WO1998009042A1

WO1998009042A1 - Tubular and stick-shaped fiber reinforced structures

Info

Publication number: WO1998009042A1
Application number: PCT/CH1997/000267
Authority: WO
Inventors: Giovanni Pietro Terrasi; Hans Peter Felder
Original assignee: Sacac Schleuderbetonwerk Ag
Priority date: 1996-08-28
Filing date: 1997-07-15
Publication date: 1998-03-05
Also published as: AU3332697A; CH691608A5

Abstract

Disclosed is a tubular or stick-shaped structure or full profile having fibre armouring and reinforcement (21). For constructions of concrete, preferably a latticework fabric is used, either braided or woven or taped, of carbon, glass, aramid, stretched polyethylene, polypropylene, bor, polyester or other plastic fibers.

Description

Pipe and / or rod-shaped fiber reinforced constructions

The present invention relates to a tubular and / or rod-shaped construction, in particular for supports, masts, conduits and the like, a method for producing a tubular and / or rod-shaped construction and a method for producing a lattice or fabric-like reinforcement for a tubular and / or rod-shaped construction.

Poles, columns etc. made of centrifugal concrete have been manufactured for decades. It is known that their cross sections can be very different. Concrete cross-sections as they are used today are relatively heavy to mechanically adequate steel tube cross-sections. The reasons for this are the high density of the steel reinforcement, the relatively large coverage of the same to ensure corrosion protection, and the massive compressive strength of the concrete.

Although reinforced concrete structures, e.g. Concrete masts, supports etc., which have proven their worth in the past with regard to corrosion protection, usually exceed their mass due to the required minimum concrete coverage of the steel reinforcement that of mechanically equivalent pure steel structures.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to propose a tubular construction, for example for the aforementioned tubular concrete structures or for pipes made of other construction materials, which are lighter compared to the steel-reinforced concrete pipes used today and yet have largely equivalent mechanical strengths. The object is achieved by means of a tubular construction or a full profile according to the wording, in particular according to claim 1.

If you replace the steel reinforcement with a fiber, such as in particular carbon, glass, aramid-stretched polyethylene, polypropylene, boron, polyester fibers, corrosion-resistant reinforcement and normal concrete with high-performance concrete, it becomes possible, for example, in the centrifugal process Steel pipe cross-section to be compared mechanically equivalent and, taking into account the corrosion resistance, even superior concrete pipe cross-sections.

Tubular or rod-shaped components made of carbon fiber and / or glass fiber reinforced high-performance concrete are corrosion-resistant and significantly lighter than previous reinforced concrete structures. This modern material has the great advantage over steel that it does not have to be periodically subjected to complex, environmentally harmful corrosion protection treatment.

The possible uses of such tubular or rod-shaped components are, for example, in infrastructure buildings, such as masts for lighting, overhead lines, high-voltage lines, radio masts, etc. The advantage of the tubular components proposed according to the invention lies in their lower weight and thus in the simpler assembly and in the absence of the need for maintenance .

Another application is in DC railway systems, for example for the replacement of steel poles as a result of leakage current damage. In railway systems that have a direct current network, major damage to the steel poles occurs as a result of leakage currents. Another area of application is in high-voltage lines, since the production of weakly conductive pylons has the advantage that simpler suspension systems are possible for fastening the conductor cables.

Another area of application is in building construction for the manufacture of prefabricated supports. The advantage lies in better fire safety and the slenderness of the supports.

The areas of application given above are of course only examples which can be expanded or supplemented in any way. For example, it is also possible to use the tubular structures proposed according to the invention for pipelines or for pipes, for example consisting of a material other than concrete. It is also possible, for example, to use a synthetic resin, such as epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, polyester resin and the like, as the matrix instead of cement, which resin can be filled with any mineral or non-mineral fillers. Pipes made of synthetic resin with fibrous reinforcement can also be produced using centrifugal technology.

The fiber-reinforced reinforcement or reinforcement can be, for example, reinforcing bars containing pultruded glass and / or carbon fibers, which are preferably arranged longitudinally in the tube or the tubular construction. These rods can be slack as well as pre-stressed in the tubular or rod-shaped construction.

The bars can at least along sections, preferential as at their ends or in the anchoring area, be surface-coated, preferably with aluminum oxide, quartz sand or other stable mineral or ceramic granules, which are applied, for example, with an epoxy resin-like material on the surface of the reinforcing bars.

The rods mentioned are preferably arranged largely uniformly along the pipe cross section and can be encased on the outside by means of additional reinforcement, such as a lattice-shaped or ring-shaped reinforcement, for deriving the shear forces and improving the crack distribution.

Finally, the rods can be anchored end-to-end in conical anchor sleeves, pre-stressed in the tubular or rod-shaped construction, whether at times with the prestressed bed method or always with the tendon method.

The reinforcement or reinforcement can also be braided, woven or wound lattice baskets made of fiber strands, preferably so-called rovings. A fiber spiral or endless spiral, which extends along the entire length of the tubular construction, is also suitable as reinforcement.

Further preferred design variants of the reinforcement or reinforcement according to the invention are characterized in the dependent claims 2 to 16.

A method for producing a tubular or rod-shaped structure is also proposed, comprising the fibrous reinforcement or reinforcement, according to the wording, in particular according to claim 17. Preferred embodiment variants of the method according to the invention are characterized in the dependent claims.

Finally, methods are described for producing a braided, woven or wound lattice-like reinforcement or reinforcement, such as is used in a tubular or rod-shaped construction according to the invention. These methods are characterized in one of the claims 19 or 20.

The various figures refer to the various tubular or rod-shaped constructions, manufacturing methods of the tubular or rod-shaped constructions and manufacturing methods for the production of the reinforcements or reinforcements. The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to these exemplary figures.

Show:

1 shows a pipe cross section with a steel reinforcement according to the prior art.

Figure 2 shows a pipe cross section with a reinforcement consisting of fiber-reinforced plastic.

3a tubular reinforcements in cross or longitudinal section, up to 3d containing a longitudinal reinforcement and a transverse reinforcement;

Fig. 4 in perspective, a braided lattice-like fiber-reinforced reinforcement;

5 shows a loosely braided fiber stocking for the Position of a reinforcement according to FIG. 4;

6a shows schematically the production of a fiber-reinforced lattice tube to 6c from a braided stocking according to FIG. 4 for a tube reinforcement;

Fig. 7a different wound mesh tubes made of fiber reinforced to 7f reinforced plastic in a longitudinal view;

Fig. 8 in longitudinal section, a conical anchoring sleeve for the terminal anchoring of a longitudinal reinforcement bar and

Fig. 9 a reinforcement bar coated with granules.

Fig. 1 shows a pipe cross section of a pipe ¹ l with a steel reinforcement comprising longitudinally extending in the pipe steel rods 9 'and the rods enveloping shear reinforcement 11'. The steel reinforcement is covered both inside and outside by a concrete cover 3 'or 5' as corrosion protection.

In contrast, FIG. 2 shows a pipe cross section with a fiber-reinforced reinforcement, comprising, on the one hand, longitudinal bars 9 and a shear reinforcement 11 enveloping the bars. Again, the reinforcement is covered with high-performance concrete, it also being possible to dispense entirely with a concrete cover. With a minimal concrete cover, the reinforcement made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic is protected from dynamic influences.

3a to 3d are common reinforcement patterns for reinforced concrete today. They are also suitable for carbon fiber reinforced plastic. 3a shows the reinforcement according to FIG. 2, having the longitudinal bars 9 and a transverse Reinforcement 11. This transverse reinforcement 11 can, for example, as shown in Fig. 3b, consist of simple cross brackets 11b, by means of which the longitudinal bars 9 are wrapped to connect the outside.

However, it is also possible for the transverse reinforcement to consist of a double-wound helix 11c, as shown in FIG. 3c.

FIG. 3d shows a coiled spiral or spiral lld running on one side, again encasing the longitudinal bars 9 on the outside.

The relatively expensive carbon fiber material must be used as sparingly as possible, i.e. the corresponding constructions must be optimally designed. The diagonal reinforcement is both a longitudinal reinforcement and a transverse reinforcement, i.e. takes on bending tensile stresses and shear from lateral force and from torsion. For a pipe cross section with pure torsion, this is the most efficient reinforcement with an axis angle of ± 45 °. With axial pressure, the concrete compressive strength increases with a striking increase in ductility as a result of the confining action.

Reinforcement cages according to Fig. 3c and Fig. 3d consist of longitudinal bars and cross bars.

The more closely meshed the baskets are, the better the crack distribution. In other words, close-meshed mesh baskets lead to the finest possible crack distribution.

The corrosion-resistant reinforcement made of carbon and / or glass fibers allows minimal concrete cover (both outside as well as inside) and thus enables the production of thin-walled pipe cross sections. The minimal concrete cover is intended to protect the fiber-reinforced reinforcement from mechanical influences. The minimum concrete cover must be larger than the largest aggregate grain, due to the compaction, for example, when spinning when manufacturing the tubular structure. Close-meshed reinforcement is preferred for thin-walled pipe cross sections for the above reasons. The cross sections shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and subsequent figures can of course also be full profiles or rod profiles, since the measures proposed according to the invention are not limited to pipes.

4 shows a fiber-reinforced lattice tube 21 in a longitudinal perspective, consisting of diagonally braided so-called rovings 23. Of course, it can also be braided from several rovings, so-called strands. The manufacture of fiber-reinforced lattice tubes of this type is referred to below with reference to FIGS. 6a to 6c.

The starting point for the production of such laminated lattice tubes from braided stockings is a stocking-like or tubular braided fabric, as shown in FIG. 5. The individual strands, as mentioned above, consist of so-called rovings, for example comprising carbon fibers and / or glass fibers. In practice, it has been shown that it can make sense to tie several carbon fiber rovings with glass fiber threads in order to braid. The stocking or hose shown in FIG. 5 is wound up on rolls after braiding.

6a to 6c it is now shown how the mesh basket or the mesh tube to be used for the reinforcement is produced. is provided. A roll 27, comprising the braided endless hose or stocking 25, unrolls it with simultaneous slipping over a longitudinally shaped core shape 29 for shaping. The tube is pushed over a rounded tip 31 of the cylindrical or conical core shape 29. The core shape is usually made of wood, but it can also be made of metal or plastic. The core form 29 is previously protected with a hose with a plastic film or is coated with a separating material that is usually used in plastics technology, so that the trellis tube can then be removed from the mold properly after its manufacture. A "bottle-shaped" core shape, for example, is also possible. A great advantage in the case of complicated shapes is that the stocking adapts to the respective shape.

After being slipped on, the hose 25 opens into a loose, flexible lattice shape 33 and, due to the force of gravity, only falls downwards when it is pushed slightly upwards. Pulling the hose over the core shape does not work vertically or horizontally; the reason is probably that a constriction occurs immediately when pulling due to friction.

It was also found that carbon fiber hoses with thick strands, since they are stiffer, more robust and less filigree, can be placed over the mold better than fine ones. Due to the greater weight, such hoses also slide better over the form. The fiber stocking or tube can be placed over the core shape 29 both manually and mechanically.

After the lattice shape 33 extends along the entire surface Before the core mold 29 extends, the mesh basket is now made by laminating the mesh 33 using a resin such as epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, polyester resin and the like. After curing of the resin, a rigid lattice tube is thus produced, having a lattice structure along the entire length, as shown, for example, in FIG. 6b and designated by the reference number 37. After curing, the core mold 29 is removed, and the fiber reinforcement for the production of an inventive The defined tubular construction is thus completed. The only thing left is to shorten the trellis tube to the desired length.

When manufacturing the tubular mesh, it is important to include the final geometry of the pipe, the support or the mast to be created, since the geometry of the mesh basket must of course be based on this. For this reason it makes sense, for example, to design the core shape to be slightly conical, since, as is well known, masts are also designed to converge conically upwards. In contrast, in the manufacture of conduit pipes, the conical shape of the core shape must be avoided.

It should also be noted that the circumference of the tube and the number of strands after the core shape has been slipped on

a) determine the pitch angle of the opposing strands and

b) the size of the lattice openings between the strands.

For example, as shown in FIG. 6c, it has been shown that an angle of inclination with respect to the horizontal of approximately 45 ° is to be preferred, this angle of course varying or increasing from bottom to top in the case of conical mesh baskets.

The manufacture of fiber hoses and stockings is usually carried out according to conventional methods by specialized companies. When producing strands consisting of several rovings, these can have a basic carbon fiber structure which is wrapped with a glass fiber cord. This measure has various effects:

The wrapping of the carbon fiber strands creates relatively stiff "cords" which can be placed over the mandrel more easily and without problems.

If strands are wrapped with a glass fiber cord, a ribbed strand surface is created as a result of the constriction. This leads to an improved adhesion or to a shorter anchoring length in the concrete.

7a to 7f show different design variants of wound, fiber-reinforced lattice tubes, which are produced, for example, by means of winding machines. Resin-impregnated carbon and / or glass fibers are generally wound on a winding core, which in turn is preferably coated with a release agent. The advantage of wrapping lies in the mechanical production and thus in the production of reproducibly exact shapes. Long fibers can be used. The fiber use is also more optimal, since a targeted angle adjustment is possible depending on the static load. The size or geometry of the grid opening can be influenced in a targeted manner. Ultimately, it is possible to make cutouts, cross-sectional considerations etc. directly in the winding process.

In Fig. 7a, a coiled lattice tube is shown, having diagonal lattice strands with a pitch angle of 45 °. In FIG. 7b, on the other hand, the pitch angle is relatively flat, and in FIG. 7c the grating tube has grating strands that are steeply angled.

In FIG. 7d the lattice tube has a conical shape, while the lattice tube according to FIG. 7e has a constriction 43. 7f, finally, a recess 45 is provided.

After the winding process, the trellis tube is set, for example, by the resin which has penetrated into the individual strands curing at normal temperature. If it is a hot-curing binder, the lattice tube wound on the winding form must be re-annealed to trigger curing of the laminating resin. After the lamination resin or the binder resin has hardened, the lattice tube can in turn be removed from the winding core and shortened to the desired length.

Another possibility for producing grid-like reinforcements is spot welding of so-called thermoplastic fiber-reinforced strips. These tapes, consisting of a thermoplastic material, for example with a volume fraction of 30% to 40%, reinforced with, for example, 60 to 70% by volume of fibers, can be welded to one another by laying them together, pressing them on and heating them up selectively.

Analogous to the manufacturing method, set out with reference to FIGS. 7a to 7f, this spot welding technique can be used fiber-reinforced mesh baskets can also be produced.

Another possibility is to encapsulate flaccid or prestressed longitudinal bars with a helix or by means of a spiral, the helix being able to be produced with fiber-reinforced thermoplastic tapes, for example reinforced with carbon fibers, which are glued at points to the longitudinal reinforcement.

However, it is also possible to produce a helix from fiber rovings or fiber strands, the fiber rovings being wound onto a core shape, taking into account the later diameter of the longitudinal reinforcement, whereupon the helix is laminated and hardened, after which it is removed from the mold.

With reference to FIGS. 8 and 9, the prestressing of longitudinal bars, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, for example essentially consisting of fibers, will now be described. Tensioning fiber-reinforced bars is associated with various difficulties:

1. The anchoring of, for example, carbon fiber rods in concrete can be solved satisfactorily only with a so-called "breading", such a surface coating with the reference number 51 in FIG.

9 is shown schematically. Mineral and ceramic granules, which are glued to the carbon fiber wires by means of an epoxy resin, for example, have proven to be a suitable surface coating.

2. The end anchoring for the prestressing of the carbon fiber wires requires a special anchoring system, as shown for example in FIG. 8. Since the on Shear forces sensitive carbon fiber rods can not be held by clamping, the anchoring force is achieved with a wedge effect in a cylindrical sleeve 53. Such anchoring sleeves are known from the prior art, as described, for example, in international patent application WO95 / 29308. A detailed description of such anchoring sleeves is omitted here and only reference is made to the international patent application mentioned above.

In practice, it has been shown that in the production of slightly tapered masts, which have a larger diameter at their base than at the end of the head, by applying prestressing forces to the reinforcement at the head end or the tip, excessive forces may be exerted on the Concrete is transferred because the diameter is smaller than at the base. When using reinforcing irons, the surfaces of some of the reinforcing irons are treated in such a way that the concrete practically does not adhere to them. In the present invention, it is therefore advantageous to omit the "breading" on part of the wires or carbon fiber rods, so that the entire prestressing force is not transmitted to the concrete. In other words, due to the partial omission of the breading, the adhesion to the smooth wires or rods is rather poor, which is desirable in the head region or the tip of a mast.

The tubular and / or rod-shaped construction defined according to the invention is now preferably produced using the so-called centrifugal process, a process which is also used for masts etc. with steel reinforcement and has proven itself to be very effective. First, the lower half of the formwork is made available, cleaned and treated with formwork oil or a separating material, for example. The previously described and prepared reinforcement cage or reinforcement is then placed in this lower half of the formwork. Now the liquid to soft plastic concrete is poured through the reinforcement into the provided lower half of the formwork. Of course, instead of the concrete, another binder / filler mixture can be poured into this formwork half, such as a filled synthetic resin compound.

The upper half of the formwork is then attached, followed by screwing, wedging, etc. with the lower half of the formwork. Finally, the pipe is manufactured with a centrifugal force of approx. 30g to 50g (30 to 50 times gravitational acceleration) in the area of the largest radius of the product. After curing, the tube produced in this way using a centrifugal process is removed from the formwork.

As mentioned, no newly developed equipment is required for the production of the pipes by means of centrifugal processes, but proven and conventional centrifugal devices can also be used, as are also used for the production of steel pipes reinforced with concrete.

The pipes, reinforcements and reinforcements, anchoring, mesh baskets, etc. shown in FIGS. 2 to 9 are of course only examples which serve to explain the present invention in more detail. Although the invention has been largely described with reference to the production of reinforced concrete pipes, it goes without saying lent it possible to reinforce any material used for the manufacture of pipes or rods by means of fiber-reinforced reinforcement. Thus, the present invention is not limited to round cross sections, but of course tubes or rods with angular or oval cross sections can also be reinforced according to the invention. The material used for pipe or rod production can also be mineral binders, synthetic resins or partially crosslinking thermoplastic materials which are filled to a low or relatively high degree, again, for example, by means of mineral fillers. The reinforcement is preferably one made of fibers. It is also possible, for example, to use metallic fibers for the reinforcement and / or to wipe with the materials carbon and glass mentioned.

It is also in itself irrelevant whether, for example, thermosetting or partially cross-linking thermoplastic binders are used for the production of the braided or wound fabric-like baskets or tubular hoses, the suitable choice of the preferably laminated binder also depends, of course, on the choice of the fiber material for the manufacture of the reinforcement mesh or tubular or tubular reinforcement mesh is used.

It is essential to the invention that reinforcement or reinforcement made of fibers is used for the reinforcement of tubular or rod-shaped structures.

Claims

Claims:

1. Tubular or rod-shaped construction (1) or full tubular profile, such as, in particular, casing pipe, conduit, single-layer or multilayer casing of a support or mast and the like, as well as full-area cross section, characterized by fiber-reinforced reinforcement or reinforcement (9, 11, 21, 33, 37, 41).

2. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile, in particular according to claim 1, characterized by reinforcement or reinforcement, comprising carbon, glass, aramid, stretched polyethylene, polypropylene, boron, polyester or other plastic fibers.

3. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile, in particular according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the reinforcement or reinforcement contains pul-fiberized, longitudinally extending plastic rods (9), which rods are preferably prestressed.

4. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile, in particular according to claim 3, characterized in that the rods are surface-coated at least along sections, preferably at their ends or in the anchoring area, preferably with aluminum oxide, quartz sand or other stable mineral or ceramic granules ( 51).

5. tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile, in particular according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the rods are arranged at least uniformly distributed along the pipe cross-section and on the outside by means of an additional reinforcement (11, 21, 33, 37, 41 ) git- ter-shaped, fabric-like or spiral or spiral wrapped.

6. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile, in particular according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the rods are anchored at the end in conical anchor sleeves (53).

7. tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the reinforcement or reinforcement (11, 21, 33, 37, 41) is a braided, woven or wound lattice fabric or a hose - Or tubular network structure made of fiber strands, preferably so-called rovings.

8. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the reinforcement or reinforcement is made from an endless spiral or an endless spiral made of fiber strands.

9. tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the reinforcement or reinforcement has a stocking-like or tubular mesh fabric.

10. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the lattice meshes are formed from rhomboid-like quadrilaterals stretched in the longitudinal or transverse direction with acute angles in a range from approximately 30 ° to 90 °.

11. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile, in particular according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the slopes of the individual fiber strands with respect to the cross-sectional plane of the tubular structure or the solid profile, in particular in the case of pressure members, an angle of approx. Include 45 °.

12. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or full profile, in particular according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the stocking-like or lattice-like fabric extends substantially along the entire length of the tubular construction or the full profile.

13. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile, in particular according to one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the reinforcement has longitudinal bars which are additionally reinforced by the lattice or stocking-like fabric, enveloping the outside.

14. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the tube consists of so-called high-performance concrete.

15. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the core of the tube is filled.

16. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that they are cylindrical or conical.

17. Process for producing a tubular or rod-shaped Shaped structure or a full profile according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the reinforcement or reinforcement having fibers or fiber strands is inserted into a centrifugal formwork and the tube or full profile is produced by means of a centrifugal process.

18. The method, in particular according to claim 17, characterized in that first a lower half of the formwork of a centrifugal device is cleaned and treated by means of a separating film, such as formwork oil, then the prepared reinforcement cage or the reinforcement is placed in this lower half of the formwork, then the filling of the liquid to soft-plastic filled binders, preferably concrete, through the reinforcement into the lower half of the formwork, the upper half of the formwork with subsequent screwing, wedging etc. is placed on the lower half of the formwork, the screwed formwork with a centrifugal force of approx. 30g to 50g in the area of largest radius of the product is flung and finally the tubular construction is demolded.

19. A method for producing a laminated, fiber-containing lattice tube from a braided fiber hose for use in a tubular construction according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that a loose hose is braided or woven from, for example, carbon fibers, the hose thus produced consists of diagonally braided or woven rovings or strands consisting of several rovings, the hose is wound onto a roll, for example, from which the hose is slipped over a core shape for shaping, which core shape is previously coated with a release agent is layered so that perfect demolding is possible after the resin has hardened; after the tube has been slipped on, the resulting lattice basket resting on the core mold is laminated with a binder, such as a synthetic resin, and finally, after the resin has hardened, the lattice basket or the laminated lattice tube is removed from the core mold.

20. A method for producing a wound, fiber-containing lattice tube for reinforcement or reinforcement of a tubular structure according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that preferably long fibers or those which are spun into continuous yarns, spiral or on a winding core are wound up in a lattice shape, the size or geometry of the meshes being influenced depending on the requirements for the reinforcement or reinforcement, the stiffened tubular tube is then stiffened by means of a binder, such as in particular a synthetic resin, and after it has hardened, the tubular tube is removed from the winding core.

21. supports or masts, characterized by a tubular or rod-shaped construction or a full profile according to one of claims 1 to 16.

CHANGED CLAIMS

[Received at the International Bureau on December 9, 1997 (December 9, 1997); original claims 1-21 replaced by amended claims 1-19 (5 pages)]

1. Tubular or rod-shaped construction (1) or full pipe profile, such as, in particular, casing pipe, conduit, single or multi-layer casing of a column or mast and the like, as well as full-area cross section, with a fiber-reinforced reinforcement or reinforcement (9, 11, 21, 33 , 37, 41), characterized in that the reinforcement or reinforcement contains pultruded fiber-reinforced, longitudinal plastic rods (9), which rods are prestressed and / or that the reinforcement or reinforcement (11, 21, 33, 37, 41) braided, woven or wound lattice fabric or a tubular or tubular network structure made of fiber strands, preferably so-called rovings.

2. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile according to claim 1, characterized by reinforcement or reinforcement, including carbon, glass, aramid, stretched polyethylene, polypropylene, boron, polyester or other plastic fibers.

3. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rods are surface-coated at least along sections, preferably at their ends or in the anchoring area, preferably with aluminum oxide, quartz sand or other stable mineral or ceramic granules ( 51).

4. tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rods are arranged at least uniformly distributed along the pipe cross-section and lattice-shaped on the outside by means of an additional reinforcement (11, 21, 33, 37, 41),

CHANGED FLOW (ARTICLE 19) are wrapped like a fabric or end or spiral.

5. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rods are anchored terminally in conical anchor sleeves (53).

6. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the reinforcement or reinforcement is made of an endless spiral or an endless spiral of fiber strands.

7. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the reinforcement or reinforcement has a stocking-like or tubular mesh fabric.

8. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the grid meshes are formed from rhomboid-like quadrilaterals stretched in the longitudinal or transverse direction with acute angles in a range from approximately 30 ° to 90 °.

9. tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the slopes of the individual fiber strands with respect to the cross-sectional plane of the tubular structure or the solid profile, in particular in the case of pressure members, an angle of approximately 45 ° lock in.

10. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the stocking-like or lattice-like fabric extends essentially along the entire length of the tubular Construction or the full profile extends.

11. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the reinforcement has longitudinal bars which are additionally reinforced by the lattice or stocking-like fabric, enveloping the outside.

12. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the tube consists of so-called high-performance concrete.

13. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the core of the tube is filled.

14. Tubular or rod-shaped construction or solid profile according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that it is cylindrical or conical.

15. A method for producing a tubular or rod-shaped structure or a full profile according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the reinforcement or reinforcement having fibers or fiber strands is inserted into a centrifugal formwork and the tube or full profile production is carried out by means of a centrifugal process .

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that first a lower half of the formwork of a centrifugal device is cleaned and treated by means of a separating film, such as formwork oil, then the prepared one Reinforcement cage or the reinforcement is placed in this lower half of the formwork, then the liquid to soft-plastic filled binder, preferably concrete, is poured through the reinforcement into the lower half of the formwork, the upper half of the formwork with subsequent screwing, wedging etc. is placed on the lower half of the formwork the bolted formwork is thrown with a centrifugal force of approx. 30g to 50g in the area of the largest radius of the product and finally the tubular construction is demolded.

17. A method for producing a laminated, fiber-containing lattice tube from a braided fiber hose for use in a tubular construction according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that a loose hose made of e.g. Carbon fibers are braided or woven, the tube thus produced consisting of diagonally braided or woven rovings or strands consisting of several rovings, the tube is wound, for example, on a roll, from which the tube is put over a core shape for the shaping, which Core mold is coated beforehand with a release agent so that a perfect demolding is possible after the resin has hardened; after the tube has been slipped on, the resulting lattice basket resting on the core mold is laminated with a binder, such as a synthetic resin, and finally, after the resin has hardened, the lattice basket or the laminated lattice tube is removed from the core mold.

18. A method for producing a wound, lattice tube containing fibers for reinforcement or reinforcement of a tubular structure according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that preferably long fibers or those spun into continuous yarns are wound onto a winding core in a spiral or lattice shape, the size or geometry of the stitches being influenced depending on the requirements for the reinforcement or reinforcement, subsequently the wound lattice tube is stiffened by means of a binder, such as in particular a synthetic resin, and after the liner has hardened, the lattice tube is removed from the winding core.

19. supports or masts, characterized by a tubular or rod-shaped construction or a full profile according to one of claims 1 to 14.

DECLARATION REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 19

In the international search report for the international patent application No. PCT / CH97 / 000267, two documents were researched in the prior art, which are judged to be harmful to novelty, in particular for claim 1.

US Pat. No. 4,049,022 describes a cement pipe with a glass fiber reinforcement which is arranged in two concentric planes in the sense of helical windings along the longitudinal extent of the pipe. Longitudinal bars, as claimed for example in claim 3 of the above-mentioned international patent application, are not mentioned. Thus, this US patent is relevant in relation to the two original claims 1 and 2.

German patent DE 36 16 445 describes a tube reinforcement comprising longitudinal, fiber-reinforced reinforcement elements, such as bars, which are additionally helically reinforced with a fabric band made of fiber material or are wrapped around the outside. However, these longitudinal bars are only mentioned as an auxiliary system for winding the tape, and a pretensioning of these longitudinal bars is not considered necessary.

On the basis of these two documents from the prior art, the claims of the above-mentioned international patent application were revised and restricted to facts, which are neither prescribed nor suggested by the two documents.

The reformulated independent claim 1 basically contains two alternative proposals for the reinforcement of tubular or rod-shaped constructions or solid tube profiles, which alternatives can also be used in combination. According to one alternative, pultruded, fiber-reinforced, longitudinal plastic rods are proposed for the reinforcement or reinforcement, which rods are prestressed. According to the second alternative, reinforcements or reinforcements are proposed, comprising braided, woven or wound lattice fabrics or tubular or tubular network structures made of fiber strands, neither of which alternatives are known from US Pat. No. 4,049,022 or from DE 36 16 445.

The remaining original dependent claims have been reformulated to be dependent on the new independent claim 1.