WO1995020070A1

WO1995020070A1 - Device for anchoring a rail

Info

Publication number: WO1995020070A1
Application number: PCT/FR1995/000063
Authority: WO
Inventors: Claude Loison
Original assignee: Allevard
Priority date: 1994-01-21
Filing date: 1995-01-20
Publication date: 1995-07-27
Also published as: TW301635B; DE69510441T2; AU1539995A; FR2715413B1; NO962968D0; DE69510441D1; EP0740720B1; JP3647038B2; ZA95391B; CN1051592C; JPH09507698A; DZ1846A1; ES2135696T3; MY111991A; TNSN95003A1; NO962968L; YU3495A; HRP950019B1; FR2715413A1; CN1138883A

Abstract

Device for anchoring a rail to a sleeper (T) of the type comprising an insert (1) anchored in said sleeper, a resilient rail fastener (2), at least one insulating spacer (31, 32) arranged between the insert (1) or the fastener (2) and the rail (R), a sleeper pad (S) supporting the rail base and a member (4, 4') for clamping the fastener (2) onto the insert (1). According to the invention, the clamping member (4, 4') comprises, in particular, a shaft (40, 40') having, in its lower portion, a holding element (41, 41') formed from at least one bearing surface (41a, 41b, 41'a) radially extending beyond the shaft. The insert (1) includes a stationary front face (1a) forming an abutment surface for the lateral forces of the rail and an inner space (10) provided with at least one upper opening (11), wherein the profile and respective dimensions of the opening are determined so as to enable the insertion and translation of the clamping member (4, 4') and fastener (2), and locking of the holding element (41) in said space (10) through a movement of the clamping member in said opening (11).

Description

Fastening device for railway rail

The present invention relates to a fastening device for a railway rail.

Traditional fastening devices generally include an anchoring insert in the crossmember, an elastic rail fastener for example in the form of a blade, at least one insulating spacer placed between the insert or the fastener and the rail, a sole rail support and a clamping member of the fastener on the insert to support it on the rail. During the laying operations, the rail rests on the base and is positioned between two insulating spacers.

It is then necessary to release the tightening member to allow the movement of the fastener to its operating position in abutment against the rail and then to lock the tightening member again to exert an elastic force via the fastener. rail support.

In some cases, the clamping member is directly screwed into an insert consisting of a sheath immobilized in the concrete of the crosspiece.

But this sheath is not mechanically very resistant and its replacement in the event of damage or defect is not easy. In addition, the connection between the screw and the sheath is not completely sealed and possible entry of water or moisture may cause corrosion of the metal of the screw and cause freezing problems due to the residual water at the bottom of the sheath.

On the other hand, the lateral forces exerted by the rail on the fixing device are significant and require the presence of a support stop for the recovery of these forces. One solution is to provide this bearing face on the fixed insert. But then the positioning of the support zone of the fastener on the rail is no longer adjustable and it is necessary to produce a specific geometry of the fastener. It is desirable for the fixing device to be assembled on the cross-member allowing it to take two distinct positions, on the one hand a first so-called pre-mounting position allowing the transport of the cross-member / fixing device assembly to the place laying the track then, on the other hand, a second so-called mounted position where the rail is immobilized and fixed on the cross-member. However, the implementation of this solution with traditional devices is not satisfactory because it involves separating several parts.

The object of the present invention is to solve these technical problems in an appropriate manner.

This object is achieved in accordance with the invention by means of a device for fixing a railway rail to a cross member of the type comprising an insert anchored in the cross member, an elastic rail fastener, at least one insulating spacer placed between the insert and / or the fastener and the rail, a sole on which the shoe of the rail rests and a member for tightening the fastener on the insert, characterized in that the tightening member consists in particular of '' a rod provided, in its lower part, with a retaining element formed by at least one bearing face extending radially beyond the rod and, in that, the insert comprises a fixed front face forming stop for the lateral forces of the rail and an internal cavity opening upwards through at least one upper opening whose contours and respective dimensions are determined so as to allow the introduction and the translation of the assembly consisting of the tightening and fastening , as well as the locking of the retaining element in said cavity by an appropriate movement of the clamping member in said opening.

According to an advantageous characteristic, said upper opening is formed by a groove extending transversely to the rail and locally enlarged by a light intended for the rotation of the clamping member and / or for the introduction of the retaining element into said cavity.

According to a first embodiment, the length of said groove is greater than the diameter of the bearing face of the retaining element to allow its introduction into said cavity by an appropriate position of the clamping member in the groove.

According to another embodiment, the diameter of said lumen is greater than the diameter of the bearing face of the retaining element.

In this latter variant, the width of said groove is slightly greater than the outside diameter of the rod of the clamping member so as to allow it to slide in the groove, but less than the diameter of the bearing face to lock the retaining element in the cavity.

The first embodiment is more particularly intended for the case where the tightening member is a bolt whose rod has a threaded head surmounting a section with at least two parallel faces forming an anti-rotation element of the rod in the opening and said retaining element consists of at least one shoe projecting radially from the lower part of the rod of the clamping member. Preferably, said retaining element comprises two shoes diametrically opposite with respect to the rod of the clamping member.

Under these conditions, the retaining element is introduced vertically into the cavity through said opening and is locked by a 90 * rotation of the clamping member. The second embodiment is rather intended for the case where the tightening member is a rivet. And said retaining element consists of a peripheral collar produced at the lower end of the rod of the rivet and whose external diameter is greater. to the width of said groove.

Under these conditions, the retaining element is introduced vertically into the cavity by the light and then is locked by translation of the clamping member in the groove.

In general, the dimensions of the cavity are greater than the diameter of the bearing face of the retaining element and said groove extends transversely to the rail in the mounted position. According to another characteristic of the invention, said insert is provided with a wedging element intended to receive the rear end of the clip to block it in the mounted position.

This wedging element is produced in the form of a bowl formed on the upper face of the insert on the side furthest from the rail. or consists of an element attached to the rear of the insert.

According to yet another characteristic, the device comprises a lateral spacer provided with hooking elements on the insert, which is arranged on a flange of the sole between the front face of the insert and the base of the rail and a vertical spacer. provided with fastening elements on the fastener which is arranged between the front end of the fastener and the rail. Advantageously, the lateral faces of the insert are connected to the front face by protruding edges allowing the latching of the lateral spacer.

According to an alternative embodiment, the lateral spacer comprises a rectilinear central part intended to come into bearing contact against the base of the rail and extending towards the rear by lateral hooking arms intended to be snapped onto the edges protruding from the front face of the insert.

Preferably, said lateral arms are made of a plastic material and according to a profile which cooperates with that of the projecting edges of the insert.

According to another variant, the vertical spacer comprises a substantially planar lower part intended to come into bearing contact against the rail under the action of the fastener and an upper part connected to said lower part to form a grooved hinge in which is engaged the front end of the fastener.

Preferably, the lower part of the vertical spacer has a through hole for the passage of the clamping member.

According to other features of the invention, said cavity communicates with the outside via a longitudinal opening situated at the rear of the insert.

The upper face of the insert extends at least in its front part in a plane situated above the base of the rail while said rear longitudinal opening of the insert opens out on the rear face and on the upper face of the insert.

The present invention thus comprises a fixed insert, anchored in the concrete of the crosspiece and in which is engaged the clamping member of the fastener. The fastener used is elastic and its profile is freed from the design of the insert. Furthermore, the possibilities of adjusting the fastener are increased insofar as the clamping member can slide in the groove between two extreme lateral positions relative to the rail.

At the same time, the crossmember with the fixing device can be delivered in the pre-assembled position. In this position, the clamping member is moved backwards into the upper opening of the insert. The front end of the fastener is then set back relative to the front face of the insert to facilitate the installation of the rail. In addition, the front part of the vertical spacer presses on the lateral spacer and a moderate tightening or tensioning of the clamping member is sufficient to ensure the cohesion of the assembly during its transport. Another advantage lies in the fact that the internal cavity in which foreign bodies often accumulate can be easily cleaned if necessary by the rear longitudinal opening.

In the two previous embodiments, the lateral forces of the track transmitted to the rail are taken up by the insert and the wedging spacer which are fixed which guarantees the immobilization and the holding of the rail.

There is therefore no interaction between the clamping forces and the lateral stresses.

The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, accompanied by the drawings in which:

- Figure 1 shows an exploded perspective view of a first embodiment of the invention;

- Figures 2a and 2b show the embodiment of Figure 1 in pre-assembled and mounted positions respectively in elevation and in plan;

- Figure 3 shows an elevational sectional view of another embodiment of the invention in pre-assembled and mounted positions.

The fixing device shown in FIGS. 1, 2a, 2b comprises on each side of the rail R, an insert 1 anchored in the concrete cross-member T, an insulating lateral spacer 31 disposed between the insert 1 and the rail R, a fastener 2 with elastic deformation (metal blade ...) exerting by one of its ends a vertical bearing force on the rail either directly or indirectly via an insulating vertical spacer 32 and a clamping member 4 of the fastener 2 on the insert 1. In general, the rail pad R rests on a sole plate S which projects on each side of the base of the rail.

The insert 1 has a fixed front face forming a stop against the lateral forces of the rail R.

According to the invention, the clamping member 4 consists of a rod 40 provided in its lower part with a retaining element 41. In Figures 1, and 2a, 2b the clamping member 4 is a bolt and the lower part of its rod 40 is provided with a retaining element 41 constituted by at least one and, preferably, two shoes 41a, 41b diametrically opposite with respect to the rod 40. The upper faces of the shoes 41a, 41b form bearing faces extending radially and in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of the rod 40.

The upper end of the rod 40 is provided with a threaded head 42 and intended to cooperate by screwing with a nut 5 and which surmounts a section 43 with at least two parallel faces forming an anti-rotation blocking element of the rod 40 The section 43 forming a blocking element will preferably be a square or a cam.

The upper face of the insert 1 extends at least in its front part close to the rail, in a plane located above the base of the rail. The insert 1 has an internal cavity 10 opening upwards through an upper opening 11. The contours and the dimensions of said opening 11 are determined so as to allow the introduction of the lower part of the clamping member provided with the 'retaining element, its translation with the fastener forming an integral assembly and the locking of the retaining element 41 in the cavity 10 by an appropriate movement of the clamping member 4 in the opening 11.

According to an embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2b, the upper opening 11 is formed of a groove 111 extending transversely to the rail. The groove 111 is widened in its center by a hole 110 intended to allow the rotation of the rod 40 of the clamping member 4 in order to lock the retaining element in the cavity 10.

In the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2b, the length of the groove 111 is greater than the diameter of the bearing face 41a of the retaining element 41 to allow its introduction into the cavity by an appropriate position of the member clamp 4 in groove 111.

The section with parallel faces 43 is produced over a sufficient height of the rod 40 of the clamping member 4 to prevent any rotation of the rod when the latter is placed in the groove 111 and thus allow the nut 5 to be screwed. On the other hand, the dimensions of the lumen 110 are determined to allow the rotation of the section 43 of the rod in said orifice and the locking of the retaining element 41.

In fact, as the retaining element is in the form of two symmetrical shoes 41a, 41b, it is their upper faces which come to bear against the vault of the cavity 10 when the nut 5 is screwed onto the head 42 of the bolt in locking position of said retaining elements. The groove 111 is made on either side of the central lumen 110 so as to allow the passage of said shoes and their introduction in a vertical direction into the cavity when the rod 40 of the clamping member is disposed in the lumen 110 .

The locking of the shoes 41a, 41b of the retaining element is then obtained by a rotation of 90 ^* of the clamping member 4 in the slot 110. For this purpose, the dimensions of the cavity 10 are greater than the largest dimension, that is to say the diameter of the retaining element 41. The shoes 41a, 41b therefore extend in the locked position perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the groove 111.

The width of the groove 111 will be slightly greater than the outside diameter of the rod 40 corresponding to the spacing of the parallel faces of the anti-rotation section 43 of the clamping member so as to allow it to slide in the groove and to prohibit its rotation to allow the nut 5 to be screwed onto the threaded head 42.

When the upper opening 11 is produced substantially transversely to the rail R, this arrangement allows the lateral adjustment of the position of the fastener 2 by translation of the clamping member. The cavity 10 also communicates with the outside via a longitudinal opening 12 situated at the rear of the insert 1 and which opens both on the rear face and on the upper face of the insert 1.

The device of the invention also comprises two insulating spacers, in particular an insulating lateral spacer 31, provided with hooking elements on the insert 1, which is arranged on a flange of the sole S between the front face of the insert 1 and the base of the rail R. This lateral spacer 31 is associated with a vertical spacer 32 also insulating, provided with fastening elements on the fastener 2, which is disposed between the front end of the fastener 2 and the rail R. The lateral faces of the insert 1 are connected with the front face 1a facing the rail by protruding flanges 13 allowing the latching of the attachment elements of the lateral spacer 31.

The lateral spacer 31 comprises a rectilinear central part 310 intended to come into bearing contact against the base of the rail R to transmit the lateral forces to the fixed front face 1a of the insert forming a stop.

The central part 310 is extended towards the rear by lateral attachment arms 311 intended to snap onto the flanges 13 projecting from the insert 1. At least, the lateral arms 311 and, preferably, all of the 'side spacer 31 is made with a plastic material. The lateral arms of course have a profile which cooperates with that of the edges 13 of the insert 1.

The vertical spacer 32 has a substantially flat lower part 320 and an upper part 321. The lower part is intended to come into bearing contact against the rail R under the action of the vertical force of the fastener 2 while ensuring the electrical insulation of the rails between them.

The front edge of the upper part 321 is connected to the front edge of the lower part 320 by forming a grooved hinge in which the front end of the fastener 2 is engaged.

The lower part 320 of the vertical spacer 32 has a through hole 322 for the passage of the clamping member 4.

The upper part 321 of the vertical spacer has a sufficient surface to ensure both the retention on the fastener 2 and the anti-rotation blocking of the vertical spacer relative to the fastener.

The insert 1 has on its upper face and in its rear part (that is to say that which is furthest from the rail R), a bowl

14 intended to receive the rear end with corresponding profile of the fastener 2 to wedge it in the assembled position, bearing by its front end on the rail.

According to another embodiment (not shown) the vacuum setting element is an element attached to the rear of the insert.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the invention in which the clamping member is a rivet 4 '. The retaining element then consists of a peripheral collar 41 'produced at the lower part of the rod 40' of the rivet and whose external diameter is greater than the width of the groove 111. The clamping member with its element retaining is advantageously introduced into the cavity 10 through the light 110 whose diameter is greater than the outer diameter of the rod increased by the width of the bearing face 41 'a of the collar 41'.

Advantageously, the light 110 will be produced at the rear end of the groove 111 so that the introduction of the rivet into the cavity is not accompanied by any deformation of the fastener.

Then, the collar 41 'is locked in the cavity 10 by translation of the rivet 4' in the groove 111 forming a slide.

The anti-rotation locking means are not necessary because there is no tightening by screwing. The tightening is carried out here by means of a ramp 15 formed at the rear part of the upper face of the insert 1.

The ramp 15 is intended to elastically deform the fastener 2 by forced lifting of its rear part with a curved profile during the translation towards the rail R of the clamping member 4 'held vertically by the bearing face 4a. of the collar 41 'in the groove 111.

This elastic deformation produces the tensioning of the fastener and the support of its front part against the rail R.

It is advantageous to provide that the correct support position is obtained when the rivet 4 'is in abutment at the front end of the groove 111. This position is guaranteed and stabilized by the presence of a bowl 14' produced at the top of the ramp 15 and intended to receive the rear end with corresponding curved profile of the clip 2.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. Device for fixing a rail (R) of a railway on a cross-member (T) of the type comprising an insert (1) anchored in the cross-member, an elastic rail fastener (2), at least one insulating spacer (31,32) disposed between the insert (1) and / or the fastener (2) and the rail (R), a sole (S) on which the shoe of the rail rests and a clamping member (4,4 ') of the fastener (2) on the insert (1), characterized in that the clamping member (4,4') consists in particular of a rod (40,40 ') provided, in its part lower, of a retaining element (41,41 ') formed by at least one bearing face (41a, 41b, 41'a) extending radially beyond the rod and, in that, the insert (1) has a fixed front face (la) forming a stop for the lateral forces of the rail and an internal cavity (10) opening upwards through at least one upper opening (11) whose contours and respective dimensions are determined by so as to allow introduction and trans lation of the assembly consisting of the clamping member (4,4 ') and the fastener (2), as well as the locking of the retaining element (41) in said cavity (10) by an appropriate movement of the clamping member in said opening (11).

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said upper opening (11) is formed by a groove (111) extending transversely to the rail and locally enlarged by a light (110) intended for the rotation of the member tightening (4,4 ') and / or the introduction of the retaining element (41,41') in said cavity.

3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the length of said groove (111) is greater than the diameter of the bearing face (41a) of the retaining element (41) to allow its introduction into said cavity ( 10) by an appropriate position of the clamping member (4) in the groove (111).

4. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the diameter of said lumen (110) is greater than the diameter of the bearing face (41a) of the retaining element (41).

5. Device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the width of said groove (111) is slightly greater than the outside diameter of the rod (40) of the clamping member (4) so as to allow sliding in the groove (111) but less than diameter of the bearing face (41a) for locking the retaining element (41) in the cavity (10).

6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dimensions of the cavity (10) are greater than the diameter of the bearing face (41a) of the retaining element (41).

7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said clamping member is a bolt (4) whose rod has a threaded head (42) surmounting a section (43) with at least two parallel faces forming an element of anti-rotation lock of the rod (40) in the opening (11) and said retaining element (41) consists of at least one shoe (41a, 41b) projecting radially from the lower part of the rod (40) of the clamping member.

8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that said retaining element (41) comprises two shoes (41a, 41b) diametrically opposite with respect to the rod (40) of the clamping member

(4).

9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said retaining element (41) is introduced vertically into the cavity (10) through said opening (11) and is locked by a rotation of 90 ^* of the member clamping (4).

10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said clamping member is a rivet (4 ') and said retaining element consists of a peripheral collar (41') produced at the lower end of the rod (40 ') of the rivet (4').

11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said insert (1) is provided with a wedging element of the rear end of the clip (2) to block it in the mounted position.

12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that said wedging element is produced in the form of a bowl (14) formed on the upper face of the insert on the side furthest from the rail.

13. Device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that said wedging element is an element attached to the rear of the insert.

14. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a lateral spacer (31) provided with hooking elements on the insert, which is arranged on a flange of the sole (5) between the front (la) of the insert (1) and the base of the rail (R) and a vertical spacer (32) provided with fastening elements on the fastener (2) which is arranged between the front end of the fastener and the rail.

15. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said cavity (10) communicates with the outside via a longitudinal opening (12) located at the rear of the insert (1).

16. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper face of the insert (1) extends at least in its front part in a plane located above the base of the rail (R).

17. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lateral faces of the insert are connected with the front face by projecting flanges (13) allowing the latching of the lateral spacer (31).

18. Device according to one of claims 14 or 17, characterized in that the lateral spacer (31) comprises a rectilinear central part (310) intended to come into bearing contact against the base of the rail and extending towards the 'rear by lateral attachment arms (311) intended to snap onto the projecting edges (13) of the front face (la) of the insert (1).

19. Device according to claim 18, characterized in that said lateral arms (311) are made of a plastic material and according to a profile which cooperates with that of the projecting edges (13) of the insert (1).

20. Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the vertical spacer (32) comprises a substantially planar lower part (320) intended to come into bearing contact against the rail under the action of the fastener (2) and an upper part (321) connected to said lower part to form a grooved hinge (323) in which is engaged the front end of the fastener (2).

21. Device according to claim 20, characterized in that the lower part (320) of the vertical spacer (32) has a through hole (322) for the passage of the clamping member (4,4 ').

22. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that said rear longitudinal opening (12) of the insert (1) opens to the outside on the rear face and on the upper face of the insert (1).