WO1996035081A1 - Verfahren und feuerung zum verbrennen von abfällen - Google Patents
Verfahren und feuerung zum verbrennen von abfällen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996035081A1 WO1996035081A1 PCT/EP1996/001254 EP9601254W WO9635081A1 WO 1996035081 A1 WO1996035081 A1 WO 1996035081A1 EP 9601254 W EP9601254 W EP 9601254W WO 9635081 A1 WO9635081 A1 WO 9635081A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- secondary air
- nozzles
- blown
- flue gas
- grate
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
- F23L9/02—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel by discharging the air above the fire
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2202/00—Combustion
- F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
- F23G2202/106—Combustion in two or more stages with recirculation of unburned solid or gaseous matter into combustion chamber
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a furnace according to the preamble of claim 11.
- the flue gas flow is strongly deflected, in particular at the lower edge of the roof surface on the downward side.
- the flue gas draft is continuously vertical.
- the transition between the combustion chamber and the flue gas flue there is also a pronounced, albeit slightly smaller, redirection.
- EP 0579 987 A1 discloses a rotary kiln in which at least two primary air nozzles are directed towards one another and towards the fuel bed in such a way that two opposing vortices are generated in the rotary tube, the axes of rotation of which run essentially parallel to the axis of the rotary tube and about these axes of rotation turn so that they support the thermally induced movement of the fuel gases. Additional burners or mixed air nozzles are arranged in an afterburner chamber and aligned in such a way that the two opposite vortices emerging from the rotary tube are reinforced.
- the invention has for its object to improve a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a furnace according to the preamble of claim 11 so that each partial volume of the flue gas is at a sufficiently high temperature level during a prescribed dwell time.
- Figure 1 shows a direct current firing in longitudinal section
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the flue gas duct approximately at the level of the mouth opening
- FIG. 3 illustrates the arrangement of a nozzle in a perspective view.
- FIG. 4 shows another direct current combustion in longitudinal section
- FIG. 5 shows a cross section through the flue gas duct approximately at the level of the mouth opening for the furnace according to FIG. 4.
- the direct current furnace shown in FIG. 1 has a combustion chamber 1, a loading chute 2, a chute 3 and a grate 4 which extends from the chute 2 to the chute 3. It is designed as a roller grate and comprises a total of six rollers 5, the axes of which are arranged parallel to one another in an inclined plane inclined in the direction of the chute 3.
- the combustion chamber 1 is closed at the top by a roof-shaped combustion chamber ceiling 6.
- the roof edge 7 on the failure side is located above the end region of the grate 4.
- Devices 8 for supplying primary air are provided under the grate 4.
- Secondary air nozzles 9 penetrate several Place the combustion chamber ceiling 6. They are directed towards the main combustion zone, which is located in a wide area in the middle of the grate 4.
- the firebox 1 communicates with a flue gas duct 11 through an opening 10 above the chute 3 and the adjacent end region of the grate 4.
- the lower section of the flue gas duct 11 is designed as an oblique pull 12. It is inclined backwards in the direction of the feed chute 2. Its lower boundary wall is the roof surface of the combustion chamber ceiling 6 on the dropout side. In this respect, the firing corresponds to the state of the art.
- Additional nozzles 15.1 to 15.6 are attached to the rear wall 14 approximately at the height of the mouth opening 10 in a cross-sectional plane, which is symbolized in FIG. 1 by a broken line. They are illustrated in Figure 2 by pulse vectors.
- the direction of the pulse vector coincides with the blowing direction, the length is a measure of the size of the pulse with which the secondary air flow is blown in.
- the length should also be a measure of the size of the nozzle.
- the pulse vectors have the same length. This is intended to symbolically represent that all nozzles 15.1 to 15.6 are of the same size.
- the nozzle arrangement is mirror-symmetrical with respect to the vertical center plane 16, which divides the flue gas duct into two duct halves, to which the two cross-section halves 10a and 10b correspond in FIG.
- the central plane 16 is an imaginary plane, not a material partition.
- Figure 2 shows the horizontal components of the individual pulse vectors.
- the horizontal pulse components are aligned tangentially to circles 17.1 to 17.6 inscribed in the center of the cross-sectional halves. They therefore define a direction of rotation with respect to their center points Ma, Mb, symbolized by arrows 18a, 18b.
- the direction of rotation in cross-section half 10a is opposite to the direction of rotation in cross-section half 10b.
- the circles 17.1 to 173 or 17.4 to 17.6, which are assigned to the individual nozzles have different diameters.
- nozzles of a cross-sectional half tangentially are between approximately 0.15b and 0.4b.
- b is the width of the flue gas duct 11.
- the horizontal component points away from the central plane 16.
- the associated horizontal component is oriented at right angles to the rear wall 14, ie parallel to the side wall 19a. The same applies of course to the nozzle 15.6.
- the distances can deviate up to approximately ⁇ 30%, the angles up to approximately ⁇ 20% from the specified data.
- the nozzles 15.1 to 15.6 are inclined to the horizontal. 3, the angle between the pulse vector and its projection into the horizontal cross-sectional plane of the orifice 10.
- the angle of inclination of the other nozzles which are not shown in FIG. 3 for the sake of clarity, has been chosen accordingly to introduce.
- the angle of inclination 5 is between -20 ° and + 50 ° for all nozzles.
- the negative sign indicates a downward inclination.
- the waste is placed on the grate 4 in the usual way, moved forward on the grate 4 by rotation of the rollers 5 and burned in the process.
- the combustion residues fail.
- Primary air is supplied to the grate from below. Secondary air is blown into the combustion chamber 1 from above.
- a flue gas flow occurs in the combustion chamber 1, which is illustrated in FIG. 1 by the flow lines 20, 21, 22.
- the partial flow symbolized by the streamline 20 rises from the front area of the grate 4. It contains solid and gaseous combustible components. This partial flow is passed through the main combustion zone in the manner characteristic of direct current furnaces. There, the combustible constituents are already largely burned at a high temperature by a targeted supply of secondary air.
- the partial flow 21 escaping from the middle area has a very high temperature
- the partial flow 22 from the end area of the grate 4 still has a relatively high oxygen content.
- the entire flue gas flow is deflected upwards on the outlet side and passes through the opening 10 in an inclined draft 12. There, the flammable constituents which are still carried along are to be burnt out completely. In addition to a sufficient supply of oxygen, this requires intensive mixing of the strands which form the flue gas stream.
- 16 secondary air jets are blown in symmetrically to the central plane in the area of the mouth opening 10.
- the direction of the secondary air jets is chosen so that each jet has an angular momentum with respect to the central axis of the channel half.
- the direction of rotation is correct for all jets that are blown into one channel half. match. Because of the mirror symmetry, there is a sense of rotation in the cross-sectional half 10a which is opposite to the direction of rotation in the cross-sectional half 10b.
- the secondary air is blown into the flue gas flow at a speed of 70 to 100 m / s.
- the proportion of the secondary air blown in in the area of the mouth opening 10 is approximately 25 to 35% of the total secondary air.
- a double vortex configuration symmetrical to the central plane 16 is generated in the flue gas duct 11 and in particular in the inclined draft 12 which forms the afterburner chamber.
- the flue gas escaping from the combustion chamber 1 is introduced obliquely upward into the oblique pull 12 by arranging and aligning the nozzles in the form of two vortices rotating in opposite directions. It has been shown that the release vortex observed in the prior art is completely suppressed or at most reduced to an innocuous, small release bubble directly on the roof edge 7.
- the double vortex flow there is extensive homogenization with regard to temperature and material composition. As a result, the burnout of flammable components carried along is significantly improved and the pollutant content of the exhaust gases is significantly reduced.
- FIG. 4 shows a furnace which essentially has two differences compared to the furnace described so far: one difference is that the flue gas duct 11 is designed as a continuous vertical draft. The second difference is the different configuration of the nozzles, which are directed into the flue gas channel 11 at the level of the orifice opening 10. This arrangement is shown symbolically in FIG.
- the nozzles 24.1, 24.2 and 25.1 to 25.5 are not only attached to the rear wall 14, but also to the side walls 19a, 19b and the front wall 26 of the flue gas duct 11 over the edge 7.
- the nozzles 24.1, 24.2 are significantly larger than the nozzles 25.1 to 25.5.
- the nozzles 24.1, 24.2 are aligned tangentially to an inner circle 27, the smaller nozzles 25.1 to 25.5 tangentially to a larger circle 28.
- the angle of inclination ⁇ u not shown in FIG. 5 of the nozzles 24.1, 24.2 is different from the angle of inclination ⁇ ⁇ . the nozzles 25.1 to 25.5.
- Secondary air is blown through the nozzles 24.1, 24.2 with a high impulse, ie a large penetration depth. Secondary air is blown through the nozzles 25.1 to 25.5 with a significantly lower pulse.
- the quantity of secondary air introduced through the nozzles 24.1, 24.2 is preferably greater than the quantity of secondary air introduced through the nozzles 25.1 to 25.5, but at least the same size.
- the quantitative ratio is between 4: 1 and 1: 1. It is possible to replace all or part of the secondary air with recirculated flue gas.
- an inner vortex is formed in each channel half, which is fanned in particular by the nozzles 24.1, 24.2, and an outer vortex which is fanned by the nozzles 25.1 to 25.5.
- the vertebrae have different tangential velocities and because of the different angles of inclination ß z ⁇ ß ⁇ s also different axial velocities. This creates a shear layer between the two vertebrae. This leads to the formation of medium and fine-scale turbulence, which contributes to homogenization and improves the reaction kinetics.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP08523097A JP2000513796A (ja) | 1995-05-05 | 1996-03-22 | ゴミの焼却方法及びゴミ焼却炉 |
US08/964,188 US6138587A (en) | 1995-05-05 | 1996-03-22 | Process and furnace for burning refuse |
PL96323139A PL323139A1 (en) | 1995-05-05 | 1996-03-22 | Waste incinerating process and oven |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP95106788A EP0741267B1 (de) | 1995-05-05 | 1995-05-05 | Verfahren und Feuerung zum Verbrennen von Abfällen |
EP95106788.3 | 1995-05-05 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996035081A1 true WO1996035081A1 (de) | 1996-11-07 |
Family
ID=8219223
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1996/001254 WO1996035081A1 (de) | 1995-05-05 | 1996-03-22 | Verfahren und feuerung zum verbrennen von abfällen |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6138587A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0741267B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2000513796A (de) |
KR (1) | KR100446348B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE203809T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59509469D1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2161798T3 (de) |
PL (1) | PL323139A1 (de) |
TW (1) | TW319816B (de) |
WO (1) | WO1996035081A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19817121A1 (de) * | 1998-04-17 | 1999-10-21 | Kohlenstaubtechnik Dr Schoppe | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zuführung des Windes zur Verbrennung von stückigem Brennstoff |
SE513726C2 (sv) * | 1998-11-17 | 2000-10-30 | Kmw En Ab | Fastbränsleugn |
KR100705204B1 (ko) * | 2003-04-18 | 2007-04-06 | 제이에프이 엔지니어링 가부시키가이샤 | 화격자식(火格子式) 폐기물 소각로 및 그 연소 제어방법 |
US6964237B2 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2005-11-15 | Mark P. Hepp | Grate block for a refuse incineration grate |
DE102004045510A1 (de) * | 2004-09-14 | 2006-03-30 | Polysius Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Veraschen von Brennstoff |
BRPI0719942A2 (pt) * | 2006-12-07 | 2014-04-22 | Waste2Energy Technologies Internat Ltd | Processo, método, e aparelho para oxidação térmica de rejeito |
US20080163803A1 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-07-10 | Covanta Energy Corporation | Method and systems to control municipal solid waste density and higher heating value for improved waste-to-energy boiler operation |
JP6030913B2 (ja) * | 2012-10-11 | 2016-11-24 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | ストーカ式焼却炉 |
JP6326212B2 (ja) * | 2013-10-01 | 2018-05-16 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 放射性廃棄物焼却装置 |
DE102015003995A1 (de) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-10-06 | Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik | Verfahren zur Verbrennungsführung bei Rostfeuerungen sowie Rostfeuerung |
CN105423304B (zh) * | 2015-12-01 | 2018-06-26 | 福寿园环保机械制造有限公司 | 一种环保焚尸炉 |
CN106090925B (zh) * | 2016-07-27 | 2018-02-06 | 湖北华程制造有限公司 | 焚烧处理炉 |
CN107339701A (zh) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-11-10 | 深圳市能源环保有限公司 | 一种低氮燃烧的垃圾焚烧炉 |
EP4047271B1 (de) * | 2021-02-22 | 2023-08-02 | Doosan Lentjes GmbH | Verbrennungsanlage |
CN117308092B (zh) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-02-02 | 西安广泰源科技有限公司 | 一种两段式顺推炉排炉 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3125429A1 (de) * | 1981-06-27 | 1983-02-03 | Erk Eckrohrkessel Gmbh, 1000 Berlin | "einrichtung zur durchmischung von gasstraehnen" |
EP0445070A2 (de) * | 1990-02-28 | 1991-09-04 | Institute of Gas Technology | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung der Emission bei Müllverbrennung |
WO1992002762A1 (en) * | 1989-08-04 | 1992-02-20 | Jan Wiklund | Burner for solid fuels |
EP0579987A1 (de) * | 1992-07-24 | 1994-01-26 | DEUTSCHE BABCOCK ANLAGEN GmbH | Drehrohrofen |
EP0610944A1 (de) * | 1993-02-12 | 1994-08-17 | A. Ahlstrom Corporation | Kraftwerk mit zirkulierender Wirbelschicht und verbesserter Mischung von Sorptionsmitteln mit Verbrennungsgasen |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA606772A (en) * | 1960-10-11 | Yonner Andre | Garbage incinerators | |
US2577659A (en) * | 1947-10-09 | 1951-12-04 | Rainer H Knipping | Garbage incinerator |
CH567230A5 (de) * | 1973-10-08 | 1975-09-30 | Kuenstler Hans | |
US3995568A (en) * | 1975-11-12 | 1976-12-07 | Miro Dvirka | Incinerator and combustion air system therefor |
JPS5944513A (ja) * | 1982-09-03 | 1984-03-13 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | 焼却炉の窒素酸化物抑制運転法 |
JPS59147910A (ja) * | 1983-02-10 | 1984-08-24 | Maruzen Kk | 粒状物の燃焼装置 |
DE3716088A1 (de) * | 1987-04-09 | 1989-02-02 | Muellverbrennungsanlage Wupper | Verfahren zum verbrennen insbesondere von muell |
US4917026A (en) * | 1989-03-28 | 1990-04-17 | Macmillan Bloedal Limited | Debris burner |
US5305698A (en) * | 1989-04-04 | 1994-04-26 | Blackwell Brian R | Method and apparatus for improving fluid flow and gas mixing in boilers |
JPH0752002B2 (ja) * | 1990-02-07 | 1995-06-05 | 日本鋼管株式会社 | ごみ焼却炉 |
US5205227A (en) * | 1990-02-28 | 1993-04-27 | Institute Of Gas Technology | Process and apparatus for emissions reduction from waste incineration |
US5007404A (en) * | 1990-06-26 | 1991-04-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency | Woodstove for heated air forced into a secondary combustion chamber and method of operating same |
DE69124666T2 (de) * | 1990-11-22 | 1997-08-21 | Hitachi Shipbuilding Eng Co | Abfallverbrennungsanlage |
US5553556A (en) * | 1991-10-08 | 1996-09-10 | Mullkraftwerk Schwandorf Betriebsgesellschaft Mbh | Method for burning solid matter |
US5181475A (en) * | 1992-02-03 | 1993-01-26 | Consolidated Natural Gas Service Company, Inc. | Apparatus and process for control of nitric oxide emissions from combustion devices using vortex rings and the like |
DE4219231C1 (de) * | 1992-06-12 | 1993-10-21 | Babcock Anlagen Gmbh | Verfahren zur Verbrennung von Abfall und Abfallverbrennungsanlage |
US5405537A (en) * | 1993-03-26 | 1995-04-11 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Process for combusting dewatered sludge waste in a municipal solid waste incinerator |
US5527984A (en) * | 1993-04-29 | 1996-06-18 | The Dow Chemical Company | Waste gas incineration |
DE19525106C1 (de) * | 1995-06-29 | 1997-03-13 | Richard Kablitz & Mitthof Gmbh | Feuerungsanlage |
-
1995
- 1995-05-05 EP EP95106788A patent/EP0741267B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-05 DE DE59509469T patent/DE59509469D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-05 ES ES95106788T patent/ES2161798T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-05 AT AT95106788T patent/ATE203809T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1996
- 1996-03-22 PL PL96323139A patent/PL323139A1/xx unknown
- 1996-03-22 JP JP08523097A patent/JP2000513796A/ja active Pending
- 1996-03-22 KR KR1019970707819A patent/KR100446348B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-22 WO PCT/EP1996/001254 patent/WO1996035081A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1996-03-22 US US08/964,188 patent/US6138587A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-27 TW TW085103698A patent/TW319816B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3125429A1 (de) * | 1981-06-27 | 1983-02-03 | Erk Eckrohrkessel Gmbh, 1000 Berlin | "einrichtung zur durchmischung von gasstraehnen" |
WO1992002762A1 (en) * | 1989-08-04 | 1992-02-20 | Jan Wiklund | Burner for solid fuels |
EP0445070A2 (de) * | 1990-02-28 | 1991-09-04 | Institute of Gas Technology | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung der Emission bei Müllverbrennung |
EP0579987A1 (de) * | 1992-07-24 | 1994-01-26 | DEUTSCHE BABCOCK ANLAGEN GmbH | Drehrohrofen |
EP0610944A1 (de) * | 1993-02-12 | 1994-08-17 | A. Ahlstrom Corporation | Kraftwerk mit zirkulierender Wirbelschicht und verbesserter Mischung von Sorptionsmitteln mit Verbrennungsgasen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6138587A (en) | 2000-10-31 |
PL323139A1 (en) | 1998-03-16 |
EP0741267B1 (de) | 2001-08-01 |
EP0741267A1 (de) | 1996-11-06 |
KR100446348B1 (ko) | 2004-10-14 |
DE59509469D1 (de) | 2001-09-06 |
ES2161798T3 (es) | 2001-12-16 |
JP2000513796A (ja) | 2000-10-17 |
ATE203809T1 (de) | 2001-08-15 |
TW319816B (de) | 1997-11-11 |
KR19990008293A (ko) | 1999-01-25 |
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