Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
  • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
  • E04D13/03—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights
  • E04D13/035—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights characterised by having movable parts
  • E04D13/0357—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights characterised by having movable parts the parts pivoting about an axis supported on a hinged frame or arms
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
  • E05F1/00—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
  • E05F1/08—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings
  • E05F1/10—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance
  • E05F1/1041—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance with a coil spring perpendicular to the pivot axis
  • E05F1/105—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance with a coil spring perpendicular to the pivot axis with a compression spring
  • E05F1/1058—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance with a coil spring perpendicular to the pivot axis with a compression spring for counterbalancing
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
  • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
  • E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefor
  • E05Y2201/622—Suspension or transmission members elements
  • E05Y2201/624—Arms
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
  • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
  • E05Y2800/20—Combinations of elements
  • E05Y2800/22—Combinations of elements of not identical elements of the same category, e.g. combinations of not identical springs
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
  • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
  • E05Y2800/20—Combinations of elements
  • E05Y2800/242—Combinations of elements arranged in parallel relationship
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
  • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
  • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
  • E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
  • E05Y2900/148—Windows
  • E05Y2900/152—Roof windows

Definitions

• a window particularly for installation in an inclined roof surface.
• This invention relates to a window, particularly for installation in an inclined roof surface, comprising a main frame and a frame hinged to the top thereof as well as a frame lifting arm inserted between the main frame and the frame, said arm having one end pivotally connected with a lateral member of the main frame or the frame and its other end pivotally connected with a slide shoe which in a longi ⁇ tudinally displaceable manner is connected with the corre ⁇ sponding lateral member of the frame or the main frame, respectively, and which is associated with a pre-stressed lifting spring, as a first coupling member on the slide shoe is adapted to be brought into engagement with a second coupling member connected with the lifting spring when installing the window at the installation site.
• Such a window is known e.g. from DK patent publication No. 157 695.
• DK patent publication No. 157 695 Herein is described how it is possible, by moving the point of action of the lifting spring, to alter the pre-stressing of the spring in dependence on the roof inclination.
• the pre-stressing interval is insufficient due to the constructive elaboration and the application is thus limited to roof inclinations within a relatively small angular range.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a window in which the window frame can easily be opened and at the same time be kept in a stable position of rest in the whole range of the opening angle for roof inclinations within a large angular range.
• the window is, according to the invention, characterized in that an auxiliary spring is inserted between the slide shoe and the lifting spring, the pre-stressing of which can be adjusted in dependence on the roof inclination, by means of a manually operated adjusting element, for supplementing the spring force from the lifting spring within a given range of the opening angle of the window.
• the window according to the invention can be applied in a roof with different roof inclinations within an angular range covering even very small angles, as e.g. 20°.
• the pre-stressing of the auxiliary spring is not required, as the lifting spring alone provides the required bias force.
• the auxiliary spring is preferably installed as a compression spring and is accommodated in a spring box placed on the tie rod between the lifting spring and a guide rail for the slide shoe between an abutment which is stationary with respect to the tie rod and an abutment which is movable along the spring box.
• the auxiliary spring can easily be manually pre-stressed by moving the movable abutment to a position where the auxiliary spring will be compressed and thereby pre-stressed.
• Fig. 1 illustrates a known window in a schematic side elevation, partially in section, the window being in its open position and the glass-carrying frame released from the intermediate frame,
• Fig. 2 is a schematic side elevation, partially in section, of one of the top corners of the window, and Fig. 3-5 moment graphs on the moments of the frame weight and the spring force about a hinge axis through the hinges .
• the window main frame 1 illustrated in Fig. 1 is, by means of hinges 2, connected in the top with an intermedi ⁇ ate frame 3, which constitutes a support to a glass- carrying pivotal frame 4.
• the pivotal frame 4 is normally connected with the intermediate frame 3 by means of an upper closing means, not shown, the hinges 2 thus being in use at normal operation of the frame during opening and closing, while the pivoting function is mainly used for cleaning the outside of the glass.
• the intermediate frame 3 is supported on each side by lifting arms 5 pivotally connected with the frame 3 at one end and at their other end pivotally connected with slide shoes 6, which are displaceable in a longitudinal direction in guide rails 7 on the upwards facing sides of the main frame or the frame.
• Fig. 2 illustrates one of the top corners of the window seen from the side.
• the slide shoe 6 In its side facing the lifting arm 5, the slide shoe 6 has a hook-shaped recess 8 for engagement with a coupling member 9.
• the coupling member 9 is U-shaped and is, in its mounted position, placed in such a way that the U-branches are positioned on either side of the slide shoe 6 and a transverse pin 9a between the U- branches can engage with the recess 8.
• a tie rod 10 extends through a hole in the bottom of the coupling member 9 and has a head 10a abutting thereon.
• the guide rail 7 In its lower end facing away from the hinges 2, the guide rail 7 has an end bottom 7a firmly connected with a top end lla of a spring box 11 having a U-shaped cross section and guiding an auxiliary spring 12.
• a bottom end lib of the spring box 11 constitutes an abutment for the top end of a lifting spring 13, which at its bottom end 14 has a bush 15 with a nut 16.
• the lifting spring 13 can be pre-stressed to a desired value by screwing the nut 16 upwards towards the upper end of the tie rod.
• the spring box 11 In its wall near the top end lla, the spring box 11 has a recess 17a for receiving a movable abutment 18. Below the recess 17a, in the wall of the spring box 11, there is a plurality of successive recesses 17b, which are also adapted for receiving the movable abutment 18.
• the bottom end of the auxiliary spring 12 bears against an abutment 19 which is stationary with respect to the spring box 11 and can be pre-stressed to a desired value by moving the movable abutment 18 from the recess 17a to one of the recesses 17b, so that the spring 12 will be compressed between the abutments 18 and 19.
• moment graphs are shown for the frame and the springs, respectively, for moments about the hinge axis through the hinges 2 as a function of the opening angle of the frame for a window installed in a roof with a 45° inclination.
• Graph A indicates the moment of the frame weight about the hinge axis, where, as expected, the highest value of the moment is at an opening angle of 45°, i.e. when the frame is in a horizontal position.
• Graph B indicates the effective spring moment when opening the frame, where the moment corresponds to the effect of the springs on the frame through the lifting arm 5. This moment depends on the pre-stressing of the springs 12 and 13 as well as on the opening angle.
• this moment solely originates from the pre-stressing of the lifting spring 13, while the auxiliary spring 12 is inactive, as the movable abutment 18 is placed in a neutral position in the recess 17a, which is placed in such a way that the auxiliary spring 12 at no time is deformed during the opening of the window frame.
• the force which the user of the window needs to add to open the frame has a moment corresponding to the difference between the graphs A and B.
• the spring alone is capable of opening the frame within an angle of up to approx. 3°, as graph B is above graph A within this angular range.
• Graph C indicates the effective spring moment when closing the window, this moment being dependent on the same factors as the moment during the opening.
• Fig. 4 illustrates similar moment graphs for a window installed in a roof with a 20° inclination.
• graph D indicates the moment of the frame weight
• graph B' corresponds to graph B and graph C to graph C in Fig. 3.
• the spring moment is provided by the lifting spring 13 alone, as also in this case the auxiliary spring 12 is inactive as the abutment 18 is placed in the recess 17a.
• the spring 13 must be pre-stressed to a higher value in this case, so that a higher effective spring moment will be obtained in order to easily open the window.
• the spring moment during the opening, graph B' will at a given opening angle, which in this case is approx. 21°, be higher than the moment of the frame weight, which will cause the frame to open by itself during the continued opening movement.
• the spring moment, graph C is lower than the moment of the frame weight at a given angle, which in this case is approx. 6°, and within this angular range the window will be self-closing. This implies that the window frame can only be placed in a stable position of rest within a small angular range, which in this case ranges from 6° to 21°.
• Fig. 5 shows the graphs corresponding to Figs.
• the lifting spring 13 and the auxiliary spring 12 cooperate up to a given opening angle, which in this case is approx. 27°, and which will be dependent on the pre-stressing of the auxiliary spring 12.
• the auxiliary spring 12 is undeformed and thus no longer contributes to the total spring moment, for which reason the lifting spring 13, as is apparent from graph B' , operates alone in the angular range from this opening angle and up to a completely open position of the window.
• the graphs C ' and C describe the total spring moment during closing of the window.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)
• Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)
• Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
• Window Of Vehicle (AREA)
• Door And Window Frames Mounted To Openings (AREA)
• Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
• Connection Of Plates (AREA)

Priority Applications (9)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8104265

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (15)

Cited By (8)

Families Citing this family (25)

Citations (6)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 1993
  • 1993-12-10 DK DK138393A patent/DK170718B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1994
  • 1994-12-09 SK SK712-96A patent/SK71296A3/sk unknown
  • 1994-12-09 HU HU9601398A patent/HU219511B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1994-12-09 EP EP95903764A patent/EP0733146B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-12-09 PL PL94314871A patent/PL176763B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1994-12-09 AU AU12716/95A patent/AU1271695A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1994-12-09 US US08/652,509 patent/US5689916A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-12-09 CN CN94194447.6A patent/CN1093210C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-12-09 AT AT95903764T patent/ATE154411T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1994-12-09 CZ CZ19961665A patent/CZ289954B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1994-12-09 JP JP51590295A patent/JP3510259B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-12-09 RU RU96114905A patent/RU2126481C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1994-12-09 DE DE69403814T patent/DE69403814T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-12-09 ES ES95903764T patent/ES2105881T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-12-09 WO PCT/DK1994/000461 patent/WO1995016097A1/en active IP Right Grant

Patent Citations (6)

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