WO1995002522A1

WO1995002522A1 - Loading and unloading system for transport containers

Info

Publication number: WO1995002522A1
Application number: PCT/DE1994/000875
Authority: WO
Inventors: Johannes Schröter
Original assignee: Rollfracht Spedition + Transport Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 1993-07-15
Filing date: 1994-07-15
Publication date: 1995-01-26
Also published as: DE4324195A1; AU7226594A

Abstract

Proposed is a loading and unloading system for transport container (13) containing goods to be transported, particularly a container which is oriented in the longitudinal direction and whose ends are not accessible. A truck (1) fitted with per se prior art hoist and transfer gear which includes a container-holding device reverses up to a container (13), at right angles to the container, on which a carrying frame (6) is mounted. The container-holding device on the truck is inserted into a suspension device located on the carrying frame (6) and the container is lifted by the hoist and transfer gear so that it hangs from the hoist and transfer gear through the container holding device. If necessary, the truck can drive a short distance away, with the container (13) suspended from the hoist and transfer gear, and load the container (13) on another truck for further transport, or the container (13) can be turned by a turning device (45) and loaded onto the truck which picked it up.

Description

Umschlaσsvstem for containers containing cargo

The invention relates to a handling system for containers containing goods to be transported.

For the transport of goods, containers are generally used as containers which are transported by ship, train or motor vehicle and which have standardized dimensions worldwide. For example, the containers transported by sea are unloaded from the ship in a port by means of a crane device or the like and placed on a train located in the immediate vicinity of the landing stage. The trains are unloaded at their destination with cranes and large forklifts, the containers being temporarily stored or loaded directly onto trucks. Since crane systems or large forklifts are required for unloading, the trains have to stop at stations equipped for unloading, and stations that are not required can be reached. will be. Long trains are therefore used on the one hand and on the other hand the transported goods or the containers from the collecting station have to be transported long distances again by truck in order to reach their final destination. This means that even if smaller stations were located near the final destination, they cannot be used because there are no crane systems or the necessary large forklifts.

The invention has for its object to provide a transshipment system with which the existing transport routes can be better utilized while avoiding additional traffic and which can be used for handling containers. Z. necessary crane systems or large forklift can be dispensed with.

This object is achieved by the features of the main claim.

The fact that a truck with a known lifting, tilting and pushing device, which comprises a hook device, is used as a device with which a container standing in a row is lifted out of the row, there is no need for cranes or large forklifts . The truck can drive backwards to the container to be handled in the row, on which a supporting frame is attached and fastened. The holding device of the lifting, tilting and sliding device is connected to an attachment / hitching device attached to the support frame above the container, the container is then raised and the truck moves away from the container Line, and the container can then be brought into the position suitable for further transport.

A major advantage of the transshipment system according to the invention is that all and all kinds of stations can be reached with small and medium-sized trains, at which they can be loaded and unloaded with appropriate trucks. In this way, roads can be relieved, since the trucks required for the further transport of the containers do not have to cover the long distances from and to the collecting stations, but only the shorter distance from the nearest train station to the final destination. This makes the transport system for containers much more flexible.

Because of the support frame with an attachment / hitch device, which is specially adapted to the holding device of the lifting, tilting and sliding device of the truck, a truck can be equipped with the lifting, tilting and

Sliding device for the new function of the envelope road / rail or rail / road can be used, it also has the ability of a mobile crane and can take over its possibilities.

The measures specified in the subclaims make advantageous further developments and improvements possible.

The different embodiments of the supporting frame with the attachment / attachment devices for adaptation to the generally known hook arm of a roll-off tipper or to one with a cable winch and deflecting rollers for chains, ropes or the like. Lifting, tilting and pushing device of one Allow skip loaders the use of different containers such as ISO containers, swap bodies and the like.

A displacement of the attachment / hitching device relative to the support frame and the use of a sprocket arrangement for chains, ropes and the like enables adaptation to the center of gravity of the container. The container can be rotated, for example, by 90 ° from a transverse position into a longitudinal position and vice versa, by providing a rotating device between the hanging / attaching device and the supporting frame, which further facilitates the turning over of the containers.

The hook arm extension according to the invention to be inserted / to be applied with an integrated rotating mechanism also allows

Loads farther away than. raise that of the actual hook arm depending on the load, so that a comparable function of a mobile crane can be provided.

The so-called claw support to be extended with rotatable and swiveling wheels largely minimizes the tipping moment when loaded and the wheels enable the truck and the container to be aligned with one another.

The invention is explained in more detail in the following description with reference to the drawings. Show it:

1 - the top view of a rail vehicle with a container with a carrying device and a truck with a hook device for loading and unloading, 2 shows the side view of the truck shown in FIG. 1 with hook device and container and carrying device,

3 shows a side view of a truck designed as a skip loader with a lifting, tilting and pushing device with ropes guided over deflection pulleys and on a container with a carrying device arranged transversely to the skip truck.

4 is a side view corresponding to FIG. 3 with the container rotated,

5 is a plan view of the truck with container corresponding to FIG. 4,

6 shows a side view of the skip loader according to FIGS. 3 to 5 with a loaded container,

7 is a side view of a support frame and 8 according to a further embodiment of the invention,

9 top and side view of a support frame according to yet another embodiment,

Fig. 10 plan and side view of an extendable hook arm and Fig. 11 - top view and side views of another embodiment of a support frame.

1 and 2 show a truck 1 as it is used, for example, for ^" unloading containers that are on a short train or on a train of medium length. The truck 1 has a known lifting device". , Tilting and sliding device 2. The lifting, tilting and sliding device is provided with a hydraulically or pneumatically actuated tilting frame and a hook arm 3 which can be moved into the tilting frame and which in turn is still pivotable and has a gripper 4 at its end.

Several containers 13, for example ISO containers, are arranged one behind the other on a train trailer 14 and have to be unloaded. For this purpose, a support frame 6 is fastened to the container 13 and is required for the handling of the containers 13. The support frame consists of a central support 7 and cross supports 8, a handle element 9 being fixedly connected to the support 7 in the center, which can consist of a rod fixed in jaws. Locking elements are arranged at the corners of the crossbeams 8, which engage in elongated holes provided in the container 13 and are hydraulically transversed, as a result of which they form a so-called "twistlock" connection. Such elongated holes are standardized and provided worldwide in the containers. The gripping elements of cranes, for example, also engage in such elongated holes. The design of the support frame 6 is only given as an example. It can also consist of a frame with cross struts, the handle element 9 being fastened to the cross struts.

Laterally extendible at its rear area support wheels 12 are provided as outrigger, ^• and at least 180 ° are rotatably pivoted on the support of the truck.

At the transfer point, ie at the point where, for example, the train according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is to be unloaded, the truck, in the example a roll-off tipper, travels backwards as close as possible with the lifting, tilting and pushing device 2 the trailer wagon 14 of the train to be unloaded in such a way that it is approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the container 13 to be unloaded. The container 13 has, for example, a length of 6 m and a width of 2.45 m, ie it is longer than the width of the loading area of the truck 1. The truck 1 extends its support wheels 12 and, if no support frame 6 is yet open the container is located, a support frame 6 guided on the hook arm 3, which it had previously accommodated, rests on the container 13, so that the locking elements provided on the corners of the support frame 6 fit into the corresponding corners of the container 13 provided locking holes engage, the locking elements for centering are formed conically. The hydraulically actuated locking elements are locked by turning in the locking holes designed as elongated holes. As can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tilting frame of the lifting, tilting and pushing device is approximately perpendicular to the loading surface of the truck 1 and parallel to the height of the container 13, the hook arm 3 overlaps the container 13 up to its center. In this position, the hook arm 3 is extended further upwards by the lifting, tilting and sliding device, so that the container 13 is lifted vertically from the trailer 14 standing on the rails. The support wheels 12 take on the function of supporting the rear part of the truck 1 and at the same time serve to align the truck to the container or vice versa, since they are able to roll somewhat, depending on the position.

The truck 1 can now roll forward slowly with the container 13 on the hook arm 3 and then place the container 13 on a corresponding truck that has been brought up or on the ground. If the same truck is to unload 1 further containers, the support frame 6 is unlocked by the container 13 standing on the ground, and the truck moves back into the position shown in FIG. 1.

The container or containers 13 standing on the ground can be transported further by corresponding trucks 1. For this purpose, the truck 1 drives backwards in front of the end face of the container 13, the gripper 4 on the hook arm 3 engages around a handle 15 fastened to the end face of the container 13, and the container 13 is opened by the lifting, tilting and pushing device pulled the loading area of the truck 1, whereby at the rear end of the truck motor vehicle rollers are provided, over which the container rolls with its bottom surface. If there is no handle 15 on the container, another supporting frame with a handle can be attached to the front of the container.

In this way, one or more trucks equipped with known lifting, tipping and pushing devices can transport containers from and to a train without the need for cranes or the like. The handling system was described above during a unloading process, of course containers can also be transported by truck to a train station and loaded onto the train there.

In the above exemplary embodiment, sea containers with the specified dimensions were used; the handling system is also suitable for containers of other dimensions. It is conceivable, for example, that rubble containers, which can also have smaller dimensions, can be handled in the manner described above. Rubble containers of this type are often used to collect rubble at small construction sites and are often located on the roadside, on which motor vehicles are parked in a row at the same time. In such a case, the container can be lifted sideways out of the row of parked cars. In the event that small containers are used, these can be moved away directly on the truck in the state that is tilted by 90 ° to the standing surface on the floor, the container being covered with a lid. If necessary, a rotating device can be arranged in the hook arm, which rotates the container by one in the position according to FIG. 2 vertical axis can rotate, but this is only possible for small containers. In addition, the hook arm can be provided with a joint which allows the hook arm to be pivoted in such a way that a vertically raised container can be pivoted parallel to the depositing plane.

So that the support frame 6 can be adapted to different dimensions of the containers, in particular with regard to their length, the longitudinal beams of the support frame can be designed to be displaceable in their length.

Another embodiment of the transshipment system according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 3 to 6. In this case, the truck is designed as a skip loader, in which the lifting, tilting and pushing device 5 has two extendable hydraulic cylinders 30 arranged laterally next to the loading area with lifting arms 31 articulated thereon, which can be pivoted at the rear end of the loading area of the Lastkraftwa¬ gens 1 are attached. Another arm 32 is pivotally connected to the end of the lifting arms 31.

On the truck 1, two cable winches 33 are provided behind the driver's cab and chains 34, ropes or the like are guided to the free end of the arms 32 via deflection rollers 35 which are fastened to the arms 31, 32.

On the chains or ropes 34, the support frame for transporting the container 13 can be fastened, for example, using hooks, shackles or the like, a different embodiment of a support frame than that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 being used, which is shown in FIGS Principle is shown in Fig. 9. The support frame 36 has a turntable 37 by means of which the container 13 is rotated from its position shown in FIG. 3 after vertical lifting via the cable or chain device 33, 34 into the position shown in FIG. 4, the Truck 1, on the one hand, roll away somewhat from the trailer 14 and, on the other hand, has to lower the container 13 somewhat so that it passes the lifting arms 31 when it rotates.

In the position according to FIG. 4, the container 13 can be loaded onto the loading surface of the truck 1 by actuating the hydraulic cylinders 30 and the arms 31, 32 and the cable winches 33, the maximum pivoting radius being designated by 39. This is in

6, in which the truck 1 is ready to drive, and it can be seen that the support frame 36 is stowed on the truck 1.

The support frame 36 does not extend over the entire length of the container 13, but lies on the container in its central area and is held by ropes or chains 38, which are on the one hand on the support frame 36 and on the other hand in the locking corners of the container 13 are attached.

FIG. 9 shows a support frame 36 used in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 3 to 6. The support frame 36 has two longitudinal beams 40 which are connected to one another via two cross beams 41. Parallel to the longitudinal members 40, struts 42 are arranged between the cross members 41, on which a carriage 43 is slidably seated and is driven by a piston-cylinder arrangement 44 connected to a cross member. There's one on the car Rotary device 45 attached to the slewing ring, which is driven by a motor 46. A support 47 is connected to the rotating device 45 and has at its ends perforated devices 48 for hanging chains, ropes or the like. Corresponding hole devices 49 are provided at the ends of the cross members 40.

The rotating device 45 can be used to rotate beams 47 with hole devices 48 relative to the transverse and longitudinal beams 41, 40, so that a container connected to the transverse and longitudinal beams can rotate relative to its hanging / hanging device. The suspension / suspension device 47, 48 can be displaced in the longitudinal direction via the carriage 43, as a result of which an adaptation to the center of gravity of the container is possible.

Instead of the hole devices 49 at the ends of the longitudinal members 40, locking elements can also be provided for interacting with the locking holes of the container 13, and the hole devices 48 can also be replaced by a centrally arranged handle element.

3 to 6, a support frame 36 was used, the longitudinal beams of which correspond in length to the transverse beams 41, i.e. extend only part of the length of the container.

In the case of a hanging / hitching device which is fixed in the longitudinal direction, a shift in weight can be achieved by means of different rope or chain lengths for the attachment to the container. Another support frame 50 in the simplest way is shown in Fig. 11. It essentially consists of a cross member 51 with a central grip element 52 and at the ends of connecting plates 53 which are provided with holes 54. This support frame is placed transversely on the container, the lateral connecting plates 53 engaging over the upper edge of the container. Ropes or chains are hooked into the holes 54, which engage in the locking holes of the containers. According to the adjustment of the lengths of the ropes to the front and rear locking holes of the containers, an adaptation to the center of gravity of the container can be made.

To facilitate such an adjustment, a

Pinion arrangement are provided, in which rotatable and lockable pinion gears connected to each other of the carrier 51 are attached, over which ropes or chains are guided.

Instead of the holes 54 and the hole devices 48, 49 of the support frames 36, 50, approaches can be provided around the loops of the ropes or chains.

The figures 7 and 8 show a further exemplary embodiment of a support frame 21 which is suitable, for example, for containers designed as interchangeable platforms. 8 shows a view transversely to the longitudinal direction of a container, while FIG. 7 shows a schematic view from the side indicated by arrow 22 in FIG. 8. This support frame 21 has two fixed gripper arms 24, 25, that is to say arranged at an angle of 90 ° to a carrier arrangement 23, and two swiveling movable gripper arms 26, 27 7, in FIG. 7 the gripper arm 26 is still in the plane of the carrier arrangement 23, while the other 27 is partially pivoted. A handle element 28 for the gripper 4 of the hook arm 3 of the lifting, tilting and pushing device 2 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) is in turn fastened to the carrier arrangement 23. The support frame is carried by the hook arm with swiveled movable gripper arms 26, 27 and brought to the side of a container so that the angled ends 29 of the fixed gripper arms 24, 25 den

Can reach under or engage in corresponding recesses. The gripper arms 24 to 27 are laterally displaceable in the carrier arrangement 23 via a hydraulic arrangement. Subsequently, the movable gripper arms 26, 27 are pivoted down from their swiveled-up position and also hydraulically shifted laterally, so that their angled ends 29 are brought into the corresponding position relative to the container.

10 shows an extension 16 for the hook arm 3 of the lifting, tilting and sliding device 2, which enables handling or lifting of containers and loads which are wider than twice the length of the hook arm 3 or are arranged at a greater distance. The hook arm extension 16 has a hydraulically telescopically pushable arm 17, at the end of which a hook 18 is attached. Furthermore, a fastening device 19 is provided on the hook arm extension, which is gripped by the gripper 4 of the actual hook arm 3, the rear region of the hook arm extension 16 being supported on the actual hook arm 3. The hook 18 is integrated in a rotating device 20 provided at the end of the hook extension 16, so that it can be rotated together with the suspended load or container.

The handling system according to the invention is also suitable for handling floating containers from and into the water of a waterway, in which the truck travels up to the edge of a bank, preferably designed as a quay wall, on which a container to be accommodated lies. As described above, the supporting frame is placed on the container, the hook arm being arranged in a position offset downward from FIG. 3. After the support frame has been locked, the hook arm is moved upwards and the container is lifted out of the water. If a container transported by the truck is to be let into the water, it is first set down in the longitudinal direction by the truck, the truck moves transversely to the container, so that the gripper can grip the handle element aligned with the container in the longitudinal direction whereupon the container is raised. In this position, the truck moves up to the edge of the quay wall, and the support wheels are extended so that the weight can be fully brought back to the rear end of the truck. The lifting, tipping and If the sliding device 2 is vertical again, the hook arm 3 can be lowered until the container floats in the water, and it is even easier to turn it over with the handling system according to FIGS.

For the transshipment system according to the invention, a skip loader can also be used as a truck, in which the tipper is located on the side of the loading area provided lifting and ejecting arms are connected at their ends to one another via a rigid connecting element, a hook or gripper being arranged on the rigid connecting element in order to also open or slide off a hook roll container.

Intermediate elements such as chains, ropes, belts, hangers or the like can be provided between the holding device of the truck and the carrying device for the container, and the carrying device itself can also be designed as chains, ropes, belts, hangers or the like have an attachment / hitching device and engage the container.

Claims

claims

1. Handling system for a container (13) containing goods to be transported, with a truck (1) having a known lifting, tilting and pushing device (2,5), the lifting, tilting and pushing device comprises a holding device, and with a carrying device (6, 36, 50), which is to be arranged on or around the container and can be connected to it, and which has an attachment / hanging device (9, 48) for engagement with the holding device has such that the container in a position with its longitudinal axis transverse to the longitudinal axis of the truck (1) with the lifting, tilting and pushing device

Holding device can be raised freely.

2. Handling system according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the holding device has a hook device (3).

3. Handling system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the truck has at least one winch (33) with chains, ropes or the like (34) and the lifting,

The tilting and sliding device (5) is provided with deflecting rollers (35) for deflecting the chains, ropes or the like, and that the chains, ropes or the like are part of the holding device.

4. Handling system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lifting, tilting and sliding device (5) two laterally pivotable on the truck lifting and ejecting has arms (31, 32) on which the deflection rollers (35) are attached.

5. Envelope system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the carrying device is designed as a supporting frame (6, 36, 50) which is to be arranged above the container.

6. Envelope system according to claim 5, characterized in that the support frame has locking elements which engage in the locking holes provided at the corners of the container and together with these, for example, form a "twistlock" connection.

7. Envelope system according to claim 5, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the support frame with connecting elements (48,49) is provided for the releasable connection with chains, ropes or the like, which is provided in the corners of the container

Engage locking holes.

8. Envelope system according to claim 5, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the support frame is provided with a pinion arrangement on the chains, ropes or the like leads with variable lengths ge, which engage in provided at the corners of the container locking holes.

9. Handling system according to claim 5, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that optionally pivotable and / or displaceable gripper arms (24-27) are arranged on the support frame, which encompass the container laterally.

10. Envelope system according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the Einhang- / Anhängervor¬ direction (47,48) is arranged to be displaceable and / or rotatable relative to the support frame (36).

11. Handling system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the carrying device is in the form of chains, ropes, belts, hangers or the like.

12. Handling system according to one of claims 1 to

11, characterized in that the Lastkraftwa¬ gene extendable support wheels (12) on the rear area, the axis of rotation of which can be pivoted at least by 180 °.

13. Handling system according to one of claims 1 to

12, characterized in that a hook arm extension (16) is provided which can be brought into engagement with the lifting, tilting and sliding device (2) and can preferably be extended hydraulically.

14. Transhipment system according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the Hakenvor¬ device or hook arm extension (16) has a rotating device for rotating a provided on the hook device or hook arm extension provided gripper or hook.