WO1997032164A1

WO1997032164A1 - Heating apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO1997032164A1
Application number: PCT/BE1997/000018
Authority: WO
Inventors: Raymond Champion
Original assignee: Thermic Investments
Priority date: 1996-02-28
Filing date: 1997-02-24
Publication date: 1997-09-04
Also published as: IL125870A0; ATE197345T1; DE69703432T2; CA2248174A1; BE1010021A3; CA2248174C; DE69703432D1; EP0883782A1; IL125870A; EP0883782B1

Abstract

A heating apparatus (1) including a rear wall with an opening (6) provided with an edge (41) spaced apart from the edge (40, 40', 40') of the rear wall (2), and having a standard size predetermined according to the power of the heating apparatus but not according to the apparatus type or the fuel used therein, as well as an intermediate member (7) having a standard shape selected according to the fuel used, and being fitted in said standard opening (6) for sealing same, said member having a through-hole (8) enabling communication between the inside of the heating body and the flue gas outlet, optionally via flue gas discharge means.

Description

"Heater" The present invention relates to a heater, comprising a heating body formed by an assembly of several walls among which a rear wall, delimited by an edge, closes the heating body to the rear, an outlet for the burnt gases, and possibly a passage, which is provided in the rear wall and in which an air inlet is arranged. By this type of heating appliance, one can understand various appliances, such as gas appliances, in particular of the chimney type or of the suction cup type, liquid fuel appliances, in particular of evaporation under pressure or gasification under atmospheric pressure. , wood appliances and solid fuel appliances. This list is obviously not exhaustive. These devices generally have a rear or back wall, which can be made of cast iron, steel, refractory earth or a similar material, and which is attached to the rest of the heating body by means known per se. Any healthy heating appliance also requires an intake of combustion air and an outlet for the burnt gases.

Stoves are also known which, by a change in the internal equipment, are suitable for burning several types of fuel (see for example US-A-4258692 and FR-A-553427).

Finally, a coal-fired heater is known, the rear wall of which is formed by three sections, the central section being removable and allowing easy access to the discharge flues, and therefore their cleaning (see for example FR-A-709454).

All these heaters are also subject to variations in their form and external presentation to meet fashion criteria and user requests. Indeed, as many of these devices are intended to be found in living rooms, aesthetic criteria come into play during their construction and these criteria are changing.

There is therefore a need to satisfy these requests. But this has the effect of causing a modification not only of the visible part of the heating bodies, but also simultaneously of the parts of these generally invisible devices, such as the rear wall. However, the rear wall is equipped with important technical elements such as the evacuation of burnt gases, and sometimes a secondary air inlet or a heat recovery unit.

It should also be taken into account that the rear wall and the "technical" equipment with which it is provided differ for all types of heating apparatus, a non-exhaustive list of which has been given above. It clearly shows a very big problem of storing different parts (rear walls + equipment to be fitted on this back), the cost of which is not negligible.

The present invention aims to solve these problems, and in particular to facilitate storage and reduce the cost of the "technical" part of heating appliances.

For this, provision has been made, according to the invention, for a heating apparatus as described at the start, which further comprises - An opening in the rear wall, opening which is provided with a peripheral edge situated at a distance from the edge of the rear wall and which has standard dimensions, predetermined for a given power of the heating appliance, but without regard the model of the fuel or the fuel it uses, and

- an intermediate piece, of standard shape depending on the fuel used, which is adapted in the aforementioned standard opening, so as to close it in leaktight manner, and which has a passage orifice allowing communication between the interior of the body of heating and said outlet for the burnt gases, possibly by means of evacuation of the burnt gases. It is thus possible, whatever the model of domestic stove envisaged, to provide in the rear wall a standard opening which is suitable for all types of heating apparatus of a given power. An intermediate piece, appropriately supporting the equipment allowing for example the evacuation of the burnt gases, various thermal exchanges or a regulation of the draft, is then adapted in the standard opening, part whose shape will correspond to the heating appliance. ¬ to assemble, whether it is of the wood or rather charcoal type or another. Only the shape of this intermediate piece, of reduced size, will vary in order to receive said equipment.

This embodiment is valid regardless of the external covering provided for the heating devices according to the invention: enameled or lacquered sheet metal, plastic walls, possibly composites, enameled or lacquered cast iron, earthenware, etc. The fact whether the heaters are built-in or not, in a column or in any shape, with or without a high, medium or low oven, no longer plays a role. In summary, when the fashion evolves, the fabri¬ cant has to modify only the external carcass of the stove by always providing in the rear wall the same opening for the stoves of the same power. Then, as a function of the destination given to a stove, that is to say as a function of the fuel which it will have to burn, an intermediate piece and the corresponding equipment are adapted in the above-mentioned opening. For example, in its factory, the manufacturer can thus provide for all its fuel oil stoves with a given power, present and future, an intermediate piece equipped in particular with a heat recovery unit which will always be the same, even if the fashion evolves. This obviously results in a quite remarkable ease of storage and a lowering of the manufacturing costs of the technically useful parts of the stoves, since they can be manufactured in any large series.

Other embodiments according to the invention are indicated in claims 2 to 11 below.

The present invention also covers an intermediate piece to be adapted in the opening of the rear wall of a heating device according to the invention. Other details and particularities of the invention will emerge from the description given below, without implied limitation and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 shows an axonometric view, partially broken, of the rear of an oil stove according to one invention.

Figure 2 shows, schematically, a sectional view of a coal stove according to 1 • invention. FIG. 3 represents, schematically, a sectional view of a wood stove according to the invention.

FIG. 4 schematically represents a sectional view of a gasification liquid fuel stove.

Figure 5 shows, schematically, a sectional view of a gas stove ventou¬ type. In the various drawings, identical or analogous elements are designated by the same references.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the heating appliance shown is an oil stove 1, the heating body of which has several walls. Only a fragment of the rear wall 2 is shown. This rear wall 2 has a limit edge 40, 40 ′, 40 ", and, during assembly with the other walls of the heating body, it is intended to close the heating body on the rear side. this is, in a known manner, divided into two by means of a bottom plate 3. This supports, downwards, a known liquid fuel gasification pot, not shown, and in which opens a combustion air inlet, which passes through a passage 4 provided at the bottom of the rear wall 2.

After combustion, the smoke gases escape into the upper part 5 of the heating body.

As is apparent from the example illustrated in FIG. 1, the rear wall 2 is in its upper part also provided with an opening 6, the peripheral edge 41 of which is located on all sides at a distance from the limit edge 40, 40 ', 40 "from the rear wall. This opening has standard dimensions for all stoves of the same power. In this opening is suitable a room tab 7 which closes it. The intermediate piece 7 has a passage orifice 8 for the burnt gases, an orifice which allows communication between the interior of the heating body and means for evacuating the burnt gases.

In the present example, the intermediate piece has a shape suitable for use in an oil stove and it supports a housing 9 which has an inlet opening 10 for the burnt gases, which is fitted in the passage orifice 8 of the intercalated part 7, and an outlet opening 11 to which is connected here a nozzle 12, which, in turn, can even be attached to a chimney flue for example. It is obvious that such a stove can also be provided without this box 9 and, in this case, the nozzle 12 is connected directly to the passage orifice 8.

In the lower part of the housing 9, one can observe in FIG. 1 an additional opening 13, which places the interior of the housing 9 in communication with the external environment. In this opening

13, it is possible to arrange a valve, optionally adjustable, which is not shown and which serves as a draft regulator or draft cut-off and which, depending on the circumstances, allows air to enter the housing 9. As well as 'can be seen in Figure 1, the housing 9 is supported by the insert 7 so as to leave free a slight gap between these two elements. Advantageously, the external face of the intermediate piece 7 is provided with fins promoting heat exchange. The intermediate piece 7 thus supports a heat recuperator where the air entering

14 is evacuated in 15 after having undergone a heat exchange only by convection.

In FIGS. 2 to 6, various stoves are shown, all of which have an identical structure, and in particular an identical rear wall. In this identical rear wall is provided the standard opening mentioned above. Here only the intermediate wall arranged in the standard hole of the rear wall 2 differs according to the exhaust gas exhaust equipment or the heat recovery systems which must be supported at the rear of the stove.

In Figure 2, we can see a charcoal stove which, apart from the rear wall, is quite common. On the rear wall 2 is provided a standard opening 6 according to the invention, which is closed by the intermediate piece 7. This is pierced with a passage orifice 8 for the burnt gases. The insert 7 supports a cleaning flue 20 which leads to the chimney flue. If, in the example illustrated, an air inlet is provided at the bottom of the rear wall, it is obvious to any skilled person that this air inlet is optional and can be suppri¬ mated in the case of stoves very simple. In Figure 3 is shown a wood stove. On the rear wall 2 is provided the standard opening 6 according to the invention, which is closed by an intermediate piece 7 slightly inclined towards the interior of the stove. The intermediate piece is pierced with a passage orifice 8 for the burnt gases in which a heat recuperator 21 can be arranged. At the end of this is provided a nozzle 12 which communicates with a possible chimney flue.

Here the intermediate piece 7 supports, on the interior side of the heating appliance, a secondary air duct 22. This connects a common adjustable air inlet 23, located below the combustion chamber, and the upper part of it.

In Figure 4, there is shown a gasification liquid fuel stove. On the wall rear 2 is also provided here the standard opening 6 according to the invention, which is closed by an intermediate piece 7 in which is provided a passage orifice 8 for the burnt gases. An intermediate piece 24 guides these burnt gases to a nozzle 12. In the present example the stove can have a draft regulator 25, for example in the form of a valve arranged in a lower opening 26 provided in the intermediate piece 7. On may optionally provide that this secondary air inlet is connected to the outside of the stove to the outside air intake 27, via a communication duct 28.

FIG. 5 shows a gas stove of the suction cup type. On the rear wall 2 is provided the standard opening 6 according to the invention which is closed by an intermediate piece 7 in which is provided a passage orifice 8 for the burnt gases. A housing 29 is supported by the intermediate piece. This comprises an inlet opening 30 for the burnt gases and an outlet opening 31 which is, for example, arranged outside the house in which the stove is installed.

This box 29, called a smoke box, supports an air box 33 comprising an air intake 34 and a preheated air outlet 35. This air box envelops the box 29 and performs a heat exchange between the outgoing burnt gases and the incoming air, coming from the air intake 34.

On reading the above, it will be readily understood that, when the stove models are changed, only the outer casing must be modified, provided that the standard opening is kept. In it an intermediate piece and technical equipment identical to those of the previous model can be adapted. It should be understood that the present invention is in no way limited to the embodiments given above and that many modifications can be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention indicated in the claims below.

Claims

1. Heater (1), comprising

a heating body formed by an assembly of several walls, including a rear wall (3), delimited by an edge (40, 40 ′, 40 ") which closes the heating body at the rear,

- an outlet for burnt gases, and

- optionally a passage, which is provided in the rear wall (2) and in which is arranged an air intake, characterized in that it further comprises

- an opening (6) in the rear wall, opening which is provided with a peripheral edge (41) located at a distance from the edge (40, 40 ', 40 ") of the rear wall (2) and which has standard dimensions , predetermined for a given power of the heater, but without regard to the model thereof or to the fuel it uses, and

- an intermediate piece (7), of standard shape depending on the fuel used, which is adapted in the abovementioned standard opening (6), so as to close it in leaktight manner, and which has a passage orifice (8 ) allowing communication between the interior of the heating body and said outlet for the burnt gases, possibly by means of evacuation of the burnt gases (9, 20, 21, 24, 25, 29).

2. Heating device according to revendica¬ tion 1, characterized in that the evacuation means (9, 20, 21, 24, 25, 29) of the burnt gases are carried by the intermediate piece.

3. Heating appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet of the burnt gases consists of a discharge nozzle (12; 31) supported directly by the intermediate piece (7), on said 32164 PC17BE97 / 00018

- 11 - passage opening (8), and possibly connected to a chimney flue.

4. Heating appliance according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises, as means for evacuating the burnt gases, a draft regulator (25) supported by the intercalated piece ( 7).

5. A heater according to revendica¬ tion 4, characterized in that the intermediate piece (7) has an additional orifice (26) which connects an upper part of the heating body and an air inlet (27, 28 ) and in which said draft regulator (25) is arranged.

6. Heating appliance according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises, as means for discharging the burnt gases, a housing (9, 29) supported by the intermediate piece (7) and in that that this housing (9, 29) has an inlet opening (10, 30) for the burnt gases, which is fitted in said passage orifice (8) of the intermediate piece (7), and an outlet opening (11 , 31) for the outlet of the burnt gases.

7. Heating appliance according to claim 6, characterized in that the housing (9) has an additional opening (13), which communicates the interior of the housing (9) and the external environment and in which a draft regulator is arranged.

8. Heating device according to one of claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the housing (9, 29) is a heat recovery unit.

9. A heater according to revendica¬ tion 6, characterized in that the housing (9, 29) is a smoke box.

10. Heating appliance according to claim 9, characterized in that said housing (29) sup- carries an air box (33) comprising a cold air intake (34) and a preheated air outlet (35), which is in communication with an inlet of combustion air from the heating body, and enveloping the housing ( 29) so as to carry out a heat exchange between the burnt gases passing through the housing and the air passing through the air box.

11. Heating appliance according to one of claims l to 3, characterized in that it comprises a secondary air duct (22) supported by the intermediate piece (7) inside the heating body, and putting in communication an air inlet (23) and an upper part of the heating body.

12. Heating appliance according to either of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it is chosen from the group comprising gas apparatus, in particular of the chimney type or of the suction cup type, apparatuses with liquid fuel, in particular with evaporation under pressure or gasification under atmospheric pressure, wood-burning appliances and appliances with solid fuel.

13. A heater according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the intermediate piece (7) has on an outwardly facing face of the fins promoting heat exchange.

14. Intermediate piece (7) to be adapted in the above-mentioned opening (6) of the rear wall of a heating device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13.