JP3647038B2 - Rail locking device - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for anchoring a rail to a sleeper (T) of the type comprising an insert (1) anchored in said sleeper, a resilient rail fastener (2), at least one insulating spacer (31, 32) arranged between the insert (1) or the fastener (2) and the rail (R), a sleeper pad (S) supporting the rail base and a member (4, 4') for clamping the fastener (2) onto the insert (1). According to the invention, the clamping member (4, 4') comprises, in particular, a shaft (40, 40') having, in its lower portion, a holding element (41, 41') formed from at least one bearing surface (41a, 41b, 41'a) radially extending beyond the shaft. The insert (1) includes a stationary front face (1a) forming an abutment surface for the lateral forces of the rail and an inner space (10) provided with at least one upper opening (11), wherein the profile and respective dimensions of the opening are determined so as to enable the insertion and translation of the clamping member (4, 4') and fastener (2), and locking of the holding element (41) in said space (10) through a movement of the clamping member in said opening (11).

Description

The present invention relates to a railroad rail fixing device.
A conventional fixing device includes a locking insert in a sleeper, a plate-like elastic rail clip, at least one insulating spacer disposed between the rail and the insert or clip, a rail support pad, and a clip inserted. It consists of a clamp member that clamps up and abuts against the rail.
While the rail is laid, it rests on the pad and occupies a position between the two insulating spacers.
And it is necessary to release the clamp member in order to allow the clip to be moved to the working position where it abuts the rail, and to fix the clamp member again so as to exert an elastic supporting force on the rail via the clip There is.
In some cases, the clamping member is screwed directly into an insert constituted by the bushing itself that is prevented from moving in the sleeper concrete.
However, the bush is not very strong mechanically and is not easy to replace in the event of an accident or defect.
Also, the connection between the screw and bushing is not completely watertight, and any water or moisture that will penetrate into it contains the risk of corroding the metal of the screw and will freeze due to residual moisture found at the bottom of the bushing. Cause problems.
Further, the lateral force acting on the fixing device by the rail is large, and the presence of a load receiving collision is required to receive the acting force. One solution is to provide a load bearing surface on the fixed insert for that purpose. Unfortunately, doing so makes it impossible to adjust the positioning of the area of the rail against which the clip abuts, necessitating a special shape for the clip.
However, the "pre-assembled" first position where the sleeper and the fixing device assembled together can be moved to the place where the truck is laid, and the "attached" fixed on the sleeper is prevented from moving the rail It is desirable to be able to assemble the fixing device at two different positions on the sleeper, as in the second position.
Unfortunately, the strategy to solve that using conventional equipment is unsatisfactory because it requires several parts to be disassembled.
The object of the present invention is to solve these technical problems in an appropriate manner.
According to the invention, the object is to provide an insert locked to the sleeper, a rail spring clip, at least one insulating spacer arranged between the rail and the insert and / or clip, and a rail flange. A fixing device for fixing a railroad rail on a sleeper, comprising a pad to be placed and a clamping member for clamping a clip to an insert, and the clamping member extends in a radial direction from the shank. A retaining element formed by at least one load bearing surface present is particularly constituted by a shank provided at the bottom thereof, the insert comprising a fixed front surface forming an abutment for lateral forces from the rail, and at least And an internal cavity that opens upwardly through one top opening, each of the top openings having a general shape and size An assembly constituted by the clamp member inserted therein is translated and movable along it, thereby securing the holding element in the cavity by appropriate movement of the clamp member in the opening This is achieved by an apparatus characterized by being determined by such a method.
According to an advantageous feature, the top opening is constituted by a slot extending transversely to the rail, allowing the rotation of the clamp (member (4, 4 ') and / or the holding element It is enlarged locally by the hole for the purpose of allowing insertion into the cavity.
In a first embodiment, the length of the slot is greater than the diameter of the load-bearing surface of the retaining element so that it can be inserted into the cavity by properly positioning a clamping member in the slot.
In another embodiment, the diameter of the hole is smaller than the diameter of the load receiving surface of the holding element.
In this variant, the width of the slot is larger than the outer diameter of the shank to allow sliding along the slot, but smaller than the diameter of the load bearing surface to secure the holding element in the cavity. .
In particular, in the first embodiment, the clamping member has a threaded top that rests on a portion having at least two parallel faces whose shank forms an anti-rotation element to prevent rotation in the opening. In the case of a bolt, the holding element is intended to be constituted by at least one protrusion projecting radially from the bottom of the shank of the clamping member.
Preferably, the holding element comprises a diametrically opposed projection on both sides of the shank of the clamping member.
Under such conditions, the holding element is inserted vertically into the cavity through the opening and secured by rotating the clamping member 90 degrees.
The second embodiment is particularly intended for the case where the clamping member is a rivet and the holding element is constituted by a peripheral collar formed at the bottom end of the rivet shank and has an outer diameter larger than the width of the slot. doing.
Under such conditions, the retaining element is inserted perpendicularly into the cavity through the hole and secured by translationally moving the clamping member along the slot.
In general, the dimension of the cavity is larger than the diameter of the load-receiving surface of the holding element, and the slot extends transversely to the rail at the mounting position.
According to another feature of the invention, the insert is provided with a locking element for receiving the rear end of the clip for fixing in the assembled position.
The locking element consists of an indented shape formed on the top surface of the insert at the end furthest from the rail or is constituted by an element added to the rear of the insert.
According to another feature, the device is provided with an element that is hooked to the insert, a parallel spacer disposed on the edge of the pad between the front face of the insert and the bottom face of the rail, and an element for fixing to the clip And includes a vertical spacer disposed between the front surface of the clip and the rail.
Advantageously, the side of the insert is joined to its front face via a protruding edge for snap-tight engagement of the parallel spacer.
In an alternative embodiment, the parallel spacer is adapted to abut against the bottom surface of the rail and has a straight central portion extending rearward by a parallel hook arm for snap-fastening engagement to the protruding edge of the front surface of the insert. Including.
Preferably, the parallel arms are made of a plastic material and have a shape that cooperates with the shape of the protruding edge of the insert.
In another variation, the vertical spacer is formed in such a manner as to form a substantially flat bottom that abuts against the rail under pressure from the clip and a groove that engages the front end of the clip. And a top connected to the top.
Preferably, the bottom of the vertical spacer includes an orifice through which the clamp member passes.
According to another feature of the invention, the cavity communicates with the outside through a longitudinal opening located at the rear of the insert.
The top surface of the insert extends into a plane located at least in front of it and above the bottom surface of the rail, while the rear longitudinal opening of the insert opens to the outside through the rear and top surfaces of the insert.
Accordingly, the present invention includes a fixed insert locked to the sleeper concrete in which a member for clamping the clip is engaged. The clip used is a spring clip and its shape is not affected by the design of the insert.
Also, as long as the clamp member can slide in the slot between two end-parallel positions with respect to the rail, there is an expanded range for adjusting the clip.
The sleepers can also be delivered with the fixing device in the pre-attachment position. In this position, the clamping member is pushed back towards the rear of the top opening of the insert. The front end of the clip is then retracted from the front surface of the insert to facilitate rail laying. Furthermore, the front of the vertical spacer abuts against the propensity spacer and the loose clamping or pressure of the clamping member ensures that the assembly stays together during transfer.
Another advantage is that it can be easily cleaned through the rear longitudinal opening if a cavity interior is needed where foreign objects often accumulate.
In both of the above embodiments, the lateral track force transmitted to the rail is both received by the fixed insert and wedge spacer, thereby ensuring that the rail is held and prevented from moving.
Therefore, there is no interaction between the clamping force and the lateral force.
The invention will be better understood by reading the following description with the drawings.
1 is an exploded perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention;
2a and 2b are an elevation view and a plan view, respectively, showing the embodiment of FIG. 1 in both the pre-attachment and attachment positions;
FIG. 3 is a sectional elevation view of another embodiment in both the pre-attachment and attachment positions.
1, 2a and 2b include an insert 1 locked in a concrete sleeper T on both sides of a rail R, an insulating parallel spacer 31 disposed between the insert 1 and the rail R, An elastically deformable clip 2 (e.g. a metal plate) whose one end acts directly on the rail with a vertical driving force directly or indirectly through an insulating vertical spacer 32 and clamps the clip 2 to the insert 1 It consists of a clamp member 4.
In general, the flange of the rail R is placed on a pad S that protrudes outward from both sides of the bottom surface of the rail.
The insert 1 includes a fixed front surface that forms an abutment against a lateral force from the rail R.
According to the invention, the clamping member 4 is constituted by a shank 40 provided at the bottom together with the holding element 41.
1, 2a and 2b, the clamping member 4 is a bolt, and the bottom of the shank 40 of the bolt is provided with at least one, preferably diametrically opposed protrusions 41 and 41b on both sides of the shank 40. . The top surfaces of the protrusions 41 and 41b form a load receiving surface that extends radially in a plane substantially perpendicular to the shank 40 axis.
The upper end of the shank 40 comprises a threaded upper end 42 for threaded engagement of the nut 5 and the threaded portion of the shank has at least two parallel surfaces that form an element that prevents the shank 40 from rotating. Above part 43. The rotation fixing portion 43 is preferably square or cam-shaped.
The top surface of the insert 1, or at least the front portion proximate to the rail, extends into a plane disposed on the bottom surface of the rail.
The insert 1 includes an internal cavity 10 that opens at the top through a top opening 11. The general shape and size of the top opening 11 allows the bottom of a clamp member provided with a retaining member to be inserted therein, and can be translated in a single member together with the clip; In addition, the holding element 41 is determined to be able to be fixed in the cavity 10 by appropriate movement of the clamp member 4 inside the opening 11.
In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2b, the top opening 11 is in the form of a slot 111 extending transversely to the rail.
The slot 11 is widened by a hole 110 at its center to allow rotation of the shank 40 of the clamping member for the purpose of securing the holding element in the cavity 10.
In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2b, the length of the slot 111 is such that the load element of the holding element 41 can be inserted into the cavity by properly positioning the clamping member 4 in the slot 111. It is larger than the diameter of the surface 41a.
The parallel surface member 43 extends to a sufficient height of the shank 40 of the clamp member 4, and the rotation of the shank once received in the slot is prevented, whereby the nut 5 can be tightened.
However, the size of the hole 110 allows the shank portion 43 to rotate within the orifice, thereby allowing the retaining element 41 to be in a fixed position.
Since the holding element is two symmetrical protrusions 41a and 41b, when the nut 5 is tightened on the threaded portion 42 of the bolt while the holding element is in the fixed position, their top faces abut the top of the cavity 10. . The slot 111 extends in opposite directions on both sides of the central hole 110, and the protrusion penetrates and is inserted into the cavity while the shank 40 of the clamp member is disposed in the hole 110.
The protrusions 41a and 41b of the holding element are then fixed by rotating the clamping member 4 90 degrees while it is still in the hole 110. For this reason, the dimension of the cavity 10 is larger than the dimension of the holding element, for example its outer diameter. Thus, the protrusions 41a and 41b extend perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the slot 111 when they are in a fixed position.
The width of the slot 111 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the shank 40, which corresponds to the distance between the parallel surfaces of the anti-rotation portion 43 of the clamp member, thereby moving along the slot while preventing rotation, The nut 5 can be fastened to the screwed top 42.
When the top opening 11 extends substantially laterally relative to the rail R, this arrangement allows the position of the clip 2 to be adjusted laterally by moving the clamping member in translation.
The cavity 10 communicates with the outside through a vertically long opening 12 that is disposed at the rear portion of the insert 1 and opens to the outside simultaneously through the rear surface and the top surface of the insert 1.
The device of the invention also includes two insulating spacers, in particular a parallel insulating spacer 31 provided with an element that is hooked to the insert 1. The spacer 31 is placed on the edge of the pad S between the front surface 1 a of the insert 1 and the bottom surface of the rail R. This parallel spacer 31 also insulates and cooperates with a vertical spacer 32 which is provided between the front face of the clip 2 and the rail R, provided with an element which is fastened to the clip 2.
Between the side surface of the insert 1 and the front surface 1a facing the rail, there is a protruding piece 13 fitted by a hooking element of the parallel spacer 31.
The parallel spacer 31 includes a central portion 310 formed of a straight line for making a load-receiving contact with the bottom surface of the rail R, and transmits a lateral force to the fixed front surface 1a of the insert that acts as a contact notch.
The central portion 310 is extended rearward by a parallel hook arm 311 that fits into the protruding piece 13 of the insert 1. At least the parallel arms 311 and preferably the entire parallel spacer 31 is made of plastic material. Of course, the parallel arm is shaped to cooperate with the shape of the edge 13 on the insert 1.
The vertical spacer 32 includes a substantially flat bottom 320 and a top 321. The bottom is brought into load bearing contact with the rail R under vertical driving force from the clip 2, while nevertheless providing electrical insulation between the rails.
The leading edge of the top 321 connects to the leading edge of the bottom 320 so that the front end of the clip 2 forms a groove in which it engages.
The bottom 320 of the vertical spacer 32 includes an orifice 322 through which the clamp member 4 passes.
The area of the top 321 of the vertical spacer is sufficient to hold the clip 2 and prevent rotation of the vertical spacer relative to the clip.
The rear top surface of the insert 1 (i.e. the part furthest from the rail) has a recess 14, which receives the complementary rear part of the clip 2, i.e. when its front end abuts the rail. And lock it in the assembly position.
In another embodiment (not shown), the wedge recess is provided in a separate element added to the rear end of the insert.
FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the clamping member is constituted by a rivet 4 ′.
The holding element is then constituted by a peripheral collar 41 ′ formed at the bottom of the rivet shank 40 ′ and having an outer diameter larger than the width of the slot 11. The clamping element, together with the holding element, is effectively inserted into the cavity 10 via a hole 110 whose diameter is larger than the width of the receiving surface 41'a of the collar 41 'in addition to the outer diameter of the shank.
Conveniently, the hole 110 is made at the rear end of the slot 111, and insertion of the rivet into the cavity does not involve any deformation of the clip.
Thereafter, the collar 41 ′ is fixed in the cavity 10 by translationally moving the rivet 4 ′ along the lateral path forming slot 111.
No means for preventing rotation is necessary since there is no rotation due to screw tightening to achieve clamping.
In this case, the clamp is made by a ramp 15 formed on the rear of the top of the insert 1.
The inclination 15 serves to elastically deform the clip 2 by forcibly lifting the rear part of the curved shape while moving the clamp member 4 ′ toward the rail R, and the clamp member is engaged with the slot 111. In this case, the collar 41 'is held vertically by the load receiving surface 41'a.
This elastic deformation acts to place the clip under tension and presses its front against the rail R.
When the rivet 4 ′ abuts against the front end of the slot 111, it is advantageous to provide a suitable engagement position to be obtained. This position is ensured and stable by having a recess 14 ′ formed at the top of the ramp 15 and adapted to receive the corresponding curved rear of the clip 2.

Claims (20)

An insert (1) locked to a sleeper, a spring spring clip (2), and at least one insulating spacer (between the rail (R) and the insert (1) and / or clip (2)) 31, 32), a pad (S) on which the rail flange is placed, and a clamp member (4, 4 ') for clamping the clip (2) to the insert (1). , 4 ') is a shank (40) provided at its bottom with a holding element (41, 41') formed by at least one load bearing surface (41a, 42b, 41'a) extending radially from the shank. is constituted by 40 '), the insert (1) is to have a rear end opposite configured front to face the rail and (1a) said front and (1a), the insert (1) On the one hand, the fixed front (1a) that forms the abutment for lateral forces from the rail And, on the other hand, an internal cavity (10) that opens upwardly through at least one top opening (11), each of the top openings being clamped with a clip (2). An assembly made up of members (4, 4 ') is inserted therein and translated and moved along the top opening (11) so that the clamping member within the opening (11) A fixing device for fixing a rail for rail (R) on a sleeper (T), determined by such a method as to fix a holding element (41) in the cavity (10) by appropriate movement,
Said top opening (11) is constituted by a slot (111) extending transversely to the rail, to allow rotation of the clamping member (4, 4 '), and / or holding element ( 41, 41 '), characterized in that it is locally enlarged by a hole (110) for the purpose of allowing insertion into said cavity. The length of the slot (111) is such that the clamping element (4) can be inserted into the cavity (10) by positioning the clamping member (4) in the slot (111). The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is larger than the diameter of the load bearing surface (41a). Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the diameter of the hole (110) is smaller than the diameter of the load bearing surface (41a) of the holding element (41). The width of the slot (111) is larger than the outer diameter of the shank (40) to allow sliding along the slot (111), but the retaining element (41) is fixed in the cavity (10) 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the load receiving surface is smaller than the diameter of the load receiving surface. 5. A device according to claim 1, wherein the dimension of the cavity (10) is larger than the diameter of the load bearing surface (41a) of the holding element (41). The clamping member has at least two parallel surfaces that form an anti-rotation locking element to prevent rotation of the shank about its longitudinal axis when the shank moves into the slot (111) of the opening (11). A bolt (4) having a threaded top on top of the part (43), said retaining element (41) being at least one projecting part (41) projecting radially from the bottom of the shank (40) of the clamping member 41. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises 41a, 41b). 7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the holding element (41) consists of diametrically opposed protrusions (41a, 41b) on both sides of the shank (40) of the clamping member (4). The holding element (41) is inserted vertically into the cavity (10) through the opening (11) and fixed by rotating the clamping member by 90 degrees. The apparatus of claim 1. The clamping member is a rivet (4 ′), and the holding element is constituted by a peripheral collar (41 ′) formed at the bottom end of a shank (40 ′) of the rivet (4 ′). Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The insert (1) has a locking element for locking the rear end of the clip (2) opposite the front end facing the rail of the clip (2) for fixing in the assembled position. 10. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is provided. 11. A device according to claim 10, characterized in that the locking element is in the form of a recess (14) formed in the top surface of the insert at the end furthest from the rail. 12. The device according to claim 10, wherein the locking element is an element added to a rear end of the insert. An element hooked to the insert is provided, a parallel spacer (31) disposed on the edge of the pad (5) between the front surface (1a) of the insert (1) and the bottom surface of the rail (R), and a clip (2 13. A device according to claim 1, further comprising a vertical spacer disposed between the front surface of the clip and the rail. apparatus. 14. The cavity (10) communicates with the outside through a longitudinally long opening (12) disposed in a rear portion of the insert (1) opposite to the rail-facing side. The apparatus of any one of them. 15. The device according to claim 1, wherein the side surface of the insert is joined to the front surface via a protruding edge (13) for snap-tightening engagement of the parallel spacer (31). . The parallel spacer (31) is brought into abutting contact with the bottom surface of the rail, and the parallel hook arm (311) for snap-fastening engagement with the protruding edge (13) of the front surface (1a) of the insert (1). 16. Device according to claim 13 or 15, characterized in that it comprises a straight central part (310) extending in a direction towards the rear end of the insert (1) . 17. Device according to claim 16, characterized in that the parallel arms (311) are made of a plastic material and are shaped to cooperate with the shape of the protruding edge (13) of the insert (1). The vertical spacer (32) forms a substantially flat bottom that abuts against the rail under pressure from the clip (2) and a groove (323) that engages the front end of the clip (2). 14. A device according to claim 13, comprising a top (321) connected to the bottom in such a way. 19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the bottom (320) of the vertical spacer (32) includes an orifice (322) through which the clamping member passes. The device according to claim 14, characterized in that the longitudinal opening (12) of the insert (1) opens to the outside through the rear end and top surface of the insert (1).

Images