WO1997032930A1 - Für die herstellung von beschichteten textilien geeignete wässerige dispersionen - Google Patents
Für die herstellung von beschichteten textilien geeignete wässerige dispersionen Download PDFInfo
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- WO1997032930A1 WO1997032930A1 PCT/EP1997/001084 EP9701084W WO9732930A1 WO 1997032930 A1 WO1997032930 A1 WO 1997032930A1 EP 9701084 W EP9701084 W EP 9701084W WO 9732930 A1 WO9732930 A1 WO 9732930A1
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
- D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
- D06N3/142—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes mixture of polyurethanes with other resins in the same layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/0804—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups
- C08G18/0819—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0066—Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3467—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having more than two nitrogen atoms in the ring
- C08K5/3477—Six-membered rings
- C08K5/3492—Triazines
- C08K5/34922—Melamine; Derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to aqueous dispersions which are suitable for the production of coated textiles containing, based on the solids content
- the invention further relates to coated textiles which were produced using these dispersions and the use of the coated textiles, in particular in architectural protection, as roofing membranes.
- roofing membranes must meet a complex requirement profile, the following combination of properties is often required
- Coated textiles and their use in building protection as roofing membranes are known from EP-A-05 25 639.
- Aqueous dispersions are recommended as coating agents
- Copolymer composed of vinyl chloride, ethylene and a further monomer from the group (meth) acrylic esters, vinyl esters and ⁇ -olefins, a flame retardant, a foam stabilizer, optionally a melamine-formaldehyde resin and optionally a thickener.
- These coated textiles contain chlorinated polymers and are still in need of improvement in terms of fire protection behavior.
- aqueous dispersions for coating any substrates, preferably leather, which contain an ionomeric polyurethane and a foam stabilizer. If appropriate, this dispersion can be mixed with a further polymer dispersion and contain further auxiliaries and additives such as dyes, leveling and wetting agents, anti-adhesives, plasticizers and matting agents.
- the dispersion is used as a coating agent by mechanically foaming it, applying it to the substrate and drying the foam.
- the object of the present invention was therefore to provide an aqueous dispersion which is suitable for the production of roofing membranes with a high level of properties, which are in particular chlorine-free, have good fire protection behavior and at the same time have good water vapor permeability and have high water resistance to liquid water.
- aqueous dispersions according to the invention contain
- bl 10 to 90% by weight, preferably 30 to 70% by weight of styrene b2) 10 to 90% by weight, preferably 30 to 70% by weight of butadiene and b3) 0 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight of a further ethylenically unsaturated monomer which can be radically copolymerized with styrene
- the dispersions according to the invention can be easily prepared if one starts from a commercially available aqueous dispersion which contains the polyurethane (a) or the copolymer (b) (dispersion (a) or (b)) and one of these dispersions the missing components (a) to (h) are mixed.
- the mixing is not critical and is carried out, for example, by stirring.
- Suitable dispersions (a) are generally known and, for example, in Plastics Handbook Volume 7, 2nd Edition - Kunststoff; Wien-Hanser, 1983; Pages 24 to 26.
- the polyurethane is preferably made up of
- a2.1 10 to 100 mol%, based on the total amount of diols (a2), have a molecular weight of 500 to 5000, and
- optionally monohydric compounds which differ from the monomers (a1) to (a4) and have a reactive group which is an alcoholic hydroxyl group, a primary or secondary amino group or an isocyanate group.
- Suitable monomers (al) are the diisocyanates customarily used in polyurethane chemistry.
- diisocyanates X (NCO) 2 where X represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 15 carbon atoms or an araliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 7 to 15 carbon atoms.
- diisocyanates examples include tetra methylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, dodecamethylene diisocyanate, 1,4-diisocyanatocyclohexane, l-isocyanato-3, 5, 5-tri-methyl-5-isocyanatomethylcyclohexane (IPDI), 2,2-bis- (4- isocyanate-tocyclohexyl) propane, trimethylhexane diisocyanate, 1,4-diisocyanate-benzene, 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene, 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene, 4,4'-diisocyanato-diphenylmethane, 2,4'-diisocyanato-diphenylmethane, p -Xylylene diisocyanate, tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate (TMXDI), the isomers of bis- (4-
- the mixtures of the respective structural isomers of diisocyanatotoluene and diisocyanate-diphenylmethane are particularly important, in particular the mixture of 80 mol% 2,4 diisocyanatotoluene and 20 mol% 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene.
- mixtures of aromatic isocyanates such as 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene and / or 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene with aliphatic or cycloaliphatic isocyanates such as hexamethylene diisocyanate or IPDI are particularly advantageous, where the preferred mixing ratio of the aliphatic to aromatic isocyanates is 4: 1 to 1: 4.
- diols (a2) are primarily higher molecular weight diols (a2.1) which have a molecular weight of about 500 to 5000, preferably of about 100 to 3000 g / mol.
- the diols (a2.1) are, in particular, polyester polyols which are known, for example, from Ullmanns Encyklopadie der Vietnamese Chemie, 4th edition, volume 19, pages 62 to 65. Polyester polyols which are obtained by reacting dihydric alcohols with dihydric carboxylic acids are preferably used. Instead of the free polycarboxylic acids, the corresponding polycarboxylic acid anhydrides or corresponding polycarboxylic acid esters of lower alcohols or their mixtures can also be used to prepare the polyester polyols.
- the polycarboxylic acids can be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic and optionally substituted, for example by halogen atoms, and / or unsaturated.
- Examples include: suberic acid, azelaic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexaprophthalic anhydride, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, endo-methylene tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, glutaric anhydride, maleic fatty acid, maleic acid fatty acid, maleic acid fatty acid, maleic acid fatty acid, maleic acid fatty acid, maleic acid fatty acid, maleic acid fatty acid, maleic acid fatty acid, maleic acid fatty acid, maleic acid fatty acid, maleic acid fatty acid, maleic acid fatty acid, maleic acid fatty acid, maleic acid fatty acid, maleic acid fatty acid
- Dicarboxylic acids of the general formula HOOC- (CH 2 ) y -COOH are preferred, where y is a number from 1 to 20, preferably an even number from 2 to 20, for example succinic acid, adipic acid, dodecanedicarboxylic acid and sebacic acid.
- polyhydric alcohols examples include ethylene glycol, propane-1,2-diol, propane-1,3, diol, butane-1,3-diol, butene-1,4-diol, butyne-1,4-diol, pentane-1 , 5-diol, neopentyl glycol, bis (hydroxymethyl) cyclohexanes such as 1,4-bis (hydroxymethyl) cyclohexane, 2-methyl-propane-1,3-diol, methylpentanediols, and also diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol , Polyethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, dibutylene glycol and polybutylene glycol.
- Alcohols of the general formula HO- (CH 2 ) x -OH are preferred, where x is a number from 1 to 20.
- examples include ethylene glycol, butane-1, 4-diol, hexane-1, 6-diol, octane-1, 8-diol and dodecane-1, 12-diol.
- polycarbonate diols such as can be obtained, for example, by reacting phosgene with an excess of the low molecular weight alcohols mentioned as structural components for the polyester polyols.
- Lactone-based polyester diols are also suitable, these being homopolymers or copolymers of lactones, preferably addition products of lactones with terminal hydroxyl groups to suitable difunctional starter molecules.
- Preferred lactones are those which differ from
- Examples are ⁇ -caprolactone, ß-propiolactone, gamma-butyrolactone and / or methyl- ⁇ -caprolactone and mixtures thereof.
- the monomers (a2.1) are polyether diols. They are in particular by polymerization of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, styrene oxide or epichlorohydrin with themselves, for example in the presence of BF 3 or by addition of these compounds, if appropriate in a mixture or in succession, to starting components with reactive hydrogen atoms, such as alcohols or amines, for example Water, ethylene glycol, propane-1,2-diol, propane-1,3-diol, 1,2-bis (4-hydroxydiphenyl) propane or aniline are available. It is particularly preferred polytetrahydrofuran with a molecular weight of 240 to 5000, and especially 500 to 4500.
- the polyols can also be used as mixtures in a ratio of 0.1: 1 to 1: 9.
- the hardness and the modulus of elasticity of the polyurethanes can be increased if the diols (a2) in addition to the diols (a2.1) are also low molecular weight diols (a2.2) with a molecular weight of about 62 to 500, preferably 62 to 200 g / mol.
- polyester polyols The structural components of the short-chain alkanediols mentioned for the production of polyester polyols are primarily used as monomers (a2.2), the unbranched diols having 2 to 12 carbon atoms and an even number of carbon atoms being preferred.
- the proportion of the diols (a2.1), based on the total amount of the diols (a2), is preferably 10 to 100 mol% and the proportion of the monomers (a2.2), based on the total amount of the diols (a2), 0 to 90 mol%.
- the ratio is particularly preferably
- the polyurethanes are composed of monomers (a3) which differ from components (al), (a2) and (a4) and which have at least one isocyanate group or little- at least one group which is reactive towards isocyanate groups and, in addition, at least one hydrophilic group or a group which can be converted into a hydrophilic group are built on ⁇ .
- hydrophilic groups or potentially hydrophilic groups is abbreviated to "(potentially) hydrophilic groups”. The (potentially) hydrophilic groups react with isocyanates much more slowly than the functional groups of the monomers which serve to build up the main polymer chain.
- the proportion of components with (potentially) hydrophilic groups in the total amount of components (a1), (a2), (a3) and (a4) is generally such that the molar amount of the (potentially) hydrophilic groups, based on the amount by weight of all monomers (al) to (a4), 30 to 1000, preferably 50 to 500 and particularly preferably 80 to 400 mmol / kg.
- the (potentially) hydrophilic groups can be non-ionic or preferably (potentially) ionic hydrophilic groups.
- Particularly suitable nonionic hydrophilic groups are polyethylene glycol ethers composed of preferably 5 to 100, preferably 10 to 80, repeating ethylene oxide units.
- the content of polyethylene oxide units is generally from 0 to 15, preferably from 0 to 10,% by weight, based on the amount by weight of all monomers (al) to (a4).
- Preferred monomers with nonionic hydrophilic groups are the reaction products of a polyethylene glycol and one
- Diisocyanate which has a terminally etherified polyethylene glycol residue.
- Such diisocyanates and processes for their preparation are given in US Pat. Nos. 3,905,929 and 3,920,598.
- Ionic hydrophilic groups are above all anionic groups such as the sulfonate, carboxylate and phosphate groups in the form of their alkali metal or ammonium salts, and also cationic groups such as ammonium groups, in particular protonated tertiary amino groups or quaternary ammonium groups.
- Potentially ionic hydrophilic groups are, above all, those which can be converted into the above-mentioned ionic hydrophilic groups by simple neutralization, hydrolysis or quaternization reactions, ie, for example carboxylic acid groups, anhydride groups or tertiary amino groups.
- (Potentially) ionic monomers (a3) are described in detail, for example, in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 4th edition, volume 19, pages 311-313 and, for example, in DE-A 1 495 745.
- cationic monomers (a3) especially monomers with tertiary amino groups are of particular practical importance, for example: tris (hydroxyalkyl) amines, N, N'-bis (hydroxyalkyl) alkylamines, N-hydroxyalkyl dialkylamines, tris - (Aminoalkyl) amines, N, N'-bis (aminoalkyl) alkylamines, N-aminoalkyl dialkylamines, where the alkyl radicals and alkanediyl units of these tertiary amines independently of one another consist of 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
- tertiary amines are either with acids, preferably star ⁇ ken mineral acids such as phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrogen halogenoalkyl acids or strong organic acids or, by reaction with appropriate quaternizing agents such as Ci- to C ß alkyl halides, such as bromides or chlorides in the ammonium salts transferred.
- acids preferably star ⁇ ken mineral acids such as phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrogen halogenoalkyl acids or strong organic acids or, by reaction with appropriate quaternizing agents such as Ci- to C ß alkyl halides, such as bromides or chlorides in the ammonium salts transferred.
- Suitable monomers with (potentially) anionic groups are usually aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acids and sulfonic acids which carry at least one alcoholic hydroxyl group or at least one primary or secondary amino group.
- Dihydroxyalkylcarboxylic acids are preferred, especially those with 3 to 10 carbon atoms, as are also described in US Pat. No. 3,412,054.
- Compounds of the general formula are in particular
- R 1 and R 2 represent a C 1 -C 4 -alkanediyl unit and R 3 represents a C 1 -C 4 -alkyl unit and especially dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) is preferred.
- DMPA dimethylol propionic acid
- dihydroxysulfonic acids and dihydroxyphosphonic acids such as 2,3-dihydroxypropanephosphonic acid are also suitable.
- dihydroxyl compounds with a molecular weight above 500 to 10,000 g / mol with at least 2 carboxylate groups, which are known from DE-A 3 911 827.
- Suitable monomers (a3) with amino groups which are reactive toward isocyanates are amino carboxylic acids such as lysine, ⁇ -alanine, and the adducts of aliphatic diprimeric diamines with ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids such as N- (2-amino) mentioned in DE-A2034479 - ethyl) -2-aminoethane carboxylic acid and the corresponding N-aminoalkylaminoalkylcarboxylic acids, where the alkanediyl units consist of 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
- monomers with potentially ionic groups are used, they can be converted into the ionic form before, during, but preferably after the isocyanate polyaddition.
- the carboxylate groups are particularly preferably in the form of their salts with an alkali ion or an ammonium ion as counterion.
- the monomers (a4) which differ from the monomers (al) to (a3), are generally used for crosslinking or chain extension. There are generally more than divalent non-aromatic alcohols, amines with 2 or more primary and / or secondary amino groups and compounds which carry one or more alcoholic hydroxyl groups and one or more primary and / or secondary amino groups.
- Polyamines with 2 or more primary and / or secondary amino groups are used above all if the chain extension or crosslinking is to take place in the presence of water, since amines generally react faster with isocyanates than alcohols or water. This is often necessary when aqueous dispersions of crosslinked polyurethanes or high molecular weight polyurethanes are desired. In such cases, the procedure is to prepare prepolymers with isocyanate groups, to disperse them rapidly in water and then to extend or crosslink them by adding compounds having a plurality of amino groups reactive towards isocyanates.
- Amines suitable for this purpose are generally polyfunctional amines in the molecular weight range from 32 to 500 g / mol, preferably from 60 to 300 g / mol, which contain at least two primary, two secondary or one primary and one secondary amino group.
- Examples include diamines such as diaminoethane, diaminopropane, diaminobutane, diaminohexane, piperazine, 2, 5-dimethylpiperazine, amino-3-aminomethyl-3, 5, 5-trimethyl-cyclohexane (isophorone diamine, IPDA), 4, 4'-diaminodicyclohexylmethane , 1, 4-diaminocyclohexane, Aminoethylethanolamine, hydrazine, hydrazine hydrate or triamines such as diethylenetriamine or 1,8-diamino-4-aminomethyloctane.
- the amines can also be in blocked form, e.g. in the form of the corresponding ketimines (see, for example, CA-1 129 128), ketazines (see, for example, US Pat. No. 4,269,748) or amine salts (see US Pat. No. 4,292,226).
- Mixtures of di- and triamines are preferably used, particularly preferably mixtures of isophoronediamine and diethylenetriamine.
- the polyurethanes preferably contain no polyamine or 1 to 10, particularly preferably 4 to 8 mol%, based on the total amount of components (a2) and (a4) of a polyamine with at least 2 amino groups reactive towards isocyanates as monomers (a4).
- Alcohols with a higher valence than 2, which can serve to establish a certain degree of branching or crosslinking, are e.g. Trimethylolpropane, glycerin or sugar.
- Trivalent and tetravalent isocyanates can also be used as monomers (a4) for the same purpose.
- Commercially available compounds are, for example, the isocyanurate or the biuret of hexamethylene diisocyanate.
- Monomers (a5) which may be used are mono-isocyanates, mono-alcohols and mono-primary and secondary amines. In general, their proportion is at most 10 mol%, based on the total molar amount of the monomers. These monofunctional compounds usually carry further functional groups such as olefinic groups or carbonyl groups and are used to introduce functional groups into the polyurethane which enable the polyurethane to be dispersed or crosslinked or further polymer-analogously converted. Monomers such as isopropenyl- ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylbenzyl isocyanate (TMI) and esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid such as hydroxyethyl acrylate or hydroxyethyl methacrylate are suitable for this.
- TMI isopropenyl- ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylbenzyl isocyanate
- esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid such as hydroxyethyl acrylate or hydroxyethyl methacrylate are suitable for this
- the ratio A: B is very particularly preferably as close as possible to 1: 1.
- monomers with only one reactive group are generally used in amounts of up to 15 mol%, preferably up to 8 mol%, based on the total amount of components ( al), (a2), (a3) and (a4).
- the monomers (al) to (a4) used usually carry an average of 1.5 to 2.5, preferably 1.9 to 2.1, particularly preferably 2.0 isocyanate groups or functional groups which can react with isocyanates in an addition reaction .
- the polyaddition of components (a1) to (a4) is generally carried out by the known processes, the “acetone process” or the prepolymer mixing process ”, which are known, for example, from DE-A-4418157, preferably being used.
- the procedure is generally such that a prepolymer or the polyurethane (a) is first prepared in an inert organic solvent and then the prepolymer or the polyurethane (a) is dispersed in water.
- the conversion to the polyurethane (a) takes place by reaction with the water or by means of a subsequently added amine (component a4).
- the solvent is completely or partially removed by distillation after the dispersion.
- the dispersions generally have a solids content of 10 to 75, preferably 20 to 65% by weight and a viscosity of 10 to 500 mPas (measured at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a shear rate of 250 s -1 ).
- Hydrophobic auxiliaries that can be difficult to distribute homogeneously in the finished dispersion such as phenol condensation resins made from aldehydes and phenol or phenol Derivatives or epoxy resins and other polymers mentioned, for example, in DE-A 39 03 538, 43 09 079 and 40 24 567, which, for example, serve as adhesion improvers in polyurethane dispersions, can be used in polyurethane according to the methods described in the two abovementioned documents or added to the prepolymer before the dispersion.
- Aqueous dispersions (b) which contain the copolymers (b) are generally known.
- Monomers (b3) are polyunsaturated carboxylic acids and / or their amides and / or their anhydrides. Examples include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, (meth) acrylamide and CT . - To C-_ 2 alkyl esters of (meth) acrylic acid.
- the polymeric b) can be prepared in the customary manner by solution or emulsion polymerization using customary free-radical polymerization initiators.
- Suitable radical polymerization initiators are all those which are capable of triggering a radical aqueous emulsion polymerization.
- Peroxides e.g. Alkali metal peroxodisulfates, dibenzene peroxide, ⁇ -butyl perpivalate, t-butylper-2-ethylhexanoate, 2,5-dirnethyl-2, 5-di (t-butylperoxy) hexane, cumene hydroperoxide, as well as azo compounds such as azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2 ' -Azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride.
- the manner in which the free-radical initiator system is added to the polymerization vessel in the course of the free-radical aqueous emulsion polymerization according to the invention is known to the person skilled in the art. It can either be completely introduced into the polymerization vessel or used continuously or in stages in the course of the free radical aqueous emulsion polymerization, depending on its consumption. In detail, this depends in a manner known per se to the person skilled in the art both on the chemical nature of the initiator system and on the polymerization temperature. A portion is preferably introduced and the remainder is fed to the polymerization zone in accordance with the consumption.
- ionic and / or nonionic emulsifiers and / or protective colloids or stabilizers can usually be used.
- the protective colloids and emulsifiers customarily used as dispersants come into consideration as such surface-active substances.
- suitable protective colloids can be found in Houben-Weyl, Methods of Organic Chemistry, Volume XIV / 1, Macromolecular Substances, Georg-Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart, 1961, pp. 411 to 420.
- copolymers (b) are used which, in the presence of a molecular weight-regulating substance, for example tert. -Dodecyl mercaptan, carbon tetrachloride, trichlorobromomethane, butyl mercaptan, allyl alcohol, poly-THF-bis-thiol, mercaptoethanol, acetylacetone, thiol glycolic acid or thioglycolic acid ester were prepared. Such substances are preferably added to the reaction mixture in a mixture with the monomers to be polymerized.
- a molecular weight-regulating substance for example tert. -Dodecyl mercaptan, carbon tetrachloride, trichlorobromomethane, butyl mercaptan, allyl alcohol, poly-THF-bis-thiol, mercaptoethanol, acetylacetone, thiol glycolic acid or thioglycolic acid ester were
- emulsifiers can be found in Houben-Weyl, Methods of Organic Chemistry, Volume XIV / 1, Macromolecular Substances, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1961, pp. 192 to 208.
- the dispersions can also be prepared using a protective colloid in addition to the emulsifier present or without an emulsifier, the amount of the protective colloid being up to 100% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 30% by weight can amount to the amount of monomers used.
- this protective colloid can be added completely or in part, at the same time or with a time delay, together or separately with the monomers; it may be advantageous to present up to 30% by weight, preferably up to 10% by weight, based on monomers, of protective colloid in aqueous solution.
- part of the protective colloid is grafted onto the polymer.
- the emulsion polymerization is usually carried out at 30 to 95, preferably 75 to 90 ° C.
- the polymerization medium can consist only of water as well as mixtures of water and therefore miscible liquids such as methanol. Preferably only water is used.
- the emulsion polymerization can be carried out either as a batch process or in the form of a feed process, including a step or gradient procedure.
- the aqueous dispersions (b) are generally prepared with a total solids content of from 15 to 65% by weight, preferably from 40 to 60% by weight.
- the aqueous dispersion according to the invention contains, for example, higher alkyl sulfates, alkylbenzenesulfonates, dialkylsulfosuccinates, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ethers, polyoxyethylene acyl esters or fatty acid salts in the form of their alkali metal or ammonium salts as emulsifiers.
- a mixture of alkali n-octadecyl sulfonate and alkali (Cg to C 4 alkyl) sulfosuccinate is preferably used as the emulsifier, the mixing ratio being 0.5: 1 to 1: 1.
- Suitable aminoplast or phenolic resins are the generally known commercial products (cf. Ullmanns Encyklopadie der technical chemistry, volume 7, 4th edition, 1974, pages 403 to 422 and Ullmann's encyclopedia of industrial chemistry, volume A19, 5th edition, 1991 , Pages 371 to 384.
- the melamine-formaldehyde resins are preferred, it being possible for up to 20 mol% of the melamine to be replaced by equivalent amounts of urea.
- Preferred is methylolated melamine, e.g. Bi-, tri-, and / or tetramethylolmelamine.
- the melamine-formaldehyde resins are usually used in powder form or in the form of their concentrated aqueous solutions, the solids content of which is 40 to 70% by weight.
- Suitable flame retardants are, for example
- Antimony trioxide Sb 2 0 3 antimony pentoxide Sb 2 0 3 , aluminum oxide hydrate
- phosphonic acid esters especially 5-ethyl-2-methyl-1, 3, 2-dioxaphosphorinan-5-yDmethylphosphonat-P-oxide and bis (5-ethyl-2-methyl-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan -5-yDmethyl methylphosphonate P, P 'dioxide.
- kaolines which contain the aqueous dispersions
- customary commercially available types are suitable.
- the average particle diameter is preferably 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m.
- aqueous dispersions according to the invention are expediently adjusted to a viscosity of 500 to 3000 mPas (23 ° C., shear rate 20 rpm), if appropriate with the aid of thickeners.
- Suitable thickeners are conventional thickeners such as polyacrylic acids, polyvinylpyrrolidones or cellulose derivatives such as methyl cellulose.
- the pH of the aqueous dispersions according to the invention is usually 3 to 10, preferably 8 to 10 and their solids content is generally 20 to 70, preferably 30 to 60.
- the aqueous dispersion according to the invention is suitable as a coating agent for coating woven, knitted or nonwoven-like textile carrier materials for their waterproof, vapor-permeable and flame-retardant finish.
- Carrier materials made of synthetic fibers are preferably used. Examples of this are polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester and glass fibers.
- Raw nonwovens, in particular spunbonded nonwovens, made from the synthetic fibers mentioned and having a weight per unit area of 50 to 300 g / m 2 are particularly preferred.
- the aqueous dispersions according to the invention are applied to the textile carrier materials by customary processes, e.g. by licking or painting and then drying the coated carrier material.
- the procedure is preferably as follows:
- the coating agent is applied to the carrier material in the form of foam, since the vapor permeability is thereby considerably improved.
- the coating agent is mechanically foamed after adding the foam stabilizer and, if appropriate, thickener and other additives. This can be done in a foam mixer with high shear forces.
- Another option is to go through in a foam generator Foam blowing in compressed air. Foaming is preferably carried out by means of a foam generator.
- the foamed coating composition is then applied to the carrier material using customary coating devices, for example a doctor blade or other foam application device.
- the application can be made on one or both sides; it is preferably carried out on both sides.
- the application amount per side is from 20 to 150 g / m 2 , in particular 50 to 90 g / m 2 . With amounts below 20 g / m 2 , good vapor permeability is obtained at low costs, but insufficient flame protection and poor water tightness. At quantities above 150 g / m 2 , crack formation occurs during drying.
- the foam is dried with a low air flow in the drying tunnel, for example by infrared heating, with a temperature gradient of 60 to 180 ° C., preferably 60 to 130 ° C.
- the foam is applied on both sides in a layer thickness of 0.3 to 1.0 mm.
- the foam is particularly preferably applied in different layer thicknesses to the two sides of the carrier material.
- the foam is applied to the underside of the carrier material in a thin layer with a maximum thickness of 0.4 mm, preferably with an air knife, in such a way that it is as deep as possible in the cavities of the fleece between the fibers penetrates.
- the foam is applied to improve the watertightness, preferably with a roller doctor, in particular in a layer with a layer thickness of 0.3 to 1.0 mm.
- the foam layer in order to improve the abrasion resistance, the flame-retardant effect and the water resistance, the foam layer can be compressed after drying and partially pressed into the fleece.
- the compression can take place, for example, by hot calendering in a temperature range from 100 to 180 ° C. and at a line pressure of 20 to 3000 N / cm, it being advantageous to hot calender between two smooth rollers, one made of steel and one made of a softer one Material, for example polyamide or rubber.
- only the foam layer on the top of the textile carrier material is compressed.
- a further coating preferably to improve the water resistance and the abrasion resistance in an amount of 5 to 30 g / m 2 , with unfoamed copolymer dispersion.
- the preferred foam coating for example of polypropylene nonwovens, materials with very high water tightness (DIN 53886:> 300 mm water column), with very high water vapor permeability (DIN 53122/1:> 350 g / m 2 / d) and an excellent flame retardation which corresponds to the classification according to DIN 4102 B2.
- the textile carrier materials coated with the coating agent according to the invention are suitable for use in building protection as roofing membranes or sealing membranes, for example under roof tiles or facade walls made of wood. They are also suitable for use as protective tarpaulins for devices and materials and for use in the geotextile sector.
- aqueous dispersion (FG: 53%) of a copolymer based on styrene and butadiene with a styrene content of 53% by weight were initially introduced and 371 g of the aqueous polyurethane ester dispersion a (i) (FG: 40%) were added with stirring ⁇ ben. 145 g of water and 4 g of ammonia (25% strength) were then added. Under further stirring 56 g Ammonstearat were then 35% (Fa. Baerlocher) and 7.5 g of disodium trium N-octadecylsulfosuccinamate (Aerosol ® 18, Fa.
- the coating agent according to Example 1 was coated with a
- Stork mixer mechanically foamed (foam density 250 g / 1) and onto an approx. 100 g / m 2 heavy polyester spunbond a splitting knife (Monforts) applied on one side to the fleece surface (foam height: 1 mm).
- the coated fleece was then dried in a 6 m long heating channel in 5 stages at 90 ° C., 90 ° C., 100 ° C., 110 ° C. and 120 ° C.
- the foam layer was then compressed with a calender at room temperature, with a line pressure of 1000 N / cm and a web speed of 15 m / min.
- the coated fleece produced according to Example 1 was tested for its waterproofness, water vapor permeability and flame retardancy. The test results are shown in Table 1.
- the quantity applied refers to the solids content of the coating agent
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL97328700A PL328700A1 (en) | 1996-03-09 | 1997-03-04 | Aqueous dispersions suitable for use in production of coated textiles |
EP97905153A EP0885262A1 (de) | 1996-03-09 | 1997-03-04 | Für die herstellung von beschichteten textilien geeignete wässerige dispersionen |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19609311.2 | 1996-03-09 | ||
DE19609311A DE19609311A1 (de) | 1996-03-09 | 1996-03-09 | Für die Herstellung von beschichteten Textilien geeignete wässerige Dispersionen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997032930A1 true WO1997032930A1 (de) | 1997-09-12 |
Family
ID=7787815
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1997/001084 WO1997032930A1 (de) | 1996-03-09 | 1997-03-04 | Für die herstellung von beschichteten textilien geeignete wässerige dispersionen |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0885262A1 (de) |
CZ (1) | CZ280798A3 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19609311A1 (de) |
PL (1) | PL328700A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1997032930A1 (de) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100352465B1 (ko) * | 2000-05-30 | 2002-09-11 | 주식회사 코켐 | 수분산폴리우레탄을 이용한 건식용 인조피혁의 제조에사용되는 수분산폴리우레탄 함침액 및 그 제조방법 |
DE102004016773B3 (de) * | 2004-04-01 | 2005-11-17 | Sattler Ag | Beschichtungsmittel für Sonnenschutzartikel |
CN100358954C (zh) * | 2005-12-02 | 2008-01-02 | 袁雪祥 | 钢结构防火涂料专用罩光涂料及其制造方法 |
US9487672B2 (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2016-11-08 | Valspar Sourcing, Inc. | Polyurethane coating composition |
US10563010B2 (en) | 2009-04-09 | 2020-02-18 | The Sherwin-Williams Company | Polymer having unsaturated cycloaliphatic functionality and coating compositions therefrom |
CN113195577A (zh) * | 2018-12-18 | 2021-07-30 | 科思创知识产权两合公司 | 水性底漆涂料 |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT412783B (de) | 2003-09-24 | 2005-07-25 | Surface Specialties Austria | Wässrige einbrennlacke |
DE102005003295A1 (de) * | 2005-01-24 | 2006-07-27 | Henkel Kgaa | Abdichtfolie für den Bautenschutz |
FR2939156B1 (fr) * | 2008-11-28 | 2011-02-25 | Porcher Ind | Textile souple pour la realisation de zones coupe-feu |
DE202013100186U1 (de) | 2013-01-14 | 2014-04-15 | Holzbau Schmid Gmbh & Co. Kg | Holzfurnier und damit furnierte Baustoffplatte |
DE102014116960A1 (de) * | 2014-11-19 | 2016-05-19 | Synthopol Chemie Dr. Rer. Pol. Koch Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer wässrigen Polymer/Melamin-Dispersion |
EP3289135B1 (de) | 2015-04-27 | 2020-08-26 | DuPont Safety & Construction, Inc. | Wasserdichte membran |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2814173A1 (de) * | 1978-04-01 | 1979-10-11 | Bayer Ag | Beschichtungsmassen |
EP0238991A2 (de) * | 1986-03-26 | 1987-09-30 | Bayer Ag | Lösungsmittelhaltige, PU-Dispersionen enthaltende Beschichtungsmassen und deren Verwendung zur Herstellung von wasserdampfdurchlässigen Polyurethan-Beschichtungen |
EP0276482A2 (de) * | 1987-01-10 | 1988-08-03 | Bayer Ag | Mischungen aus wässrigen Polymerdispersionen und deren Verwendung als Beschichtungsmasse |
WO1994006852A1 (de) * | 1992-09-16 | 1994-03-31 | Sandoz Ltd. | Spritzbeständiger wässriger schaum, dessen herstellung und verwendung |
-
1996
- 1996-03-09 DE DE19609311A patent/DE19609311A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-03-04 CZ CZ982807A patent/CZ280798A3/cs unknown
- 1997-03-04 PL PL97328700A patent/PL328700A1/xx unknown
- 1997-03-04 WO PCT/EP1997/001084 patent/WO1997032930A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-03-04 EP EP97905153A patent/EP0885262A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2814173A1 (de) * | 1978-04-01 | 1979-10-11 | Bayer Ag | Beschichtungsmassen |
EP0238991A2 (de) * | 1986-03-26 | 1987-09-30 | Bayer Ag | Lösungsmittelhaltige, PU-Dispersionen enthaltende Beschichtungsmassen und deren Verwendung zur Herstellung von wasserdampfdurchlässigen Polyurethan-Beschichtungen |
EP0276482A2 (de) * | 1987-01-10 | 1988-08-03 | Bayer Ag | Mischungen aus wässrigen Polymerdispersionen und deren Verwendung als Beschichtungsmasse |
WO1994006852A1 (de) * | 1992-09-16 | 1994-03-31 | Sandoz Ltd. | Spritzbeständiger wässriger schaum, dessen herstellung und verwendung |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100352465B1 (ko) * | 2000-05-30 | 2002-09-11 | 주식회사 코켐 | 수분산폴리우레탄을 이용한 건식용 인조피혁의 제조에사용되는 수분산폴리우레탄 함침액 및 그 제조방법 |
DE102004016773B3 (de) * | 2004-04-01 | 2005-11-17 | Sattler Ag | Beschichtungsmittel für Sonnenschutzartikel |
US7758765B2 (en) | 2004-04-01 | 2010-07-20 | Sattler Ag | Coating agent for sun protection articles |
CN100358954C (zh) * | 2005-12-02 | 2008-01-02 | 袁雪祥 | 钢结构防火涂料专用罩光涂料及其制造方法 |
US10563010B2 (en) | 2009-04-09 | 2020-02-18 | The Sherwin-Williams Company | Polymer having unsaturated cycloaliphatic functionality and coating compositions therefrom |
US9487672B2 (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2016-11-08 | Valspar Sourcing, Inc. | Polyurethane coating composition |
CN113195577A (zh) * | 2018-12-18 | 2021-07-30 | 科思创知识产权两合公司 | 水性底漆涂料 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL328700A1 (en) | 1999-02-15 |
CZ280798A3 (cs) | 1999-03-17 |
DE19609311A1 (de) | 1997-09-11 |
EP0885262A1 (de) | 1998-12-23 |
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