EP2902299B1 - Loading device for a HGV semi trailer - Google Patents
Loading device for a HGV semi trailer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2902299B1 EP2902299B1 EP15152763.7A EP15152763A EP2902299B1 EP 2902299 B1 EP2902299 B1 EP 2902299B1 EP 15152763 A EP15152763 A EP 15152763A EP 2902299 B1 EP2902299 B1 EP 2902299B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- loading platform
- semi
- trailer
- frame
- semitrailer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/22—Rigid members, e.g. L-shaped members, with parts engaging the under surface of the loads; Crane hooks
- B66C1/28—Duplicate, e.g. pivoted, members engaging the loads from two sides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
- B61D3/16—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads
- B61D3/18—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for vehicles
- B61D3/182—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for vehicles specially adapted for heavy vehicles, e.g. public work vehicles, trucks, trailers
- B61D3/184—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for vehicles specially adapted for heavy vehicles, e.g. public work vehicles, trucks, trailers the heavy vehicles being of the trailer or semi-trailer type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D47/00—Loading or unloading devices combined with vehicles, e.g. loading platforms, doors convertible into loading and unloading ramps
- B61D47/005—Loading or unloading devices combined with road vehicles carrying wagons, e.g. ramps, turntables, lifting means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F7/00—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts
- B66F7/24—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts for raising or lowering vehicles by their own power
- B66F7/243—Ramps
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a loading device for semi-trailers of trucks on railway pocket cars.
- semitrailers For transporting goods on roads, primarily semitrailers are used.
- a semitrailer consists of a tractor, which is also referred to as a semi-trailer and a trailer.
- This trailer is referred to as semi-trailer, semi-trailer, semi-trailer, semi-trailer or trailer.
- the tractor is usually based on the chassis of a truck.
- the main advantage of semitrailer tractors is that the tractor is used more or less non-stop, around the clock while driving, while the semi-trailer can be decoupled from the tractor to be loaded and unloaded.
- special semi-trailers which are particularly suitable for the transport of special goods.
- Such containers can first be transported by ship. Subsequent to the ship's transport, they are saddled up in the harbor on the chassis of a semi-trailer so as to be transported after being connected to a tractor.
- a semi-trailer has two or more axles on its rear side. At its front side facing away from the rear with the axles, a so-called kingpin protrudes from the underside of the loading area of the semitrailer. This kingpin is positively locked with a provided on the tractor fifth wheel. Both the dimensions and design of the kingpin and the dimensions and design of the fifth wheel of the tractor are standardized. Furthermore, a semi-trailer support is provided in the bottom of the semi-trailer. The trailer support is located in the area of the front of the semi-trailer.
- the trailer support for kingpin has such a large distance that the Semi-trailer can be traversed by the tractor with the mounted on the tractor fifth wheel with activated semi-trailer support. After locking the fifth wheel with the kingpin the semi-trailer support is inactivated, in which the support legs at their free ends supporting legs are retracted to create the required ground clearance.
- the support legs of the trailer support are telescopically formed and can be adjusted continuously by means of a rotary crank and a corresponding gear transmission in length. With the help of this length adjustment, it is possible to continuously change the clear height between the road and the underside of the bed of the semi-trailer. In the resting state without tractor when loading and unloading or when parking the semi-trailer therefore rests on its wheels and the end mounted on the support legs of the trailer support legs.
- a loading platform is known with uprising and driving surfaces for the truck tires and with a coupling bracket with a fifth wheel for fixing the kingpin of the semi-trailer to the loading platform.
- the disadvantage here is the special design of the loading platform, which does not fit in the railway bag cars, which have a house from a support bracket with a coupling plate with fifth wheel for the kingpin. Rather, this system requires specially adapted railway cars.
- the standard pocket wagon is not suitable for use with this loading platform.
- the present invention seeks to realize a loading device, which allow the use of non-cranable commercial semi-trailer on the one hand and standard railroad bag wagon on the other hand and have a technically simple structure.
- This object is achieved by the loading device according to claim 1 in an inventive manner.
- the dependent claims relate in part to advantageous and in part self-inventive developments of this invention.
- the semi-trailer can be turned from the road to the railway baggage car with a standard Greifzangengeschirrs already present at the transhipment terminal, without having to make modifications to the railway bag wagon or semitrailer.
- a loading platform is provided, which in turn has outer gripping edges, which are connected to the respective handling device of the handling terminal to make the loading platform and thus the semi-trailer crane.
- the method for craning a semitrailer of a truck on a railway bag wagon has six basic steps in its basic form.
- a first step the existing on the semi-trailer support feet are spent in their support position.
- the semitrailer support or support legs on the semi-trailer are approximately at right angles from the underside of the semi-trailer.
- the support legs are usually height adjustable.
- the support feet are adjusted to their desired height for rail transport.
- the support legs are advantageously formed telescopically and are extended or shortened by means of a crank mechanism.
- the semi-trailer is either pushed backwards into a loading platform with a towing vehicle or pulled forwards into a loading plate form.
- the tractor is uncoupled from semi-trailer.
- the semi-trailer is then supported with its wheels and supported by the support legs of the trailer support in the loading platform.
- the lifting gear of the crane or gantry crane attacks at corresponding load application points of the loading platform and rakes them together with the upstanding semi-trailer in the railway bag wagon.
- the loading platform assumes a protective function. Namely, it prevents direct contact of the wheels of the semitrailer with the side wall of the railway pocket car. In addition, the loading platform protects the semi-trailer from damage by contact with the railway bag wagon.
- the semitrailer can be driven onto the loading platform with the help of the tractor without any further Aids needed.
- the support feet on the semi-trailer must be adjusted only once. Subsequently, with this adjustment of the support feet, both the semitrailer tractor be decoupled from the semi-trailer and the coupling of the kingpin to the fifth wheel coupling to the coupling plate on the support frame of the bag cart.
- the semitrailer is already decoupled from its tractor.
- the semi-trailer support and thus also their support feet is already in the support position.
- the support feet then need only be adjusted to the desired height.
- This target height is dimensioned so that the terminal traction machine, which pulls the semi-trailer on the loading platform or pushes from the front into the loading platform without adjustment of the support legs or support legs and can be disconnected.
- the height of the support legs is in turn adjusted so that after Verkranen the loading platform of the kingpin on the semi-trailer with the fifth wheel can be locked to the coupling plate of the support frame of the bag wagon.
- the height of the support legs is adjusted so that after the engagement of the kingpin of the semitrailer on the fifth wheel on the coupling plate of the support frame on the railroad bag wagon, a vertical distance between the support feet on the one hand and the supporting feet extending under the surface of the loading platform on the other hand is released. This ensures that the semi-trailer rests in pocket car during rail transport exclusively on the kingpin and its surroundings and on its wheels or gets up.
- the inventive loading device is particularly suitable for carrying out the method described above for craning a truck semitrailer on a railway pocket wagon.
- the loading device is also suitable for other methods.
- the loading device is constructed in two parts. It consists first of a resting on the road surface frame and a releasably fixed in the frame loading platform.
- the on the Road surface resting frame can be fixed either on the road.
- transportable mobile frames After loading the loading platform, it is lifted out of the frame, as it were. If additional semi-trailers are to be rigged, only one additional loading platform needs to be inserted into the frame to load the next semi-trailer.
- the frame is used for centering and as a Auffahr kau for the semi-trailer.
- the pallet-style loading platform is embedded in the frame as it were.
- the frame also serves as personal protection. This ensures that the vertical distance of the lower parts of the loading platform to the ground is between 120 mm and 200 mm. In this way it is effectively prevented that the feet of an operator between the loading platform and the surface of the roadway are trapped.
- the vertical distance of the loading platform to the roadway with the help of the frame is set so that the smallest Absattelen the terminal tractor is below.
- the loading platform is also designed substantially rectangular in shape and has at its ends transverse members.
- the long sides of the loading platform are bounded by vertical guard rail side walls.
- the outer contour of the loading platform is designed so that it fits into the inner contour of the railway pocket car, so that the loading platform in the loaded state, as it were clinging to the inner contour of the Verladewagens.
- the wheels of the semitrailer As an additional securing position for the wheels of the semitrailer several spaced crossbars are arranged in pairs in the rear area of the loading platform. Between each pair of crossbars, the wheels of an axle can sink by a small amount, so that the crossbar pair as it creates a receiving trough for the wheels of an axle of the semitrailer. The wheels protrude with a wheel segment down from the bottom of the loading platform.
- three pairs of crossbars are arranged on the loading platform in order to accommodate uniaxial, two-axle and three-axle semi-trailers alike.
- the crosspiece pairs serve as a positive connection between the wheels of the semi-trailer and the loading platform.
- a wide traverse designed as a support plate is arranged. On this support plate, the support feet of the trailer support during the Verkranens the platform and the semi-trailer can rest. Once the semi-trailer is locked with its kingpin on the fifth wheel to the coupling plate of the support bracket on the baggage cart, the support feet release this plate again.
- the loading platform is advantageously embedded in a form-fitting manner in the frame.
- the frame is essentially rectangular. At its frame ends formed by the narrow sides of the rectangle two wedge-shaped runners are mounted as Auffahr Anlagen and Abfahr Anlagen for the wheels of a tractor and the wheels of the semitrailer.
- the skids can either be firmly connected to the frame or positively latched into the frame.
- the frame longitudinal beams, the longitudinal profiles, run along the runners. These longitudinal profiles form platforms as drive-over surfaces for the wheels of both the tractor and the semi-trailer.
- the side walls of the loading platform finally have attack brackets for the lifting harness of a crane, in particular a gantry crane or reach stacker on.
- the attack brackets are designed so that in particular according to VDI 2687 standardized hoists or lifting harnesses can be used to verkranen the loading platform.
- the frame 1 is substantially rectangular in shape and has two longitudinal profiles 4 extending in the longitudinal direction 3.
- the longitudinal profiles 4 are arranged peripherally in the frame 1 and serve as a driving surface for the wheels 27 of the tractor 20, 24 and / or the wheels semi-trailer 21.
- To improve the traction of the wheels 27 carry the longitudinal profiles 4 in the embodiment on their surfaces profilings 5.
- Longitudinal direction 3 which corresponds to both the sliding and when mounting the semi-trailer 21 of the direction of travel of the semi-trailer 21, close at the ends of the frame in each case two wedge-shaped runners 6.
- the runners 6 serve as Auffahr kau for the wheels of the tractor 20, 24 and / or the semi-trailer 21st
- transverse bars 8 extend in the exemplary embodiment.
- the transverse bars 8 serve to stiffen both the frame 1 and the skids 6.
- right-angled angle pieces perpendicular to the frame 1 are formed on two transverse bars 8 9 on. These right angle elbows 9 serve as insertion and centering for the loading platform 2 in the frame. 1
- the loading platform 2 is also substantially rectangular. At its long sides extending in the longitudinal direction 3, the loading platform 2 is delimited by vertically projecting, guard rail-like side walls 10. A plurality of transverse members 11, 11 'and 11 "bridging the distance of the side walls 10 in the transverse direction 7 are arranged between the side walls 10.
- the transverse members 11, 11' and 11" each form a pair of transverse members 11, a pair of transverse members 11 'and a pair of transverse members 11 ".
- the number of crosspiece pairs can be arbitrarily increased or reduced In the case of semi-trailers ascending onto the frame 1 or the loading platform 2, the wheels of one axle stand between the crossbars 11, 11 ', 11 "of a pair of crossbars.
- a support plate 13 is arranged on the front end of the loading platform facing away from the rear area of the loading platform 2 in the longitudinal direction 3.
- the support plate 13 serves as a support for the support feet of the loading platform Semitrailer with uncoupled semitrailer tractor or terminal tractor, when the semi-trailer has moved into the frame 1 and the loading platform 2.
- the feet of the semi-trailer are then resting on the base surfaces 14 of the support plate 13.
- attack bracket 15 are arranged for the lifting equipment 29 of the loader crane or hoist, not shown in the figures.
- the distance of the attack bracket 15 in the longitudinal direction 3 and the shape of the attack bracket 15 is chosen so that standard or usual lifting harness 29 of cranes, gantry cranes or other lifting equipment can be used.
- the attack bracket 15 fulfill the function of so-called gripping edges, which are formed on the mentioned in the introduction crankable semi-trailers with standardized lifting points from the house.
- the attack bracket 15 can be made firm or hinged.
- the operation of the device shown in the figure is as follows: According to the procedure, the parked ( Fig. 2 ), from the tractor 20 decoupled semi-trailer 21 ( Fig. 3 ) for the Verkranig prepared by the length of the support legs 22, which carry the support legs 23 of the Aufliege man at their free ends, are set to the required dimension for transport ( Fig. 4 ).
- the technique usually uses a crank drive for the telescopically formed legs 22.
- the semitrailer 21 is then driven by a terminal tractor 24, so that the kingpin 25 is coupled to the semi-trailer 21 with the fifth wheel 26 on the terminal tractor 24 ( Fig. 5 ).
- the existing from Terminalzugmaschine 24 and semitrailer 21 terminal semi-trailer passes in the longitudinal direction 3 from the frame 1 and embedded in the frame 1 loading platform 2 existing loading device, the wheels 27 of the terminal tractor 24 and then the wheels 27 of the semitrailer 21 by the Cross bar 8 connected rear skids run over 6.
- the frame 1 serves as Auffahrêt.
- the crossbeams 11, 11 ', 11 "and the support plate 13 engage in depressions of the frame 1 as a position assurance of the loading platform 2 in the frame 1.
- the runners 6 are movable to compensate for unevenness of the base.
- On the longitudinal sides of the frame 1 gripping edges for a lifting harness 29 may be formed for the crane of the frame 1 and the loading platform 2.
- a lifting harness 29 may be formed for the crane of the frame 1 and the loading platform 2.
- the terminal tractor 24 is already shut down in the longitudinal direction 3 of the platform 2 and the frame 1 or stands with their rear wheels 27 still on the front runners 6 of the frame 1 on ( Fig. 6 ).
- the fifth wheel 26 of the terminal traction machine 24 is then decoupled from the kingpin 25 of the semitrailer 21 and the terminal traction machine 24 is moved away ( Fig. 7 ).
- the front runners 6 are preferably inclined more than the rear skids 6 to unsatisfy the terminal traction machine 24 at a lower level than the semi-trailer 21.
- the grippers 28 of the lifting harness are attached to the engagement braces 15 of the loading platform 2 ( Fig. 8 ) and the loading platform 2, together with the semitrailer 21 thereon, are arranged in the receiving pocket 30 of the railroad pocket wagon 31 ( Fig. 9 ).
- the frame 1 can either be removed and reused at another location. Just as well, it is also possible in the frame 1 insert another empty loading platform 2, in order to open on this turn a terminal train tractor 24 and semi-trailer 21 existing team.
- the opening of the semitrailer 21 can also be done in such a way that the semi-trailer 21 from the front of the frame 1, ie from the side of not connected in the exemplary embodiment with a cross member 8 front runners 6 by means of the terminal tractor 24 on the out of the frame 1 and the loading platform 2 existing unit is deferred.
- the wheels 27 of the semitrailer 21 pass through the loading platform 2 until they are between their respective associated crosspiece pairs of the crossbeams 11, 11 ', 11 "einush and rest the feet of the trailer support again on the support surfaces 14 of the support plate 13.
- the Verkranen then takes place again in the manner described above.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
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- Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
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Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Verladevorrichtung für Sattelauflieger von Lastkraftwagen auf Eisenbahntaschenwagen.The present invention relates to a loading device for semi-trailers of trucks on railway pocket cars.
Zum Warentransport auf Straßen werden in erster Linie Sattelzüge eingesetzt. Ein derartiger Sattelzug besteht aus einer Sattelzugmaschine, welche auch als Sattelschlepper bezeichnet wird sowie einem Anhänger. Dieser Anhänger wird als Sattelauflieger, Sattelaufleger, Sattelanhänger, Auflieger oder Trailer bezeichnet. Die Sattelzugmaschine basiert in der Regel auf dem Fahrgestell eines Lastkraftwagens. Der Hauptvorteil von Sattelzugmaschinen besteht darin, dass die Zugmaschine mehr oder weniger pausenlos, rund um die Uhr im Fahrbetrieb eingesetzt wird, während der Sattelauflieger von der Zugmaschine abgekoppelt werden kann, um be- und entladen zu werden. Auch ist es möglich, Spezialsattelauflieger einzusetzen, welche für den Transport spezieller Güter besonders geeignet sind. Insbesondere ist es möglich, die Sattelauflieger mit sogenannten ISO-Containern zu bestücken. Solche Container können zunächst mit dem Schiff transportiert werden. Anschließend an den Schiffstransport werden sie im Hafen auf das Fahrgestell eines Sattelaufliegers gleichsam aufgesattelt, um nach dem Verbinden mit einer Zugmaschine transportiert zu werden.For transporting goods on roads, primarily semitrailers are used. Such a semitrailer consists of a tractor, which is also referred to as a semi-trailer and a trailer. This trailer is referred to as semi-trailer, semi-trailer, semi-trailer, semi-trailer or trailer. The tractor is usually based on the chassis of a truck. The main advantage of semitrailer tractors is that the tractor is used more or less non-stop, around the clock while driving, while the semi-trailer can be decoupled from the tractor to be loaded and unloaded. It is also possible to use special semi-trailers, which are particularly suitable for the transport of special goods. In particular, it is possible to equip the semi-trailers with so-called ISO containers. Such containers can first be transported by ship. Subsequent to the ship's transport, they are saddled up in the harbor on the chassis of a semi-trailer so as to be transported after being connected to a tractor.
In der Regel weist ein Sattelauflieger zwei oder mehr Achsen an seiner Rückseite auf. An seiner der Rückseite mit den Achsen abgewandten Vorderseite steht aus der Unterseite der Ladefläche des Sattelaufliegers ein sogenannter Königszapfen hinaus. Dieser Königszapfen ist mit einer auf der Sattelzugmaschine vorgesehenen Sattelkupplung formschlüssig verrastbar. Sowohl die Abmessungen und die Ausgestaltung des Königszapfens als auch die Abmessungen und die Ausgestaltung der Sattelkupplung der Sattelzugmaschine sind genormt. Weiterhin ist in der Unterseite des Sattelaufliegers eine Auflieger-Stütze vorgesehen. Die Auflieger-Stütze ist im Bereich der Vorderseite des Sattelaufliegers angeordnet. Allerdings weist die Auflieger-Stütze zum Königszapfen eine so große Distanz auf, dass der Sattelauflieger bei aktivierter Auflieger-Stütze von der Zugmaschine mit der auf der Zugmaschine angebrachten Sattelkupplung unterfahren werden kann. Nach dem Verrasten der Sattelkupplung mit dem Königszapfen wird die Auflieger-Stütze inaktiviert, in dem die an ihren Freienden die Stützfüße tragenden Stützbeine zur Schaffung der erforderlichen Bodenfreiheit eingefahren werden. In der Regel sind die Stützbeine der Auflieger-Stütze teleskopartig ausgebildet und können mit Hilfe einer Drehkurbel und eines entsprechenden Zahnradgetriebes stufenlos in ihrer Länge verstellt werden. Mit Hilfe dieser Längenverstellung ist es möglich, die lichte Höhe zwischen der Fahrbahn und der Unterseite der Ladefläche des Sattelaufliegers stufenlos zu verändern. Im Ruhezustand ohne Zugmaschine beim Be- und Entladen oder beim Parken ruht der Sattelauflieger folglich auf seinen Rädern und den endseitig an den Stützbeinen der Auflieger-Stütze angebrachten Stützfüßen.As a rule, a semi-trailer has two or more axles on its rear side. At its front side facing away from the rear with the axles, a so-called kingpin protrudes from the underside of the loading area of the semitrailer. This kingpin is positively locked with a provided on the tractor fifth wheel. Both the dimensions and design of the kingpin and the dimensions and design of the fifth wheel of the tractor are standardized. Furthermore, a semi-trailer support is provided in the bottom of the semi-trailer. The trailer support is located in the area of the front of the semi-trailer. However, the trailer support for kingpin has such a large distance that the Semi-trailer can be traversed by the tractor with the mounted on the tractor fifth wheel with activated semi-trailer support. After locking the fifth wheel with the kingpin the semi-trailer support is inactivated, in which the support legs at their free ends supporting legs are retracted to create the required ground clearance. In general, the support legs of the trailer support are telescopically formed and can be adjusted continuously by means of a rotary crank and a corresponding gear transmission in length. With the help of this length adjustment, it is possible to continuously change the clear height between the road and the underside of the bed of the semi-trailer. In the resting state without tractor when loading and unloading or when parking the semi-trailer therefore rests on its wheels and the end mounted on the support legs of the trailer support legs.
Auf dem Gebiet des Warentransports ist es zunächst bekannt, Waren, insbesondere große Frachten mit Hilfe von Containern zu transportieren. Hierbei erfolgt der Transport sowohl per Schiff als auch per Eisenbahn als auch per Lastkraftwagen als auch per Flugzeug. Eine Sonderform des Warentransports ist der kombinierte Verkehr. Hierbei werden Lastkraftwagen auf Eisenbahnwaggons verladen, um die Fracht zusammen mit dem Lastkraftwagen auf der Schiene über weite Strecken zu transportieren ("rollende Landstraße"). Die Grundidee des kombinierten Verkehrs besteht darin, weite Strecken zwischen Verkehrsknotenpunkten auf der Schiene zurückzulegen und den Fernverkehr so auf der Schiene zu bündeln und anschließend die Waren über die Straße an den jeweiligen Bestimmungsort zu transportieren. Beim kombinierten Verkehr unterscheidet man wiederum den begleiteten und unbegleiteten kombinierten Verkehr. Beim begleiteten kombinierten Verkehr wird der gesamte Lastzug oder Sattelzug auf die Eisenbahn verladen. Hierbei begleitet in der Regel der Fahrer des Lastzugs oder Sattelzugs den Transport. Während des Bahntransports ist sowohl die Arbeitskraft des Fahrers gebunden als auch die Zugmaschine selbst. Fahrer und Zugmaschine liegen somit brach.In the field of goods transport, it is first known to transport goods, especially large loads using containers. Here, the transport takes place both by ship and by rail as well as by truck and by plane. A special form of goods transport is combined transport. Here, trucks are loaded on railway wagons to transport the cargo along with the truck by rail over long distances ("rolling country road"). The basic idea of combined transport is to cover long distances between transport hubs by rail and thus to bundle long-distance transport by rail and then to transport the goods by road to their destination. Combined transport, in turn, distinguishes between accompanied and unaccompanied combined transport. In accompanied combined transport, the entire truck or semitrailer is loaded onto the railway. Usually the driver of the truck or semitrailer accompanies the transport. During the rail transport, both the driver's workforce and the tractor itself are tied up. The driver and tractor are thus broke.
Zur Vermeidung dieser Nachteile existiert der unbegleitete kombinierte Verkehr. Hierbei werden die Anhänger, insbesondere Sattelauflieger der Lastzüge bzw.To avoid these disadvantages, the unaccompanied combined traffic exists. Here are the trailer, especially semi-trailer of the trucks or
Sattelzüge auf Eisenbahnwaggons verladen und über die Schiene transportiert. Am Zielort werden die Anhänger oder Sattelauflieger vom Eisenbahnwagen wieder abgeladen, mit Zugmaschinen verbunden und über die Straße an den Endzielort gefahren. Zum Transport von Sattelaufliegern werden in der Regel spezielle Taschenwagen eingesetzt. Diese Taschenwagen weisen in der Regel einen Stützbock mit einer mit den Königszapfen am Sattelauflieger kompatiblen Sattelkupplung auf. Die Sattelkupplung auf dem Stützbock entspricht in ihrer Ausgestaltung der Sattelkupplung an der Sattelzugmaschine.Loading semitrailers on railway wagons and transporting them by rail. At the destination, the trailers or semitrailers are unloaded from the railroad car again, connected with tractors and driven over the road to the final destination. For the transport of semi-trailers special pocket wagons are usually used. These pocket wagons usually have a trestle with a fifth wheel compatible with the kingpins on the semi-trailer. The fifth wheel on the support block corresponds in its embodiment of the fifth wheel to the tractor.
Beim kombinierten Verkehr in Europa weisen diese Taschenwagen abgesenkte Ladetaschen auf. Die abgesenkten Ladetaschen nehmen die Räder des Sattelaufliegers auf. Diese Konstruktion ermöglicht einen Transport von Sattelaufliegern mit einer maximalen Höhe von vier Metern innerhalb des Lichtraumprofils der Eisenbahn. Der Umschlag des Sattelaufliegers in den Taschenwagen hinein und aus den Taschenwagen heraus erfolgt in sogenannten Umschlagterminals des kombinierten Verkehrs.In combined transport in Europe, these pocket wagons have lowered cargo compartments. The lowered loading pockets take up the wheels of the semitrailer. This construction allows the transport of semi-trailers with a maximum height of four meters within the gauge of the railway. The transshipment of the semitrailer into the pocket car and out of the pocket car takes place in so-called transhipment terminals of combined transport.
In der Regel ist es hierbei erforderlich, dass die Sattelauflieger spezielle genormte Anhebepunkte aufweisen, um mit Hilfe von Portalkränen oder Reach-Stackern verladen werden können. In diesem Zusammenhang wird von kranbaren Aufliegern gesprochen. Kranbare Sattelauflieger verfügen an ihren Längsseiten über mindestens zwei Greifkanten. Mithilfe eines Greifzangen-Geschirrs kann der Auflieger so über die beiden Greifkanten mit dem Kran verbunden werden. Der Vorteil derartiger kranbarer Auflieger besteht erkennbar darin, dass sie für den kombinierten Güterverkehr bestens geeignet sind. Nachteilig ist jedoch die Tatsache, dass derartige Sattelauflieger für den kombinierten Verkehr technisch aufwendiger und damit teurer sind als nicht kranbare Sattelauflieger. Der Großteil der tatsächlich eingesetzten Sattelauflieger ist nicht mit den für den kombinierten Verkehr erforderlichen Greifkanten ausgerüstet und somit nicht für den Transport mittels Taschenwagen im Eisenbahnbetrieb auf der Schiene geeignet. Darüber hinaus verursacht es im jeweiligen Logistikunternehmen einen hohen zusätzlichen Steuerungsaufwand, für einen Transport auf dem Wege des kombinierten Verkehrs stets einen kranbaren Trailer einsetzen zu müssen. Es muss also von vorherein festgelegt werden, ob der entsprechende Trailer für einen Transport mit Hilfe des kombinierten Verkehrs oder nur auf der Straße eingesetzt wird. Schließlich ist es auch teurer für das Logistikunternehmen, sowohl kranbare als auch nicht kranbare Sattelauflieger vorhalten zu müssen.As a rule, this requires that the semi-trailers have special standardized lifting points to be loaded with the help of gantry cranes or reach stackers. In this context, we speak of craneable semitrailers. Crane-mounted semi-trailers have at least two gripping edges on their long sides. With the help of tongs, the semi-trailer can be connected to the crane via the two gripping edges. The advantage of such craneable semi-trailers is recognizable in that they are ideally suited for combined freight transport. The disadvantage, however, is the fact that such semi-trailers for combined transport are technically complicated and therefore more expensive than non-cranable semi-trailers. Most of the semitrailers actually used are not equipped with the gripping edges required for combined transport and are thus not suitable for transport by railroad pocket car on rail. In addition, it causes a high additional control effort in the respective logistics company to always have to use a crane trailer for transport by means of combined transport. So it has to be done from the beginning whether the trailer is to be used for transport using combined transport or only on the road. After all, it is also more expensive for the logistics company to have cranes as well as non-cranable semitrailers.
Aus der
Aus der
Aus der
Ausgehend hiervon liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Verladevorrichtung zu realisieren, welche die Verwendung nicht kranbarer handelsüblicher Sattelauflieger einerseits und genormter Eisenbahntaschenwagen andererseits ermöglichen und einen technisch einfachen Aufbau aufweisen. Diese Aufgabe löst die Verladevorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 in erfinderischer Weise. Die rückbezogenen Ansprüche betreffen zum Teil vorteilhafte und zum Teil für sich selbst erfinderische Weiterbildungen dieser Erfindung.Proceeding from this, the present invention seeks to realize a loading device, which allow the use of non-cranable commercial semi-trailer on the one hand and standard railroad bag wagon on the other hand and have a technically simple structure. This object is achieved by the loading device according to
Mit der Erfindung ist es möglich, beliebige Typen von Sattelaufliegern und Standard-Eisenbahntaschenwagen für den kombinierten Verkehr einzusetzen. Der Sattelauflieger kann mit einem am Umschlagterminal ohnehin vorhandenen Standard-Greifzangengeschirrs von der Straße auf den Eisenbahntaschenwagen umgeschlagen werden, ohne am Eisenbahntaschenwagen oder am Sattelauflieger Modifikationen durchführen zu müssen. Bei der erfindungsmäßigen Verladevorrichtung ist deshalb eine Verladeplattform vorgesehen, welche ihrerseits aussenliegende Greifkanten aufweist, welche mit dem jeweiligen Umschlaggerät des Umschlagterminals verbunden werden um die Verladeplattform und damit den Sattelauflieger kranbar machen.With the invention it is possible to use any types of semi-trailers and standard railway pocket cars for combined transport. The semi-trailer can be turned from the road to the railway baggage car with a standard Greifzangengeschirrs already present at the transhipment terminal, without having to make modifications to the railway bag wagon or semitrailer. In the inventive Verladevorrichtung therefore a loading platform is provided, which in turn has outer gripping edges, which are connected to the respective handling device of the handling terminal to make the loading platform and thus the semi-trailer crane.
Das Verfahren zum Kranen eines Sattelaufliegers eines Lastkraftwagens auf einen Eisenbahntaschenwagen weist in seiner Grundform sechs Verfahrensschritte auf. In einem ersten Schritt werden die am Sattelauflieger vorhandenen Stützfüße in ihre Stützposition verbracht. Die am Sattelauflieger vorhandene Auflieger-Stütze bzw. die Stützbeine stehen etwa rechtwinklig von der Unterseite des Sattelaufliegers ab. Die Stützfüße sind in der Regel höhenverstellbar. Die Stützfüße werden auf ihre Sollhöhe für den Bahntransport eingestellt. Die Stützfüße sind vorteilhaft teleskopartig ausgebildet und werden mit Hilfe eines Kurbelmechanismus verlängert oder verkürzt.The method for craning a semitrailer of a truck on a railway bag wagon has six basic steps in its basic form. In a first step, the existing on the semi-trailer support feet are spent in their support position. The semitrailer support or support legs on the semi-trailer are approximately at right angles from the underside of the semi-trailer. The support legs are usually height adjustable. The support feet are adjusted to their desired height for rail transport. The support legs are advantageously formed telescopically and are extended or shortened by means of a crank mechanism.
In einem zweiten Schritt wird der Sattelauflieger mit einer Zugmaschine entweder rückwärts in eine Verladeplattform hineingeschoben oder vorwärts in eine Verladeplatteform gezogen.In a second step, the semi-trailer is either pushed backwards into a loading platform with a towing vehicle or pulled forwards into a loading plate form.
Im dritten Verfahrensschritt wird die Zugmaschine von Sattelauflieger abgekoppelt. Der Sattelauflieger steht dann mit seinen Rädern und von den Stützfüßen der Auflieger-Stütze abgestützt in der Verladeplattform.In the third process step, the tractor is uncoupled from semi-trailer. The semi-trailer is then supported with its wheels and supported by the support legs of the trailer support in the loading platform.
Im vierten Verfahrensschritt greift das Hebegeschirr des Lastkrans oder Portalkrans an entsprechenden Lastangriffspunkten der Verladeplattform an und krant diese gemeinsam mit dem aufstehenden Sattelauflieger in den Eisenbahntaschenwagen. Dabei übernimmt die Verladeplattform eine Schutzfunktion. Sie verhindert nämlich einen direkten Kontakt der Räder des Sattelaufliegers mit der Bordwand des Eisenbahntaschenwagens. Auch schützt die Verladeplattform den Sattelauflieger insgesamt vor Beschädigungen durch Kontakt mit dem Eisenbahntaschenwagen.In the fourth method step, the lifting gear of the crane or gantry crane attacks at corresponding load application points of the loading platform and rakes them together with the upstanding semi-trailer in the railway bag wagon. The loading platform assumes a protective function. Namely, it prevents direct contact of the wheels of the semitrailer with the side wall of the railway pocket car. In addition, the loading platform protects the semi-trailer from damage by contact with the railway bag wagon.
Im letzten Verfahrensschritt wird der Königszapfen des Sattelaufliegers in der auf dem Stützbock des Taschenwagens angeordneten Sattelkupplung verrastet.In the last step of the kingpin of the semi-trailer is locked in the arranged on the support frame of the bag cart fifth wheel.
In der Grundform des Verfahrens kann der Sattelauflieger mit Hilfe der Sattelzugmaschine auf die Verladeplattform aufgefahren werden ohne dass es weiterer Hilfsmittel bedarf. Außerdem müssen die Stützfüße am Sattelauflieger nur ein einziges Mal eingestellt werden. Anschließend kann mit dieser Einstellung der Stützfüße sowohl die Sattelzugmaschine vom Sattelauflieger entkoppelt werden als auch die Ankopplung des Königszapfens an die Sattelkupplung an der Kupplungsplatte auf dem Stützbock des Taschenwagens erfolgen.In the basic form of the method, the semitrailer can be driven onto the loading platform with the help of the tractor without any further Aids needed. In addition, the support feet on the semi-trailer must be adjusted only once. Subsequently, with this adjustment of the support feet, both the semitrailer tractor be decoupled from the semi-trailer and the coupling of the kingpin to the fifth wheel coupling to the coupling plate on the support frame of the bag cart.
In einer Abwandlung des Verfahrens ist der Sattelauflieger bereits von seiner Sattelzugmaschine abgekoppelt. In dieser von der Sattelzugmaschine entkoppelten Parkposition befindet sich die Aufliegerstütze und damit auch deren Stützfüße bereits in der Stützposition. Die Stützfüße brauchen dann nur noch auf die Sollhöhe eingestellt werden. Diese Sollhöhe ist so bemessen, dass die Terminalzugmaschine, welche den Sattelauflieger auf die Verladeplattform zieht bzw. von vorne her in die Verladeplattform schiebt ohne Verstellung der Stützfüße bzw. Stützbeine an- und abgekoppelt werden kann. Auch ist die Höhe der Stützfüße wiederum so eingestellt, dass nach dem Verkranen der Verladeplattform der Königszapfen am Sattelauflieger mit der Sattelkupplung an der Kupplungsplatte des Stützbocks des Taschenwagens verriegelt werden kann.In a modification of the method, the semitrailer is already decoupled from its tractor. In this decoupled from the tractor unit parking position, the semi-trailer support and thus also their support feet is already in the support position. The support feet then need only be adjusted to the desired height. This target height is dimensioned so that the terminal traction machine, which pulls the semi-trailer on the loading platform or pushes from the front into the loading platform without adjustment of the support legs or support legs and can be disconnected. Also, the height of the support legs is in turn adjusted so that after Verkranen the loading platform of the kingpin on the semi-trailer with the fifth wheel can be locked to the coupling plate of the support frame of the bag wagon.
In weiterer besonderer Ausgestaltung ist die Höhe der Stützfüße so eingestellt, dass nach dem Einrasten des Königszapfens des Sattelaufliegers an der Sattelkupplung auf der Kupplungsplatte des Stützbocks am Eisenbahntaschenwagen ein vertikaler Abstand zwischen den Stützfüßen einerseits und der unter den Stützfüßen verlaufenden Oberfläche der Verladeplattform andererseits freigelassen ist. Hierdurch ist gewährleistet, dass der Sattelauflieger im Taschenwagen während des Eisenbahntransports ausschließlich auf dem Königszapfen und seiner Umgebung sowie auf seinen Rädern aufliegt bzw. aufsteht.In a further particular embodiment, the height of the support legs is adjusted so that after the engagement of the kingpin of the semitrailer on the fifth wheel on the coupling plate of the support frame on the railroad bag wagon, a vertical distance between the support feet on the one hand and the supporting feet extending under the surface of the loading platform on the other hand is released. This ensures that the semi-trailer rests in pocket car during rail transport exclusively on the kingpin and its surroundings and on its wheels or gets up.
Die erfindungsmäßige Verladevorrichtung eignet sich insbesondere zur Durchführung des vorbeschriebenen Verfahrens zum Kranen eines Lastkraftwagen-Sattelaufliegers auf einen Eisenbahntaschenwagen. Die Verladevorrichtung eignet sich aber auch für andere Verfahren. Die Verladevorrichtung ist zweiteilig aufgebaut. Sie besteht zunächst aus einem auf der Fahrbahnoberfläche aufliegenden Rahmen und aus einer im Rahmen lösbar fixierten Verladeplattform. Der auf der Fahrbahnoberfläche aufliegende Rahmen kann entweder auf der Fahrbahn fixiert sein. Ebenso ist es aber auch möglich, transportable mobile Rahmen zu verwenden. Nach dem Beladen der Verladeplattform wird diese aus dem Rahmen gleichsam herausgekrant. Sollen weitere Sattelauflieger verkrant werden, muss lediglich eine weitere Verladeplattform in den Rahmen eingesetzt werden, um den nächsten Sattelauflieger zu laden. Der Rahmen dient zur Zentrierung und als Auffahrhilfe für den Sattelauflieger. Die nach Art einer Palette wirksame Verladeplattform ist im Rahmen gleichsam eingebettet. Der Rahmen dient auch als Personenschutz. Hierfür ist sichergestellt, dass der vertikale Abstand der unteren Teile der Verladeplattform zum Boden zwischen 120 mm und 200 mm liegt. Auf diese Weise ist wirksam verhindert, dass die Füße eines Bedieners zwischen der Verladeplattform und der Oberfläche der Fahrbahn eingeklemmt werden. Außerdem ist der Vertikalabstand der Verladeplattform zur Fahrbahn mit Hilfe des Rahmens so eingestellt, dass das kleinste Absattelmaß der Terminalzugmaschine unterschritten ist.The inventive loading device is particularly suitable for carrying out the method described above for craning a truck semitrailer on a railway pocket wagon. The loading device is also suitable for other methods. The loading device is constructed in two parts. It consists first of a resting on the road surface frame and a releasably fixed in the frame loading platform. The on the Road surface resting frame can be fixed either on the road. Likewise, it is also possible to use transportable mobile frames. After loading the loading platform, it is lifted out of the frame, as it were. If additional semi-trailers are to be rigged, only one additional loading platform needs to be inserted into the frame to load the next semi-trailer. The frame is used for centering and as a Auffahrhilfe for the semi-trailer. The pallet-style loading platform is embedded in the frame as it were. The frame also serves as personal protection. This ensures that the vertical distance of the lower parts of the loading platform to the ground is between 120 mm and 200 mm. In this way it is effectively prevented that the feet of an operator between the loading platform and the surface of the roadway are trapped. In addition, the vertical distance of the loading platform to the roadway with the help of the frame is set so that the smallest Absattelmaß the terminal tractor is below.
Die Verladeplattform ist ebenfalls im Wesentlichen rechteckförmig ausgestaltet und weist an ihren Enden Quertraversen auf. Die Langseiten der Verladeplattform sind von senkrechten leitplankenartigen Seitenwänden begrenzt. Die Außenkontur der Verladeplattform ist dabei so gestaltet, dass sie sich in die Innenkontur des Eisenbahntaschenwagens einpasst, so dass die Verladeplattform im verladenen Zustand sich gleichsam an die Innenkontur des Verladewagens anschmiegt.The loading platform is also designed substantially rectangular in shape and has at its ends transverse members. The long sides of the loading platform are bounded by vertical guard rail side walls. The outer contour of the loading platform is designed so that it fits into the inner contour of the railway pocket car, so that the loading platform in the loaded state, as it were clinging to the inner contour of the Verladewagens.
Als zusätzliche Lagesicherung für die Räder des Sattelaufliegers sind im hinteren Bereich der Verladeplattform mehrere voneinander beabstandete Quertraversen paarweise angeordnet. Zwischen jedem Quertraversenpaar können die Räder einer Achse um einen geringen Betrag einsacken, so dass das Quertraversenpaar gleichsam eine Aufnahmemulde für die Räder einer Achse des Sattelaufliegers schafft. Die Räder ragen mit einem Radsegment unten aus der Unterseite der Verladeplattform ab. Vorteilhaft sind drei Quertraversenpaare an der Verladeplattform angeordnet, um einachsige, zweiachsige und dreiachsige Sattelauflieger gleichermaßen aufnehmen zu können. Die Quertraversenpaare dienen so als formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen den Rädern des Sattelaufliegers und der Verladeplattform. Da die Räder durch das Anheben zwischen den Traversenpaaren nach unten beim Verkranen herausragen, können auch unterschiedliche Radgrößen von den Quertraversenpaaren aufgenommen werden. Zugleich ist durch die formschlüssige Sicherung ein längsseitiges Verschieben des Sattelaufliegers auf der Verladeplattform ausgeschlossen.As an additional securing position for the wheels of the semitrailer several spaced crossbars are arranged in pairs in the rear area of the loading platform. Between each pair of crossbars, the wheels of an axle can sink by a small amount, so that the crossbar pair as it creates a receiving trough for the wheels of an axle of the semitrailer. The wheels protrude with a wheel segment down from the bottom of the loading platform. Advantageously, three pairs of crossbars are arranged on the loading platform in order to accommodate uniaxial, two-axle and three-axle semi-trailers alike. The crosspiece pairs serve as a positive connection between the wheels of the semi-trailer and the loading platform. Because the wheels by lifting between the truss pairs can protrude downwards when verkranen, also different wheel sizes can be absorbed by the crossbar pairs. At the same time a longitudinal displacement of the semitrailer on the loading platform is excluded by the positive securing.
Im Bereich der den Quertraversen abgewandten Vorderseite der Verladeplattform ist eine als Auflageplatte ausgestaltete breite Traverse angeordnet. Auf dieser Auflageplatte können die Stützfüße der Auflieger-Stütze während des Verkranens der Plattform und des Sattelaufliegers aufliegen. Sobald der Sattelauflieger mit seinem Königszapfen an der Sattelkupplung an der Kupplungsplatte des Stützbocks am Taschenwagen verriegelt ist, geben die Stützfüße diese Auflageplatte wieder frei.In the area of the front side of the loading platform facing away from the crossbeams, a wide traverse designed as a support plate is arranged. On this support plate, the support feet of the trailer support during the Verkranens the platform and the semi-trailer can rest. Once the semi-trailer is locked with its kingpin on the fifth wheel to the coupling plate of the support bracket on the baggage cart, the support feet release this plate again.
Mit Hilfe der erfindungsmäßigen Verladevorrichtung und ihrer Weiterbildungen ist es insbesondere möglich, die Anforderungen der Norm VDI 2687 zu erfüllen und die dort genormten Lastaufnahmemittel und Kräne für die Kranung der Verladeplattform mit aufliegendem Sattelauflieger zu nutzen.With the help of the inventive Verladevorrichtung and its developments, it is particularly possible to meet the requirements of the standard VDI 2687 and to use the standard there lifting equipment and cranes for the Kranung the loading platform with overlying semitrailer.
Vorteilhaft ist die Verladeplattform formschlüssig im Rahmen eingebettet. Der Rahmen ist im Wesentlichen rechteckförmig. An seinen von den Schmalseiten des Rechtecks gebildeten Rahmenenden sind jeweils zwei keilförmige Kufen als Auffahrhilfe und Abfahrhilfe für die Räder einer Zugmaschine und die Räder des Sattelaufliegers angebracht. Die Kufen können entweder fest mit dem Rahmen verbunden sein oder formschlüssig in den Rahmen eingeklinkt werden. Im Rahmen verlaufen sich an die Kufen anschließende Rahmenlängsbalken, die Längsprofile. Diese Längsprofile bilden Plattformen als Überfahrflächen für die Räder sowohl der Zugmaschine als auch des Sattelaufliegers.The loading platform is advantageously embedded in a form-fitting manner in the frame. The frame is essentially rectangular. At its frame ends formed by the narrow sides of the rectangle two wedge-shaped runners are mounted as Auffahrhilfe and Abfahrhilfe for the wheels of a tractor and the wheels of the semitrailer. The skids can either be firmly connected to the frame or positively latched into the frame. As part of the framework, the frame longitudinal beams, the longitudinal profiles, run along the runners. These longitudinal profiles form platforms as drive-over surfaces for the wheels of both the tractor and the semi-trailer.
Die Seitenwände der Verladeplattform weisen schließlich Angriffsbügel für das Hebegeschirr eines Lastkrans, insbesondere eines Portalkrans oder Reach-Stackers auf. Die Angriffsbügel sind dabei so ausgestaltet, dass insbesondere nach VDI 2687 genormte Hebezeuge bzw. Hebegeschirre zum Verkranen der Verladeplattform verwendet werden können.The side walls of the loading platform finally have attack brackets for the lifting harness of a crane, in particular a gantry crane or reach stacker on. The attack brackets are designed so that in particular according to VDI 2687 standardized hoists or lifting harnesses can be used to verkranen the loading platform.
Anhand des in den Zeichnungsfiguren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels ist die Erfindung mit weiteren Einzelheiten erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine dataillierte Darstellung der aus Rahmen und Verladeplattform bestehenden Verladevorrichtung,
- Fig. 2
- einen Sattelzug mit Sattelzugmaschine und Sattelauflieger,
- Fig. 3
- den Sattelauflieger in einer von der Sattelzugmaschine entkoppelten Parkposition,
- Fig. 4
- eine Terminalzugmaschine vor dem Ankoppeln an den Sattelauflieger,
- Fig. 5
- die an den Sattelauflieger, dessen Stützbeine auf das bahnseitige Sollmaß eingestellt sind, angekoppelte Terminalzugmaschine gemäß
Fig. 4 , - Fig. 6
- oben schematisch die aus Rahmen und Verladeplattform bestehende Verladevorrichtung gem.
Fig. 1 und unten die Verladevorrichtung mit aufgefahrenem Sattelauflieger mit angekoppelter Terminalzugmaschine, - Fig. 7
- die Darstellung aus
Fig. 6 unten mit entkoppelter Terminalzugmaschine, - Fig. 8
- oben ein Standard-Greifzangengeschirr als Hebegeschirr und unten die Verladevorrichtung mit aufgefahrenem Sattelauflieger und angekoppeltem Hebegeschirr,
- Fig. 9
- die mit dem Hebegeschirr gekrante Verladeplattform mit aufliegendem Sattelauflieger,
- Fig. 10
- das Hebegeschirr beim Ablegen der Verladeplattform mit aufliegendem Sattelauflieger im Eisenbahntaschenwagen und
- Fig. 11
- die fertig in den Eisenbahntaschenwagen verladene Verladeplattform mit aufliegendem Sattelauflieger.
- Fig. 1
- a detailed representation of the loading device consisting of frame and loading platform,
- Fig. 2
- a tractor-trailer with semitrailer and semitrailer,
- Fig. 3
- the semi-trailer in a parking position decoupled from the tractor,
- Fig. 4
- a terminal tractor before coupling to the semi-trailer,
- Fig. 5
- to the semi-trailer, the support legs are set to the web-side nominal size, coupled terminal tractor according to
Fig. 4 . - Fig. 6
- above schematically the existing frame and loading platform loading device acc.
Fig. 1 and below the loading device with raised semi-trailer with coupled terminal tractor, - Fig. 7
- the presentation
Fig. 6 below with decoupled terminal tractor, - Fig. 8
- at the top a standard grasping forceps as lifting harness and at the bottom the loading device with raised semi-trailer and coupled lifting harness,
- Fig. 9
- the loading platform with semi-trailer suspended on the lifting gear,
- Fig. 10
- the lifting harness when placing the loading platform with resting semi-trailer in the railway pocket wagon and
- Fig. 11
- the loading platform loaded on the railway baggage car with a semi-trailer lying on it.
In der
In der zur Längsrichtung 3 rechtwinklig verlaufenden Querrichtung 7 verlaufen mehrere, im Ausführungsbeispiel vier Querholme 8. Die Querholme 8 dienen zur Aussteifung sowohl des Rahmens 1 als auch der Kufen 6. Im Ausführungsbeispiel schließen sich an zwei Querholme 8 senkrecht aus dem Rahmen 1 emporstehende rechtwinklige Winkelstücke 9 an. Diese rechtwinkligen Winkelstücke 9 dienen als Einführ- und Zentrierhilfe für die Verladeplattform 2 im Rahmen 1.In the
Die Verladeplattform 2 ist ebenfalls im Wesentlichen rechteckförmig. An ihren in Längsrichtung 3 verlaufenden Langseiten ist die Verladeplattform 2 von senkrecht emporragenden, leitplankenartigen Seitenwänden 10 begrenzt. Zwischen den Seitenwänden 10 sind mehrere die Distanz der Seitenwände 10 in Querrichtung 7 überbrückende Quertraversen 11, 11' und 11" angeordnet. Die Quertraversen 11, 11' und 11" bilden jeweils ein Quertraversenpaar 11, ein Quertraversenpaar 11' und ein Quertraversenpaar 11". Im Ausführungsbeispiel sind also drei Quertraversenpaare vorhanden. Die Anzahl der Quertraversenpaare kann beliebig vergrößert oder verkleinert werden. Bei auf den Rahmen 1 bzw. die Verladeplattform 2 aufgefahrenem Sattelauflieger stehen jeweils die Räder einer Achse zwischen den Quertraversen 11, 11', 11" eines Quertraversenpaars. Wird die Verladeplattform 2 in der sowohl zur Längsrichtung 3 als auch zur Querrichtung 7 wiederum senkrecht verlaufenden Hubrichtung 12 angehoben, bildet jedes Quertraversenpaar 11, 11', 11" gleichsam eine Aufnahmemulde für die Räder einer Achse derart, dass die unteren Radsegmente auf der Unterseite der Verladeplattform 2 zwischen dem jeweiligen Quertraversenpaar 11, 11', 11" in Hubrichtung 12 nach unten hinausstehen. Die Quertraversen 11, 11', 11" sind im rückwärtigen Bereich der Verladeplattform 2 angeordnet. An dem dem rückwärtigen Bereich der Verladeplattform 2 in Längsrichtung 3 abgewandten vorderen Ende der Verladeplattform ist eine Auflageplatte 13 angeordnet. Die Auflageplatte 13 dient als Auflage für die Stützfüße des Sattelaufliegers bei abgekoppelter Sattelzugmaschine oder Terminalzugmaschine, wenn der Sattelauflieger in den Rahmen 1 und die Verladeplattform 2 eingefahren ist. Die Standfüße des in den Zeichnungen nicht dargestellten Sattelaufliegers liegen dann auf den Standflächen 14 der Auflageplatte 13 auf.
An den Seitenwänden 10 sind schließlich Angriffsbügel 15 für das Lasthebegeschirr 29 des in den Figuren nicht dargestellten Lastkrans oder Hebezeugs angeordnet. Der Abstand der Angriffsbügel 15 in Längsrichtung 3 und die Form der Angriffsbügel 15 ist dabei so gewählt, dass genormte bzw. übliche Hebegeschirre 29 von Kränen, Portalkränen oder anderen Hebezeugen eingesetzt werden können. Die Angriffsbügel 15 erfüllen dabei die Funktion sogenannter Greifkanten, welche an den in der Beschreibungseinleitung erwähnten kranbaren Aufliegern mit genormten Anhebepunkten von Haus aus ausgebildet sind. Die Angriffsbügel 15 können fest oder klappbar ausgeführt werden. Mit anderen Worten stellt die Verladeplattform 2 für den aufstehenden Sattelauflieger 21 die vollständige Kranbarkeit des Sattelaufliegers 21 in einen Eisenbahntaschenwagen 31 her.
Die Funktionsweise der in der Figur gezeigten Vorrichtung ist Folgende:
Gemäß dem Verfahren wird der geparkte (
On the
The operation of the device shown in the figure is as follows:
According to the procedure, the parked (
Nach dem Kranen der aus der Verladeplattform 2 und dem darauf stehenden Sattelauflieger 21 bestehenden Einheit kann der Rahmen 1 entweder entfernt und an einer anderen Stelle weiterverwendet werden. Ebenso gut ist es auch möglich in den Rahmen 1 eine weitere leere Verladeplattform 2 einzulegen, um auch auf diese wiederum ein aus Terminalzugmaschine 24 und Sattelauflieger 21 bestehendes Gespann aufzufahren.After craning the unit consisting of the
Das Auffahren des Sattelaufliegers 21 kann auch in der Weise erfolgen, dass der Sattelauflieger 21 von der Vorderseite des Rahmens 1 her, also von der Seite der im Ausführungsbeispiel nicht mit einem Querholm 8 verbundenen vorderen Kufen 6 mit Hilfe der Terminalzugmaschine 24 auf die aus dem Rahmen 1 und der Verladeplattform 2 bestehende Einheit aufgeschoben wird. Wiederum durchfahren die Räder 27 des Sattelaufliegers 21 die Verladeplattform 2 so lange bis sie zwischen den ihnen jeweils zugeordneten Quertraversenpaaren der Quertraversen 11, 11', 11" einliegen und die Standfüße der Aufliegerstütze wiederum auf den Standflächen 14 der Auflageplatte 13 ruhen. Das Verkranen erfolgt dann wieder in der vorbeschriebenen Art und Weise.The opening of the
Sowohl im Fall des auf die Verladeplattform 2 aufgeschobenen als auch im Fall des auf die Verladeplattform 2 gezogenen Sattelaufliegers 21 wird der Sattelauflieger 21 gemeinsam mit der Verladeplattform 2 auf den Eisenbahntaschenwagen 31 gekrant. Sobald die Verladeplattform 2 auf der taschenartigen Ladefläche 30 des Eisenbahntaschenwagens 31 aufliegt, wird der Königszapfen 25 am Sattelauflieger 21 mit einer Sattelkupplung auf einem Stützbock 32 am Eisenbahntaschenwagen 31 verkuppelt. Die Sattelkupplung am Eisenbahntaschenwagen 31 ist in Form einer Kupplungsplatte auf einem aus der Ladefläche des Eisenbahntaschenwagens 31 senkrecht emporstehenden Stützbock 32 fixiert. Die übliche Verkeilung der Räder des Sattelaufliegers kann bei der Erfindung entfallen, weil die die Radmulden bildenden Quertraversen 11, 11', 11" der Quertraversenpaare die Räder 27 des Sattelaufliegers 21 gegen ein Verrutschen wirksam formschlüssig sichern.Both in the case of deferred to the
- 11
- Rahmenframe
- 22
- Verladeplattformloading platform
- 33
- Längsrichtunglongitudinal direction
- 44
- Längsprofillongitudinal profile
- 55
- Profilierungprofiling
- 66
- Kufeskid
- 77
- Querrichtungtransversely
- 88th
- Querholmtransverse spar
- 99
- Winkelstückelbow
- 1010
- SeitenwandSide wall
- 11,11', 11"11.11 ', 11 "
- Quertraversecrossbeam
- 1212
- Hubrichtungstroke direction
- 1313
- Auflageplatteplaten
- 1414
- Standflächefootprint
- 1515
- AngriffsbügelIroning attack
- 2020
- SattelzugmaschineTractor
- 2121
- Sattelaufliegersemitrailer
- 2222
- Stützbeinoutrigger
- 2323
- StützfußSupport foot
- 2424
- Terminalzugmaschineterminal tractor
- 2525
- Königszapfenkingpin
- 2626
- Sattelkupplungfifth wheel
- 2727
- Radwheel
- 2828
- Greifergrab
- 2929
- Hebegeschirrspreader
- 3030
- Aufnahmetaschereceiving pocket
- 3131
- EisenbahntaschenwagenRailway pocket wagon
- 3232
- Stützbocktrestle
Claims (4)
- Loading device comprising a frame (1) resting on a road surface and a loading platform (2) that is detachably secured in the frame (1),
characterised in that
the substantially rectangular loading platform (2) comprises a crossmember (11) in each case in the region of the ends of the narrow sides thereof and is delimited on the long sides thereof by perpendicular, guardrail-like side walls (10) comprising attachment points for a hoist (29),
at least one crossmember pair (11, 11', 11") in the region of the rear of the loading platform (2) being designed such that the wheels (27) of an axle of the semitrailer (21) lie between the crossmembers (11, 11', 11") of the crossmember pair when the loading platform (2) is raised, and a wheel segment of each wheel (27) between the crossmembers (11, 11', 11") projecting from the underside of the loading platform
and a cross-brace designed as a bearing plate (13) for the support feet (23) of the semitrailer (21) being provided on the front of the loading platform (2). - Device according to claim 1,
characterised in that
the loading platform (2) is inserted in the frame (1) in an interlocking manner. - Device according to either claim 1 or claim 2,
characterised in that
the substantially rectangular frame (1) comprises, on the narrow sides thereof, in each case two wedge-shaped runners (6) as drive-on and drive-off aids and two longitudinal profiles (4) adjoining the runners (6) and extending in the longitudinal direction (3) along the edges of the long sides of said frame as travel surfaces for the wheels (27) of a tractor unit (20, 24) and/or a semitrailer (21). - Device according to claim 1,
characterised by
attachment hoops (15) adapted to the side walls (10) of the loading platform (2) for the spreader (29) of a crane as the attachment points for a hoist.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014001070 | 2014-01-30 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2902299A1 EP2902299A1 (en) | 2015-08-05 |
EP2902299B1 true EP2902299B1 (en) | 2018-07-25 |
Family
ID=52440565
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15152763.7A Not-in-force EP2902299B1 (en) | 2014-01-30 | 2015-01-27 | Loading device for a HGV semi trailer |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2902299B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102015201387B4 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU195011U1 (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-13 | Иванов Владимир Владимирович | Basket for loading and transporting automotive semi-trailers on a flat car |
RU2738188C1 (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2020-12-09 | Акционерное общество "Завод металлоконструкций" | Method for arrangement of automotive semi-trailer on platform car |
RU2772762C1 (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-05-25 | Акционерное Общество "Федеральная Грузовая Компания" | Multi-turn fastener for transportation of automobile semi-trailers on flat wagons |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE540396C2 (en) * | 2016-12-04 | 2018-09-11 | Sidestacker Ab | A method and arrangement for loading a semi trailer onto a railway wagon |
CN107600104B (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2023-10-03 | 大连华锐重工集团股份有限公司 | Swing buffer device for transfer platform and use method thereof |
CA3111379A1 (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2020-03-12 | Co.El.Da. Software Srl | Loading system and transporting wheeled vehicles on railway network |
RU2675745C1 (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2018-12-24 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ГЕРМЕС МультиМодал ГРУПП" | Automobile semi-trailer on the platform car loading method |
CN109131263B (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2023-07-25 | 江苏海丰交通设备科技有限公司 | Novel auxiliary supporting device for connection of container semitrailer |
EP3699058B1 (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2024-05-29 | Kässbohrer Transport Technik GmbH | Assembly of a rail vehicle and carrying device |
EP3699057B1 (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2024-01-31 | Kässbohrer Transport Technik GmbH | Liftable carrying device |
RU189337U1 (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-05-21 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ГЕРМЕС МультиМодал ГРУПП" | Basket for loading and transporting semi-trailers on a flatbed car |
DE102020004193B4 (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2023-01-26 | Daimler Truck AG | Lifting system for a semi-trailer of a semi-trailer truck, logistics depot for a truck fleet and logistics system |
DE102020130761A1 (en) | 2020-11-20 | 2022-05-25 | Süddeutsche Gelenkscheibenfabrik Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung & Co. KG. | Loading platform for loading vehicles and vehicle trailers |
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DE9102001U1 (en) * | 1991-02-20 | 1991-06-06 | Bachnick, Martina, 1000 Berlin | Car ramp |
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WO2011146190A2 (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-11-24 | Sonoco Development, Inc. | Paper ramp |
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GB1530319A (en) | 1975-03-06 | 1978-10-25 | Gargour H | Support assembly to support a load upon a vehicle chassis |
US4759668A (en) | 1986-12-30 | 1988-07-26 | Larsen Stuart A | Method and apparatus to enhance intermodal containers for cargo transport |
HUT68592A (en) * | 1993-04-08 | 1995-06-28 | Parkany Kft | Railway carriage with basket |
FR2850929B3 (en) * | 2003-02-06 | 2005-01-07 | Jean Claude Ramel | DEVICE FOR THE RAIL TRANSPORT OF HEAVY-DUTY VEHICLES |
EP1582496B1 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2010-04-14 | ISU-System GmbH | Method for handling a semi-trailer and engaging means for carrying out this method |
DE102004040245A1 (en) | 2004-08-13 | 2006-02-23 | Frenzel-Bau Gmbh & Co. Kg | Cargo handling and transport system |
FR2884480B1 (en) | 2005-04-14 | 2007-07-27 | Arbel Fauvet Rail Sa | NACELLE TO RECEIVE A SEMI-TRAILER, WAGON EQUIPPED WITH A NACELLE AND METHOD OF LOADING THE SEMI-TRAILER |
EP2605982B1 (en) | 2010-08-20 | 2016-06-01 | Martin Clive-Smith | Removable frame systems for vehicle shipping |
FR2965257A1 (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2012-03-30 | Combiwest | System for handling road trailer to load trailer in transport unit e.g. hold of ship, has cradle associated with axle stand designed to support axles of trailer, where cradle is designed to support front part of trailer |
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2015
- 2015-01-27 DE DE102015201387.1A patent/DE102015201387B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-01-27 EP EP15152763.7A patent/EP2902299B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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US4743150A (en) * | 1986-07-28 | 1988-05-10 | Holland Company | Elevatable hitch assembly with lateral slot for trailer on flatcar |
DE9102001U1 (en) * | 1991-02-20 | 1991-06-06 | Bachnick, Martina, 1000 Berlin | Car ramp |
US5845356A (en) * | 1996-07-19 | 1998-12-08 | Braj Enterprise Inc. | Loading ramp and handling apparatus |
WO2011146190A2 (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-11-24 | Sonoco Development, Inc. | Paper ramp |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2738188C1 (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2020-12-09 | Акционерное общество "Завод металлоконструкций" | Method for arrangement of automotive semi-trailer on platform car |
RU195011U1 (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-13 | Иванов Владимир Владимирович | Basket for loading and transporting automotive semi-trailers on a flat car |
RU2772762C1 (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-05-25 | Акционерное Общество "Федеральная Грузовая Компания" | Multi-turn fastener for transportation of automobile semi-trailers on flat wagons |
RU2772762C9 (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-06-28 | Акционерное Общество "Федеральная Грузовая Компания" | Multi-turn fastener for transportation of automobile semi-trailers on flat wagons |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102015201387B4 (en) | 2019-06-13 |
DE102015201387A1 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
EP2902299A1 (en) | 2015-08-05 |
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