WO1998010327A1 - Panneau a cristaux liquides et appareil electronique faisant appel a ce panneau - Google Patents
Panneau a cristaux liquides et appareil electronique faisant appel a ce panneau Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998010327A1 WO1998010327A1 PCT/JP1997/003062 JP9703062W WO9810327A1 WO 1998010327 A1 WO1998010327 A1 WO 1998010327A1 JP 9703062 W JP9703062 W JP 9703062W WO 9810327 A1 WO9810327 A1 WO 9810327A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- layer
- crystal panel
- light
- refractive index
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133502—Antiglare, refractive index matching layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133553—Reflecting elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04G—ELECTRONIC TIME-PIECES
- G04G9/00—Visual time or date indication means
- G04G9/0017—Visual time or date indication means in which the light emitting display elements may be activated at will or are controlled in accordance with the ambient light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04G—ELECTRONIC TIME-PIECES
- G04G9/00—Visual time or date indication means
- G04G9/0082—Visual time or date indication means by building-up characters using a combination of indicating elements and by selecting desired characters out of a number of characters or by selecting indicating elements the positions of which represents the time, i.e. combinations of G04G9/02 and G04G9/08
- G04G9/0094—Visual time or date indication means by building-up characters using a combination of indicating elements and by selecting desired characters out of a number of characters or by selecting indicating elements the positions of which represents the time, i.e. combinations of G04G9/02 and G04G9/08 using light valves, e.g. liquid crystals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal panel and an electronic device using the same.
- the LCD panel display is often a low-brightness color such as black, and in this case, the analog dial must be a high-brightness color such as white or a color close to white.
- the display on the panel was not clearly visible. This restricted the design of the dial.
- a display element having a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer was developed.
- This liquid crystal layer is transparent when no electric field is applied, and has the property of diffusing or scattering light when an electric field is applied. Therefore, the light scattering region to which the electric field is applied looks white or gray, and can display characters and the like.
- the color of this display part is white or gray, so it is not only novel in itself, but it is also possible to color the dial with a low brightness color such as black, blue, red, etc. It became possible to design freely.
- the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal layer light is scattered forward and backward in the light incident direction in a region where an electric field is applied.
- a transmissive liquid crystal panel When a transmissive liquid crystal panel is formed using this polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, light scattering (hereinafter, also referred to as forward scattered light) in the forward direction of the light incident direction is visible to a viewer.
- Liquid crystals can be displayed in white or gray using forward scattered light.
- a reflection type liquid crystal panel By the way, for example, in a wristwatch or the like, there are many cases in which a reflection type liquid crystal panel has to be used due to a demand for small size and light weight and energy saving.
- light scattered backward in the / 0 incident direction hereinafter, also referred to as backscattered light
- forward scattered light travels in the light incident direction and is not visible to the viewer.
- the only member capable of reflecting forward scattered light is the dial placed forward of the liquid crystal panel in the light incident direction.
- the reflected light from the dial becomes insufficient, and the display on the liquid crystal layer becomes invisible.
- the dial had to be used as a reflecting surface, and this resulted in the dial design being restricted again.
- the forward scattered light is diffused in the space between the LCD panel and the dial, and the light reflected by the dial and returned Loss occurs.
- This type of problem is not limited to a two-layer display type timepiece, but is a common problem when designing other electronic devices having a background display section on the liquid crystal layer.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal panel that can increase the design width of an electronic device and can clearly display a display.
- a liquid crystal panel according to the present invention includes:
- a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate and having at least one second electrode formed thereon;
- the at least one transparent layer is formed of a material having a refractive index different from a refractive index of a light transmitting medium in contact with the transparent layer.
- the liquid crystal layer in a region where a voltage equal to or higher than the threshold of the liquid crystal is applied by the first and second electrodes (hereinafter, referred to as a voltage application region) is set to a light scattering state.
- a voltage application region a region where a voltage equal to or higher than the threshold of the liquid crystal is applied by the first and second electrodes.
- the transparent debris has a different refractive index than the light transmitting medium in contact therewith. For this reason, a part of the forward scattered light is transmitted through the transparent layer, while another part is reflected at the interface between the transparent layer and the light transmission medium because the refractive index is discontinuous. Is done.
- a liquid crystal display pattern can be displayed in a high-brightness color such as white or gray and the illuminance is amplified.
- the light incident on the liquid crystal panel is It allows light to pass through the liquid crystal layer, transparent layer, etc., and display a background pattern on the back of the liquid crystal panel. Part of this transmitted light is also reflected at the interface between the transparent layer and the light transmission medium. However, the use of forward scattered light due to reflection at the interface of the transparent layer made the liquid crystal display pattern brighter. W / 10327
- the contrast ratio between the background patterns other than the above becomes large.
- the reflected light reflected by the transparent layer can be sufficiently secured, when a background display portion such as a clock face is provided on the back side of the liquid crystal panel, the brightness of the reflection surface of the background display portion is low. Also, it is possible to make the display of the liquid crystal layer stand out.
- the liquid crystal panel according to the present invention includes the transparent layer that makes it easy to see the field image pattern, it is possible to reliably perform a good / bad judgment based on a visual inspection of the liquid crystal panel alone. . Therefore, if display defects occur, they can be discovered before they are incorporated into electronic devices.
- the liquid crystal panel alone displays an image pattern only by the backscattered light as described above. Good / bad judgment of display becomes difficult.
- the forward scattered light can be reflected by the transparent layer disposed in the liquid crystal panel, so that the light is reflected outside the liquid crystal panel as in the two comparative examples illustrated. Loss of forward scattered light can be reduced.
- double display can be reduced. That is, in the present invention, since the liquid crystal layer in which the backscattered light is generated and the transparent layer which reflects the forward scattered light are close to each other, even if the line of sight is inclined with respect to the liquid crystal panel, the double display is unlikely to occur. Conversely, in the two comparative examples described above, since the distance between the transparent layer that reflects forward scattered light and the liquid crystal layer is long, double display tends to occur.
- the display quality can be improved because the light is scattered forward and reflected, but this effect is obtained when the amount of forward scattered light is larger than the amount of back scattered light in the light incident direction. Becomes more noticeable.
- a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystal and a polymer can be exemplified.
- At least one transparent layer can be formed of a material that satisfies a condition that has a different refractive index from the light transmitting medium in contact with the transparent layer. Examples of such a transparent material include glass, a polymer film, a transparent electrode material, and an interference film. If an interference film is used, the display can be made uniform.
- At least one transparent layer can be formed in contact with the second substrate.
- the first main surface of at least one transparent layer can be formed in contact with the surface of the second substrate opposite to the facing surface.
- the transparent layer is close to the liquid crystal layer, double display of the liquid crystal display pattern can be reduced.
- the light transmission medium in contact with the transparent layer becomes the second substrate, and the interface serving as the reflection surface becomes the first main surface.
- the transparent layer is formed of a material having a refractive index different from that of the second substrate. More preferably, at least one transparent layer is formed of a material having a refractive index larger than the refractive index of the ⁇ 52 substrate.
- This condition is advantageous, for example, when at least one transparent layer has a second main surface opposite to the first main surface formed in contact with the air layer.
- the refractive index of the second substrate is n.
- the refractive index of at least one transparent layer is n, and the refractive index of the air layer is ⁇ ⁇ 2, the relationship of r ⁇ r n is established.
- the difference in the refractive index between the second substrate and the transparent layer becomes large, and the reflectance at the first main surface, which is the interface, can be increased.
- the light is also reflected on the second principal surface, which is the interface between the transparent layer and the air layer, and the refractive index difference between the transparent layer and the air layer becomes large, so that the reflectivity on the second principal surface can be increased. .
- At least one transparent layer is formed of the same material as the transparent electrode material forming the second electrode. Since the second electrode formed on the surface of the second substrate and the transparent layer formed on the back surface of the second substrate are made of the same material, each layer can be formed on both surfaces of the second substrate with the same manufacturing equipment. As a result, the throughput is increased, so that the cost of the liquid crystal panel can be reduced.
- Tin oxide for light of wavelength 0.55 m Refractive index of the (S n 0 2) is 1.9.
- the second substrate is generally made of glass containing SiO 2 as a main component (refractive index: about 1.5) and that the refractive index of air is 1.0, the above inequality is given by
- At least one transparent layer may be formed on the surface of the second substrate opposite to the facing surface via an air layer.
- the light transmission medium in contact with the transparent layer becomes an air layer, and light can be reflected at the interface.
- the transparent layer is formed of a material having a refractive index different from that of the air layer.
- At least one transparent layer may be arranged between the liquid crystal layer and the second electrode.
- the light transmission medium in contact with the transparent layer becomes the second electrode, and light can be reflected at the interface. Therefore, the transparent layer is formed of a material having a refractive index different from that of the second electrode.
- At least one transparent layer may be formed between the second electrode and the second substrate.
- the light transmission medium in contact with the transparent layer becomes the second electrode and the second substrate, and light can be reflected on each of the interfaces.
- the transparent layer is formed of a material having a different refractive index from the respective refractive indexes of the second electrode and the second substrate.
- At least one transparent layer may be formed in a part of the plane region facing the liquid crystal layer.
- the forward scattered light can be reflected in the region where the transparent layer exists, such an effect cannot be obtained in the region where the transparent layer does not exist. Therefore, to the viewer, the contrast ratio of the display is felt large in the former part, and the contrast ratio is felt small in the latter part. By using this, it is possible to make the impression different depending on the display position.
- At least one transparent layer may be formed by disposing different materials having different refractive indexes at different positions in the same plane region facing the liquid crystal layer. In this case, since the reflectance of the light scattered forward 5 can be changed depending on the place, the impression of the display can be made different as in the case described above.
- a plurality of transparent layers may be formed by lamination.
- the adjacent transparent layer If they are formed of materials having different refractive indexes, forward scattered light can be reflected at each interface between the transparent layers.
- the transparent dust of the first layer to the Nth (N 2) layer is formed by stacking, and adjacent transparent layers are formed of materials having different refractive indices;
- the transparent layer of the first layer located at a stage preceding the light incident direction is formed in contact with a surface of the second substrate opposite to the facing surface, and the transparent layer of the N-th layer is in contact with an air layer. Formed,
- the refractive index of the first to N-th transparent layers can be set so as to increase toward the light incident direction.
- the number of stacked transparent layers can be varied depending on the position in a region facing the liquid crystal layer. Also in this case, the reflectance of the forward scattered light can be changed depending on the location, so that the impression of the display can be made different as in the case described above.
- a liquid crystal panel arranged on a side where external light is incident
- a background display unit disposed downstream of the liquid crystal panel with respect to the light incident direction;
- the liquid crystal panel is a liquid crystal panel.
- the light-transmitting state allows the background display section to be visually observed.
- At least one transparent layer disposed after the liquid crystal layer in the light incident direction; Has,
- the at least one transparent layer is characterized by being formed of a material having a refractive index different from a refractive index of a light transmission medium in contact with the transparent layer.
- An electronic device is constituted by the liquid crystal panel according to the present invention and a background display section provided on the back side thereof.
- the liquid crystal layer is set to the light transmitting state in addition to being able to display the liquid crystal display panel with high illuminance.
- the background display section can be visually recognized. That is, it is possible to visually recognize many different types of displays at a time. Even if the background display section includes a light reflection section having low brightness, forward scattered light can be reflected at the interface of the transparent layer, so that the illuminance of the liquid crystal display pattern does not decrease.
- the scene display unit can be, for example, an analog timepiece including a dial and a hand means. In this case, there is an effect that the restriction on the design of the dial is reduced.
- the background display section is not limited to one that is displayed based on light transmitted through the liquid crystal panel, and may include a light emitting section that emits a light pattern of a background image.
- a background display unit can be constituted by an I-view image display liquid product panel having a backlight, or a self-luminous means such as an LED which emits light by power supply. In this case, the background display section can be viewed in a bright state even at night when the amount of external light transmitted through the liquid crystal panel is small.
- FIG. 1 is a side view schematically showing a main part of a two-layer display type timepiece provided with a liquid crystal panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a front view showing a main part of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a liquid crystal panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the optical thickness of the transparent layer used in the liquid crystal panel of the first embodiment and the reflectance.
- FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a liquid crystal panel according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a liquid crystal panel according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a front view showing an essential part according to a third example of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a front view showing a main part according to another example of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a liquid crystal panel according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a liquid crystal panel according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing a liquid crystal panel according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing a liquid crystal panel according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a liquid crystal panel according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a sectional view of a two-piece display type timepiece according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is an exploded perspective view of the two-layer display type timepiece shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a side view schematically showing a main part of a two-layer display timepiece (electronic device) including a liquid crystal panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- this two-layer display type timepiece has a liquid crystal panel 1 for displaying the first layer, facing the viewing direction, that is, the direction A in which external light is incident.
- a background display section 2 for displaying a second layer is provided ahead of the liquid crystal panel 1 in the direction A.
- the liquid crystal panel 1 includes a liquid crystal panel main body 10, an ultraviolet blocking film 20 covering almost the entire surface of the liquid crystal panel main body 10, and a transparent layer 21 covering almost the entire back surface of the liquid crystal panel main body 10. Having.
- the liquid crystal panel main body 10 will be described later.
- the background display section 2 arranged on the back side of the liquid crystal panel 1 is configured by an analog clock. That is, the background display section has a dial 22, and on the back side, a casing 23 of a watch element is arranged. An hour hand 24, a minute hand 25, and a second hand 26 are arranged on the front side of the dial 22. The hands 24, 25, 26 are arranged in the casing 23. Moved by movement.
- the LCD panel body 10, dial 22 and casing 23 are held parallel to each other by a frame material (not shown) or the like.
- the liquid crystal panel body 10 digitally displays information, while the scenery display unit 2 displays analog time.
- the display of the day of the week [mo] and the display of the month [12-2-4] are digital displays on the liquid crystal panel main body 10.
- a scale 27 is formed on the dial 22, and hands 24, 25, 26 enable analog time display.
- the information display on the liquid crystal panel main body 10 is not limited to the day of the week display, the month and day display, and various displays such as a time, a timer, a timer, an alarm, and the like can be performed.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the liquid crystal panel 1 in an enlarged manner.
- the liquid crystal panel body 10 includes a first substrate 11, segment electrodes (first electrodes) 12, a liquid crystal layer 13, a plurality of common electrodes (second electrodes) 14 and a second substrate 15.
- the first and second plates 11 and 15 are formed of a transparent material, and can be formed of, for example, glass having a refractive index of 1.5.
- the plurality of segment electrodes 12 and the common electrode layer 14 are also formed of a transparent material, and the plurality of common electrode layers 14 extend in one direction on the second substrate 15 to form a plurality of segment electrodes.
- Reference numeral 12 extends on the first substrate 11 along another direction orthogonal to the aforementioned direction.
- one common electrode can be formed on almost the entire surface of the second substrate. Then, the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 15 are arranged in parallel so that the plurality of segment electrodes 12 and the common electrode layer 14 face each other, and the liquid crystal layer 13 is sealed therebetween. I have.
- the gap between the first and second substrates 11 and 15 is preferably 3 to 20.
- the space between the edges of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 15 is sealed with a sealing material 28 for preventing the liquid crystal layer 13 from leaking.
- a sealing material 28 for preventing the liquid crystal layer 13 from leaking.
- an orientation process is performed on the opposing surfaces of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 15. Further, it is preferable to apply a non-reflection treatment or a songreah treatment to the surface of the first substrate 11, that is, the surface on the front side facing the viewer, since the visibility is extremely improved.
- the liquid crystal layer 13 used in the liquid crystal panel main body 10 is of a polymer oriented dispersion type, is transparent in a region where no voltage is applied, and has a property of scattering or diffusing light in an imprint region. I do. That is, when a voltage higher than the threshold value of the liquid crystal is applied between the segment electrode 12 and the common electrode layer 14, the user looks white or gray, and as shown in FIG. The day of the week display [mo] and the month and day display [12-2-4] are visible.
- the method for producing the liquid crystal layer 13 is as follows. First, a mixed solution in which a polymer or a polymer precursor and a liquid crystal are compatible is sealed between the first and second substrates 11 and 15. Next, the liquid crystal and the polymer are phase-separated. Thereby, the liquid crystal and the polymer are aligned with each other inside the liquid crystal layer 13.
- the alignment state may be a state in which the polymer is dispersed in the liquid crystal as particles or particle aggregates, or a state in which the polymer is in a gel state in the liquid crystal to form a network. Further, the liquid crystal may be in an alignment state in which the liquid crystal is dispersed in a polymer in a droplet form.
- Examples of the above-mentioned polymer precursor include a methyl acrylate such as biphenyl methacrylate, and a photo or electron beam polymerizable compound such as acrylate, a vinyl compound and an epoxy compound, and a thermal compound such as an epoxy compound.
- Polymerizable compounds can be used.
- light or electron beam polymerizable compounds they are irradiated with light or an electron beam of an appropriate wavelength and phase-separated from the liquid crystal.
- For a thermopolymerizable compound it is heated to an appropriate temperature and phase-separated from the liquid crystal.
- thermoplastic polymer such as ethyl cellulose
- phase separation can be caused by dissolving with the liquid crystal in a heated state and then cooling.
- a chiral component may be mixed in the liquid crystal component. As a result, the light is scattered well, and the display in the liquid crystal can be more easily visually recognized. As the chiral component, a force that twists the alignment of the liquid crystal is sufficient, and most chiral components can be used in this embodiment.
- liquid crystal main component (trade name "BL07”, manufactured by Merck), 3% by weight of chiral component (trade name “CB15”, manufactured by Merck), polymer precursor (Biphenyl methacrylate) was mixed at 7% by weight, and the mixed liquid was sealed between the substrates 11 and 15. Further, the liquid mixture was irradiated with ultraviolet rays to separate the liquid crystal and the polymer in a state where they were aligned with each other. Thus, the liquid crystal layer 13 was formed.
- the manufactured liquid crystal panel had a drive voltage of about 5 V, and could be driven sufficiently by the conventional IC of the clock ffl.
- the facing surfaces of the first and second substrates 11 and 15 are subjected to horizontal alignment processing.
- a liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy it is preferable to perform a vertical alignment process on each of the opposing surfaces of the first and second substrates 11 and 15.
- the liquid crystal layer 13 is transparent when no electric field is applied, and has a property of diffusing light when an electric field is applied. Therefore, when an electric field is applied between the segment electrode 12 and the common electrode layer 14, the portion between the two appears colored to the user as shown in FIG. I can see the display of himself.
- the area where no electric field is applied is transparent, allowing the analog display represented by the dial 22 and the hands 24, 25, 26 to be seen through.
- the color of the colored display described above is white or gray (however, the present invention is not intended to be limited to white). It is preferable that the dial 22 be a low-brightness color such as black, dark red, or dark red to make the liquid crystal display appearing white or gray stand out.
- the dial 22 is preferably reflective.
- the reflected light amplifies the scattering in the liquid crystal display portion, thereby providing a contrast between the display and other portions in the liquid crystal, thereby making the display stand out.
- the dial 22 is mirror-finished.
- one transparent layer 21 is directly bonded to the back surface of the second substrate 15 of the liquid crystal panel main body 10.
- the display principle of the liquid crystal panel 1 having the transparent layer 21 will be described. First, a field base in which an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer 13 between the segment electrode 12 and the common electrode 14 will be described.
- the scattered light includes forward scattered light B in front of light incident direction A and back scattered light C in rear of light incident direction A.
- the analysis by the present inventors has revealed that in layer 13, the amount of forward scattered light B tends to be larger than that of back scattered light C.
- the backscattered light C is reflected directly to the eyes of the viewer through the first substrate 11 and the ultraviolet blocking film 20, but the forward scattered light B is reflected to the viewer Li unless reflected and returned. Does not reflect.
- the transparent dust 21 is provided to reflect the forward scattered light B having a large light amount. Specifically, a part of the forward scattered light B passes through the transparent layer 21, but the rest is reflected at the interface between the second substrate 15 and the transparent layer 21 and returns to the front side. . A part of the forward scattered light B transmitted through the transparent layer 21 travels toward the air, but the rest is reflected at the boundary between the transparent debris 21 and the air and returns to the front side. Such reflected forward scattered light B improves the degree of scattering of light in the liquid crystal layer 13 seen by the viewer, and makes the display performed on the liquid crystal panel brighter, which makes it clearer. Can be visually recognized.
- the refractive index of the transparent layer 21 be larger than the refractive index of the second substrate 15. In other words, it is preferable that the relationship of the following formulas (11) is satisfied, and it is more preferable that the relationship of the formulas (1-2) is satisfied.
- the refractive index n of the second substrate 15 usually, the refractive index n of the second substrate 15.
- the display on the liquid crystal panel can be illuminated more brightly.
- the light incident from the air layer on the back side is less reflected at the interface between the transparent layer 21 having a large refractive index and the second substrate 15 having a small refractive index. It is possible to illuminate the display performed by the diffusion type liquid crystal layer 13 more brightly.
- the refractive index of the transparent layer 21 is smaller than the refractive index of the second substrate 15
- the difference between the refractive index of the transparent layer 21 and the refractive index of the air layer on the back side of the transparent layer 21 decreases, and light incident from the front side becomes The effect of reflection at the interface between 21 and the air layer is reduced.
- the light incident from the air layer on the back side is greatly reflected at the interface between the transparent layer 21 having a small refractive index and the second substrate 15 having a large refractive index.
- Equation 2 when the relation of Equation 2 or a relation close to it is used, the reflectance increases, but when the relation of Equation 3 or a close relation is used, the effect of increasing the reflectance decreases.
- n! Is the refractive index of the transparent layer 21, di is the thickness of the transparent layer 21, or the wavelength of light, and m is an integer of 0 or more (0, 1, 2,).
- examples of the combination of the second substrate 15 and the transparent layer 21 satisfying the relation that the refractive index of the transparent layer 21 is higher than the refractive index of the second substrate 15 include the following. It is.
- Te second substrate 1 5 sapphire glass (A 1 2 0 3 (refractive index 1.6)) Niyotsu, the transparent layer 2 1 of the material, refraction of said material Those with a rate greater than 1.6 are preferred.
- the second electrode 14 formed on the front surface of the second substrate 15 and the transparent layer 21 formed on the back surface of the second substrate 15 can be formed of the same material.
- the layers can be formed on the front and back surfaces of the second substrate 15 with the same film forming apparatus, so that throughput is improved.
- the transparent layer 21 is also formed of a transparent electrode material. It is a transparent material, tin oxide (S n 0 2), I ⁇ ( indium - tin 'Okisai de), or the like can be used. Among them, tin oxide is particularly preferable. The reason is that tin oxide has a larger refractive index than other transparent electrode materials such as IT0, and can secure a large refractive index difference between the second substrate 15 and the air layer.
- the transparent layer 21 is not necessarily arranged in contact with the second substrate 15, and an air layer may be formed between the second substrate 15 and the transparent layer 21.
- the light transmission medium in contact with the transparent layer 21 becomes an air layer, and light can be reflected at the interface.
- the transparent layer 21 may be formed of a material having a refractive index different from that of the air layer.
- transparent layers 2 la, 21 b, 21 c are further provided below the transparent layer 21, and each of the transparent debris 2 1 , 21a, 21b and 21c are directly joined to each other.
- the refractive index of each transparent layer be different from the refractive index of another transparent layer or the second substrate 15 in contact with the transparent layer.
- FIG. 6 shows a liquid crystal panel 1 according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- the transparent layer 21 is provided on almost the entire back surface of the second substrate 15 (fij, but in this embodiment, the transparent layer 21 is provided on the rear surface of the second substrate 15).
- the transparent layer 21 is partially joined and joined.
- the effect of illuminating the liquid crystal layer 13 more brightly is obtained as described above for the display portion of the liquid crystal layer 13 facing the region where the transparent layer 21 and the second substrate 15 are ffi.
- the effect cannot be obtained in the display portion of the liquid product layer 13 facing the region where the transparent layer 21 is not formed. Therefore, to the viewer, the contrast of the display is strongly felt in the former part, and the contrast is weakly felt in the latter part. Using this, it is possible to make the impression different depending on the display position.
- FIG. 7 is a front view of a main part of a Ube meter using the liquid crystal panel 1 of FIG.
- the side edge 29 of the transparent layer 21 shown in FIG. 6 is located around the day display section in FIG.
- the portion of the day of the week displaying [mo] is the portion where the transparent layer 21 is not opposed
- the date display portion is the portion where the transparent layer 21 faces.
- FIG. 8 shows another example corresponding to the liquid crystal panel 1 of FIG. In FIG. 8, contrary to FIG.
- the part of the day of the week displaying [mo] is the part where the transparent layer 21 is opposed.
- the portion of the month and day display [1 2-2 4] is the portion where the transparent layer 21 is not opposed.
- the day of the week display is clearly visible compared to the month and day display.
- FIG. 9 shows a liquid crystal panel 1 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the transparent layer 21 is joined to a part of the back surface of the second substrate 15 so as to face the other side, while the transparent debris 31 is opposed to the other part.
- the refractive indexes of the transparent layers 21 and 31 are different from each other. That is, in this embodiment, the transparent layers 21 and 31 made of materials having different refractive indexes are arranged on the same plane.
- the impression of the display portion of the liquid crystal layer 13 facing the transparent layer having a large refractive index is different from the impression of the display portion of the liquid crystal layer 13 facing the transparent layer having a small refractive index. It is possible. Therefore, various displays are possible as shown in FIG. 7 or FIG.
- FIG. 10 shows a liquid crystal panel 1 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- a plurality of transparent layers 21, 21, 21a, 21b are laminated as in the second embodiment of FIG.
- the transparent layer 21a is opposed to only a part of the other transparent layers 21 and 21b and is joined thereto.
- Reference numeral 29 in the figure indicates a side edge of the transparent layer 21a, and corresponds to the side edge 29 in FIGS.
- the display portion of the liquid crystal layer 13 facing the three layers of the transparent layers 21, 21 a, 21 b and the liquid crystal layer facing the two layers of the transparent layers 21, 21 b only The impression can be made different from the display part of 13.
- This also enables a variety of displays as shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. Note that the number of transparent layers is not limited to that shown in the figure, and it is arbitrary that the transparent layer is formed as small as the illustrated transparent layer 21a.
- transparent layers made of materials having different refractive indexes may be arranged on the same plane.
- FIG. 11 shows a liquid crystal panel 1 according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- a transparent layer 41 is disposed between a light diffusion type liquid crystal layer 13 in which polymer orientation is dispersed and a second substrate 15.
- a plurality of common electrodes 14 are formed on the second substrate 15 at intervals.
- the transparent dust 41 is formed so as to cover the plurality of common electrode layers 14.
- the transparent layer 41 is formed on the second substrate 15.
- the transparent layer 41 is formed of an insulating material in order to prevent a short circuit between the adjacent common electrodes 14.
- a transparent layer 41 is formed on the surfaces of the second substrate 15 and the common electrode layer 14 in advance, and then the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 15 are connected. connect.
- the material of the transparent layer 4 1 and A 1 2 0 3 (refractive index 1. 6), S n 0 2 ( refractive index 1.9) the material of the common electrode 1 4 and to The material of the second substrate 15 was Sioa (refractive index: about 1.5).
- the transmitted light that has entered from the front side and transmitted through the transparent layer 41 is reflected as follows. That is, part of the transmitted light is a boundary surface between the transparent layer 41 and the plurality of common electrodes 13, a boundary surface between the plurality of common electrodes 14 and the second substrate 15, and the transparent layer 41 and the second substrate 15. Each is reflected at the interface with 15 and returns to the front. Further, a part of the light transmitted through the second substrate 15 travels toward the air, but the rest is reflected at the boundary surface between the second substrate 15 and the air and returns to the front side.
- the occupied area of the plurality of common electrodes 14 formed on the second substrate 15 is larger than the total area where the common electrodes 14 are not formed in order to secure a high opening ratio. ing. Therefore, in the sixth embodiment, the total area of the boundary between the plurality of common electrodes 14 and the second substrate 15 is larger than the total area of the boundary between the transparent layer 41 and the second substrate 15. Also becomes wider.
- the total area of the boundary surface between the transparent layer 41 and the plurality of common electrodes 14 can be ensured to be large, the reflection here can be sufficiently expected. Therefore, a material that increases the refractive index difference at the interface between the transparent layer 41 and the plurality of common electrodes 14 may be selected.
- the display performed on the light diffusion type liquid crystal layer 13 is illuminated by such reflected light, and this can be clearly recognized.
- the common electrode layer 14 may be provided on the back surface of the first substrate 11, and the segment electrode 12 may be provided on the front surface of the second substrate 15. Also in this case, it is desirable that the transparent layer 41 be formed of an insulating material. If the transparent layer 41 is made of a conductive material in this case, an electric field is generated between the transparent layer 41 that comes into contact with the segment electrode 12 and the common electrode layer 14, and the segment electrode This is because the display corresponding to the arrangement of 1 and 2 cannot be performed.
- FIG. 12 shows a liquid crystal panel 1 according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- an insulative transparent layer 41 is formed on the front side of the second substrate 15, and a common electrode layer 14 is further formed thereon.
- the other points are the same as in the sixth embodiment in FIG.
- the material of the transparent layer 41 is Ti 02 (refractive index 1.9)
- the material of the common electrode 14 is ITO (refractive index 1.8)
- the material of the substrate 15 was Sio 2 (refractive index: about 1.5).
- the transmitted light that has entered from the front side and transmitted through the transparent layer 41 is reflected as follows. That is, part of the transmitted light is reflected at the interface between the transparent layer 41 and the plurality of common electrodes 13 and at the interface between the transparent layer 41 and the second substrate 15, respectively. Go back. A part of the light transmitted through the second substrate 15 travels toward the air, but the rest is reflected at the boundary between the second substrate 15 and the air and returns to the front side.
- the reflection surface that can be ensured most widely in the seventh embodiment is the interface between the transparent layer 41 and the second substrate 15.
- Such reflected light illuminates the display performed on the light-diffusing liquid waste 13 and makes it possible to clearly see it.
- the common electrode layer 14 may be provided on the back surface of the first substrate 11, and the segment electrode 12 may be provided on the front surface of the second substrate 15. Also in this case, it is desirable that the transparent layer 41 be formed of an insulating material.
- the refractive index of the second substrate in order to further increase the reflectance at the interface between the second substrate 15 and the air, should ideally be a transparent dust 14. And the refractive index is preferably larger than the refractive index of air. Therefore, in order for the relationship of the above equation 1-1 to be satisfied, the sign n. May be defined as follows: nu in Equation 1-1 is the refractive index of the transparent layer 41, and ⁇ is the refractive index of the second substrate i5. Then, it is preferable that the relationship described with reference to FIG. 4 and the equations 2 and 3 be established, where is the refractive index of the second substrate 15 and d is the thickness of the second substrate 15.
- the number of satisfying this condition of the transparent layer 4 1 material is less in the case of forming the glass (refractive index 1.5) a second substrate 1 to 5, normal S i 0 2 a ⁇ component, second If the substrate 15 is formed of A 1 2 3 (refractive index 1.6), S i 0 ′ 2 can be used as the transparent layer 41.
- FIG. 13 shows a liquid crystal panel 1 according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- a transparent layer 41 a having a different refractive index from the transparent layer 41 is laminated on the front side of the transparent layer 41.
- the transparent layers 41, 41a, the common electrode 1 Reflection is repeated at each boundary surface of the second substrate 15, so that the display performed by the light-diffusing liquid crystal dust 13 can be illuminated more brightly.
- the number of transparent layers is This is optional as long as the generation of an electric field between the electrode 12 and the common electrode layer 14 is not hindered.
- the transparent layer is partially provided, and similarly to the fourth embodiment of FIG. 9, the refractive index is different on the same plane. It is conceivable to provide a transparent layer or make the display impression different depending on the position by making the transparent layers partially face each other as in the fifth embodiment in FIG.
- FIG. 14 the concrete structure of a two-layer display type timepiece using the liquid crystal panel 1 of the above-described first to eighth embodiments will be described with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15.
- FIG. 14 the concrete structure of a two-layer display type timepiece using the liquid crystal panel 1 of the above-described first to eighth embodiments will be described with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15.
- the liquid crystal panel 1 is sandwiched between an annular panel outer frame 51 and an annular panel stopper member 52 fitted and engaged inside the panel outer frame 51.
- a panel unit 50 is constituted by the panel outer frame 51 and the panel stopper member 52.
- the casing 23 of the analog movement is provided with a crown 53 extending laterally.
- the casing 23 is mounted in a resin circuit case 47.
- a circuit board 48 is joined to the back side of the circuit case 47, and a metal circuit pressing plate 49 is joined to the back side.
- hooks 54 are formed on the edge of the circuit holding plate 49 as shown in FIG. 15, and the hooks 54 are bent upward.
- engagement pieces 55 are provided at four places facing the four hooks 54 so as to protrude outward.
- the panel unit 50 is attached to the circuit holding plate 49 by fitting the engagement pieces 55 into the hooks 54, respectively, and the circuit case 47 and the circuit board 48 are placed between the two. It is pinched.
- groove grooves 59 are provided at four places at 90-degree angle intervals.
- the four groove grooves 59 are formed along the axial direction of the panel outer frame 51, and an engagement piece 55 protrudes from the center of each groove groove 59.
- a battery housing (not shown) is provided in the circuit case 47.
- This battery One terminal is connected to a metal circuit pressing plate 49, and the other terminal is connected to a terminal of a circuit formed on the circuit board 48.
- the above-mentioned analog element is supplied with power by a circuit formed by a circuit holding plate 49 and a circuit board 48.
- a circuit for supplying power to the liquid crystal panel 1 is also formed on the circuit board 48.
- Reference numeral 56 denotes a zebra connector for connecting the liquid crystal panel 1 to a circuit on the circuit board 48. As shown in FIG. 15, three zebra connectors 56 are provided. The zebra connector 56 is held in a holding hole 57 of the circuit case 47 as shown in FIG. 14 and a through hole 5 provided between the panel outer frame 51 and the panel stopper 52. 8 penetrates.
- the zebra connector 56 has a book-like shape, is mainly made of an insulating elastic body, and is formed by dispersing conductors so as to form a plurality of conductive paths at predetermined positions. The terminals of the circuit on the circuit board 48 and the terminals of the liquid crystal panel 1 are connected by these conductive paths.
- the internal structure of the watch described above is further covered by the upper case 3 and the lower case 4 for exterior and protection, the back cover 5, and the protective glass 6 on the front side, and only the operation part of the crown 53 is operated. It is exposed to.
- the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 15 of the liquid crystal panel 1 are formed in an octagon and are superimposed.
- the first substrate 11 is formed slightly larger than the second substrate 15, and when both are overlapped, the substrate 11 on the front side partially protrudes from the second substrate 15 as shown in the figure. ing.
- the protruding portions 11a protruding in this way are provided with three-: ones, and the terminals of the liquid crystal panel 1 are formed on the back side of the protruding portions 11a. It is designed to be connected to the 6 conductive paths.
- the panel stopper member 52 has a circular inner contour, which is also formed of resin.
- Panel It The outer contour 5 2b of the female member 52 has a shape approximating an octagon so as to be fitted into the panel outer frame 51.
- the liquid crystal panel 1 is incorporated in the panel unit 50.
- the liquid crystal panel 1 is provided on the surface of the liquid crystal panel main body 10 with ultraviolet shielding. This is a structure in which the cut film 20 is bonded and the transparent layer 21 is bonded to the back surface. Depending on the material, the ultraviolet blocking film 20 or the transparent layer 21 is very easily damaged. However, such a problem can be prevented by handling the panel unit 50.
- liquid crystal panel 1 is sandwiched between the panel outer frame 51 and the panel stopper member 52, for example, even if the panel unit 50 is placed directly on the work table, the panel 1 is still mounted on the table. It is supported at a position away from the surface. This can also reduce the risk of damaging panel 1.
- the dial 22 is mirror-finished as described above to highlight the information display that looks white or gray on the liquid crystal layer 13.
- a transparent layer with a high refractive index is provided on the dial 22 by steaming or the like. You may.
- a plurality of transparent layers may be laminated.
- the dial 22 may be a color having low brightness such as black.
- the two-layer display type electronic device is not limited to a timepiece having analog display means for performing display with the dial 22 and the hands 24, 25, 26 as in the above-described embodiment.
- the background display section provided on the back side of the liquid product panel 1 may be any as long as the background can be seen through an area where the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal panel 1 is in a transmission state.
- the background display section may be a board with a picture on which a character such as a character or a picture is drawn.
- another liquid crystal panel that is provided on the back side of the liquid crystal panel 1 that performs the first layer of liquid crystal display and that performs the second layer of liquid crystal display may be used as the background display section.
- the liquid crystal panel for the liquid crystal display of the second layer may be a transmissive type having a backlight or a reflective type. If the background display section is a backlight type liquid crystal panel, light from the backlight can be guided to the first layer liquid crystal panel 1 on the front side. Alternatively, a light source for illumination may be provided between the liquid crystal panel 1 and the background display section on the back side, and light may be emitted from the back side of the liquid crystal panel 1. The display on the liquid crystal panel 1 is not hindered by the light from the back side of the liquid crystal panel 1 of the first layer, but rather, it can be seen more clearly.
- the background surface on the back side is not affected by S of the light transmitted through the liquid crystal panel 1.
- the indicator is visible.
- the background display section may be constituted by self-luminous means such as an LED which emits light by itself.
- This two-layer display type electronic device is not limited to a watch, but can be used as a portable electronic device such as a calculator, an electronic organizer, a wireless paging device, and other various electronic devices requiring a two-layer display.
- the driving method of the electrodes of the liquid crystal panel 1 of the embodiment is a static method, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may be a simple matrix method, a multiplex method, or a TFT (thin film transistor) method.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP51246598A JP3277509B2 (ja) | 1996-09-02 | 1997-09-02 | 液晶パネルおよびこれを用いた電子機器 |
EP97937871A EP0864904A4 (en) | 1996-09-02 | 1997-09-02 | LIQUID CRYSTAL PANEL AND ELECTRONIC APPARATUS USING THE SAME |
US09/068,205 US6292243B1 (en) | 1996-09-02 | 1997-09-02 | Two-layer liquid crystal panel having a polymer liquid crystal layer and equipment using the same |
KR1019980703113A KR20000064299A (ko) | 1996-09-02 | 1997-09-02 | 액정 패널 및 그것을 이용한 전자기기 |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP8/232328 | 1996-09-02 | ||
JP23232896 | 1996-09-02 | ||
JP9/23008 | 1997-02-05 | ||
JP2300897 | 1997-02-05 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998010327A1 true WO1998010327A1 (fr) | 1998-03-12 |
Family
ID=26360305
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1997/003062 WO1998010327A1 (fr) | 1996-09-02 | 1997-09-02 | Panneau a cristaux liquides et appareil electronique faisant appel a ce panneau |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6292243B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0864904A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3277509B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20000064299A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1998010327A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6549320B2 (en) * | 1998-09-09 | 2003-04-15 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Optical modulation device and projection display device utilizing the optical modulation device |
JP2019146247A (ja) * | 2013-10-18 | 2019-08-29 | クナ パスカルCOUNAS Pascal | 時計に装備してこれを保護できるモバイル装置、およびこのようなモバイル装置を装備した時計 |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2249022T3 (es) * | 1998-11-05 | 2006-03-16 | Fossil, Inc. | Reloj y cronometro con pantallas solapadas analogica y digital controladas por separado. |
KR100393823B1 (ko) * | 1999-06-23 | 2003-08-06 | 시티즌 도케이 가부시키가이샤 | 액정표시장치 |
JP2001337207A (ja) * | 2000-03-21 | 2001-12-07 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | 前方散乱シート、それを用いた積層シート及び液晶表示装置 |
KR20030028977A (ko) * | 2001-10-05 | 2003-04-11 | 비오이 하이디스 테크놀로지 주식회사 | 액정표시장치 |
KR100506730B1 (ko) * | 2002-12-10 | 2005-08-08 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 발광 다이오드의 제조방법 |
US7330178B2 (en) * | 2004-04-30 | 2008-02-12 | Motorola, Inc. | Display-input apparatus for a multi-configuration portable device |
IL176673A0 (en) * | 2006-07-03 | 2007-07-04 | Fermon Israel | A variably displayable mobile device keyboard |
CN102785555B (zh) * | 2012-07-11 | 2015-08-05 | 法国圣戈班玻璃公司 | 天窗玻璃、车用照明装置及车内照明方法 |
CN113655671A (zh) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-16 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | 显示膜片、壳体和电子设备 |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60230605A (ja) * | 1984-04-28 | 1985-11-16 | Nitto Electric Ind Co Ltd | 反射板 |
JPS61160486U (ja) * | 1985-03-27 | 1986-10-04 | ||
JPS6247625A (ja) * | 1985-08-28 | 1987-03-02 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | 液晶表示素子 |
JPH0519990U (ja) * | 1991-08-29 | 1993-03-12 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 電子時計の表示構造 |
JPH05273527A (ja) * | 1992-03-26 | 1993-10-22 | Sharp Corp | 液晶表示素子 |
JPH0756157A (ja) * | 1993-08-10 | 1995-03-03 | Teijin Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
JPH07104288A (ja) * | 1993-10-06 | 1995-04-21 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | 反射型表示素子 |
JPH07253570A (ja) * | 1994-03-16 | 1995-10-03 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
JPH07294923A (ja) * | 1994-04-27 | 1995-11-10 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | 照明装置を備えた電子機器 |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5810481U (ja) * | 1981-07-10 | 1983-01-22 | シャープ株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
JPS5932755A (ja) | 1982-08-13 | 1984-02-22 | 富士重工業株式会社 | 冷凍装置 |
JPS61160486A (ja) | 1984-08-30 | 1986-07-21 | ユニチカ株式会社 | 熱可塑性合成繊維加工糸編物の加工方法 |
JPH02146526A (ja) * | 1988-11-29 | 1990-06-05 | Seiko Instr Inc | 液晶素子 |
JP2851906B2 (ja) * | 1990-03-23 | 1999-01-27 | キヤノン株式会社 | 光学変調素子及び表示装置 |
JP3060656B2 (ja) | 1990-11-26 | 2000-07-10 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
JP3084806B2 (ja) | 1991-07-10 | 2000-09-04 | ブラザー工業株式会社 | 印字装置 |
SG87736A1 (en) | 1993-03-29 | 2002-04-16 | Seiko Epson Corp | Display element and electronic apparatus |
WO1995027234A1 (fr) * | 1994-03-31 | 1995-10-12 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Montre a affichage du type a transmission lumineuse |
US5761158A (en) * | 1994-09-08 | 1998-06-02 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Solar battery powered watch |
JPH08201547A (ja) * | 1995-01-30 | 1996-08-09 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置を備えた電子機器 |
DE69619796T2 (de) * | 1995-11-14 | 2002-10-31 | Citizen Watch Co Ltd | Struktur einer anzeigeeinheit für eine elektronische vorrichtung |
US5880796A (en) * | 1996-07-12 | 1999-03-09 | Casio Computer Co., Ltd. | Display device with display plate having metal upper suface including narrow outgoing opening for emitting light from light emitting member |
-
1997
- 1997-09-02 EP EP97937871A patent/EP0864904A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-09-02 KR KR1019980703113A patent/KR20000064299A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-09-02 WO PCT/JP1997/003062 patent/WO1998010327A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-09-02 US US09/068,205 patent/US6292243B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-09-02 JP JP51246598A patent/JP3277509B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60230605A (ja) * | 1984-04-28 | 1985-11-16 | Nitto Electric Ind Co Ltd | 反射板 |
JPS61160486U (ja) * | 1985-03-27 | 1986-10-04 | ||
JPS6247625A (ja) * | 1985-08-28 | 1987-03-02 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | 液晶表示素子 |
JPH0519990U (ja) * | 1991-08-29 | 1993-03-12 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 電子時計の表示構造 |
JPH05273527A (ja) * | 1992-03-26 | 1993-10-22 | Sharp Corp | 液晶表示素子 |
JPH0756157A (ja) * | 1993-08-10 | 1995-03-03 | Teijin Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
JPH07104288A (ja) * | 1993-10-06 | 1995-04-21 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | 反射型表示素子 |
JPH07253570A (ja) * | 1994-03-16 | 1995-10-03 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
JPH07294923A (ja) * | 1994-04-27 | 1995-11-10 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | 照明装置を備えた電子機器 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP0864904A4 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6549320B2 (en) * | 1998-09-09 | 2003-04-15 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Optical modulation device and projection display device utilizing the optical modulation device |
JP2019146247A (ja) * | 2013-10-18 | 2019-08-29 | クナ パスカルCOUNAS Pascal | 時計に装備してこれを保護できるモバイル装置、およびこのようなモバイル装置を装備した時計 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0864904A1 (en) | 1998-09-16 |
EP0864904A4 (en) | 1999-12-01 |
JP3277509B2 (ja) | 2002-04-22 |
KR20000064299A (ko) | 2000-11-06 |
US6292243B1 (en) | 2001-09-18 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6975455B1 (en) | Transflective layer for displays | |
US6271901B1 (en) | Liquid crystal display device with two reflective polarizers providing metallic appearance effects | |
US7227599B2 (en) | Display device and manufacturing method of the same | |
JP4174687B2 (ja) | 照明装置及び液晶表示装置 | |
EP0936491A1 (en) | Watch | |
JP2004054034A (ja) | 液晶表示装置及び電子機器 | |
JPH10133591A (ja) | 導光型照明装置及び導光型表示装置 | |
JP3490096B2 (ja) | 液晶表示パネル | |
WO1998010327A1 (fr) | Panneau a cristaux liquides et appareil electronique faisant appel a ce panneau | |
JP2004145275A (ja) | 着色層材料、カラーフィルタ基板、電気光学装置及び電子機器、カラーフィルタ基板の製造方法、並びに電気光学装置の製造方法 | |
US6995819B2 (en) | Semi-transmissive liquid crystal display device | |
JP2004354818A (ja) | 表示装置 | |
CN1316294C (zh) | 结合触控面板的平面显示器 | |
EP1008894A1 (en) | Timepiece | |
KR20120047715A (ko) | 발광소자와, 이를 구비한 백라이트 및 액정표시장치 | |
WO2000072084A1 (fr) | Afficheur a cristaux liquides | |
JPWO2003031870A1 (ja) | 照明ユニット及びそれを用いた液晶表示装置 | |
JP2006098937A (ja) | 表示装置および電子機器 | |
CN110780487A (zh) | 显示器与电子设备 | |
CN220626814U (zh) | 一种带有柔色挡板的显示装置 | |
CN220509627U (zh) | 一种设有柔色挡板的显示装置 | |
US7113232B2 (en) | Display window and assembly | |
JP2006139289A (ja) | 情報表示装置 | |
JP2007033908A (ja) | 液晶表示装置 | |
JP2003043480A (ja) | 反射型液晶表示装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 97191522.9 Country of ref document: CN |
|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): CN JP KR US |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1019980703113 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1997937871 Country of ref document: EP |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1997937871 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 09068205 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1019980703113 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: 1997937871 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: 1019980703113 Country of ref document: KR |