2013-03-27 | 東亞合成株式会社 | アクリル酸アルキルエステルの製造方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2548561A1 (de) * | 1975-10-30 | 1977-05-12 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen herstellung dioctylaetherfreien 2-aethyl- hexylacrylats |
DE2552987A1 (de) * | 1975-11-26 | 1977-06-02 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen herstellung aetherfreier acrylsaeurealkylester |
EP0687664A1 (de) * | 1994-06-17 | 1995-12-20 | Elf Atochem S.A. | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Alkylacrylaten durch direkte Veresterung |
EP0694524A1 (de) * | 1994-07-28 | 1996-01-31 | Elf Atochem S.A. | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Butylacrylat durch direkte Veresterung |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2917538A (en) | 1957-12-19 | 1959-12-15 | Dow Chemical Co | Process for the production of acrylic acid esters |
US3433831A (en) | 1965-06-30 | 1969-03-18 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Separation and purification of acrylic acid from acetic acid by solvent extraction and azeotropic distillation with a two component solvent-entrainer system |
US4698440A (en) * | 1983-09-14 | 1987-10-06 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for making n-butyl methacrylate |
DE4019781A1 (de) * | 1990-06-21 | 1992-01-02 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von monoethylenisch ungesaettigten carbonsaeureestern |
TW295580B (de) | 1992-01-09 | 1997-01-11 | Nippon Catalytic Chem Ind | |
JP3291754B2 (ja) | 1992-04-13 | 2002-06-10 | 住友化学工業株式会社 | カルボン酸エステルの製造方法 |
FR2700767B1 (fr) | 1993-01-27 | 1995-04-07 | Atochem Elf Sa | Procédé perfectionné de fabrication de (méthacrylates d'alkyle par estérification directe. |
JP3346822B2 (ja) | 1993-03-31 | 2002-11-18 | 三菱化学株式会社 | アクリル酸エステル又はメタクリル酸エステルの製造法 |
-
1996
- 1996-11-25 DE DE19648743A patent/DE19648743A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-11-21 CZ CZ991730A patent/CZ173099A3/cs unknown
- 1997-11-21 US US09/308,252 patent/US6187947B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-11-21 WO PCT/EP1997/006512 patent/WO1998023578A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-11-21 EP EP97951937A patent/EP0941213A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-11-21 JP JP52425498A patent/JP2001504506A/ja active Pending
- 1997-11-21 AU AU55542/98A patent/AU5554298A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2548561A1 (de) * | 1975-10-30 | 1977-05-12 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen herstellung dioctylaetherfreien 2-aethyl- hexylacrylats |
DE2552987A1 (de) * | 1975-11-26 | 1977-06-02 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen herstellung aetherfreier acrylsaeurealkylester |
EP0687664A1 (de) * | 1994-06-17 | 1995-12-20 | Elf Atochem S.A. | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Alkylacrylaten durch direkte Veresterung |
EP0694524A1 (de) * | 1994-07-28 | 1996-01-31 | Elf Atochem S.A. | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Butylacrylat durch direkte Veresterung |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003522812A (ja) * | 2000-02-17 | 2003-07-29 | ビーエーエスエフ アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | α,β−不飽和カルボン酸エステルの製法 |
JP4758586B2 (ja) * | 2000-02-17 | 2011-08-31 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | α,β−不飽和カルボン酸エステルの製法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0941213A1 (de) | 1999-09-15 |
JP2001504506A (ja) | 2001-04-03 |
US6187947B1 (en) | 2001-02-13 |
CZ173099A3 (cs) | 1999-09-15 |
DE19648743A1 (de) | 1998-05-28 |
AU5554298A (en) | 1998-06-22 |
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