WO1996039407A1 - Composes de type quinolizinone - Google Patents

Composes de type quinolizinone Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996039407A1
WO1996039407A1 PCT/US1996/008991 US9608991W WO9639407A1 WO 1996039407 A1 WO1996039407 A1 WO 1996039407A1 US 9608991 W US9608991 W US 9608991W WO 9639407 A1 WO9639407 A1 WO 9639407A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fluoro
methyl
oxo
carboxylic acid
cyclopropyl
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PCT/US1996/008991
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English (en)
Inventor
Daniel T. Chu
Qun Li
Curt S. Cooper
Anthony K. L. Fung
Cheuk M. Lee
Jacob J. Plattner
Zhenkun Ma
Wei-Bo Wang
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Abbott Laboratories
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Application filed by Abbott Laboratories filed Critical Abbott Laboratories
Priority to EP96919103A priority Critical patent/EP0871628A1/fr
Priority to IL12229696A priority patent/IL122296A0/xx
Priority to AU61530/96A priority patent/AU6153096A/en
Publication of WO1996039407A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996039407A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/61—Halogen atoms or nitro radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/62—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
    • C07D213/63—One oxygen atom
    • C07D213/68—One oxygen atom attached in position 4
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D455/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinolizine ring systems, e.g. emetine alkaloids, protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine
    • C07D455/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinolizine ring systems, e.g. emetine alkaloids, protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine containing not further condensed quinolizine ring systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K5/04—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
    • C07K5/06—Dipeptides
    • C07K5/06008—Dipeptides with the first amino acid being neutral
    • C07K5/06017—Dipeptides with the first amino acid being neutral and aliphatic
    • C07K5/06026—Dipeptides with the first amino acid being neutral and aliphatic the side chain containing 0 or 1 carbon atom, i.e. Gly or Ala
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to compounds having antimicrobial activity, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, methods of treatment utilizing such compounds, and processes for their chemical synthesis. More particularly, this invention relates to novel 4-oxo-4H-quinolizine-3-carboxylic acid compounds which are highly effective in the treatment of microbial and especially bacterial infections, as well as compositions containing the same and the therapeutic use of such compounds.
  • R 1 in formula (I) is selected from (a) loweralkyl, (b) loweralkenyl, (c) halo(lower-alkyl), (d) loweralkoxy, (e) cycloalkyl of from three to eight carbon atoms, (f) phenyl,
  • R 7 and R 8 are independently selected from hydrogen, loweralkyl and alkanoyl of from one to eight carbon atoms or, taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, R 7 and R 8 may form a 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycle, preferably in which the remainder of the ring atoms are carbon atoms.
  • R 2 in formula (I) is selected from (a) halogen, (b) loweralkyl, (c) loweralkenyl, (d) cycloalkyl of from three to eight carbons, (e) cycloalkenyl of from four to eight carbons, (f) loweralkoxy, (g) aryloxy, (h) aryl(loweralkyl)oxy, (i) aryl(loweralkyl), (j)
  • x is zero, one, two or three
  • R 9 is either (i) -(CH 2 ) m - where m is one, two or three, or (ii) -(CH 2 ) n R 11 (CH 2 ) p - where R 13 is selected from -S-, -O- and -NH-, R 10 is CH 2 , or when R 9 is selected from option (i) may be O, S or N, n is one or two, and p is one or two.
  • the radical(s) Y is/are independently selected at each occurrence from the following:
  • R 11 and R 12 are independently selected from hydrogen and loweralkyl or, when one of R 11 and R 12 is hydrogen, the other is alkanoyl of from one to eight carbon atoms, an alpha-amino acid, or a polypeptide residue of from two to five amino acids, and
  • R 21 and R 22 are independently selected from among hydrogen, loweralkyl, hydroxy-substituted loweralkyl, amino(loweralkyl), loweralkoxy-(loweralkyl), thioloweralkoxy(loweralkyl), cycloalkyl of from three to six carbon atoms, and loweralkyl substituted with nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycle (or, taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, R 21 and R 22 form a ring structure selected from cycloalkyl of from three to six carbon atoms and nitrogen- containing heterocycle).
  • x is zero, one, two or three
  • R 31 is -(CH 2 ) q R 32 - where R 32 is selected from -S- and -O-, q is one, two or three, and the radical(s) Y is/are as defined above.
  • R 3 in formula (I) is selected from among hydrogen, halogen and loweralkoxy, while R 4 is selected from hydrogen, loweralkyl, a pharmaceutically acceptable cation, and a prodrug ester group.
  • R 5 in formula (I) is selected from (a) hydrogen, (b) halogen, (c) hydroxy, (d) loweralkyl, (e) halo(loweralkyl), (f) loweralkoxy, and (g) -NR 13 R 14 where R 13 and R 14 are independently selected from among hydrogen, loweralkyl, hydroxy-substituted loweralkyl, loweralkoxy-(loweralkyl), and alkanoyl of from one to eight carbon atoms.
  • R 1 and R 6 may form a 6-membered saturated ring optionally containing an oxygen or a sulfur atom and optionally substituted with loweralkyl, so as to produce a tricyclic compound.
  • Susceptible organisms whose growth can be inhibited generally include both aerobic and anaerobic pathogens of the genera Staphylococcus, Lactobacillus, Micrococcus, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Sarcina, Escherichia, Enter obacter, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Acinobacter, Proteus, Providencia, Citrobacter, Nisseria, Bacillus, Bacteroides, Camphylobacter, Peptococcus, Clostridium, Salmonella, Shigella, Legionella, Serratia, Haemophilus, Brucella and the like. It is therefore expected that the compounds of the present invention will be useful in the treatment and prevention of susceptible bacterial infections in both humans and lower animals. In addition, the compounds, by reason of their in vitro activity,
  • compositions which are useful in the treatment and prophylaxis of bacterial and/or fungal infection in humans and animals, comprising a compound of the invention in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • a is CR 6 - and R 6 is selected from among halogen, loweralkyl, halo(loweralkyl), hydroxy- substituted loweralkyl, loweralkoxy(loweralkyl), loweralkoxy, or amino(loweralkyl).
  • R 6 is selected from among halogen, loweralkyl, halo(loweralkyl), hydroxy- substituted loweralkyl, loweralkoxy(loweralkyl), loweralkoxy, or amino(loweralkyl).
  • R 6 is methyl.
  • R 3 is halogen (especially fluoro);
  • R 5 is hydrogen, loweralkyl, halo-(loweralkyl), or -NR 13 R 14 (where R 13 and R 14 are as previously defined);
  • R 1 is cycloalkyl of from three to eight carbon atoms or substituted phenyl; and/or R 6 is halogen, loweralkyl, or loweralkoxy.
  • the radical R 2 in the above compounds is preferably bicyclic nitrogen-containing heterocycle or a nitrogen-containing heterocycle of the formula
  • R 2 is selected from among radicals of the formulae
  • R 2 is preferably one or two, and Y is preferably either -NR 11 R 12 or -C(R 21 )(R 22 )NH 2 , where R 1 1 , R 12 , R 21 and R 22 are as defined above.
  • R 2 is either bicyclic nitrogen-containing heterocycle or a nitrogen-containing heterocycle having the formula
  • x is one or two and Y is -NR 1 1 R 12 or -C(R 21 )(R 22 )NH 2 .
  • alkanoyl of from one to eight carbons refers to a radical of the formula -C(O)R 15 where R 15 is hydrogen or an alkyl radical of from one to eight carbon atoms including, but not limited to, acetyl and pivaloyl.
  • alkyl refers to saturated, straight- or branched-chain hydrocarbon radicals containing between one and ten carbon atoms including, but not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl and neopentyl.
  • amino acids refer, respectively, to a single amino acid and two to five amino acids each joined by amide (peptide) bonds.
  • the amino acids may be any of the naturally-occurring amino acids such as valine,
  • phenylalanine and glycine or synthetic alpha-amino acids such as cyclohexylalanine, and further may be in either the L or D configuration or a mixture of the two isomers.
  • amino acid substituents are optically active and have the L configuration.
  • amino(loweralkyl) refers to a loweralkyl radical having appended thereto at least one amino substituent which in turn is optionally substituted with one or two loweralkyl radicals or an alpha-amino acid or polypeptide residue.
  • amino(loweralkyl) groups include aminoethyl, aminomethyl and N,N-dimethylaminoethyl.
  • aminooxy refers to an amino group, optionally substituted once or twice with loweralkyl or halo(loweralkyl), which is appended to the rest of the molecule via an oxygen atom; (e.g. -O-NR'R" wherein R' and R" are hydrogen, loweralkyl or halo(loweralkyl).
  • aminothioloweralkoxy refers to a thioloweralkoxy radical having appended thereto an amino group, as for example aminothiomethoxy and
  • aromatic group refers to a C6-to-C10 cyclic radical which is aromatic according to Huckel's rule.
  • aromatic groups include carbocyclic aromatic radicals such as phenyl and naphthyl as well as nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic radicals, defined below.
  • aryl(loweralkyl) refers to a loweralkyl radical having appended thereto an aromatic hydrocarbon group, as for example benzyl and phenylethyl.
  • aryl(loweralkyl)amino refers to an amino radical having appended thereto an aryl(loweralkyl) group.
  • aryl(loweralkyl)amino groups include benzylamino and phenylethylamino.
  • aryl(loweralkyl)oxy refers to an aryl(loweralkyl) radical which is joined to the rest of the molecule via an ether linkage (i.e., through an oxygen atom).
  • aryl(loweralkyl)oxy radicals include benzyloxy and phenylethyloxy.
  • aryloxy refers to an aromatic hydrocarbon radical which is joined to the rest of the molecule via an ether linkage (i.e., through an oxygen atom), as for example phenoxy.
  • bicycloalkyl refers to a radical comprising a bridged, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon ring system having between five and nine carbon atoms in which two non-adjacent carbon atoms of a first ring are linked by an alkylene bridge of between one and three additional carbon atoms, the bicycloalkyl radical being optionally substituted with between one and three additional radicals selected from among aryl(loweralkyl), alkoxycarbonyl, loweralkyl, halo(loweralkyl), amino(loweralkyl), hydroxy-substituted loweralkyl, hydroxy, loweralkoxy, halogen, and amino, (loweralkyl)amino or alkanoylamino of from one to eight carbon atoms in which the amino group may be further substituted with alkanoyl of from one to eight carbons, an alpha-amino acid or a polypeptide.
  • bicycloalkyl radicals include, but are not limited to
  • bicyclic nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group refers to a radical comprising a bicyclic ring system in which the rings are of the (a) fused, (b) bridged or (c) spiro form.
  • Fused-ring bicyclic nitrogen-containing heterocyclic groups are those in which a first nitrogen-containing heterocycle or aromatic heterocycle has fused to it a second saturated or unsaturated carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring of between three and six atoms of which zero, one or two are heteratoms selected from S, O, and N.
  • Both the first and the second ring may be optionally substituted with between one and three additional radicals A2 independently selected from among loweralkyl, halo(loweralkyl), hydroxy- substituted loweralkyl, hydroxy, halogen, amino(loweralkyl), alkanoylamino of from one to eight carbons, phenyl and -NR 17 R 18 where R 17 and R 18 are independently hydrogen or loweralkyl or, when one is hydrogen, the other is an alpha-amino acid or a polypeptide residue.
  • fused-ring bicyclic nitrogen-containing heterocychc radicals are those having 5:3, 5:4, 5:5, 5:6 and 6:5 ring systems and include, but are not limited to, radicals of the formulae
  • Bridged-ring bicyclic nitrogen-containing heterocyclic groups are those selected the formulae
  • a 1 is a carbon atom or a heteroatom selected from S, O and N, optionally substituted at any position with between one and three additional radicals A 2 is as previously defined.
  • Spiro-ring bicyclic nitrogen-containing heterocyclic groups are those in which a first nitrogen-containing heterocycle or aromatic heterocycle to which is joined, by a single shared carbon atom, a second carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring of between three and six atoms of which zero, one or two are heteratoms selected from S, O, and N. Either the first or the second ring may be substituted with between one and three additional radicals A 2 , where A 2 is as previously defined.
  • spiro-ring bicyclic nitrogen-containing heterocyclic radicals include, but are not limited to, those having the formulae
  • cyclic ether refers to a 4- to 6-membered monocyclic hydrocarbon radical containing an oxygen ring atom and joined to the rest of the molecule via any of the carbon atoms including, but not limited to, oxetane.
  • cycloalkenyl of from four to eight carbons refers to a mono- unsaturated monocyclic hydrocarbon radical having from four to eight carbon atoms in the ring, including, but not limited to, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl and cycloheptenyl, and optionally substituted with between one and three additionals radicals selected from among aryl(loweralkyl), alkoxycarbonyl, loweralkyl, halo(loweralkyl), amino(loweralkyl), hydroxy-substituted loweralkyl, hydroxy, loweralkoxy, halogen, amino, loweralkylamino, and amino, (loweralkyl)amino or alkanoylamino of from one to eight carbon atoms in which the amino group may be further substituted with alkanoyl of from one to eight carbons, an alpha-amino acid or a polypeptide.
  • cycloalkyl of from three to eight carbons refers to a saturated monocychc hydrocarbon radical having from three to eight carbon atoms in the ring and optionally substituted with between one and three additional radicals selected from among aryl(loweralkyl), alkoxycarbonyl, loweralkyl, halo(loweralkyl), amino(loweralkyl), hydroxy-substituted loweralkyl, hydroxy, loweralkoxy, halogen, and amino,
  • cycloalkyl radicals include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, 1-fluoro-cyclopropyl, 2-fluorocyclopropyl and 2-aminocyclopropyl.
  • cycloalkyl(amino) refers to an amino group substituted with at least one cycloalkyl group, typically having from three to eight carbons.
  • cycloalkyl(loweralkyl) refers to a loweralkyl radical having appended thereto a cycloalkyl radical of from three to eight carbon atoms, which cycloalkyl radical may be optionally substituted as described above.
  • fused refers to two cyclic groups having two adjacent ring atoms in common.
  • halo and halogen refer to a monovalent radical selected from among chloro (Cl), bromo (Br), fluoro (F) and iodo (I).
  • halo(loweralkyl) refers to a loweralkyl radical having appended thereto between one and three halogen atoms.
  • halo(loweralkyl) radicals include fluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl and 1,2-difluoroethyl.
  • halo(loweralkyl)amino refers to an amino group substituted with at least one halo(loweralkyl) group.
  • halo(loweralkyl)amino(loweralkyl) refers to an amino(loweralkyl) radical having appended thereto a halo(loweralkyl) group, as for example
  • halo-substituted nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycle refers to a nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycle radical having appended thereto between one and three halogen atoms including, but not limited to, 5-fluoro-2-pyrimidyl.
  • hydroxy-substituted loweralkyl refers to a loweralkyl radical having appended thereto between one and three hydroxyl groups, as for example hydroxymethyl and 2-hydroxyethyl.
  • hydroxy-substituted (loweralkyl)amino refers to a (loweralkyl)amino radical having appended thereto between one and three hydroxyl groups, as for example hydroxymethylamino and 2-hydroxyethylamino.
  • loweralkenyl refers to a straight- or branched-chain hydrocarbon radical containing between two and six carbon atoms and possessing at least one carbon- carbon double bond.
  • loweralkenyl radicals include vinyl, allyl, 2- or 3- butenyl, 2-,3- or 4-pentenyl, 2-,3-,4- or 5-hexenyl and isomeric forms thereof.
  • loweralkoxy refers to a loweralkyl radical which is appended to the rest of the molecule via an ether linkage (i.e., through an oxygen atom), as for example methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, tert-butoxy, pentyloxy, hexyloxy, isomeric forms thereof and the like.
  • loweralkoxycarbonyl refers to a radical of the formula -C(O)R 25 wherein R 25 is a loweralkoxy group, as for example ethoxycarbonyl and
  • loweralkoxy(loweralkoxy)(loweralkyl) refers to a
  • loweralkoxy(loweralkyl) radical having appended thereto a loweralkoxy group, as for example methoxymethoxymethyl and ethoxymethoxymethyl
  • loweralkoxy(loweralkyl) refers to a loweralkyl radical having appended thereto a loweralkoxy group and optionally substituted with an additional amino radical, as for example methoxyethyl, ethoxymethyl and 1-amino-2-methoxyethyl.
  • loweralkyl refers to an alkyl radical containing one to six carbon atoms including, but not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl and neopentyl.
  • (loweralkyl)amino refers to an amino radical substituted with between one and three loweralkyl radicals including, but not limited to, methylamino, ethylamino, dimethylamino, propylamino and ethylmethylamino.
  • loweralkynyl refers to a straight- or branched-chain hydrocarbon radical containing between two and six carbon atoms and possessing at least one carbon- carbon triple bond.
  • loweralkynyl radicals include ethynyl, 2-hexyn-1-yl, 3,3- dimethyl-1-butyn-1-yl and 3-methylbutyn-3-yl.
  • nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycle refers to a monocyclic aromatic radical having from five to seven ring atoms of which one ring atom is nitrogen; zero, one or two ring atoms are additional heteroatoms independently selected from S, O and N; and the remaining ring atoms are carbon, the radical being joined to the rest of the molecule via any of the ring atoms.
  • nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycles include pyridine, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyrrole, pyrazole, imidazole, thiazole, oxazole, isooxazole, thiadiazole, oxadiazole and substituted derivatives thereof.
  • nitrogen-containing heterocycle refers to a saturated or unsaturated monocyclic ring system radical having from four to seven ring atoms of which one is nitrogen; zero, one or two are additional heteroatoms independently selected from S, O and N; and the remainder are carbon, the radical being joined to the rest of the molecule via any of the ring atoms and being optionally substituted, either on a nitrogen or a carbon atom, by an additional radical selected from among aryl(loweralkyl), alkoxycarbonyl, loweralkyl, halo(loweralkyl), amino(loweralkyl), hydroxy-substituted loweralkyl, hydroxy, loweralkoxy, halogen, amino, loweralkylamino, and amino, (loweralkyl)amino or alkanoylamino of from one to eight carbon atoms in which the amino group may be further substituted with alkanoyl of from one to eight carbons, an alpha-amino acid or a polypeptid
  • nitrogen-containing heterocycles examples include pyrrolidine, dihydropyrrole, isooxazolidine, oxazolidine, tetrhydropyridine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine, thiomorpholine, aziridine and azetidine.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable cation refers to a positively-charged inorganic or organic ion that is generally considered suitable for human consumption. Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable cations are hydrogen, alkali metal (lithium, sodium and potassium), magnesium, calcium, ferrous, ferric, ammonium,
  • alkylammonium dialkylammonium, trialkylammonium, tetraalkylammonium
  • a base form of the cation such as a hydroxide or a free amine
  • esters and amides as of the compounds of formula I, is meant those carboxylate salts, amino acid addition salts, esters and amides which are, within the scope of sound medical judgement, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of humans and lower animals without undue toxicity, irritation, allergic response and the like, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio, and effective for their intended use, as well as the zwitterionic forms thereof.
  • salts are well known in the art.
  • S. M Berge, et al. describe pharmaceutically acceptable salts in detail in J. Pharmaceutical Sciences, 66:1-19 (1977).
  • examples of pharmaceutically acceptable, nontoxic acid addition salts are salts of an amino group formed with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid and perchloric acid or with organic acids such as acetic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, succinic acid or malonic acid or by using other methods used in the art such as ion exchange.
  • salts include nitrate, bisulfate, borate, formate, butyrate, valerate, 3-phenylpropionate, camphorate, adipate, benzoate, oleate, palmitate, stearate, laurate, lactate, fumarate, ascorbate, aspartate, nicotinate, p-toluenesulfonate,
  • glucoheptonate lactobionate, glycerophosphate, pectinate, lauryl sulfate and the like or metal salts such as sodium, potassium, magnesium or calcium salts or amino salts such as ammonium, triethylamine salts and the like, all of which may be prepared according to conventional methods.
  • esters of the present invention include C1-to-C6 alkyl esters and C5-to-C7 cycloalkyl esters, although C1-to-C4 alkyl esters are preferred.
  • Esters of the compounds of formula I may be prepared according to conventional methods.
  • Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable, non-toxic amides of the present invention include amides derived from ammonia, primary C1-to-C6 alkyl amines and secondary C1-to-C6 dialkyl amines. In the case of secondary amines, the amine may also be in the form of a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle containing one nitrogen atom. Amides derived from ammonia, C1-to-C3 alkyl primary amides and C1-to-C2 dialkyl secondary amides are preferred. Amides of the compounds of formula I may be prepared according to conventional methods. It is intended that amides of the present invention include amino acid and peptide derivatives of the compounds of formula I as well.
  • the term "pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” means a non-toxic, inert solid, semi-solid or liquid filler, diluent, encapsulating material or formulation auxiliary of any type.
  • materials that can serve as pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are sugars, such as lactose, glucose and sucrose; starches such as corn starch and potato starch; cellulose and its derivatives such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose and cellulose acetate; powdered tragacanth; malt; gelatin; talc; excipients such as cocoa butter and suppository waxes; oils such as peanut oil, cottonseed oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, olive oil, corn oil and soybean oil; glycols, such as propylene glycol; polyols such as glycerin, sorbitol, mannitol and polyethylene glycol; esters such as ethyl oleate and ethyl laur
  • wetting agents such as sodium lauryl sulfate and magnesium stearate, as well as coloring agents, releasing agents, coating agents, sweetening, flavoring and perfuming agents, and preservatives can also be present in the composition, according to the judgement of the formulator.
  • prodrug refers to derivative compounds that are rapidly transformed in vivo to yield the parent compound of the formula I, as for example by hydrolysis in blood.
  • T. Higuchi and V. Stella provide a thorough discussion of the prodrug concept in "Pro-drugs as Novel Delivery Systems", Vol 14 of the A.C.S. Symposium Series, American Chemical Society (1975).
  • esters useful as prodrugs for compounds containing carboxyl groups can be found on pages 14-21 of "Bioreversible Carriers in Drug Design: Theory and Application", edited by E.B. Roche, Pergamon Press:New York (1987). It is intended that these references, and any others cited throughout this specification, are incorporated herein by reference.
  • prodrug ester group refers to any of several ester-forming groups that are hydrolyzed under physiological conditions.
  • Examples of prodrug ester groups include pivoyloxymethyl, acetoxymethyl, phthalidyl, indanyl and methoxymethyl, as well as other such groups known in the art, including a (5-R-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolen-4-yl)methyl group.
  • Other examples of prodrug ester groups can be found in the book "Pro-drugs as Novel Delivery Systems", by Higuchi and Stella, cited above.
  • protecting group is well-known in the art and refers to substituents on functional groups of compounds undergoing chemical transformation which prevent undesired reactions and degradations during a synthesis; see, for example, T.H. Greene, "Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis", John Wiley & Sons, New York (1981).
  • substituted phenyl refers to a benzene ring having between one and five non-hydrogen substituents, each independently selected from among halogen, hydroxy, loweralkoxy, loweralkyl, hydroxy-substituted loweralkyl, amino,
  • substituted phenyl radicals include 2-fluorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl and 2,4-difluorophenyl.
  • thioloweralkoxy refers to a radical of the formula -SR 35 where R 35 is a loweralkyl group including, but not limited to, thiomethoxy and thioethoxy.
  • thioloweralkoxy(loweralkyl) refers to a loweralkyl radical having appended thereto a thioloweralkoxy group including, but not limited to, thiomethoxymethyl and thiomethoxyethyl.
  • the compounds of the invention may be administered alone or in combination or in concurrent therapy with other agents.
  • the specific therapeutically effective dose level for any particular patient will depend upon a variety of factors including the disorder being treated and the severity of the disorder; activity of the particular compound used; the specific composition employed; the age, body weight, general health, sex and diet of the patient; the time of administration, route of administration, and rate of excretion of the specific compound employed; the duration of the treatment; drugs used in combination or coincidently with the specific compound employed; and like factors well known in the medical arts.
  • the total daily dose of the compounds of this invention administered to a host in single or in divided doses can be in amounts, as for example from 0.1 to 200 mg/kg body weight or more usually from 0.25 to 100 mg/kg body weight.
  • Single dose compositions may contain such amounts or submultiples thereof as make up the daily dose.
  • the compounds of the invention may be administered orally, parenterally, by inhalation spray, rectally, or topically in unit dosage formulations containing conventional nontoxic pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, adjuvants, diluents and/or vehicles as desired.
  • parenteral as used herein includes subcutaneous injections, intravenous, intramuscular, intrasternal injection or infusion techniques.
  • Injectable preparations as for example sterile injectable aqueous or oleaginous suspensions, may be formulated according to the known art using suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents.
  • the sterile injectable preparation may also be a sterile injectable solution or suspension in a nontoxic parenterally acceptable diluent or solvent, as for example as a solution in 1,3-butanediol.
  • acceptable vehicles and solvents that may be employed are water. Ringer's solution, U.S. P. and isotonic sodium chloride solution.
  • sterile, fixed oils are conventionally employed as a solvent or suspending medium.
  • any bland fixed oil can be employed including synthetic mono- or diglycerides.
  • fatty acids such as oleic acid are used in the preparation of injectables.
  • the most common way to accomplish this is to inject a suspension of crystalline or amorphous material with poor water solubility
  • the rate of absorption of the drug becomes dependent on the rate of dissolution of the drug which is, in turn, dependent on the physical state of the drug, for example, the crystal size and the crystalline form.
  • Another approach to delaying absorption of a drug is to administer the drug as a solution or suspension in oil.
  • Injectable depot forms can also be made by forming microcapsule matrices of drugs and biodegradable polymers such as polylactide-polyglycolide.
  • the rate of drug release can be controlled.
  • biodegradable polymers include poly-orthoesters and polyanhydrides. Depot injectables can also be made by entrapping the drug in liposomes or microemulsions which are compatible with body tissues.
  • Suppositories for rectal or vaginal administration of the drug can be prepared by mixing the drug with a suitable nonirritating excipient such as cocoa butter and
  • polyethylene glycol which are solid at ordinary temperature but will melt in the rectum or in the vagina and release the drug.
  • Solid dosage forms for oral administration may include capsules, tablets, pills, powders, prills and granules.
  • the active compound may be admixed with at least one inert diluent such as sucrose, lactose or starch.
  • Such dosage forms may also comprise, as is normal practice, additional substances other than inert diluents, e.g., tableting lubricants and other tableting aids such as magnesium stearate and microcrystalline cellulose.
  • the dosage forms may also comprise buffering agents. Tablets and pilis can additionaliy be prepared with enteric coatings and other release-controliing coatings.
  • Liquid dosage forms for oral administration may include pharmaceuticaliy acceptable emulsions, microemulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups and elixirs containing inert diluents commonly used in the art such as water. Such compositions may also comprise adjuvants, such as wetting agents; emulsifying and suspending agents; and sweetening, flavoring and perfuming agents. If desired, the compounds of the present invention can be incorporated into slow release or targeted dehvery systems such as polymer matrices, liposomes and
  • microspheres may be sterilized, for example, by filtration through a bacteria- retaining filter, or by incorporating sterilizing agents in the form of sterile solid
  • compositions which can dissolve in sterile water, or some other sterile injectable medium immediately before use.
  • the active compounds can also be in micro-encapsulated form with one or more excipients as noted above.
  • Dosage forms for topical or transdermal administration of a compound of this invention further include ointments, pastes, creams, lotions, gels, powders, solutions, sprays, inhalants or patches.
  • the active component is admixed under sterile conditions with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and any needed preservatives or buffers as may be required.
  • Ophthalmic formulations, ear drops, eye ointments, powders and solutions are also contemplated as being within the scope of this invention.
  • the ointments, pastes, creams and gels may contain, in addition to an active compound of this invention, excipients such as animal and vegetable fats, oils, waxes, paraffins, starch, tragacanth, cellulose derivatives, polyethylene glycols, silicones, bentonites, silicic acid, talc and zinc oxide, or mixtures thereof.
  • excipients such as animal and vegetable fats, oils, waxes, paraffins, starch, tragacanth, cellulose derivatives, polyethylene glycols, silicones, bentonites, silicic acid, talc and zinc oxide, or mixtures thereof.
  • Powders and sprays can contain, in addition to the compounds of this invention, excipients such as lactose, talc, silicic acid, aluminum hydroxide, calcium silicates and polyamide powder, or mixtures of these substances.
  • Sprays can additionally contain customary propellants such as chlorofluorohydrocarbons or substitutes therefor.
  • Transdermal patches have the added advantage of providing controlied delivery of a compound to the body.
  • dosage forms can be made by dissolving or dispersing the compound in the proper medium.
  • Absorption enhancers can also be used to increase the flux of the compound across the skin.
  • the rate can be controlied by either providing a rate controlling membrane or by dispersing the compound in a polymer matrix or gel.
  • a further possibility for delivery and/or utilization of the compounds of the present invention is by chemical conjugation of the compounds with other antibacterials such as beta-lactams.
  • Sirrular dual-action conjugates are proposed in the published European patent application No. 597 303 of Dax, et al. (published on May 18, 1994) and the published international patent application No. PCT/US92/08246 of White, et al. (Publication No. WO 93/07154, published on April 15, 1993).
  • a carbon-nitrogen bond or other covalent link may be formed between, for example, either an amino substituent at the C-8 position or a carboxylic acid group at the C-3 position of a compound of the present invention, and an alkyl or other group of a beta-lactam.
  • the compounds of the present invention are synthesized according to reaction Schemes I through XVIII presented below, in which R 1 through R 16 , A, X, Y and Z correspond to the groups defined in connection with formula (I), R is a loweralkyl group, X is a halogen atom, P is a protecting group and L is a suitable leaving group, as for example a halogen atom.
  • the condensation of the amino group with amino acids and peptides may be effected in accordance with conventional condensation methods such as the azide method, the mixed acid anhydride method, the DCC
  • branched chain amino and carboxyl groups at alpha and omega positions in amino acids may be protected and deprotected if necessary.
  • the protecting groups for amino groups which can be used involve, for example, benzyloxycarbonyl (Z), o-chloro-benzyloxycarbonyl((2-Cl)Z), p-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl (Z(NO2)), p-methoxybenzyloxycarbonyl (Z(OMe)), t-butoxycarbonyl (Boc),
  • t-amyloxycarbonyl (Aoc), isobornealoxycarbonyl, adamantyloxycarbonyl (Adoc), 2-(4-biphenyl)-2-propyloxy carbonyl (Bpoc), 9-fluorenyl-methoxycarbonyl (Fmoc), methylsulfonylethoxy carbonyl (Msc), trifluoroacetyl, phthalyl, formyl, 2- nitrophenylsulfenyl (Nps), diphenylphosphinothioyl (Ppt) and dimethylphosphino-thioyl (Mpt).
  • protecting groups for carboxyl groups involve, for example, benzyl ester (OBzl), cyclohexyl ester, 4-nitrobenzyl ester (OBzlNO2), t-butyl ester (OtBu), 4-pyridylmethyl ester (OPic) and the like.
  • guanidino group (NG) in arginine be protected with nitro, p-toluenesulfonyl (Tos), benzyloxycarbonyl (Z), adamantyloxycarbonyl (Adoc), p-methoxybenzenesulfonyl, 4- methoxy-2,6-dimethyl-benzenesulfonyl (Mts) or the like; that the thiol group in cysteine be protected with benzyl, p-methoxybenzyl, triphenylmethyl, acetamidomethyl,
  • ethylcarbamyl 4-methylbenzyl (4-MeBzl), 2,4,6,-trimethylbenzyl (Tmb) or the like; and that the hydroxy group in serine may be protected with benzyl (Bzl), t-butyl, acetyl, tetrahydropyranyl (THP) or the like.
  • an alpha-halo acetate derivative of formula 1, such as ethyl 2-fluoroacetate, is condensed with a formate ester of formula 2 in the presence of a suitable base, as for example sodium ethoxide, in an inert solvent such as diethyl ether to give an enolate compound of formula 3.
  • a suitable base as for example sodium ethoxide
  • diethyl ether inert solvent
  • Compounds of formula 3 are, in turn, converted to compounds of formula 5 by condensation with an amidine derivative of formula 4, in which R 1 is an electron withdrawing group such as phenyl, trifluoromethyl, cyano, perfluoroalkyl, vinyl, substituted vinyl, fluorine, nitro, acetylene, substituted acetylene, alkoxycarbonyl, or a nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycle.
  • R 1 is an electron withdrawing group such as phenyl, trifluoromethyl, cyano, perfluoroalkyl, vinyl, substituted vinyl, fluorine, nitro, acetylene, substituted acetylene, alkoxycarbonyl, or a nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycle.
  • Compounds of formula 5 are reacted with an alkoxymethylene malonate derivative of formula 8 in the presence of a suitable strong base, for example lithium dusopropylamide (LDA) or n-butyl lithium, preferably at a temperature below 0°
  • the compounds of formula 9A are cyclized in the presence of a base, as for example DBU or piperidine, or in the presence of an acid, such as sulfuric acid, in a solvent such as toluene, THF, ethanol or chlorobenzene, or by heating the compound in a solvent, as for example xylene, diglyme, triglyme, sulfolane or Dowtherm A® (a eutectic mixture of biphenyl and diphenyl ether) at a temperature greater than 120°C, to give the compounds of formula 10C.
  • a base as for example DBU or piperidine
  • an acid such as sulfuric acid
  • a solvent such as toluene, THF, ethanol or chlorobenzene
  • a solvent such as toluene, THF, ethanol or chlorobenzene
  • esters 10C are converted into the esters 11 A viatransesterif ⁇ cation with an alcohol suitable for selective hydrolysis, such as benzyl alcohol or 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethanol (TMSE), in the presence of a catalyst, as for example titanium tetraethoxide.
  • an alcohol suitable for selective hydrolysis such as benzyl alcohol or 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethanol (TMSE)
  • TMSE 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethanol
  • the 2-hydroxy compounds of formula 11 A are converted to the corresponding halo-derivatives of formula 12A by treatment with a halogenating agent, for example phosphorous oxychloride to afford the chloro derivative, optionally in an inert solvent at a temperature between about 20°C and 145°C, depending on the halogenating agent and the boiling point of the solvent if one is used, and conveniently at room temperature.
  • a halogenating agent for example phosphorous oxychloride
  • the leaving group L in the compounds of formula 12A is then displaced by a nucleophile such as a nucleophilic amine, for example N-methylpiperazine or 2-methylpiperazine, to give the compounds of formula 13 A.
  • the reaction may be conducted at a temperature from about 20°C to about 130°C in a suitable organic solvent such as pyridine, methylene chloride, chloroform or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone. It is desirable to carry out the reaction in the presence of an acid-acceptor such as triethylamine, potassium carbonate and the like, at a molar ratio of 1.0 to 2.0 moles of the acid acceptor per mole of compound of the formula 6.
  • the amine can also be used as an acid acceptor in which case two or more equivalents of this reagent are used.
  • the benzyl ester group of compounds of formula 13 A is then removed by hydrogenolysis when R * is benzyl, or with tetrabutylammonium fluoride when R * is TMSE, to afford a compound of formula I.
  • the cyano group of the compounds of formula 5B is then reacted with an inorganic acid, such as hydrochloric acid, in the presence of one equivalent of anhydrous alcohol, such as ethanol, followed by reaction with ammonia to give the substituted amidine ester of formula 6B, which is then condensed with an enolate compound of formula 7B, prepared in a manner similar to compounds of formula 3 in Scheme I, in the presence of a suitable base, for example triethylamine, in a polar solvent such as methanol to give the substituted hydroxy- pyrimidine ester compounds of formula 8B.
  • an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid
  • anhydrous alcohol such as ethanol
  • the ester function of the compounds of formula 8B is converted into an aldehyde function by reduction, for example with a hindered aluminum hydride, such as diisobutylaluminum hydride or LiAlH(O-t-butyl) 3 , or with N,N-dimethyl-chloromethyleneiminium chloride in pyridine or diaminoaluminum hydride to produce a compound of formula 9B.
  • This reaction may be conducted at a temperature below -20°C, and conveniently at -78°C in the presence of a aprotic solvent such as hexane, toluene, methylene chloride or THF.
  • the aldehyde compounds of formula 9B are reacted with a malonic acid diester, such as diethyl malonate, dibenzyl malonate, t-butyl malonate or di-t-butyl malonate, in the presence of a suitable base such as piperidine and a catalytic amount of an acid, such as acetic acid or sulfuric acid, in a polar solvent, such as ethanol, to afford the a malonic acid diester, such as diethyl malonate, dibenzyl malonate, t-butyl malonate or di-t-butyl malonate, in the presence of a suitable base such as piperidine and a catalytic amount of an acid, such as acetic acid or sulfuric acid, in a polar solvent, such as ethanol, to afford the a suitable base such as piperidine and a catalytic amount of an acid, such as acetic acid or sulfuric acid, in a polar solvent, such as ethanol, to
  • pyridopyrimidine compounds of formula 10B are reacted with a suitable halogenating agent such as phosphoryl chloride at room temperature to afford the compounds of formula 11B.
  • a suitable halogenating agent such as phosphoryl chloride at room temperature.
  • the halo group is displaced as discussed in reaction Scheme I to afford the compounds of formula 12B, which are in turn converted into the compounds of formula I as described in Scheme I for the conversion of compounds of formula 10 into compounds of formula I.
  • 2-picoline-N-oxide is converted to a mixture of compounds of formulae 22 and 23 by treatment with a halogenating agent, for example phosphorus oxychloride, optionally in an inert solvent.
  • a halogenating agent for example phosphorus oxychloride
  • the reaction may be run at a temperature between about 25°C and 125°C, depending on the halogenating agent selected.
  • the halogenating agent is phosphorus oxychloride the reaction temperature is preferably between 60°C and 120°C.
  • a compound of formula 23 is, in turn, reacted with an alkoxymethylene malonate derivative of formula 8 in the presence of a suitably strong and hindered base, for example lithium dusopropylamide (LDA), preferably at a temperature below 0°C, and conveniently at -78°C to afford the compounds of formula 24.
  • a suitably strong and hindered base for example lithium dusopropylamide (LDA)
  • LDA lithium dusopropylamide
  • Compounds of formula 24 are cyclized by heating the compound in a solvent with a boiling point greater than 120°C, for example xylene, diglyme, triglyme, sulfolane or Dowtherm A® (a eutectic mixture of biphenyl and diphenyl ether), to afford compounds of formula 25.
  • the leaving group in the 8-position of the quinolizinone compound of formula 25 is then displaced using 3-aminopyrrolidine with the primary amino group protected, for example with t-butoxycarbonyl.
  • the protecting group is then removed to give the compounds of formula 26.
  • esters of formula 26 are than converted to the carboxylic acids of formula III as described in Scheme 1 for the conversion of compounds of formula 10 to compounds of formula I.
  • compounds of formula 23 are converted to compounds of formula 27, wherein R 1 is alkyl, cycloalkyl or carbocyclic aryl(loweralkyl), by treatment with an alkyl, cycloalkyl or carbocyclic aryl(loweralkyl) halide in the presence of a suitable base such as LDA.
  • Compounds of formula 23 are converted to compounds of formula 27, wherein R 1 is a phenyl group as defined herein or an alkylamino group by conversion to the corresponding halomethyl compound and treatment of the halomethyl compound with an aryl metal compound such as phenyllithium as described above, or with an alkylamine such as methylamine as shown in reaction Scheme VA.
  • the compounds of formula 27 are converted to the compounds of formula 29 by the sequence of reactions described above for the conversion of compounds of formula 25.
  • the leaving group in the 8-position of the quinolizinone compound of formula 29 is then displaced, for example by a nucleophilic amine such as N-methylpiperazine or 2-methylpiperazine, to give the the compounds of formula 30.
  • the reaction may be conducted at a temperature from about 20°C to about 130°C in a suitable organic solvent such as pyridine, methylene chloride, chloroform or 1- methyl-2-pyrrolidinone. It is desirable to carry out the reaction in the presence of an acid- acceptor such as triethylamine, potassium carbonate and the like, at a molar ratio of 1.0 to 2.0 moles of the acid acceptor per mole of compound of the formula29.
  • the amine can also be used as an acid acceptor in which case two or more equivalents of this reagent are used.
  • reaction-inert solvent i.e., a solvent which does not interfere with the coupling reaction of the aryl metal compound with a compound of formula29.
  • Suitable reaction-inert solvents include ethers, for example diethyl ether, dimethoxyethane and tetrahydrofuran (THF). Co-solvents may be used with ethers if desired.
  • aryl metal compounds may be prepared by known methods. For example, they may be prepared by direct lithium-halogen exchange of the corresponding aryl halide using n-butyl-, sec-butyl- or t-butyl-lithium followed by transmetallation by a wide variety of salts by known methods such as described by E. Negishi in "Organometallics in Organic Sysnthesis", Vol. 1, page 104.
  • a compound of formula 31 is treated with a malononic acid ester, for example diethyl malonate, in the presence of a suitable base such as sodium hydride in a polar nonprotic solvent such as an ether, for example diethyl ether or THF, to afford a compound of formula 32.
  • a suitable base such as sodium hydride
  • a polar nonprotic solvent such as an ether, for example diethyl ether or THF
  • Compounds of formula 32 are, in turn, decarboxylated, for example by heating them in strong mineral acid such as aqueous sulfuric acid, to afford the compounds of formula 33.
  • the nitro-compound of formula 33 is reduced to the corresponding amino-compound of formula 34.
  • the nitro group may be reduced by catalytic hydrogenation using standard techniques or by any of a variety of known reducing agents such as using a metal, for example zinc, tin or iron, in the presence if a mineral acid, usually hydrochloric acid.
  • the amino-compound of formula 34 is converted to the corresponding fluoro-compound of formula 35 by treatment with ethyl nitrite and tetrafluoroboric acid, followed by treatment with potassium fluoride.
  • the compound of formula 35 is then converted into the corresponding N-oxide of formula 36 by oxidation, for example using peracetic acid.
  • the reaction is carried out in the range from about 20°C up to the reflux temperature of the solvent employed, preferably at about 50°C.
  • the compound of formula 36 is nitrated to afford compounds of formula 37.
  • the nitration reaction can be carried out using a variety of known nitrating agents, for example a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid or a mixture of sulfuric acid and potassium nitrate, or by using nitronium salts such as nitronium trifluoromethanesulfonate.
  • the nitro compound of formula 37 is, in turn, converted to the corresponding halo compound of formula 38 by treatment with mineral acid at ambient or elevated temperature as desired.
  • the compound of formula 37 is treated with aqueous hydrochloric acid at a temperature of about 100-120°C to afford the compound of formula 38 wherein L is C1.
  • the compound of formula 38 is, in turn converted to the compound of formula IV A1 by reduction, for example using a metal such as iron or zinc in the presence of an acid such as acetic acid.
  • the compound of formula IV A1 is, in turn, converted to the compound of formula IV A2 by treatment with a suitable base, such as LDA, followed by treatment with a halogenating agent, for example N-chloro or N-bromo succinimide.
  • the compounds of formula IV A1 are converted to compounds of formula IV A3, wherein R 1 is alkyl, cycloalkyl or carbocyclic aryl(loweralkyl), by treatment with an alkyl, cycloalkyl or carbocyclic aryl(loweralkyl) halide in the presence of a suitable base such as LDA.
  • a suitable base such as LDA
  • the compounds of formula IV A3 are further treated with a a suitable base, such as LDA, followed by treatment with a halogenating agent, for example N-chloro or N-bromo succinimide to afford the compounds of formula IV A4.
  • a halogenating agent for example N-chloro or N-bromo succinimide
  • the compounds of formulae IV A3 and IV A4 are converted to the quinolizinone compounds of formula IV B and IV C, respectively, by the following series of reactions: (1) reaction with an alkoxymethylene malonate derivative of formula 8 in the presence of a suitably strong and hindered base, for example lithium dusopropylamide (LDA), preferably at a temperature below 0°C, and conveniently at -78°C, to afford the compounds of formulae 39 and 42, respectively (2) cyclization as discussed in reaction Scheme III, to afford the compounds of formulae 40 and 43, respectively (3) displacement of the leaving group in the 8-position as discussed in reaction Scheme III to afford the compounds of formulae 41 and 44, respectively and (4) hydrolysis or hydrogenolysis as discussed in reaction Scheme III of the carboxylic acid ester to the corresponding carboxylic acids of formulae IV B and IV C, respectively.
  • a suitably strong and hindered base for example lithium dusopropylamide (LDA), preferably at a temperature below 0°C, and conveniently at -
  • the compounds of formula 51 are converted to the compounds of formula V A2 by the following series of reactions: (1) reaction with an alkoxymethylene malonate derivative of formula 8 in the presence of a suitably strong and hindered base, for example lithium dusopropylamide (LDA), preferably at a temperature below 0°C, and conveniently at -78°C, to afford the compounds of formula 52 (2) cyclization as discussed in reaction Scheme III, to afford the compounds of formula 53 (3) displacement of the leaving group in the 8-position as discussed in reaction Scheme III to afford the compounds of formula 54 and (4) conversion of the carboxylic acid ester to the corresponding carboxylic acids of formula V A2.
  • a suitably strong and hindered base for example lithium dusopropylamide (LDA), preferably at a temperature below 0°C, and conveniently at -78°C
  • LDA lithium dusopropylamide
  • reaction Scheme VI illustrated above perfluoroinated pyridine is converted to the compound of formula 66 by the procedures described in reaction Scheme IV A for the preparation of compounds of formula 33.
  • Compounds of formula 66 are, in turn, converted to the compounds of formula VI A and VI B by the series of reactions discussed in reaction Scheme III for the conversion of compounds of formula 23 to compounds of formula III.
  • reaction Scheme VII compounds of formula IV A2 are reacted with a protected alcohol of formula 71 , in the presence of a suitable base such as LDA, to afford compounds of formula 72.
  • the hydroxy protecting group is preferably a THP (tetrahydopyranyl) ether group.
  • the compounds of formula 72 are, in turn, deprotected by standard methods to afford the compounds of formula 73.
  • the compounds of formula 73 are cyclized, in the presence of a suitable non-nucleophliic base such as sodium hydride, to afford the compounds of formula 74.
  • the compounds of formula 74 are then comverted to the compounds of formula 77 by the series of reactions described in reaction Scheme IV B for the conversion of the compounds of formula IV A3 to the compounds of formula IV B.
  • the hydroxy-substituted compounds of formula 5 are converted to the corresponding halo- derivatives of formula 6 by treatment with a halogenating agent, for example phosphorus oxychloride to afford the chloro derivative, optionaliy in an inert solvent at a temperature between about 20°C and 145°C, depending on the halogenating agent and the boiting point of the solvent if one is used.
  • a halogenating agent for example phosphorus oxychloride
  • the reaction temperature is preferably between about 80°C and 100°C.
  • the leaving group in the 5-position of the pyrimidine ring of compounds of formula 6 is then displaced by a nucleophile such as a nucleophilic amine, for example N-methylpiperazine or 2- methylpiperazine, to give the the compounds of formula 7.
  • a nucleophile such as a nucleophilic amine, for example N-methylpiperazine or 2- methylpiperazine
  • the reaction may be conducted at a temperature from about 20°C to about 130°C in a suitable organic solvent such as pyridine, methylene chloride, chloroform or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone. It is desirable to carry out the reaction in the presence of an acid-acceptor such as triethylamine, potassium carbonate and the like, at a molar ratio of 1.0 to 2.0 moles of the acid acceptor per mole of compound of the formula 6.
  • the amine can also be used as an acid acceptor in which case two or more equivalents of this reagent are used.
  • the compounds of formula 7 are reacted with an alkoxymethylene malonate derivative of formula 8 in the presence of a suitably strong hindered base, for example lithium dlisopropylamide (LDA), preferably at a temperature below 0°C, and conveniently at -78°C to afford the compounds of formula 9.
  • a suitably strong hindered base for example lithium dlisopropylamide (LDA)
  • LDA lithium dlisopropylamide
  • the compounds of formula 9 are cyclized in the presence of a suitable hindered base, for example DBU, in an aprotic solvent, such as toluene, THF or chlorobenzene to give the compounds of formula 10.
  • the cyclization is carried out at a temperature in the range of about 30°C to about 130°C, preferably at the reflux temperture of the reaction mixture.
  • the compounds of formula 10 are hydrolyzed in the presence of a suitable base such as sodium or potasium hydroxide to afford the compounds of formula 78.
  • the compounds of formula 78 are, in turn, chlorinated to afford the compounds of formula 10a using an appropriate chlorinating agent such as phosphorus oxychloride.
  • the leaving group in the 8-position of the quinolizinone compound of formula 10a is then displaced using a nucleophilic amine such as 3- aminopyrrolidine (with the primary amino group protected, for example with t- butoxycarbonyl).
  • the protecting group is then removed to give the compounds of formula 10b.
  • the esters of formula 10b are then converted to the carboxylic acids of formula I.
  • the conversion may be achieved by conventional hydrolysis or by converting a compound of formula 10b to the corresponding ester, via transesterification with an alcohol suitable for selective hydrolysis, such as benzyl alcohol or 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethanol (TMSE), in the presence of a catalyst, for example titanium tetraethoxide, and then, in turn, removing the alcohol group by hydrogenolysis when R * is benzyl or tetrabutylammonium fluoride when R * is TMSE to afford a compound of formula I.
  • an alcohol suitable for selective hydrolysis such as benzyl alcohol or 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethanol (TMSE)
  • TMSE 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethanol
  • R 1 is an alkyl, halo(loweralkyl) or cycloalkyl group, or may be an electron withdrawing group such as phenyl, trifluoromethyl, cyano, perfluoroalkyl, vinyl, substituted vinyl, fluorine, nitro, acetylene, substituted acetylene, alkoxycarbonyl, or a nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycle, in the presence of a suitable base, such as sodium methoxide or sodium ethoxide, in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as methanol or ethanol, to give compounds of formulae 81 or 80, respectively.
  • R 1 is an alkyl, halo(loweralkyl) or cycloalkyl group, or may be an electron withdrawing group such as phenyl, trifluoromethyl, cyano, perfluoroalkyl, vinyl, substituted vinyl, fluorine, nitro, acetylene, substituted acetylene, alkoxycarbonyl
  • Compounds of formula 80 may be substituted for compounds of formula 8B in Scheme H and converted via the reactions in that Scheme, described above, into compounds of formula I.
  • Compounds of formula 81 may be substituted for compounds of formula 5 in Scheme I and converted into compounds of formula I via the reactions of Scheme I described above.
  • the compounds of formula 81 may be substituted for compounds of formula 5 in Scheme VIII and converted via the reactions in that scheme, described above, into compounds of formula I.
  • an organo-metallic derivative of formula 82 such as phenyl magnesium bromide, cyclopentyl magnesium bromide, or N- methylpiperidin-4-yl magnesium bromide is condensed with an alpha-haloacetate derivative of formula 83, where X may be a halogen or alkoxy group, such as ethyl 2-fluoroacetate or 2-fluoroacetyl chloride, in an anhydrous solvent, for example ether or THF, to produce the alpha-fluoro compounds of formula 84.
  • the compounds of formula 85 are in turn converted to compounds of formula 86 or 87 by condensation with an amidine derivative of formula 4 or 6, in which R 1 is loweralkyl, halo(loweralkyl) or cycloalkyl, or is an electron withdrawing group such as phenyl, trifluoromethyl, cyano, perfluoroalkyl, vinyl, substituted vinyl, fluorine, nitro, acetylene, substituted acetylene, alkoxycarbonyl, or a nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycle, in the presence of a suitable base, for example triethylamine, in a polar solvent such as methanol.
  • a suitable base for example triethylamine
  • Compounds of formula 87 may be substituted for compounds of formula 7 in Scheme VIII, and converted via the reactions in that scheme, described above, into compounds of formula I.
  • Compounds of formula 86 may be substituted for compounds of formula 9B in Scheme II and, by reaction with a malonic acid diester as described for Scheme II above, converted directly into compounds of formula 12B and, thence, into compounds of formula I.
  • An alpha-haloacetate derivative of formula 1 is condensed with an acid halide or ester derivative of formula 88, for example acetyl chloride, benzoyl chloride, isonicotinoyl chloride, or 2,6-dimethylisonicotinoyl chloride, in an anhydrous solvent, for example ether, THF, anhydrous methanol or an hydrous ethanol, in the presence of a suitable base, such as sodium methoxide or NaN(TMS)2, to produce the beta-ketoester derivative of formula 91, which is converted into compounds of formula 92 in the presence of a suitable base, such as sodium methoxide or sodium ethoxide, in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as methanol, ethanol or ether, to give the hydroxy-substituted compounds of formulae 92 or 93.
  • an acid halide or ester derivative of formula 88 for example acetyl chloride, benzoyl chloride, isonico
  • non-fluorinated derivatives of formula 90 may be converted to the beta-ketoester derivatives of formula 91 using a reagent such as N-fluoropyridinium triflate, N-fluorosulfonyl amide, cesium
  • the compound of formula 89 is then reacted with hydrogen over a noble catalyst, such as Pd/C in a sodium acetate buffer, to remove the chlorine and give the compound of formula 90 (also isolated from a mixture of products by chromatography).
  • a noble catalyst such as Pd/C in a sodium acetate buffer
  • the compound of formula 90 is then reacted with a suitable alkyl halide, for example methyl halide or the like, in the presence of a suitably strong and hindered base, for example lithium dlisopropylamide (LDA), preferably at a temperature below 0°C, and conveniently at -78°C to afford the compounds of formula 91.
  • LDA lithium dlisopropylamide
  • the compound of formula 90 is first reacted with a suitably strong and hindered base, for example lithium dusopropylamide (LDA), preferably at a temperature below 0°C, and conveniently at -78°C foliowed by reaction with formaldehyde to give the compound where R 6 is hydroxymethyl which is then reacted with diaminosulfur trifluoride (DAST) in a non-polar solvent such as methylene chloride to give the compound of formula 91.
  • a suitably strong and hindered base for example lithium dusopropylamide (LDA)
  • LDA lithium dusopropylamide
  • DAST diaminosulfur trifluoride
  • the compound of formula 90 is first reacted with a suitably strong and hindered base, for example lithium dusopropylamide (LDA), preferably at a temperature below 0°C, and conveniently at -78°C foliowed by reaction with DMF to form the intermediate compound wherein R 6 is CHO, and this intermediate is then reacted with DAST to prepare the compound of formula 91, wherein R6 is difluoromethyl.
  • a suitably strong and hindered base for example lithium dusopropylamide (LDA)
  • LDA lithium dusopropylamide
  • the compounds of formula 91 are then reacted with hydrazine under nitrogen at reflux temperature for 2-8 hours, and after removal of excess hydrazine the residue is dissolved in an organic solvent, such as methanol or benzene, for example, and air is then passed through the solution of the hydrazino product for 8-16 hours to give the compounds of formula 92.
  • an organic solvent such as methanol or benzene, for example
  • he compounds of formula 92 are then condensed with cyclopropyl acetonitrile in a polar organic solvent, such as THF, for example, in the presence of strong base, such as lithium diethylamide (LDA) or lithium dusopropylamide, at -78°C for 1-4 hours and then at 0°C for 1-4 hours or NaNH 2 at -5°C to -10°C for 1 to 8 hours in order to prepare compounds of formula 93.
  • a polar organic solvent such as THF
  • strong base such as lithium diethylamide (LDA) or lithium dusopropylamide
  • the compounds of formula 93 are then reacted with trifluoroacetic acid under nitrogen for 1-4 hours at ambient temperature to removed the protecting t-butoxide group, and the unprotected material is then reacted with POC13 in a suitable organic solvent, such as DMF or methylene chloride, for example, at ambient temperature for 8-24 hours in order to prepare the compounds of formula 94.
  • a suitable organic solvent such as DMF or methylene chloride
  • the compounds of formula 89 may be converted directly to the compounds of formula 91 by treatment with a strong base, such as t-butyllithium or s-butyllithium, for example, in a polar solvent such as THF or the like for a period of from 0.5 to 3 hours, followed by reaction with methyl iodide at a temperature firstly below -50°C then at ambient temperature for a period of from 4 to 20 hours.
  • a strong base such as t-butyllithium or s-butyllithium
  • a polar solvent such as THF or the like
  • the compounds of formula 91 may then be converted to the compounds of formula 92 by treatment with a hydride reducing agent, such as LAH or sodium bis-(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminum hydride (Red-AlTM), for example, at from 0°C to ambient temperature for a period of from 8-24 hours.
  • a hydride reducing agent such as LAH or sodium bis-(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminum hydride (Red-AlTM)
  • the resulting compounds of formula 93 are then reacted with POCI 3 in an organic solvent such as DMF or methylene chloride, for example, at ambient temperature for a period of from 6-20 hours in order to prepare directly the compounds of formula 94.
  • the cyano compounds of formula 94 are converted to esters of formula 95 by treatment with anhydrous ethanolic HCl foliowed by treatment with H 2 O.
  • the ester compounds of formula 95 are then reduced to the aldehyde compounds of formula 96 by reaction with lithium aluminum hydride in THF at reduced temperatures for 0.5 -2 hours, followed by reaction with oxalyl chloride and DMSO in the presence of triethyl amine at -78°C for 0.25- 1.0 hours.
  • the compounds of formula 96 are reacted with with a malonic acid diester, such as diethyl malonate, dibenzyl malonate, t-butyl malonate or di-t-butyl malonate, in the presence of a suitable base such as piperidine and a catalytic amount of an acid, such as acetic acid or sulfuric acid, in a polar solvent, such as ethanol, followed by isolation of the intemediate compounds of formula 97 with subsequent treatment thereof by heating in a polar, high-boliing solvent such as DMF or DMSO at reflux temperature or in Dowtherm ATM for a period of from 0.5 to 4 hours to form the pyridopyrimidine compounds of formula 98.
  • a malonic acid diester such as diethyl malonate, dibenzyl malonate, t-butyl malonate or di-t-butyl malonate
  • a suitable base such as piperidine
  • a catalytic amount of an acid such as
  • trifluoropyridine ether of formula 90 is reacted with a suitable strong base, for example, LDA, preferrably at a temperature below 0°C and convenientyly at -78°C, in an inert solvent such as THF, for example.
  • a suitable strong base for example, LDA
  • THF inert solvent
  • the anion thus generated is then reacted with an alkyl borate, such as, for example, trimethylborate or triethylborate, foliowed by oxidation with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of base such as sodium hydroxide in situ to give the compound of formula 100, wherein R' is lower alkyl.
  • Compound 100 is then alkylated with a suitable alkylating agent, such as an alkyl iodide or alkyl sulfate, for example methyl sulfate or ethyl iodide or the like, in the presence of a base such as sodium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, lithium carbonate, or the like, in a polar solvent, such as acetone, ethanol, DMF, THF, or the like, within a temperature range of room temperature to reflux temperature of the solvent, to give the compound of formula 101.
  • a suitable alkylating agent such as an alkyl iodide or alkyl sulfate, for example methyl sulfate or ethyl iodide or the like
  • a base such as sodium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, lithium carbonate, or the like
  • a polar solvent such as acetone, ethanol, DMF, THF, or the like
  • compound 101 can be obtained by treating compound 100 with an alcohol of the formula R 7 OH, wherein R 7 is as described above, triphenylphosphine and diethyldiazocarboxylate in a solvent such as THF at a temperature in the range of 0°C to room temperture.
  • Compound 103 is then reacted with hydrazine at a temperature in the range of room temperature to reflux temperature, and in a solvent such as methanol, iso-propanol, ether, or the like, foliowed by bubbling air through the solution of the intermediate in a solvent such as benzene of toluene, in the presence of a base such as sodium hydroxide to give to compound of formula 104.
  • a solvent such as methanol, iso-propanol, ether, or the like
  • the pentafluoropyridine of formula 102 is dissolved in a solvent, such as for example, THF or methylene chloride, and reacted with a cyclic amine of the formula R 2 H, wherein R 2 is as defined above, or, when R 2 is substituted with a reactive group such as an amino group, a cyclic amine with suitably protected reactive substituents, in the presence iof a suitable base, such as a tertiary amine, such as for example triethylamine, at a temperature in the range of 0°C to room temperature.
  • a solvent such as for example, THF or methylene chloride
  • the reactant of formula 106 wherein R 16 is as defined above and TBS represents a tributylsliyl group, is generated from the corresponding iodide starting material by reaction with t-butyl lithium in ether at -78°C, and is reacted with compound 105 in a solvent such as THF or ether at -78°C to give the compound of formula 107.
  • the protecting TBS group is removed from compound 107 by reaction with tetrabutylammonium fluoride in THF at room temperature to give the compound of formula 108.
  • the trifluoro compound 108 is converted into the difluoro compound 109 by reacting compound 108 with hydrazine at reflux temperature in a solvent such as ether, propanol, or methoxymethyl ether, followed by treatment of an intermediate hydrazino product with CuSO 4 in a solvent such as methanol, ethanol, or toluene, or alternately by reaction with air in the presence of a base such as NaOH.
  • the monocyclic compound 109 is then converted into the bicyclic compound of formula 110 by reaction with NaH at reflux temperature in a solvent such as dioxane or THF.
  • Compound 110 is then treated with a strong base, such as LDA at -78°C, for example, and condensed with diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate to give an intermediate product which is cyclized in the presence of a base such as DBU or piperidine/acetic acid, in a solvent such a ethanol or aqueous THF, at a temperature from room temperature to 60°C, to give the tricyclic ester of formula 111.
  • the ester 111 is hydrolyzed to the acid of formula 112 with an alkali metal hydroxide in aqueous THF, for example. Any protecting groups remaining onthe R 2 or R16 groups may conveniently be removed at this point to give the desired compound of Formula I.
  • methoxymethyl ether foliowed by treatment of an intermediate hydrazino product with CuSO 4 in a solvent such as methanol, ethanol, or toluene, or alternately by reaction with air in the presence of a base such as NaOH.
  • the monocyclic compound 114 is then converted into the bicyclic compound of formula 115 by reaction with NaH at reflux temperature in a solvent such as dioxane or THF.
  • Compound 115 is then treated with a strong base, such as LDA at -78°C, for example, and condensed with diethyl
  • ethoxymethylenemalonate to give an intermediate product which is cyclized in the presence of a base such as DBU or piperidine/acetic acid, in a solvent such a ethanol or aqueous THF, at a temperature from room temperature to 60°C, to give the tricyclic ester of formula 116.
  • the protecting t-butoxy group is removed from compounds 116 by reaction with an acid, such as HCl or trifluoroacetic acid at room temperature, and optionally in a suitable solvent, such as methylene chloride or dioxane to give compound s 117.
  • Compounds of formula 125 are then cyclized to compounds of formula 126 by reaction with Br(CH 2 ) n B(CH 2 ) m Br or I(CH 2 ) n B(CH 2 ) m I or R b substituted iodide or bromide, for example, wherein B is CH 2 , N, O or S, in the presence of a base such as NaH and in a solvent such as DMF, DMSO, or the like, at room temperature or elevated temperature.
  • Sodium hydride (4.36 g of 60% NaH in mineral oil, 107.6 mmol) was suspended, under a nitrogen atmosphere, in 125 mL of anhydrous diethyl ether in a 500 mL round-bottom flask fitted with a mechanical stirrer, a thermometer and a condenser. To this mixture, with vigorous stirring, was slowly added 6.28 mL (107.6 mmol) of anhydrous ethyl alcohol. After the evolution of gas ceased, a mixture of ethyl 2- fluoroacetate (10 mL, 102.5 mmol) and ethyl formate (12.5 mL, 153.7 mmol) was added, dropwise, to the ethoxide solution.
  • the reaction mixture was cooled when necessary in order to maintain the reaction temperature between 18°C and 20°C.
  • the reaction mixture was stirred, under a nitrogen atmosphere, at 18-20°C for 4.75 hours.
  • the solvent was removed under aspirator pressure, fresh anhydrous diethyl ether was added to the residue and the ether solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford, as a solid residue, the sodium enolate of ethyl 2-fluoro-3-oxo-2-propanecarboxylate, as described by E.Elikik and M. Imbeaux-Oudotte in Bull Soc Chim, 1165-1169, 1975.
  • Step 3 5-Fluoro-2-(4-fluorobenzyl)-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-pyrimidine
  • a mixture of 0.48 g (2 mmol) of 4-chloro-5-fluoro-2-(4-fluorobenzyl)-pyrimidine from Step 2 and 1.53 mL (14 mmol) of 4-methylpiperazine in 10 mL of methylene chloride was stirred at ambient temperature for 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in methylene chloride.
  • Step 4 Diethyl 2-ethoxy-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-[5-fluoro-4- (4-methvpiperazin-1-yl)pyrimidin-2-yll-propane-1,1-dicarboxylate
  • a solution of 0.35 mL (2.5 mmol) of diisopropylamine in 5 mL of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (THF) was prepared under a nitrogen atmosphere and cooled in an ice/water bath.
  • THF anhydrous tetrahydrofuran
  • To this solution was added via syringe, 1.0 mL of a 2.5 M solution of n- butyllithium (2.5 mmol) in hexane. The solution was stirred for 15 minutes at 0°C and then cooled to -78°C.
  • reaction mixture was poured into 30 mL of water, with 6 g of solid ammonium chloride.
  • the aqueous mixture was extracted with 4 X 50 mL of methylene chloride.
  • the combined organic extract was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in 300 mL of methylene chloride.
  • Step 5 Ethyl 3-fluoro-9-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)
  • the layers were separated and the organic layer was dliuted with 75 mL of methylene chloride and washed with 20 mL of water. The aqueous layer was extracted with 25 mL of methylene chloride and the methylene chloride layer from this extraction was combined with the organic layer. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated.
  • the solid was purified by chromatography on a 70-230 mesh sliica gel column (1.8 X 18.5 cm) eluted with chloroform:methanol:acetic acid:water (100:25:5:2.5 v/v/v/v). The fractions containing the desired product were combined and concentrated. Toluene was added to the residue and evaporated in vacuo. Chloroform was then added to the residue and evaporated in vacuo to afford the title compound as a yeliow solid, m.p.
  • Step 3 Ethyl 3-fluoro-9-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)- 6H-6-oxo-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-7-carbox ylate
  • Step 4 Benzyl 3-fluoro-9-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)- 6H-6-oxo-pyrido[1,2-a] pyrimidine-7-carboxylate
  • the layers were separated and the organic layer was dliuted with 75 mL of methylene chloride and washed with 20 mL of water. The aqueous layer was extracted with 25 mL of methylene chloride and the methylene chloride layer from this extraction was combined with the organic layer. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, flitered and concentrated.
  • Step 5 3-Fluoro-9-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)- 6H-6-oxo-pyrido[1,2-a] pyrimidine-7-carboxylic acid
  • the solid was purified by chromatography on a 70-230 mesh sliica gel column (1.8 X 18.5 cm) eluted with chloroform:methanol:acetic acid:water (100:25:5:2.5 v/v/v/v). The fractions containing the desired product were combined and concentrated. Toluene was added to the residue and evaporated in vacuo. Chloroform was then added to the residue and evaporated in vacuo to afford the title compound as a yellow solid, m.p.
  • Examples 3-20 as disclosed in Table 1, may be prepared which have the general formula
  • Examples 21-38 as also disclosed in Table 1, may be prepared by using the appropriate amine and 2,4-difluorobenzylamidine instead of 4-fluoro- benzylamidine to produce the general formula
  • the cyclopropylacetic acid (15 g, 150 mmol) in a flask protected from moisture is cooled in an ice bath and 13.2 mL (180 mmol) of thionyl chloride is added dropwise with stirring. After the addition is complete, the reaction mixture is warmed to ambient temperature and then to 50°C. The reaction mixture is heated at 50°C for 1 hour and then cooled in an ice bath. Absolute ethanol (26 mL, 450 mmol) is added dropwise with stirring to the reaction mixture. After the addition is complete, the reaction mixture is stirred at ambient temperature overnight. The reaction mixture is diluted with 500 mL of methylene chloride and then washed with 200 mL of 5% aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic layer is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and the ethyl ester of cyclopropylacetic acid is obtained by distillation.
  • 2-Cyclopropyl-3-hydroxyacrylic acid (12.8 g, 100 mmol), from Step 1, is dissolved in 150 mL of dry dimethoxyethane in an oven-dried system under positive nitrogen atmosphere.
  • the resultant solution is cooled in an ice bath and 4.4 g of 60% sodium hydride in mineral oli is added.
  • the mixture is stirred for several hours at approximately 0°C and then for several hours at ambient temperature.
  • the reaction mixture is cooled in an ice bath and 8.9 mL (110 mmol) of ethyl formate in 90 mL of dry dimethoxyethane is added dropwise with stirring. After the addition is complete, the reaction mixture is sti ⁇ ed overnight at ambient temperature.
  • a solution of 11.5 (88 mmol) of monoethyl malonate monoamide in 25 mL of dry THF is cooled in an ice bath and is treated with 10.7 g (95 mmol) of potassium t-butoxide.
  • the reaction mixture is stirred at 0-5 °C for 1 hour.
  • a solution of 12.5 g (80 mmol) of 2- cyclopropyl-3-hydroxyacryliic acid, from Step 1, in 20 mL of dry THF is added dropwise with stirring.
  • the reaction mixture is then warmed to ambient temperature and then heated at reflux overnight.
  • the reaction mixture is poured into brine and is extracted with ethyl acetate.
  • the organic layer is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the title compound.
  • Ethyl 5-Cyclopropyl-2,6-dichloro-nicotinic acid (11.2 g, 50 mmol) from Step 3 is dissolved in 15 mL of anhydrous DMF. To this solution is added 25 mL of concentrated ammonium hydroxide and the reaction mixture is heated at reflux overnight. The reaction mixture is cooled to ambient temperature, dliuted with water and extracted with 1 ,2- dichloroethane. The organic layer is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is dissolved in 250 mL of 1,2-dichloroethane and 200 mL of 10% aqueous sodium carbonate solution.
  • Step 6 2-Chloro-5-cyclopropyl-6- N-((4,5dimethoxy-2-nitro-phenyl)methoxy- carbonyl)-N-(2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-1-oxo-1-prop-2-enyl)amino-nicotinic acid
  • Step 7 Ethyl 9-cyclopropyl-1-((4,5dimethoxy-2-nitro-phenyl)methoxycarbonyl)3- fluoro-2-hydroxy-6H-6-oxo-pyrido[1,2-a] pyrimidine-7-carboxylate
  • Step 7 The residue is purified by silica gel chromatography to afford the product of Step 7 with the nitrogen protecting group removed.
  • This product is dissolved in 1,2-dichloroethane and tretaed with phosphorous oxychloride at ambient temperature for 18 hours.
  • the reaction mixture is dliuted with 1,2-dichloroethane and is washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and brine.
  • the organic layer is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford crude title compound which is purified by recrystallization from ethyl alcohol.
  • Step 9 Ethyl 9-cyclopropyl-3-fluoro-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)- 6H-6-oxo-pyrido[1,2-a] pyrimidine-7-carboxylic acid
  • Step 10 9-Cyclopropyl-3-fluoro-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)- 6H-6-oxo-pyrido[1,2-a] pyrimidine-7-carboxylic acid
  • Examples 40-57 By foliowing the procedures described in Example 39 and replacing 4- methylpiperazine in Step 4 with the appropriate amine, Examples 40 - 57 may be prepared as disclosed in Table 2 wherein the compounds have the general formula
  • Step 1 4-Chloro-2-picoline To 34.5 mL (0.37 mol) of phosphorus oxychloride, under a nitrogen atmosphere, was added 20.0 g (0.19 mol) of 2-picoline-N-oxide (commercialiy avaliable from Aldrich Chemical Company) in small portions. The reaction temperature slowly increased during the addition to ⁇ 60°C. After the addition was complete, the reaction mixture was a homogeneous dark red solution and the reaction temperature was 80°C. This solution was heated at 120°C for 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure in order to remove most of the phosphorus oxychloride and the concentrate was poured into ice water.
  • 2-picoline-N-oxide commercialiy avaliable from Aldrich Chemical Company
  • the aqueous mixture was allowed to stand for 2 hours at ambient temperature and then was extracted with diethyl ether. The ether extract was discarded. The aqueous layer was adjusted to pH 8.0 with potassium carbonate and then extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic extract was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, flitered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The liquid concentrate was distilled to afford 8.737 g of a mixture of the title compound and the isomeric 6-chloro-2-picoline as a clear colorless liquid, b.p. 70°C (25 mm Hg). This product was combined with another sample of the same mixture prepared separately by the same procedure. The isomeric products were inseparable by distillation.
  • the combined products (12.905 g) were dissolved in 750 mL of ethyl alcohol.
  • the precipitate was removed by filtration and dissolved in water.
  • the resultant aqueous solution was adjusted to neutral pH with sodium bicarbonate and then extracted with methylene chloride.
  • the organic extract was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 7.487 g of the title compound.
  • Step 2 Diethyl 2-ethoxy-3-(5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)-propane-1,1-dicarboxylate Lithium dlisopropylamide (LDA: 16 mL of a 1.5 M solution in hexane) was added to 8 mL of dry THF, under a nitrogen atmosphere, and the resultant solution was cooled to -70°C in a isopropyl alcohol/dry ice bath. To the cooled solution of LDA, was added dropwise, over a 30 minute period, a solution of 2.5 g (19.6 mmol) of 4-chloro-2- picoline, from Step 1, in 20 mL of dry THF. The solution turned a very dark red color.
  • LDA Lithium dlisopropylamide
  • Ethyl 8-chloro-4H-quinolizin-4-one-3-carboxylate (1.0 g, 3.97 mmol), from Step 3, was dissolved in 20 mL of dry pyridine under a nitrogen atmosphere. To the resultant solution was added a solution of 1.85 g (9.92 mmol) of 3-(N-t- butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine in 5 mL of dry pyridine and the reaction mixture was heated at 70°C for 4.5 hours. The reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo in order to remove all of the pyridine.
  • 3-Amino-1-benzylpyrrolidine (I. Sumio and T. Matsuo, Japanese Kokai JP 5328161, published March 16, 1978) is coupled to N-t-butoxycarbonyl norvaline (Boc- n Val) using conventional N-hydroxysuccinimide coupling procedures.
  • the 1-benzyl group is removed by hydrogenolysis in methanol using paliadium on carbon catalyst.
  • the 3-(N- Boc-norvalyl)aminopyrrolidine is then reacted with ethyl 8-chloro-4H-quinolizin-4-one-3- carboxylate, the product of Step 3 of Example 58, as described in Step 4 of Example 58, replacing 3-(N-t-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine with 3-(N-Boc- norvalyl)aminopyrrolidine, to give 8-(3-(N-norvalyl)amino-pyrrolidinyl)-4H-quinolizin-4- one-3-carboxylic acid with the nitrogen of the amino acid protected with a Boc group.
  • the Boc protecting group is removed by standard hydrolysis using trifluoroacetic acid and dliute aqueous hydrochloric acid.
  • amino acids which can be coupled include naturaliy occurring amino acids such as glycine, alanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, phenylalanine, valine, and the like, as well as synthetic amino acids such as cyclohexylala.nine, cyclohexylglycine, aminopentanoic acid, and the like.
  • Step 1 Ethyl 8-chloro-4H-quinolizin-4-one-3-carboxylate 35 mL of Dowtherm A® in a 3-neck flask equipped with a thermometer, an addition funnel and an air-cooled condenser was heated to 230-235°C, under positive nitrogen pressure, using a heating mantel.
  • a solution of 2.7 g (7.85 mmol) of diethyl 2- ethoxy-3-(5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)-propane-1,1-dicarboxylate, the product of Step 2 of Example 58, in 45 mL of Dowtherm A® was added, dropwise over a 1.5 hours period, through the addition funnel to the heated stirring Dowtherm A®.
  • the resultant solution was heated at ⁇ 200°C for 40 minutes and then was cooled to ambient temperature.
  • the black-green-colored solution was then poured into 600 mL of hexane and a precipitate formed.
  • the precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with 2 X 150 mL of hexane and dried to afford 1.15 g (58% yield) of the title compound, m.p. 153-154°C.
  • Ethyl 8-chloro-4H-quinolizin-4-one-3-carboxylate (125 mg, 0.5 mmol) was suspended in 5 mL of 0.5 N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The reaction mixture was heated to 65°C and 2 mL of THF was added. After the reaction mixture was stirred at 65°C for 1 hour, the THF was distilled from the mixture. Stirring was continued for 2 hours at 65°C and then the reaction mixture was allowed to cool to ambient temperature. The aqueous mixture was adjusted to pH 2 with 3 mL of 1.0 N aqueous hydrochloric acid solution and diluted with 10 mL of water.
  • the precipitate was coliected by filtration, washed with 2 X 15 mL of water and dried in vacuo to afford 100 mg (89% yield) of the title compound, m.p. 229-230°C.
  • the product was recrystaliized from ethyl alcohol and dried in vacuo to afford 50 mg (44.5% yield) of the title compound, m.p.
  • Ethyl 8-chloro-4H-quinolizin-4-one-3-carboxylate (755 mg, 3.0 mmol), the product of Step 3 of Example 58, was suspended in 12 mL of dry pyridine under a nitrogen atmosphere. To the resultant solution was added 6.0 mL (6.0 mmol) of N- methylpiperazine and the reaction mixture was heated at 70°C for 8 hours. The reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo in order to remove ali of the pyridine. The dry residue (3.124 g) was dissolved in 125 mL of methylene chloride and the methylene chloride solution was washed with 125 mL of saturated sodium chloride solution (brine).
  • the aqueous solution was concentrated in vacuo to remove ⁇ 80% of the water and the concentrate was dliuted with 50 mL of 95% ethyl alcohol.
  • the solid was coliected by filtration, washed with 2 X 5 mL of ethyl alcohol and dried in vacuo to afford the desired product.
  • the product was
  • Ethyl 8-chloro-1-ethyl-4H-quinolizin-4-one-3-carboxylate (1.20 g, 4.3 mmol), from Step 3, was dissolved, under a nitrogen atmosphere, in 15 mL of dry pyridine.
  • To the resultant solution was added 1.04 g (5.59 mmol) of 3-(N-t-butoxycarbonylamino- pyrrolidine) and 1.8 mL (12.9 mmol) of dry triethylamine and the reaction mixture was heated at 60°C for 12 hours. The reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo in order to remove all of the pyridine.
  • Ethyl alcohol (4 mL) was added to the dry residue.
  • the 3-(N- Boc-alanyl)aminopyrrolidine is then reacted with ethyl 8-chloro-1-ethyl-4H-quinolizin-4- one-3-carboxylate, the product of Step 3 of Example 62, as described in Step 4 of Example 62 replacing 3-(N-t-butoxycarbonylaminopyrrolidine) with 3-(N-Boc- alanyl)aminopyrrolidine, to give 8-(3-(N-alanyl)amino-pyrrolidinyl)-4H-quinolizin-4-one- 3-carboxylic acid with the nitrogen of the amino acid protected with a Boc group.
  • the Boc protecting group is removed by standard hydrolysis using trifluoroacetic acid and dliute aqueous hydrochloric acid.
  • amino acids which can be coupled include naturally occurring amino acids such as glycine, alanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, phenylalanine, valine, and the like, as weli as synthetic amino acids such as cyclohexylalanine, cyclohexylglycine, aminopentanoic acid, and the like.
  • Ethyl 8-chloro-1-ethyl-4H-quinolizin-4-one-3-carboxylate (558 mg, 2.0 mmol), the product of Step 3 of Example 62, was dissolved in 10 mL of dry pyridine under a nitrogen atmosphere. To the resultant solution was added 600 mg (6.0 mmol) of 2- methylpiperazine and the stirred reaction mixture was heated at 65°C for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was aliowed to cool to ambient temperature and then concentrated in vacuo in order to remove ali of the pyridine. The residue was dissolved in 60 mL of methylene chloride and the methylene chloride solution was washed with 60 mL of water.
  • Ethyl 8-chloro-1-ethyl-4H-quinolizin-4-one-3-carboxylate (279 mg, 1.0 mmol), the product of Step 3 of Example 62, was dissolved in 5 mL of dry pyridine under a nitrogen atmosphere. To the resultant solution was added 2 mL (2.0 mmol) of N- methylpiperazine and the stirred reaction mixture was heated at 85°C for 2.5 hours. The reaction mixture was aliowed to cool to ambient temperature and then concentrated in vacuo in order to remove ali of the pyridine. The residue was dissolved in 50 mL of methylene chloride and the methylene chloride solution was washed with 50 mL of 5% aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution.
  • Step 1 2-(5-Nitro-2-pyridyl)-1,3-propanedicarboxylate
  • Sodium hydride (20.2 g of NaH suspended in hexane, 0.504 mol) was suspended, under a nitrogen atmosphere, in 600 mL of anhydrous THF in a 3-neck 2 L round-bottom flask equiped with an addition funnel and a mechanical stirrer. The suspension was cooled to 0°C in an ice bath. A solution of 71.8 mL (0.473 mol) of diethyl malonate in 60 mL of anhydrous THF was added dropwise to the sodium hydride suspension over a 1 hour period.
  • the resultant solution was poured onto 1 kg of ice and the aqueous mixture was adjusted to a pH within the range pH 10 - 12 with 50% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.
  • the precipitate was filtered and dissolved in ethyl acetate.
  • the ethyl acetate solution was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to a solid residue. The residue was washed with hexane.
  • Step 3 5-Amino-2-picoline
  • 5-nitro-2-picoline 45.86, 0.332 mol
  • Step 6 5-Fluoro-4-nitro-2-picoline-N-oxide
  • the reaction was carried out in a flask vented to a gas scrubber containing aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.
  • the product of Step 5 5-fluoro-2-picoline-N-oxide (1.0 g, 7.86 mmol) was cooled to 0°C and concentrated sulfuric acid (4.2 mL) was slowly added, with stirring. Solid potassium nitrate (1.27 g, 12.5 mmol) was then added to this mixture at 0°C, in smali portions over a 45 minute period.
  • the reaction mixture was aliowed to warm to ambient temperature and was stirred at ambient temperature for 1 hour.
  • Diisopropylamine (924 ⁇ L, 6.59 mmol) was dissolved in 9 mL of dry THF and the resultant solution was cooled to 0°C in an ice bath.
  • n-Butyliithium (3.07 mL of a 2.05 M solution in THF, 6.29 mmol) was added via syringe to the amine solution and the resultant solution was stirred for 30 minutes at 0°C.
  • the lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) solution was then cooled to -50°C in an isopropyl alcohol/dry ice bath.
  • reaction was then quenched by pouring the reaction solution into 60 mL of 10% aqueous ammonium chloride solution.
  • aqueous mixture was extracted with 2 X 50 mL of methylene chloride.
  • the combined organic extract was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo and the residue was distiliedto afford the title compound, b.p.
  • Example 67 By foliowing the procedures described in Example 67 and replacing 4-chloro-5- fluoro-2-picoline (the product of Example 66) with 4-chloro-5-fluoro-2-propyl-pyridine (the product of Example 70), the title compound can be prepared.
  • the titie compound can be prepared.
  • Example 76 By following the procedures described in Step 2 of Example 62 and in Example 65 and replacing 4-chloropicoline with 4-chloro-5-fluoro-picoline (the product of Example 66), and replacing N-methylpiperazine with 2-methylpiperazine, the title compound can be prepared.
  • Example 76
  • Example 79 Foliowing the procedures described in Step 2 of Example 62 and in Example 65, replacing 4-chloropicoline with 3,4-dichloro-5-fluoropicoline (the product of Example 67), and replacing N-methylpiperazine with 2-methylpiperazine, the title compound is prepared.
  • Example 79
  • Example 80 Following the procedures described in Example 62, replacing 4-chloropicoline with 3,4-dichloro-5-fluoropicoline (the product of Example 67), the title compound is prepared.
  • Example 80 Following the procedures described in Example 62, replacing 4-chloropicoline with 3,4-dichloro-5-fluoropicoline (the product of Example 67), the title compound is prepared.
  • Example 80
  • Example 69 Following the procedures described in Example 62, replacing 4-chloropicoline with 4-chloro-3,5-difluoropicoline (the product of Example 69), the title compound is prepared.
  • Example 66 and replacing ethyl iodide with cyclopropyl iodide, the title compound is prepared.
  • Example 92 Following the procedures described in Example 62, replacing 4-chloropicoline with 3,4-dichloro-5-fluoropicoline (the product of Example 67) and replacing ethyl iodide with cyclopropyl iodide, the title compound is prepared.
  • Example 92 Following the procedures described in Example 62, replacing 4-chloropicoline with 3,4-dichloro-5-fluoropicoline (the product of Example 67) and replacing ethyl iodide with cyclopropyl iodide, the title compound is prepared.
  • Example 92 Following the procedures described in Example 62, replacing 4-chloropicoline with 3,4-dichloro-5-fluoropicoline (the product of Example 67) and replacing ethyl iodide with cyclopropyl iodide, the title compound is prepared.
  • Example 62 Foliowing the procedures described in Example 62, replacing 4-chloropicoline with 3-bromo-4-chloro-5-fluoropicotine (the product of Example 68) and replacing ethyl iodide with cyclopropyl iodide, the title compound is prepared.
  • Example 96 Foliowing the procedures described in Steps 1 and 2 of Example 62, replacing 4- chloropicoline with 4-chloro-3,5-difluoropicoline (the product of Example 69) and replacing ethyl iodide with cyclopropyl iodide, and the procedures described in Example 65, the title compound is prepared.
  • Example 96
  • Example 62 Following the procedures described in Example 62, replacing 4-chloropicoline with 4-chloro-3,5-difluoropicoline (the product of Example 69) and replacing ethyl iodide with cyclopropyl iodide, the title compound is prepared.
  • Lithium dlisopropylamide (LDA: 16 mL of a 1.5 M solution in hexane) is added to 8 mL of dry THF, under a nitrogen atmosphere, and the resultant solution is cooled to -70°C in a isopropyl alcohol/dry ice bath.
  • LDA Lithium dlisopropylamide
  • the aqueous mixture is extracted with methylene chloride and the organic extract is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue is purified by chromatography on a sliica gel column to afford the title compound.
  • Step 6 Ethyl 8-chloro-7-fluoro-1-methylamino-4H-quinolizin-4-one-3-carboxylate 80 mL of Dowtherm A® in a 3-neck flask equipped with a thermometer, an addition funnel and an air-cooled condenser is heated to 235°C, under nitrogen, using a heating mantel. A solution of 3.9 g (12.4 mmol) of diethyl 2-ethoxy-3-(5-fluoropyridin-2- yl)-3-methylamino-propane-1,1-dicarboxylate, from Step 5, in 45 mL of Dowtherm A® is added, dropwise over a 1.5 hours period, through the addition funnel to the heated stirring Dowtherm A®.
  • Ethyl 8-chloro-7-fluoro-1-methylamino-4H-quinolizin-4-one-3-carboxylate (899 mg, 3.0 mmol), the product of Step 6, is suspended in 12 mL of dry pyridine under a nitrogen atmosphere. To the resultant solution is added 6.0 mL (6.0 mmol) of N- methylpiperazine and the reaction mixture is heated at 70°C for 8 hours. The reaction mixture is then concentrated in vacuo in order to remove ali of the pyridine. The dry residue is dissolved in 125 mL of methylene chloride and the methylene chloride solution is washed with 125 mL of brine.
  • the THF is removed from the reaction mixture by distiliation during the reaction.
  • the concentrated reaction mixture is cooled to ambient temperature and adjusted to pH 2.0 with 10.5 mL of 1 N aqueous hydrochloric acid solution.
  • the aqueous solution is concentrated in vacuo to remove -80% of the water and the concentrate is diluted with 50 mL of 95% ethyl alcohol.
  • the solid is coliected by filtration, washed with 2 X 5 mL of ethyl alcohol and dried in vacuo to afford the desired product.
  • Examples 99-116 are prepared as disclosed in Table 3 wherein the compounds have the general formula
  • Example 98 By foliowing the procedures described in Example 98 and replacing 4-chloro-5- fluoro-2-picoline (the product of Example 66) with 4-chloro-3,5-difluoro-2-picoline (the product of Example 69), the titie compound is prepared.
  • Examples 118-135 are prepared as disclosed in Table 4 wherein the compounds have the general formula
  • 2,3,4,5,6-Pentafluoropyridine (commercialiy avaliable from Aldich Chemical Co.) is oxidized to the corresponding N-oxide foliowing the procedures described in Step 6 of Example 66.
  • the 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoropyridine N-oxide is treated at ambient temperature with one equivalent of methylmagnesium iodide in diethyl ether as described by F. Binns and H. Suschitsky in Chemical Communications, 750-751 (1970) and J Chem Soc (C), 1223-1231 (1771).
  • the reaction mixture is treated with aqueous ammonium chloride and extracted with diethyl ether.
  • reaction mixture is stirred at -60°C for 0.5 hours, the cooling bath is allowed to slowly (1.5 hours) warm to -30°C.
  • the reaction mixture is poured into cold brine and the aqueous mixture is extracted with methylene chloride. The organic extract is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is distilled to afford the titie compound.
  • a solution of 12.6 mL (89.9 mmol) of diisopropylamine in 20 mL of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (THF) is prepared under a nitrogen atmosphere and cooled in an ice/water bath.
  • THF anhydrous tetrahydrofuran
  • To this solution is added, dropwise over a 30 minute period, 36 mL of a 2.5 M solution of n-butyliithium (90 mmol) in hexane. The solution is stirred for 30 minutes at 0°C and then cooled to -60°C.
  • Step 5 Ethyl 1-ethyl-8-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-6,7,9- trifluoro-4H-quinolizin-4-one-3-carboxylate
  • Ethyl 8-chloro-1-ethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrafluoro-4H-quinolizin-4-one-3-carboxylate (317 mg, 1.0 mmol), from Step 4, is dissolved in 5 mL of dry pyridine under a nitrogen atmosphere. To the resultant solution is added 2 mL (2.0 mmol) of N-methylpiperazine and the stirred reaction mixture is heated at 85°C for 2.5 hours. The reaction mixture is aliowed to cool to ambient temperature and then concentrated in vacuo in order to remove ali of the pyridine. The residue is dissolved in 50 mL of methylene chloride and the methylene chloride solution is washed with 50 mL of 5% aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution.
  • Ethyl 6,7,8,9-tetrafluoro-1-ethyl-4H-quinolizin-4-one-3-carboxylate (1.26 g, 3.97 mmol), from Step 3 of Example 136, is dissolved in 20 mL of dry pyridine under a nitrogen atmosphere. To the resultant solution is added a solution of 1.85 g (9.92 mmol) of 3-(N-t-butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine in 5 mL of dry pyridine and the reaction mixture is heated at 70°C for 4.5 hours. The reaction mixture is then concentrated in vacuo in order to remove all of the pyridine. The dry residue (3.124 g) is purified by
  • the mixture is flitered and the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure to afford crude ethyl 8-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-ethyl-6,7,9- trifluoro-4H-quinolizin-4-one-3-carboxylate as a residue.
  • the residue is dissolved in 5 mL of THF and 11 mL of a 1 M aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide is added.
  • the reaction mixture is heated at 60°C for 1 hour and then the reaction temperature is increased to 85°C in order to evaporate the THF.
  • the concentrated reaction solution is diluted with 20 mL of water and the pH of the resultant solution is adjusted to 0 with concentrated hydrochloric acid.
  • the aqueous solution is concentrated in vacuo.
  • the residue is crystallized from ethyl alcoholasopropyl alcohobwater (4:4: 1 v/v/v) and recrystallized from ethyl alcohol/water to
  • the 3-(N- Boc-norvalyl)aminopyrrolidine is then reacted with ethyl 6,7,8,9-tetrafluoro-1-ethyl-4H- quinolizin-4-one-3-carboxylate, as described in Step 1 of Example 137, replacing 3-(N-t- butoxycarbonylamino)pyrrolidine with 3-(N-Boc-norvalyl)aminopyrrolidine, to give 1- ethyl-8-(3-(N-norvalyl)amino-pyrrolidinyl)-4H-quinolizin-4-one-3-carboxylic acid with the nitrogen of the amino acid protected with a Boc group.
  • the Boc protecting group is removed by standard hydrolysis using trifluoroacetic acid and dilute aqueous hydrochloric acid.
  • amino acids which can be coupled include naturaliy occurring amino acids such as glycine, alanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, phenylalanine, valine, and the like, as weli as synthetic amino acids such as cyclohexylalanine, cyclohexylglycine, aminopentanoic acid, and the like.
  • Examples 139-155 are prepared as disclosed in Table 5 in which the compounds have the general formula
  • a solution of 12.8 g (150 mmol) of 2-chloro-1-propanol is dissolved in 200 mL of acetone.
  • To the resultant solution are added 40 g of anhydrous ferric chloride and 30 g (200 mmol) of sodium iodide.
  • the reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 24 hours and then filtered to remove sodium chloride.
  • the solvent is evaporated to afford the corresponding 2-iodo-1-propanol.
  • the iodo alcohol is dissolved in 200 mL of methylene chloride and is treated with 20.5 mL (225 mmol) of 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran and 50 mg of p- toluenesulfonic acid.
  • reaction mixture is stirtred at room temperature for several hours and then poured into 200 mL of 5% aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution.
  • aqueous mixture is extracted with methylene chloride.
  • the methylene chloride solution is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the THP-protected 2-iodo-1-propanol.
  • a solution of 4-chloro-3,5-difluoro-2-methylpyridine (16.5 g, 100 mmol) in 150 mL of dry THF under a positive nitrogen atmosphere is treated with 73 mL of 1.5 M. lithium dusopropylamine (LDA) at -78°C.
  • LDA lithium dusopropylamine
  • a solution of 27.0 g (100 mmol) of the THP-protected l-iodo-2-propanol in 150 mL of THF is added dropwise with stirring.
  • the reaction mixture is stirred at -78°C for several hours and then is slowly warmed to -20°C.
  • reaction is quenched by pouring the reaction mixture into 400 mL of saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution.
  • the aqueous layer is separated and extracted with methylene chloride.
  • the combined organic layers are dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, flitered and concentrated under in vacuo to afford the title compound.
  • Step 1 The product of Step 1 is dissolved in 200 mL of 2: 1 THF:water and to this solution is added 6 mL of acetic acid. The reaction mixture is heated at 45°C for approximately 5 hours. The THF is removed under reduced pressure and the aqueous reaction mixture is adjusted to a pH in the range of 8 to 9 with 10% sodium carbonate and is then extracted with methylene chloride. The organic layer is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the title compound. Step 3. 8-Chloro-3,4-dihydro-7-fluoro-3-methyl-2H-pyrano[3,2-b]pyridine
  • Step 2 The product of Step 2 (15.5 g, 75 mmol) is dissolved in 100 mL of dry THF in an oven-dried system under positive nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction mixture is cooled in ice and 3.2 g (80 mmol) of 60% sodium hydride is added. The reaction mixture is warmed to room temperature and then heated at reflux temperature overnight with stirring. The reaction mixturte is cooled to room temperature and poured into brine. The aqueous mixture is extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer is dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, flitered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the titie compound.
  • Step 4 the product of Step 4 is heated in refluxing Dowtherm A® to afford the desired cyclized product.
  • Example 157 Foliowing the procedures described in Step 2 of Example 65, the tile compound is prepared.
  • reaction was diluted with 100 mL of anhydrous ethanol, 70 mL of ammonia in ethanol (4.17 M) was added slowly at room temperature and the reaction was stirred for 3 hours.
  • the reaction mixture was filtered to remove the ammonium chloride, and the solvent was removed to afford the title compound as a viscous off-white oil, which was taken directly to the next step.
  • the boc-protected t-butyl ester from Step 4 was hydrolyzed by reacting the 0.132 g sample with 1 mL of 4N HCl in dioxane under a dry N 2 atmosphere . The solvent was removed, the yellow solid was dissolved in water and the solution adjusted to pH 7-8, and extracted with methylene chloride. The reaction was incomplete at this point, so the solid was redissolved in 5 mL of trifluoroacetic acid and the reaction stirred at room temperature overnight. The solvent was removed by evaporation.
  • Step 2 2-(2,4-Difluorobenzyl)-5-fluoro-4-hydroxypyrimidine
  • Step 6 9-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)-3-fluoro-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)- 6H-6-oxopyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-7-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
  • a sample of the compound from Step 5 dissolved in 40 mL of anhydrous ethanol was added 1.5 mL of piperidine and 0.05 mL of acetic acid, and the reaction was heated at reflux conditions under a dry N 2 atmosphere for 3 hours. The solvent was removed by evaporation to leave a yeliow solid which was purified by column chromatography over silica gel, eluting with 0.5:10:100 28% aq.
  • Step 7 9-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)-3-fluoro-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)- 6H-6-oxopyrido[1,2-a] pyrimidine-7-carboxylic acid benzyl ester
  • Step 8 9-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)-3-fluoro-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)- 6H-6-oxopyrido[1,2-a] pyrimidine-7-carboxylic acid
  • Step 1 3-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)-2-ethoxy-3-(5-fluoro-4- hydroxypyrimidin-2-yl)propane-1,1-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester
  • 2-(2,4-Difluorobenzyl)-5-fluoro-4- hydroxypyrimidine prepared as described in Step 2 Example 159 above
  • the compound from Step 1 was dissolved in 80 ml of ethanol, 2 mL of piperidine and 0.2 mL of acetic acid was added and the mixture heated at reflux (bath temperature at 90°C) for 16 hours under a dry N 2 atmosphere. The solvent was removed by evaporation, and the residue was washed with methanol and methylene chloride to give 4.794 g of a pale yeliow solid. The washings were concentrated and the residue was purified by column chromatography on sliica gel, eluting with 2:10:100 acetic acid:methanol:methylene chloride to afford an additional 2.220 g of the title compound as a pale yeliow solid, mp 239-240°C.
  • Step 3 9-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)-3-fluoro-2-hydroxy-6H- 6-oxopyridol[1,2-a]pyrimidine-7-carboxylic acid benzyl ester
  • benzyl alcohol 0.70 mL of titanium tetraethoxide and the mixture heated with stirring at 100°C for 2.5 hours under a dry N 2 atmosphere.
  • the reaction was diluted with methylene chloride, then washed once with 1 N HCl and three times with water, and the solvent was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and removed by evaporation under vacuum to leave a yellow solid.

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Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à des composés antibactériens ayant la formule (I) et à des sels pharmaceutiquement acceptables, des esters et des amides de ceux-ci, dont les exemples préférés sélectionnés comprennent ces composés et dans lesquels A représente =CR6-; R1 représente cycloalkyle possédant de 3 à 8 atomes de carbone ou phényle substitué; R2 est sélectionné dans le groupe constitué par (a), (b), (c) et (d); R3 représente halogène; R4 représente hydrogène, alkyle inférieur, un cation pharmaceutiquement acceptable ou un groupe ester d'un promédicament; R5 représente hydrogène, alkyle inférieur, halo(alkyle inférieur) ou -NR?13R14; et R6¿ représente halogène, alkyle inférieur, halo(alkyle inférieur), alkyle inférieur substitué par hydroxy, alcoxy inférieur(alkyle inférieur), alcoxy inférieur ou amino(alkyle inférieur). L'invention se rapporte également à des compositions pharmaceutiques comprenant ces composés et à leur utilisation dans le traitement d'infections bactériennes.
PCT/US1996/008991 1995-06-06 1996-06-05 Composes de type quinolizinone WO1996039407A1 (fr)

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US6818787B2 (en) 2001-06-11 2004-11-16 Xenoport, Inc. Prodrugs of GABA analogs, compositions and uses thereof
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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MX9709416A (es) 1998-07-31
KR19990022524A (ko) 1999-03-25
CA2222322A1 (fr) 1996-12-12
JPH11510478A (ja) 1999-09-14
EP0871628A1 (fr) 1998-10-21
IL122296A0 (en) 1998-04-05
AU6153096A (en) 1996-12-24

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