WO1995030183A1 - Circuit electronique permettant de reduire la consommation de courant d'un transformateur - Google Patents

Circuit electronique permettant de reduire la consommation de courant d'un transformateur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995030183A1
WO1995030183A1 PCT/AT1995/000079 AT9500079W WO9530183A1 WO 1995030183 A1 WO1995030183 A1 WO 1995030183A1 AT 9500079 W AT9500079 W AT 9500079W WO 9530183 A1 WO9530183 A1 WO 9530183A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
primary
transformer
switch
electronic circuit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT1995/000079
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Burger
Mario Ostermann
Original Assignee
Thomas Burger
Mario Ostermann
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomas Burger, Mario Ostermann filed Critical Thomas Burger
Priority to AU22977/95A priority Critical patent/AU2297795A/en
Publication of WO1995030183A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995030183A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
    • G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
    • G05F1/563—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices including two stages of regulation at least one of which is output level responsive, e.g. coarse and fine regulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/12—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac
    • G05F1/40—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices as final control devices
    • G05F1/44—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices as final control devices semiconductor devices only
    • G05F1/45—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices as final control devices semiconductor devices only being controlled rectifiers in series with the load
    • G05F1/455—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices as final control devices semiconductor devices only being controlled rectifiers in series with the load with phase control

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electronic circuit for reducing the power consumption of a transformer with a control circuit in the secondary circuit of the transformer and a switch controlled by the control circuit in the primary circuit of the transformer for separating the primary circuit of the transformer from the voltage supply.
  • Such an electronic circuit for reducing the current consumption of a transformer is known from US Pat. No. 4,307,332, the transformer being periodically clocked via the switch arranged in the primary circuit in order to reduce the power loss of the transformer in the case of a consumer connected on the secondary side, which has a has variable load resistance.
  • the object of the invention is to significantly reduce the no-load loss of a transformer. According to the invention, this is achieved in the case of an electronic circuit of the type mentioned in the introduction in that the control circuit has an idle state detector for detecting the idle state of the transformer. If the secondary-side idle state detector detects that there is no load, the switch on the primary side of the transformer is at least temporarily opened by means of the control circuit. The transformer does not consume any energy during these times.
  • a coupling circuit is provided between the secondary-side control circuit and the primary-side switch for galvanically separating the primary and secondary sides of the transformer.
  • a support capacitor connected to the secondary side of the transformer can be provided to supply power to the secondary-side control circuit when the primary-side switch is open when the transformer is idle.
  • the secondary-side control circuit then advantageously has a voltage detector for detecting a predetermined threshold value of the voltage of the backup capacitor, so that when the voltage falls below the threshold value of the backup capacitor, the primary-side switch for charging the backup capacitor is briefly closed.
  • the ratio of the times in which the primary-side switch is open or closed when the transformer is idling is a direct measure of the energy saving achieved by the device according to the invention when the transformer is idling.
  • the control circuit on the secondary side contains an oscillator for controlling the switch on the primary side. This oscillator is advantageously controlled by the idle state detector and by the voltage detector. The oscillator oscillation can be converted by the coupling circuit by means of a diode and an RC element into the switching voltage for the switch on the primary side.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a transformer with the circuit according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a circuit diagram of the voltage detector (a), the idle state detector (b), the oscillator (c), the coupling circuit (d) and the primary-side switch (e)
  • FIG. 3a a diagram of the voltage profiles when switching off the load
  • FIG. 3b a diagram of the voltage profiles when switching on the load.
  • An electronic switch 2 is arranged in the primary circuit of the transformer 1 shown in FIG. 1, with which the primary side 1 a of the transformer 1 can be separated from the voltage supply 3.
  • the electronic switch 2 is self-conducting, that is, if there is no control voltage at its inputs 2a, 2b, it is closed and connects the transformer 1 to the voltage supply 3. This ensures that when switching on the tension 3 first the primary side la of the transformer 1 is connected to the supply voltage 3.
  • the transformed voltage present on the secondary side 1b of the transformer 1 is rectified by a rectifier 4 and can be used to operate a consumer 5.
  • a voltage stabilizer 11 can be provided to stabilize the output voltage.
  • the idle state detector 6 determines whether such a consumer 5 is connected or whether the transformer 1 is in an idle state.
  • the oscillator 7 receives a further control signal 85 from the voltage detector 8, which compares the value of the voltage present at the support capacitor 10 with a predetermined threshold voltage value. If the open circuit condition detector 6 detects an open circuit of the transformer 1 and the value of the voltage at the support capacitor 10 is above the predetermined threshold voltage, then this is the condition for the oscillator 7 to oscillate. This oscillation of the oscillator 7 is the
  • Coupling circuit 9 is supplied, in which the control voltage for the switch 2 is generated from the oscillator oscillation, so that the switch 2 is opened when the oscillator 7 oscillates.
  • FIG. 2a shows a circuit diagram of the voltage detector 8.
  • the Z-diode 81 generates a constant reference voltage u Ref ⁇ e to the minus input 82a of the operational amplifier 82 connected as a comparator. If the voltage U DC drops below a predetermined threshold voltage, the voltage U SD present at the plus input 82b of the operational amplifier 82 drops below the value of the reference voltage U Ref and the output 85 of the voltage detector 8 falls from high to low Low state.
  • the circuit diagram of the idle state detector 6 shown in FIG. 2b has an operational amplifier 62 connected as a comparator.
  • a voltage U A smoothed by means of a capacitor 61 is fed to the minus input 62a of the operational amplifier 62.
  • a voltage U ⁇ set by the resistor Rx is fed to the plus input 62b of the operational amplifier 62.
  • the operation of the idle state detector 6 is based on the knowledge that the output voltage of the rectifier 4 is superimposed by a ripple voltage in the case of an applied load 5, while this ripple voltage does not occur in the idle state of the transformer 1.
  • the resistance Rx of the idle state detector 6 is selected so that the voltage U A is slightly above the voltage U ⁇ when no consumer 5 is connected.
  • the output voltage of the rectifier 4 drops somewhat and is superimposed by a ripple voltage. Since the voltage U A is smoothed by the capacitor 61, the voltage U A remains largely unaffected by the ripple voltage. In contrast, the voltage U ß is superimposed on the ripple voltage. With a suitable choice of the resistor Rx, the voltage U ß is now partially above the voltage U A , so that the output of the operational amplifier 62 temporarily assumes the high state. As a result, the capacitor 63 of the RC element at the output of the operational amplifier is charged and the voltage U LD present at the output 65 of the idle state detector changes from low to high when a load 5 is present.
  • the outputs 85 and 65 of the voltage detector 8 and the idle state detector 6 are fed to the oscillator 7 shown as a block diagram in FIG. 2c.
  • the output signal 85 of the voltage detector 8 is inverted by an inverting element 71 and subsequently fed to the input 72a of an AND element 72.
  • the output signal 65 of the idle state detector 6 is fed to the input 72b of the AND gate.
  • An inverting element 73 is connected in series with the AND element 72, the output of which is fed via an RC element to the third input 72c of the AND element 72. It can be seen from FIG.
  • the oscillator 7 oscillates precisely when the signal 65 is low, that is to say that it is in an idle state, and when the signal 85 is high, that is to say the voltage of the Support capacitor 9 is above the predetermined threshold voltage.
  • the frequency of the oscillator oscillation can be set via the RC element.
  • the output 75 of the oscillator 7 is fed to the co-switching circuit 9 shown in FIG. 2d.
  • the two capacitors 91 and 92 are provided for the galvanic separation of the secondary side of the transformer 1 from the primary side. However, these couple the high-frequency oscillation of the oscillator 7 to the diode 93, which rectifies this oscillation, as a result of which the capacitor 94 of the RC element is charged. In the event of an oscillation of the oscillator 7 present at the input of the coupling circuit 9, there is therefore a control voltage between the output lines 95, 96 of the coupling circuit 9, which is used to actuate the switch 2.
  • the switch 2 is constructed as a self-conducting FET bridge. In the absence of a control voltage on lines 95, 96 there is a conductive connection between points 24 and 25. If a control voltage is applied to the lines 95, 96, the transistors T1 and T2 block and interrupt the electrical connection between the points 24 and 25. The primary side la of the transformer 1 is thus isolated from the supply voltage.
  • FIG 3a shows a diagram of the change over time in the voltage U SD applied to the voltage detector and the output voltage of the idle state detector U LD when a load 5 is disconnected from the transformer 1.
  • the load 5 Up to the instant t 0 , the load 5 is present on the transformer 1.
  • the voltage U SD has some ripple, but always higher than the value of the reference voltage U ref * AuCN d i e voltage U LD has a waviness, but continuously increases the state of a high.
  • the output takes off of the operational amplifier 62 of the idle state detector 6 is constantly in the low state and the capacitor 63 discharges with the time constant of the RC element.
  • the voltage U LD has dropped to the low state and the oscillator 7 begins to oscillate, whereby the switch 2 is opened. Since the voltage present on the secondary side 1b of the transformer 1 when the load 5 is switched off is somewhat higher than in the case of a switched on load 5, the mean value of the voltage U SD between t Q and t 1 is somewhat higher than before t Q. From t j the power supply of the idle state detector 6, the voltage detector 8 and the oscillator 7 is taken over by the backup capacitor 10, which slowly discharges itself. The voltage U SD therefore drops continuously until it drops below the value of the voltage U Ref at time t 2 . As a result, the output of the voltage detector 8 drops from high to low, the oscillation of the oscillator 7 breaks off and the switch 2 is closed.
  • the support capacitor 10 is charged between t 2 and t 4 .
  • the charging current flowing between 2 and t 3 is large enough that the idle state detector 6 detects an applied load and the voltage U LD goes high.
  • the voltage U LD has dropped again so far that a low state is present and the oscillator in turn starts to oscillate.
  • the time period between t 1 and t 2 in which the switch 2 is open depends on the capacitance of the support capacitor 10 and on the power consumption of the components of the secondary control circuit. Since special operational amplifiers have a current consumption in the microampere range, the duration can be between t ⁇ and t 2 can easily be extended to many seconds. The power consumption of the transformer when idling can be reduced in practice by more than 99%.
  • 3b shows a diagram of the voltage profiles when a load 5 is switched on at time t Q. Due to the connected load, the backup capacitor 10 discharges very quickly and has dropped to below the value of the threshold voltage. As a result, the oscillation of the oscillator breaks off and the switch 2 is closed with an extremely short delay after the load 5 has been switched on.
  • Embodiment limited.
  • the single ones
  • the coupling circuit could also have an inductive (or galvanic) coupling or an optocoupling instead of a capacitive coupling. In this way, a galvanic separation of the secondary and primary side of the transformer would also be realized.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un circuit électronique qui permet de réduire la consommation de courant d'un transformateur (1). Il est prévu un circuit de commande dans le circuit secondaire du transformateur (1) et un commutateur (2), piloté par le circuit de commande, dans le circuit primaire du transformateur, pour séparer le circuit primaire du transformateur (1) de l'alimentation en courant (3). Le circuit de commande comporte un détecteur (6) qui peut détecter un état de marche à vide du transformateur (1). En cas de marche à vide du transformateur (1), le commutateur (2) situé côté primaire est ouvert au moins temporairement.
PCT/AT1995/000079 1994-04-29 1995-04-26 Circuit electronique permettant de reduire la consommation de courant d'un transformateur WO1995030183A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU22977/95A AU2297795A (en) 1994-04-29 1995-04-26 Electronic circuit for reducing the current consumption of a transformer

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90494 1994-04-29
ATA904/94 1994-04-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995030183A1 true WO1995030183A1 (fr) 1995-11-09

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ID=3502524

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AT1995/000079 WO1995030183A1 (fr) 1994-04-29 1995-04-26 Circuit electronique permettant de reduire la consommation de courant d'un transformateur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2297795A (fr)
WO (1) WO1995030183A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6339314B1 (en) 2000-12-27 2002-01-15 Philips Electronics North America Corporation Battery charger circuit with low standby power dissipation
DE19805373B4 (de) * 1998-02-11 2009-09-17 Hahn, Uwe Schaltungsanordnung für Netzteile
US8836282B2 (en) 2009-10-28 2014-09-16 Superior Communications, Inc. Method and apparatus for recharging batteries in a more efficient manner
DE102019003206B3 (de) * 2019-05-07 2020-08-20 Festo Se & Co. Kg Sicherheitsanordnung

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4307332A (en) * 1980-04-17 1981-12-22 Pitney Bowes Inc. Energy efficient regulated power supply system
EP0554882A1 (fr) * 1992-02-07 1993-08-11 Power Integrations, Inc. Circuit de charge linéaire pour régler l'alimentation en courant commuté sous des conditions de charges minimales
EP0583038A1 (fr) * 1992-08-10 1994-02-16 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Circuit d'alimentation et circuit de commande destiné à être utilisé dans un circuit d'alimentation

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4307332A (en) * 1980-04-17 1981-12-22 Pitney Bowes Inc. Energy efficient regulated power supply system
EP0554882A1 (fr) * 1992-02-07 1993-08-11 Power Integrations, Inc. Circuit de charge linéaire pour régler l'alimentation en courant commuté sous des conditions de charges minimales
EP0583038A1 (fr) * 1992-08-10 1994-02-16 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Circuit d'alimentation et circuit de commande destiné à être utilisé dans un circuit d'alimentation

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19805373B4 (de) * 1998-02-11 2009-09-17 Hahn, Uwe Schaltungsanordnung für Netzteile
US6339314B1 (en) 2000-12-27 2002-01-15 Philips Electronics North America Corporation Battery charger circuit with low standby power dissipation
WO2002052690A2 (fr) * 2000-12-27 2002-07-04 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Circuit chargeur de batterie a faible consommation de puissance en veille
WO2002052690A3 (fr) * 2000-12-27 2002-09-12 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Circuit chargeur de batterie a faible consommation de puissance en veille
US8836282B2 (en) 2009-10-28 2014-09-16 Superior Communications, Inc. Method and apparatus for recharging batteries in a more efficient manner
DE102019003206B3 (de) * 2019-05-07 2020-08-20 Festo Se & Co. Kg Sicherheitsanordnung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2297795A (en) 1995-11-29

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