WO1997049115A1 - Tube a rayons x - Google Patents

Tube a rayons x Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997049115A1
WO1997049115A1 PCT/NL1997/000341 NL9700341W WO9749115A1 WO 1997049115 A1 WO1997049115 A1 WO 1997049115A1 NL 9700341 W NL9700341 W NL 9700341W WO 9749115 A1 WO9749115 A1 WO 9749115A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ray tube
housing
focusing device
cathode
ceramic carrier
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NL1997/000341
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Hendrik Jan Willem Reus
Original Assignee
B.V. Optische Industrie 'de Oude Delft'
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by B.V. Optische Industrie 'de Oude Delft' filed Critical B.V. Optische Industrie 'de Oude Delft'
Publication of WO1997049115A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997049115A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
    • H01J35/06—Cathodes
    • H01J35/066—Details of electron optical components, e.g. cathode cups

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an X-ray tube, in particular an X-ray tube with rotating anode, intended for studying the molecular structure of crystalline materials according to the X-ray diffraction method.
  • an X-ray tube is usually provided with a housing, an anode and a cathode which are mounted in the housing, the cathode comprising a focusing device, an incandescent wire and a ceramic carrier, which ceramic carrier supports the focusing device and the incandescent wire in the housing.
  • Such X-ray tubes operate with a continuous tube power of the order of magnitude of 18 kW, only a small part of which is converted into X-radiation.
  • a power of 180-220 W is needed to maintain the incandescent filament at a high temperature at which sufficient electrons are released to maintain the current through the tube.
  • the temperature of the cathode and the housing conseguently rises to such an extent that cooling of the cathode and the housing is necessary.
  • the design of the cathode part of the X-ray tube is relatively complex, and this cathode part has large dimen ⁇ sions.
  • the dimensions of the cathode part constitute a restriction for the freedom of placing the detector which is used in X-ray diffraction study.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an X- ray tube of the type mentioned in the preamble, in which the disadvantages of the known X-ray tubes are effectively overcome.
  • the X-ray tube according to the invention is characterized in that the ceramic carrier is made of a ceramic material with a thermal conductivity of at least 80 W/mK.
  • the invention is based on the insight that by deliberately using a ceramic material with advantageous characteristics as regards thermal conductivity a compact design of the ceramic carrier is possible and separate cooling of the cathode by means of oil or another complex measure is not necessary.
  • the heat of the cathode can be discharged by way of the ceramic carrier to the housing, which is cooled in the usual way by water or the like. Owing to the compact design of the cathode, great freedom for placing the detector for the X-ray diffraction study is obtained.
  • the cathode it is possible with a simple design of the cathode to remove and insert the incandescent filament guickly without using aids, while the accuracy of the position of the incandescent filament remains guaranteed.
  • the ceramic carrier is preferably made of alumin- ium nitride, the thermal conductivity of which is 140- 180 W/mK.
  • Fig. 1 shows a section of an embodiment of the X- ray tube according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows part of the X-ray tube from Fig. 1, on a larger scale.
  • Fig. 3 shows part of the X-ray tube from Fig. 1 in section on a larger scale, the anode being illustrated in side view.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 show very diagrammatically an X-ray tube which is provided with a housing 1 and an anode 2 supported rotatably in the housing. The rotatable support of the anode and the seal thereof relative to the housing
  • turbo-molecular pump 4 which interacts with a pump (not shown) to take care of the vacuum in the housing 1, is also fitted in the housing 1.
  • a cathode 6 is supported by means of a ceramic carrier 7 in a wall 5 of the housing 1.
  • Said cathode 6 comprises a focusing device 8 and an incandescent filament
  • the focusing device 8 is made of, for example, molybdenum and by means of the ceramic carrier 7 is placed in such a way that it is isolated relative to the housing
  • Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate the wall 5 of the housing 1 with the cathode 6 and the ceramic carrier 7 shown on a larger scale.
  • channels 10 for a cooling liquid for example water
  • the X-ray tube described works continuously at a power of, for example, 18 kW, with the result that the temperature of the anode 2 can rise to very high values, of the order of 600-l000°C. This causes the temperature of the cathode 6 also to rise to high values.
  • the heat of the cathode in particular of the focusing device 8 is discharged directly by way of the ceramic carrier 7 to the wall 5 of the housing 1.
  • the ceramic carrier 7 is made of a material with a thermal conductivity of at least 80 W/mK.
  • the specific resistance of the ceramic material is also at least 10 9 ⁇ . cm.
  • the breakdown field strength must be at least 15 kV/mm.
  • a particularly suitable material is, for example, aluminium nitride.
  • the focusing device 8 has a circular periphery, and in the exemplary embodiment shown is mounted in a cylindrical chamber 11 of the ceramic carrier 7.
  • the focusing device 8 can be fixed in said chamber 12 by, for example, soldering.
  • a shoulder 12 is formed in the carrier 7, said shoulder forming a stop for the focusing device 8.
  • the ceramic carrier 7 is placed in the same way in the wall 5 against a shoulder 13.
  • the focusing device 8 has a mounting space 14 in which a ceramic carrier plate 15 of the incandescent filament 9 is accommodated in a close fit.
  • the carrier plate 15 and the mounting space 14 are provided with interacting positioning means, so that the carrier plate 15 can be placed only in a predetermined position in the mounting space 14.
  • Such positioning means can also be used to ensure a predetermined position of the carrier 7 relative to the wall 5 or of the focusing device 8 relative to the carrier 7.
  • the incandescent filament 9 is supported in the carrier plate 15 by two contact supports 16.
  • Each contact support 16 has a contact element 17 which interacts with a corresponding spring contact 18 which is supported in a closing plate 19.
  • the contacts 18 hold the carrier plate 15 in the correct position in the mounting space 14 or the focusing device 8 in the carrier 7, or the carrier 7 in the wall 5.
  • the use of the closing plate 19 described has the advantage that the incandescent filament 9 can be replaced in a simple manner by removing the closing plate.
  • the seal is achieved by a suitable rubber sealing ring 20.
  • the closing plate 19 is held in place by spring clamps (not shown) in the absence of a vacuum in the housing 1. It will be clear that when vacuum is present in the housing 1 the closing plate 19 is retained on the wall 5 in such a way that it automatically seals.
  • the closing plate 19, like the carrier plate 14 for the incandescent filament 9, is preferably made of the same material as the ceramic carrier 7.
  • the closing plate also supports a spring contact 21 for connection of the focusing device 8 to a high- voltage source (not illustrated) .
  • said spring contact 21 exerts a spring force on the focusing device 8.
  • the supply cable for the connection of the spring contacts 18, 21 is indicated diagrammatically by 22.
  • the X-ray tube can be designed with two windows 23 for taking X-ray radiation from a point source, and with a window 24 for taking X-ray radiation from a line source. If two line sources are desired, the construction can be modified in such a way that the inlet for the cable 22 runs parallel to the axis of the anode. This means that one point source also remains available.
  • the inven ⁇ tion provides an X-ray tube in which using a suitable ceramic material for the carrier of the cathode means that separate cooling for the cathode is no longer necessary. This also permits a particularly compact construction, and the user can place the detector used in the X-ray diffraction study in a wide radius around the X-ray tube, as indicated diagrammatically by arrows 25 in Fig. 1.

Landscapes

  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un tube à rayons X comportant un logement ainsi qu'une anode et une cathode y étant montées. La cathode comporte un dispositif de focalisation, un fil incandescent et un suppport en céramique intérieur au logement recevant le dispositif de focalisation et le fil incandescent. Le support céramique est fait d'un matériau céramique présentant une conductivité thermique d'au moins 80W/mK.
PCT/NL1997/000341 1996-06-21 1997-06-18 Tube a rayons x WO1997049115A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1003389 1996-06-21
NL1003389A NL1003389C2 (nl) 1996-06-21 1996-06-21 Röntgenbuis.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997049115A1 true WO1997049115A1 (fr) 1997-12-24

Family

ID=19763049

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NL1997/000341 WO1997049115A1 (fr) 1996-06-21 1997-06-18 Tube a rayons x

Country Status (2)

Country Link
NL (1) NL1003389C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997049115A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1033315C2 (nl) * 2006-01-31 2009-11-24 Varian Med Sys Tech Inc Kathodekop uitgerust met beschermende kenmerken voor het filament.
WO2019192686A1 (fr) * 2018-04-04 2019-10-10 Comet Ag Géométrie de cathode facile à installer de tubes à rayons x

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1514510A1 (de) * 1965-07-19 1970-06-04 Siemens Ag Strahlerzeugungssystem fuer Hochleistungsroehren
US3793549A (en) * 1971-12-27 1974-02-19 Siemens Ag X-ray tube
JPH02160332A (ja) * 1988-12-12 1990-06-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電子管用ヒータ
EP0412868A1 (fr) * 1989-08-07 1991-02-13 General Electric Cgr S.A. Cathode de tube à rayons X et tube ainsi obtenu
DE4026300A1 (de) * 1990-08-20 1992-02-27 Siemens Ag Elektronenemitter einer roentgenroehre
JPH05166478A (ja) * 1991-12-16 1993-07-02 Shimadzu Corp 回転陰極ｘ線管

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1514510A1 (de) * 1965-07-19 1970-06-04 Siemens Ag Strahlerzeugungssystem fuer Hochleistungsroehren
US3793549A (en) * 1971-12-27 1974-02-19 Siemens Ag X-ray tube
JPH02160332A (ja) * 1988-12-12 1990-06-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電子管用ヒータ
EP0412868A1 (fr) * 1989-08-07 1991-02-13 General Electric Cgr S.A. Cathode de tube à rayons X et tube ainsi obtenu
DE4026300A1 (de) * 1990-08-20 1992-02-27 Siemens Ag Elektronenemitter einer roentgenroehre
JPH05166478A (ja) * 1991-12-16 1993-07-02 Shimadzu Corp 回転陰極ｘ線管

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 014, no. 414 (E - 0975) 7 September 1990 (1990-09-07) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 017, no. 566 (E - 1446) 13 October 1993 (1993-10-13) *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1033315C2 (nl) * 2006-01-31 2009-11-24 Varian Med Sys Tech Inc Kathodekop uitgerust met beschermende kenmerken voor het filament.
US7657002B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2010-02-02 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Cathode head having filament protection features
WO2019192686A1 (fr) * 2018-04-04 2019-10-10 Comet Ag Géométrie de cathode facile à installer de tubes à rayons x

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL1003389C2 (nl) 1997-12-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP4308332B2 (ja) 低電力ｘｒｆ応用のための、空冷式で端部に窓を有する金属―セラミック製ｘ線管
US5056126A (en) Air cooled metal ceramic x-ray tube construction
EP0186937B1 (fr) Tube à rayons X à anode rotative
US4964148A (en) Air cooled metal ceramic x-ray tube construction
US5802140A (en) X-ray generating apparatus with integral housing
JP2539193B2 (ja) 高強度ｘ線源
JP4028601B2 (ja) Ｘ線管
US3476177A (en) Contact cooling and mounting device for a discharge tube
JPH0896889A (ja) Ｘ線管のための高電圧コネクタ
US20010014139A1 (en) X-ray tube having increased cooling capabilities
EP0726592B1 (fr) Tube à rayons X avec un getter et procédé
US6556654B1 (en) High voltage cable and clamp system for an X-ray tube
US4884292A (en) Air-cooled X-ray tube
WO1997049115A1 (fr) Tube a rayons x
US6362415B1 (en) HV connector with heat transfer device for X-ray tube
US6295338B1 (en) Oil cooled bearing assembly
GB2115219A (en) High current ion source
EP1500123A1 (fr) Dispositif servant a generer des rayons x pourvu d'un element anticalorifique
US2535708A (en) X-ray generator
US2228384A (en) High-voltage discharge tube
JPH0155539B2 (fr)
US6512816B1 (en) Temperature clock for x-ray tubes
US5146483A (en) Rotary anode x-ray tube
GB2175135A (en) Anode x-ray source
JP3365078B2 (ja) 真空コンデンサ

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): JP US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP

Ref document number: 98502720

Format of ref document f/p: F

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase