Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
  • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
  • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
  • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
  • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
  • B05B3/02—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
  • B05B3/04—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet
  • B05B3/0409—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet with moving, e.g. rotating, outlet elements
  • B05B3/0418—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet with moving, e.g. rotating, outlet elements comprising a liquid driven rotor, e.g. a turbine
  • B05B3/0422—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet with moving, e.g. rotating, outlet elements comprising a liquid driven rotor, e.g. a turbine with rotating outlet elements
  • B05B3/0427—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet with moving, e.g. rotating, outlet elements comprising a liquid driven rotor, e.g. a turbine with rotating outlet elements the outlet elements being directly attached to the rotor or being an integral part of it
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
  • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
  • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
  • B07B1/18—Drum screens
  • B07B1/22—Revolving drums
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
  • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
  • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
  • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
  • B07B1/50—Cleaning
  • B07B1/55—Cleaning with fluid jets

Definitions

• the consumption of liquid is of importance, particularly when it is desirable to supply a washing medium for a cleaning purpose with a certain pressure to the material or the surface of any material that is to be washed. It might for instance be the spraying of cars, hulls of boats, buildings, and also plants or loose material, such as stones or sand.
• capillary rise reducing washing i.e. such washing that leads to a smaller tendency of so called capillary rise in the washed material.
• a capillary rise tendency as small as possible is desirable in a material which is to be used as a building material for instance.
• capillary rise reducing washing is imple ⁇ mented in drums or in open plansifters, and in water baths as to finer fractions.
• Plan washing machines normally have a capacity of 80-200 tons of material/hour, and the water consumption then is in the range of 1000-2000 litres/minute, i.e. approximately 750-1500 litres/ton material.
• Washing drums which are used for finer fractions and smaller quantities than plansifters, normally have a capacity of 25-40 tons/hour, and the water consumption is approximately 750- 1200 litres/minute, depending on the required degree of purity.
• the water water being the medium that is generally used in this context, is normally pumped at a pressure of 6-8 bars into manifolds or nozzles that are located in the drum or above a sieving grate arranged at the plan sifter and accordingly sprays the material which is to be washed and which advances within the drum or upon the sieving grate.
• a drawback of the prior art is the large amount of water which is required for a certain spraying result, in this case the washing result. This drawback also yields problems such as, for in ⁇ stance, large sludge basins that have to be arranged for the large amounts of waste water, and also the acquisition of water can be troublesome and costly.
• nozzles or mani ⁇ folds used provide too small a spray image, i.e. surface sprayed upon, as at a certain, in general short, distance they are spraying the material that, for instance, is to be washed with the washing medium in question, and when it is required that a good cleaning ability is to be obtained in the sprayed area comprised by the spray image.
• a particular drawback of the prior art with regard to capillary rise reducing washing is the relatively large capillary rise tendency presented by the washed material, e.g. shingle or macadam, also after the execution of the wash. ig.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a method that reduces the consumed amount of liquid in compari ⁇ son to prior art during the spraying of a material, as an equiva ⁇ lent or even better result is obtained from the spraying.
• this method is characterized in that a spraying medium is supplied to the material as a movable member, provided with outlets for the spraying medium, is set in motion.
• Said movable member is preferably a rotatable member, such as a wing, which is rotated and on which nozzles are arranged.
• a rotatable member such as a wing
• the spraying medium is a washing medium, preferably water or a mixture of water and air
• a brushing effect is thus obtained without the need of using any conven ⁇ tional brush.
• a conventional brush becomes worn as it is contact with the washed material, which is not the case with the equipment of the present invention.
• the movable member can be driven by means of oblique posi ⁇ tioning of the nozzles in relation the to material that is to be sprayed.
• Drive by means of an electric motor, water turbine or hydraulic means are other possible, alternative methods.
• the method takes into account that the outlets are rotated in relation to the movable member.
• An example thereof is when the nozzle, which is fixed on a rotating wing is rotated in relation to the wing.
• the brushing ef ⁇ fect of the spraying medium, generated by rotational motions, is further amplified.
• the spraying relates to washing and the spraying medium is a washing medium.
• the material is moved about as it passes the movable member. This means that the material is subjected to a motion which rearranges the material so that a maximum part of the material will become brushed. This prerequisites that the material is of such a fragmental sort that this can occur, which is the case with shingle and macadam.
• prewashing of the material is included, and according to another embodiment it includes finishing rinsing of the material. Preferably, but not necissarily, prewashing and finishing rinsing take place at a pressure of approximately 20- 25 bars, and with fixed or, preferably, rotating outlets in the form of rotatable nozzles.
• the invention also comprises an embodiment of the method, which embodiment includes the supply of a capillary rise reducing medium. Preferably this is done after the rest of the washing steps have been finished or in connection with a finishing rinsing step.
• a capillary rise reducing medium As related to, it acquires a significantly smaller capillary rise tendency than if this had not been the case.
• said method is characterized in that the supply of media takes place through the rotating of one or more of the outlets ar ⁇ ranged for this purpose.
• the object of the present invention is also to provide a device which leads to reduction of the consumed amount of liquid in comparison with prior art during the spraying of a material, and that an equivalent or even better spraying result is obtained.
• this device is characterized in that it comprises a movably arranged, movable member provided with first outlets for a spraying medium.
• the movable member is a rotating wing and the outlets are, preferably, nozzles arranged on said wing, to which nozzles the spraying medium is conducted through the movable member.
• the outlets are, preferably, nozzles arranged on said wing, to which nozzles the spraying medium is conducted through the movable member.
• the device is characterized in that the outlets are comprising first nozzles which are rotatable in relation to the movable member.
• these first nozzles are of a sort that will be further described later.
• These nozzles obtain a high rotational speed as they are flowed through by a spraying medium under high pressure.
• the rotat ⁇ ing jets preferably of water, slung out from the nozzle under high pressure get a brushing effect through their circulating mo ⁇ tion.
• they also provide a larger spray image than conventional nozzles, thereby requiring a smaller number of nozzles in comparison to the prior art.
• the spraying preferably relates to washing, and the spraying medium is a washing medium.
• the device is characterized in that it also comprises second nozzles for the supply of a prewashing medium to the material.
• These nozzles are ar ⁇ ranged before the movable member, as seen in the material ad ⁇ vancing direction, i.e. the material which is to be washed passes these nozzles before it passes the movable member.
• these nozzles are rotatably designed, which implies the advantage of fewer nozzles being required and the amount of water consumed being reduced.
• the device according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises third nozzles, intended for the supply of a rinsing medium to the material.
• these third nozzles are arranged after the movable member, as seen in the material advancing direction, i.e. the washed material is confronted to the medium sprayed from these nozzles after it has passed or been passed by the movable member.
• these nozzles are also rotatably designed to give the best possible rinsing effect and the smallest possible consumption of medium.
• this medium is water or, when a small capillary rise is requested, water with the addition of a capillary rise reducing means.
• Another embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that said device comprises fourth nozzles for the supply of a capillary rise reducing means to the material, and in still another embodiment the third and fourth nozzles are identical, i.e. they are located at the same site in the device and supply the material with an identical mixture of rinsing medium and capillary rise reducing means.
• a further object of the present invention is to provide a nozzle which is so designed that it, thanks to the direction that it gives the sprayed medium, at a given distance from the material which is to be washed and at a given pressure, provides a larger spray image than does a nozzle or a jet according to the prior art.
• this nozzle for spraying a medium is characterized in that it is rotatably designed.
• the rotatable design makes it possible to rotate the nozzle while it simultane ⁇ ously sprays out medium towards a surface which, for instance, is to be washed. Thereby the rotating, brushing motion of the medium, as already mentioned, and a larger spray image is obtained than if no rotatable design exists.
• the nozzle comprises a fixed part and a rotatable part.
• the design of the latter is such that the rotatable part comprises a first rotating means, which, by means of force affection from the medium flowing through the nozzle, is intended to set the rotatable part in rotation.
• the nozzle is characterized in that the first rotating means is a turbine-like member arranged inside the rotatable part.
• turbine-like member is here referred to as, by way of example, a member provided with a turbine blade, which member is arranged inside the rotatable part and sets the latter in rotation when it is subjected to a flow of a medium.
• the first rotating means is a member shaped as a spiral or a thread of a screw and arranged inside the rotatable part
• the nozzle comprises a second rotating means to set the medium passing through the fixed part in a rotating motion.
• this rotating means comprises a member shaped as a spiral or a thread of a screw and is arranged in the fixed part.
• the two spiral-shaped members are preferably arranged with their pitches in different directions.
• a further embodiment of the nozzle is characterized in that the free end piece of the rotatable part is releasably arranged on said rotatable part.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide a washing drum for the washing of a material passing through the body of the washing drum, the drum using a smaller amount of liquid in comparison with prior art as an equivalent or even better washing result is obtained.
• This washing drum is characterized in that it comprises rotat ⁇ ably arranged nozzles to sprinkle one or more media onto a ma ⁇ terial. By means of the rotatably arranged nozzles the rotating brushing motion aimed at is obtained.
• each of the nozzles respectively has a larger spray image than the nozzles of prior art at a given liquid pressure and a given distance to the material which is to be sprayed upon, a smaller number of nozzles can be employed, with a reduced water consumption as a consequence thereof, without the washing result thereby being deteriorated.
• one or more nozzles are arranged in connection with the part of the washing drum where the material is brought into the latter. They then preferably supply a prewashing medium to the material which is to be washed.
• one or more nozzles are arranged in connection with the part of the washing drum where the material is brought out of the latter. These are preferably used to supply the material with washing medium, finishing rinse medium and, occasionally, capillary rise reducing means.
• Another object of the invention is to provide a method for capillary rise reducing treatment.
• This method is characterized in that a capillary rise reducing means is supplied to the material.
• the material to be washed is fragmental, mineral material, such as shingle or macadam.
• a particular embodiment of this method which comprises an in ⁇ itial prewashing step, is characterized in that a washing medium is supplied to the material. Any further washing steps are possible between the prewashing and the supply of the capillary rise reducing means.
• the invention also relates to the use of sodium alcane sul- phonate or sodium benzoate or a mixture of these as the active agent in a washing medium for the treatment of fragmental, mineral material, such as shingle or macadam. It also relates to the use of a polymer emulsion as the active agent in a capillary rise reducing means for the treatment of fragmental, mineral material. A great advantage of these liquids is that they are non-polluting. Furthermore, the washing medium is easy to rinse away.
• the polymer is a silicone polymer.
• Fig 1 is a side view of a plan sifter according to the invention.
• Fig 2 is a view from above of the plan sifter of Fig 1 ;
• Fig 3 is partially broken side view of the washing drum accord ⁇ ing to the invention.
• Fig 4 is a cross sectional view of a rotatably designed nozzle according to the invention.
• Fig 1 shows, schematically, a plan sifter 1 comprising a mov ⁇ able member 2 in the form of a rotatable wing which is supplied with a medium via a centrally located inlet 3 and which is provided with outlets 4 in the form of nozzles that are rotatable in relation to the wing, to spray out the medium in question onto a material 5 which is to be washed.
• a preferred embodiment of such a nozzle will be discussed more in detail later.
• the medium is water or a water-air mixture.
• the device comprises a sieving grate 6 on which the material is supposed to be conveyed.
• the sieving grate 6 slopes downwards in the advancing direction of the material to facilitate the conveying of the latter.
• the sieving grate 6 is equipped with a member 7 that moves about or reorganizes the material. This moving about preferably occurs just before the central position of the movable member 2, as seen in the material advancing direction.
• the member 7 is a cam arranged on the sieving grate.
• the rate of rotation of the movable member is 1-1 ,5 rota ⁇ tions per second.
• the device according to this preferred embodiment is provided with nozzles 8, 9, before as well as after the movable member, as seen in the material advancing direction.
• nozzles 8, 9, before as well as after the movable member, as seen in the material advancing direction are of a rotatable sort to minimize the number of nozzles required and the amount of water consumed.
• the nozzles 8 located before the movable member 2 are in ⁇ tended for the prewashing of the material, the latter being supplied with a prewashing medium.
• the nozzles 9 located after the movable member 2 are intended for the finishing rinsing, the material being supplied with a means for finishing rinsing, preferably water.
• These nozzles 8, 9 are arranged on two carriers 10, 11 respectively, which, according to Fig 2, are supplied with water via separate supply lines 13, 14. Accord ⁇ ingly, in the preferred embodiment, a row of nozzles is arranged on each carrier.
• a pressure of 20-25 bars is enough for the medium used in the nozzles 8, 9 respectively for prewashing and finishing rinsing, while the pressure of the medium in the movable member 2 preferably is at least 40 bars.
• another row of nozzles 15 is arranged after the nozzles 9 for finishing rinsing, as seen in the material advancing direction. These spray the washed material with a capillary rise reducing means, "capillary stop”.
• a washing drum 16 accord ⁇ ing to the invention is shown.
• This one is designed as a cylinder carried by a shaft (not shown).
• the cylinder slopes obliquely downwards, as seen in the material advancing direction.
• its periphery is formed by a grate or some sort of cloth 19 provided with holes.
• Its inter ⁇ mediate portion 20 is formed as a tight washing part, in which the material is supposed to be moved about.
• the task of the grate or the hole cloth 19 is to permit the washing or rinsing medium that has been supplied to the material to go through to collecting members 21 , 22 for such media, said collecting members being connected to said grate or cloth.
• the collecting members 21 , 22 are formed by fun ⁇ nels located beneath the drum.
• a rotatable nozzle 23 is arranged where the material flows into the drum. This nozzle sprays the material with means which preferably contains water and in which sodium alcane sulphonate or sodium benzoate or a mixture of these is included as the active agent.
• a set of preferably rotatable nozzles 24 are arranged in a finishing washing/finishing rinsing purpose.
• they use pure water or a mixture of water- air of high pressure, i.e. above approximately 20-25 bars.
• nozzles 25 are arranged where the material is let out of the drum. These nozzles treat the material with a capillary rise reducing means, in this capillary rise reducing means a polymer emulsion is used as the active agent, the polymer preferably being a silicone polymer.
• Fig 4 shows a preferred embodiment of a rotatably designed nozzle 26.
• this nozzle has a fixed part 27 and a rotatable part 28.
• both parts present a cylindrical design, one of the parts, in this case the rotatable one, being partially positioned on the outside of the other one.
• a bearing member (not shown) permits the ro ⁇ tatable part to rotate in relation to the fixed one, and at the same time prevents it from gliding off the fixed part in the lengthwise direction.
• the rotatable part comprises a first rotating means 29, which, through force affection of a medium flowing through the nozzle 26, is intended to set the ro- tatable part 28 in rotation.
• this rotating means 29 is comprised by a spiral-shaped member arranged in the rotatable part.
• the latter can be compared to a part with the shape of a screw thread and is fixedly arranged in the rotatable part 28. Accordingly, a medium flowing through the nozzle 26 will suggest to turn the rotatable part as it hits this first rotating means 29.
• the fixed part 27 has a spiral-shaped, second rotating means 30.
• the second rotating means 30 is a spiral-shaped member, the direction of thread of which is opposite to that of the rotating means 29 arranged in the rotatable part. This makes the medium conveyed in the nozzle 26 rotate in a certain direction.
• the rate of rotation is varied.
• the free end piece 31 of the rotatable part, and thereby of the nozzle, is releasably arranged on the rotatable part 28, here by means of a threaded coupling 32.
• This end piece 31 can thus be substituted to be replaced by another end piece, which as to shape, number of outlet openings, design and direction of the latters etc., differs from the former.
• a movable member in the form of a rotating wing
• a member which executes some other motion e.g. an oscillating one
• the described plan sifter can be designed in different ways, e.g. as a perforated conveyor band, any sloping of the device no longer being required.
• washing medium and the capillary rise reducing means is preferably comprised of water besides the active agents respectively.
• a significantly reduced water consumption is obtained with a device according to the invention at a plan sifter for shingle or macadam.
• the water consumption of the prior art is approximately I000-2000 litres/minute
• the consumption for the device according to the invention is only in the order of 100-200 litres/minute.

Landscapes

• Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
• Nozzles (AREA)
• Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
• Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)
• Road Paving Machines (AREA)
• Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=20391321

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (7)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (6)

• 1993
  • 1993-10-05 SE SE9303256A patent/SE9303256D0/xx unknown
• 1994
  • 1994-10-05 DE DE69427644T patent/DE69427644D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-10-05 AU AU78666/94A patent/AU7866694A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1994-10-05 WO PCT/SE1994/000925 patent/WO1995009696A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1994-10-05 AT AT94929710T patent/ATE202728T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1994-10-05 EP EP94929710A patent/EP0722366B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (7)

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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