EP0949161B1 - Method and devices for a freight handling system - Google Patents

Abstract

A freight container (1) for bulk solids transported esp. by rail has a container floor (5). The container has one or more integral side-to-side strengthened passages (10) providing lifting points for e.g. a fork lift truck (21). The container floor (5) is a trap-door which may be opened to release and discharge the bulk solid contents. An Independent claim is included for a method of using the above to discharge of solids.

Description

The present invention relates to a freight system consisting of a Freight containers for the transportation of goods by means of transport, in particular for the transport of bulk goods by rail vehicles such as freight wagons, which has a pivoting floor and at least above the floor has a receptacle for a fixed load suspension device, and one Attachment for conveyor vehicles, especially for wheel loaders, forklifts and the like, for loading or unloading means of transport with freight containers. The The invention further relates to a method for emptying freight containers.

A generic freight container is known from US-A-2,725,999. The Freight container is equipped with a swiveling bottom and points Above the bottom, tubular load suspension devices for the forks Forklift.

Cargo containers are generally used for the transportation of goods with different Means of transport, for example on roads and rails by truck and freight wagons, and have diverse requirements due to the to fulfill various types of goods to be transported. Basically there is the endeavor to create the largest possible transport area with one as possible small number of different freight containers and means of transport deal with. In this context, in particular, the task arises in a single freight container on the one hand raw products, such as Wood chips as raw materials for the production of chipboard, parquet boards and the like finished wood products, by means of transport in the Transport processing plants into it and then after the Unloading finished products in a simple way, in this case for example in the same freight container with a means of transport Load wood panels and transport them to the end user, taking it What matters most is the loading and unloading process in the shortest possible time carry out and ensure in the cargo container during transport, that the sensitive Raw products and finished goods are not damaged. A basic one The goal of freight transport is to reduce the turnaround times through special freight containers and means of transport for the various goods and to reach special loading and unloading facilities.

Especially when transporting bulk goods or granular products in loose fill, such as wood and sawdust, which in the It is used in the paper industry or for the production of wooden panels disadvantageous that only relatively small openings for loading and unloading either through bulkhead doors or through side wall sliding doors and the like are available and that for opening and closing large forces may be applied against load resistances Need to become.

In addition, it is an extremely complex and not universally applicable System known in which a cargo container for unloading the Means of transport, for example for lifting or removing one Rail vehicle or truck, one with one Load-carrying means provided with a conveyor vehicle, for example a a loader with a mandrel or fork, on a side wall gripped and for emptying the freight container using the lift loader is pivoted or rotated so that the container through one of the End walls or the roof can be emptied. With the top open Freight containers are even rotated by 180 °. The disadvantage is that the cargo container must be a special cargo container that is a kind Coupling for coupling the load handler of the conveyor vehicle in the Sidewall must have. In addition, an extremely powerful Conveyor vehicle can be used, which is able to the cargo container lift and turn or swivel, sometimes up to 30 tons and more.

Especially when unloading those transported on rail vehicles Freight containers is also the problem that the Cargo container is not optimally accessible from all sides, because the Rail tracks do not lie accordingly, for example in a large one Factory where there are tracks, but the freight containers due to a track wall are only accessible from one side.

In view of this prior art, the invention is based on the object of improving a freight system of the type mentioned at the outset, avoiding the disadvantages described, in such a way that a simpler and less expensive unloading of transport means on the one hand and emptying of the freight container on the other while maintaining universal usability of the freight container in particular with regard to loading and unloading options.

The object is inventively achieved in that the freight container comprises in the swing-out bottom at least one further receptacle for a abschwenkbares load receiving means.

Due to the at least one receptacle for a load means of a conveyor vehicle, for example, the forks of a forklift, is a simple unloading of Given means of transport such as rail vehicles and trucks. The Freight containers can thus be gripped by a conveyor vehicle from which Means of transport lifted down and one for emptying the freight container intended location, for example within a factory. The swiveling floor can then be used to cover the entire area Bottom region of the cargo container extending opening is released and so the Freight containers can be emptied very quickly. In addition, the Loading space of the freight container in a manner known per se as before through at least one opening an opening in the side and / or end walls Sliding or hinged doors can be loaded and unloaded with the top open or covered or lockable freight containers also from above. The freight container is thus regarding loading and Unloading options can be used universally.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the recording is as Hollow body formed, which preferably penetrates the cargo container, so that the receptacle is separated from the loading space of the freight container. On this way the cargo is protected and can be used especially when Do not unload or empty using the load handler of the conveyor vehicle be damaged, which is particularly the case with sensitive goods, For example, wood chips or finished wood products sensitive to moisture or Food such as cereals and the like is beneficial. According to one Another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the freight container is made of a framework with side wall posts, these connecting longitudinal and Cross members, side and end walls and a floor built and is the Recording formed by a cross member of the framework, so that elaborate constructions for the provision of the recording are not necessary are.

According to another particularly advantageous proposal of the invention Recording accessible from both side walls, so that loading and unloading of means of transport even when space is tight Unloading options are easily possible.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the Freight containers above the floor two spaced apart Extensive recordings for the cargo container in the unloaded state Load handler of a conveyor vehicle. This is when loading and Unloading a means of transport stabilizing the location of the Freight container on the one hand and the conveyor vehicle reached on the other. In another particularly useful embodiment of the invention the cargo container in the floor additionally three spaced apart Extensive recordings for the floor in the discharge state Load handler of a conveyor vehicle. On the one hand, this is one given further stabilization and secondly due to the Cargo occurring in the floor area, especially when loading and unloading the means of transport onto the load handler of the conveyor vehicle acting forces divided. The recordings are advantageously in and arranged offset from one another above the bottom of the freight container, so that the stability is further increased.

With a further expedient embodiment of the invention suggested that the floor in the closed position by a lock can be locked. This locking can be done by a manually releasable Locking as a safety device as well as by the load suspension device of a conveyor vehicle can be released or locked. The fact that the bottom of the Freight container can be locked, the possible uses are Loading and unloading of means of transport further increased as the freight container according to the invention so for example with a crane or the like can be lifted off a means of transport without the floor can fold down by itself.

The part of the mining truck for loading or unloading of transport means is to achieve the object provided an attachment device for conveying vehicles, in particular for wheel loaders, forklift trucks and the like, for loading or unloading transport means with freight containers, with a movable in the height of the framework, which at least one swiveling load suspension means and additionally at least one fixed load suspension means spaced in height from the at least one swiveling load suspension means.

Due to the swiveling load suspension device, the invention Attachment also for emptying corresponding inventive Freight containers are used.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the load suspension device hydraulically swiveling. With an expedient embodiment of the invention it is proposed that the pivotable load suspension device can be locked, for example by a hydraulic cylinder or the like. This is one Given safety device that ensures that when loading or unloading of a means of transport with cargo containers of the cargo containers not accidentally, for example due to a disturbance of the pivotable Load handler, over the pivotable bottom of the freight container opened and thus emptied.

Advantageously, the attachment is additionally spaced in height from the swiveling load suspension device at least one fixed Load handler. This allows the attachment to be installed in itself use known manner, for example as a forklift.

In a preferred embodiment of the attachment according to the invention for This has two fixed, fork-shaped conveyor vehicles Load suspension means, for example two appropriately arranged mandrels with rectangular, round or according to the recordings of a Freight container designed cross section. On the one hand, this becomes a Stabilization of the position of a conveyor vehicle accordingly received cargo container achieved and secondly the weight of the freight container evenly divided between the load handling devices. The fixed and pivotable load suspension devices are advantageous offset from each other, so that a further stabilization of the situation a conveyor vehicle provided with an attachment according to the invention recorded cargo container is stabilized, in particular that a Rotation or tilting of the received freight container is prevented.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the Attachment three swiveling fork-shaped Load handler. On the one hand this will result in further stabilization achieved and secondly a safe opening or closing of the bottom of one Freight container guaranteed because the forces required for this evenly applied by the swiveling load suspension devices or be included.

The frame can advantageously be moved hydraulically, for example by means of a further hydraulic unit.

According to a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention the attachment is retrofittable, so that the invention Attachment to existing conveyor vehicles such as wheel loaders, Forklift, excavator and the like, is adaptable. This way and Wise investments for new vehicles to be purchased are wise not mandatory. In particular, these can still be done otherwise be used.

On the process side, the present invention provides a method for Unloading means of transport with freight containers, especially for the Transport of bulk goods by rail vehicles and for emptying proposed this cargo container, which is characterized in that a a swiveling bottom freight container with a at least one swiveling load suspension device and additionally in height spaced from the at least one swiveling load suspension device at least one transport vehicle having a fixed load handling device from lifted from a means of transport to a place intended for emptying transported and by swiveling the swiveling Load carrier of the conveyor vehicle the bottom of the freight container to Emptying the cargo container is pivoted.

By swiveling the swiveling load suspension device in easily achieved that in the area of the bottom of the cargo container opening for emptying extending over the entire floor area the cargo container is released, so that a quick emptying of the Freight container is given.

According to a further advantageous proposal of the invention Freight container by swiveling the swiveling back The load handler can be closed again. So the cargo container according to the Drain immediately filled or loaded and a corresponding one Means of transport are loaded again with the freight container. Overall lets shorten the turnaround times.

Fig. 1

ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Frachtbehälters in einer schematischen, perspektivischen Ansicht;

Fig. 2

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel für einen Frachtbehälter in einer schematischen Seitenansicht;

Fig. 3

den Frachtbehälter gemäß Fig. 2 in einer Vorderansicht;

Fig. 4a

Teile eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines Anbaugerätes für Förderfahrzeuge in einer schematischen Seitenansicht in einer geschlossenen Position;

Fig. 4b

das Anbaugerät für Förderfahrzeuge gemäß Fig. 4a in einer schematischen Seitenansicht in einer geöffneten Position;

Fig. 5a

ein Anbaugerät für Förderfahrzeuge gemäß Fig. 4a mit einem aufgenommenen Frachtbehälter gemäß Fig. 1 in einer schematischen Seitenansicht;

Fig. 5b

ein Anbaugerät für Förderfahrzeuge gemäß Fig. 4b mit einem aufgenommenen Frachtbehälter gemäß Fig. 1 in einer schematischen Seitenansicht;

Fig. 6a

ein Förderfahrzeug mit einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel für ein Anbaugerät in einer schematischen Seitenansicht;

Fig. 6b

im Detail Teile des Anbaugerätes gemäß Fig. 6a in einer schematischen Seitenansicht;

Fig. 7

einen auf einem Güterzugwagen positionierten Frachtbehälter gemäß Fig. 3 mit zwei Förderfahrzeugen gemäß den Fig. 6a und 6b in einer schematischen Seitenansicht;

Fig. 8

ein einen Frachtbehälter von einem Güterzugwagen anhebendes Förderfahrzeug gemäß Fig. 7 in einer schematischen Seitenansicht;

Fig. 9

einen von einem Förderfahrzeug angehobenen und transportierten Frachtbehälter gemäß Fig. 8 in einer schematischen Seitenansicht;

Fig. 10

einen mit einem Förderfahrzeug von einem Güterzugwagen angehobenen und transportierten Frachtbehälter gemäß Fig. 9 in einer zum Entleeren geöffneten Position in einer schematischen Seitenansicht und

Fig. 11

vier auf zwei Güterzugwagen positionierte Frachtbehälter gemäß Fig. 2 in einer schematischen Seitenansicht.

Further details, features and advantages of the present invention result from the following description of the associated drawings, in which preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown schematically. Show:

Fig. 1

an embodiment of a freight container in a schematic, perspective view;

Fig. 2

a further embodiment of a freight container in a schematic side view;

Fig. 3

the cargo container of Figure 2 in a front view.

Fig. 4a

Parts of an embodiment of an attachment for conveyor vehicles in a schematic side view in a closed position;

Fig. 4b

the attachment for conveyor vehicles according to Figure 4a in a schematic side view in an open position.

Fig. 5a

an attachment for conveyor vehicles according to Figure 4a with a received cargo container according to Figure 1 in a schematic side view.

Fig. 5b

4b shows an attachment for conveyor vehicles according to FIG. 4b with a received freight container according to FIG. 1 in a schematic side view;

Fig. 6a

a conveyor vehicle with a further embodiment for an attachment in a schematic side view;

Fig. 6b

in detail parts of the attachment according to FIG 6a in a schematic side view.

Fig. 7

a in a schematic side view of a freight container positioned on a freight train wagon according to FIG. 3 with two conveyor vehicles according to FIGS. 6a and 6b;

Fig. 8

a conveyor vehicle lifting a freight container from a freight train wagon according to FIG. 7 in a schematic side view;

Fig. 9

a cargo container lifted and transported by a conveyor vehicle according to FIG 8 in a schematic side view.

Fig. 10

a in a position open for emptying in a schematic side view and a freight container lifted and transported by a freight train wagon according to FIG. 9

Fig. 11

a schematic side view of four freight containers positioned on two freight wagons according to FIG. 2.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective view box-shaped cargo container 1, consisting of a framework with Side walls 2 and end walls 3, a roof 4 and a bottom 5. Das Framework of the freight container 1 includes not shown here Sidewall posts and these connecting longitudinal and cross members for example, are made from rolled sections. Not explicit in Fig. 1 side wall sliding doors or the clear ones are shown Freight container cross section releasing bulkhead doors for loading and Discharged. Likewise, the roof 4 of the freight container 1 can be opened, Open openings for loading and unloading.

The freight container 1 points above the floor, here directly below the Roof 4, two parallel to the cross members, not shown here, that is parallel to the end walls 3, running, a rectangular cross section having recordings for receiving a load Conveyor vehicle, wherein in Fig. 1, the side wall Receiving openings 6 can be seen.

The bottom 5 of the freight container 1 is not shown here explicitly Swivel axis articulated so that it corresponds to the 7th marked arrow can be pivoted. It is also possible that the bottom has a pivot axis on each side wall side, of which depending on requirements, one can be locked, so that the bottom 5 of the Freight container 1 either around one or the other side wall is pivotable. For example, depending on the accessibility at Unloading the freight container 1 decided by a means of transport be about which pivot axis the bottom 5 should be pivotable. The Bottom 5 here has three parallel to the cross members or end walls 3 running recordings with a rectangular cross section Inclusion of a load means of a conveyor vehicle, of which in Fig. 1st likewise only the side wall-side receiving openings 8 can be seen. Furthermore, the bottom 5 of the freight container 1 has at its corners Fastening devices 9 for fastening the freight container 1 on a Means of transport - for example a freight wagon - on the to Lock the freight container 1 with the freight wagon.

As can be seen in FIG. 1, the recordings are in and above the floor 5 of the freight container 1 are offset from one another so as to ensure stable removal. or loading means of transport with the appropriate freight container 1 to ensure, in particular to prevent the cargo container 1 when loading or unloading a means of transport in its horizontal position is rotated or tilted.

2 and 3 show a further embodiment of a freight container 1, Fig. 2 in a schematic side view and Fig. 3 in one schematic, partially sectioned front view. With this Exemplary embodiment of the freight container 1 are the receptacles 10 above the bottom 5 about halfway up the side walls 2 and end walls 3 arranged. Both the recordings 10 above and the recordings 11 in the bottom 5 are hollow bodies with a rectangular cross section educated. 3 shows the pivot axis 12 on which the bottom 5 is pivotally articulated. In Fig. 2 it can be seen that the Swivel axis 12 through two arranged parallel to each other Hinge elements 13 is provided, the bottom 5 with a Connect side panel 2. The position is furthermore dash-dotted in FIG the bottom 5 shown in the open state.

4a shows a schematic side view of one in height movable frame 14 of an attachment for conveyor vehicles, especially for wheel loaders, forklifts and the like, for loading or Unloading means of transport with freight containers. The frame 14 has at least one fixed load suspension device 15, here in the form of a support or Carrying fork, and at a distance from this at least one by one Pivot axis 16 pivotally articulated load suspension means 17. The Load suspension device 17 extends beyond pivot axis 16 at an angle. At the end of this angled part is the pivotable one Load suspension means 17 with one end of a hydraulic element 18 connected, the connection between the end of the Load suspension means 17 and the end of the hydraulic element 18 at the the point marked arrow 19 is movably or rotatably connected. The hydraulic element 18 is also on the arrow 20 marked location pivoted on the frame 14 and with connected to this. 4a, the attachment is in a first position, one so-called closed position, which is used for loading or unloading a freight container from a means of transport.

4b shows the height-adjustable frame 14 of the attachment 4a in a second position, a so-called emptying position. It is pivotable load suspension means 17 by moving the Hydraulic element 18 pivoted about the pivot axis 16 by 90 °.

5a shows a schematic side view of a freight container 1, which one of the load suspension means 15 and 17 of the frame 14 Attachment for conveyor vehicles according to FIG. 4a is picked up, for example for loading or unloading a means of transport, for example a freight train wagon. Here, the load suspension device 15 or 17 retracted into the receptacles 10 and 11. By proceeding the Frame 14 in height, the cargo container 1 can by one Means of transport added for unloading or on such for loading be put on.

Fig. 5b shows a corresponding to Fig. 5a of an attachment for Freight container 1, in which the bottom 5 by pivoting the load suspension means 17 to empty the Freight container 1 is pivoted by 90 °.

6a shows a schematic side view of a conveyor vehicle 21 an attachment 22 according to the invention, consisting of a mast 23, on which a height-adjustable frame 14 with fixed Load suspension means 15 and at a distance from them in height pivotally articulated load carrying means 17. Fig. 6b shows the Frame 14 with load suspension means 15 and 17 and hydraulic element 18 in Detail in a side view.

7 shows a freight train wagon 24 loaded with freight containers 1 which is shown on both sides of a conveyor vehicle 21 according to FIG. Approach 6a and 6b for unloading, as can be seen from the arrows 25.

FIG. 8 shows the conveyor vehicle 21 shown on the right in FIG. 7 as it is Cargo container 1 with the load handling devices 15 and 17 of the attachment 22 by entering the receptacles 10 and 11 of the freight container 1 for Unloading the freight car 24 picks up. For this purpose - as in Fig. 8 the arrow 26 shown - the frame 14 of the attachment 22 upwards method.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 9, the conveyor vehicle 21 according to the arrow marked with 27 and the Freight container 1 to one intended for emptying or for parking Location transported. The cargo container can be moved by moving the frame 14 in height - as shown by arrow 28 - for emptying the Freight container 1 can be raised further.

Finally, at the location provided for emptying the freight container 1 the pivotable load-carrying means 17 of the attachment 22 of the Conveyor vehicle 21 pivots so that in the region of the bottom of the Freight container 1 opens a bottom-opening and that in Goods container 1 located, for example a bulk material, on the Emptying the cargo container 1 provided location is released, as in Fig. 10 shown.

Then by swiveling back the load-carrying means 17 Bottom 5 of the cargo container 1 are closed again and the Freight container 1 again on a means of transport, such as the Freight wagons 24 are charged.

11 shows a schematic side view of two freight wagons 24, here two short coupled flat wagons, each two according to the invention Carry cargo container 1. The freight train cars 21 each form a short one coupled carriage unit and each have a two-axis drive 31 on, which in a known manner not described in detail with a Underframe 32 is connected, which from an approximately level with the buffer 33rd arranged, welded profile frame, which is the vertical Loads, the buffer forces and towing hook forces and those from the barrel originating vertical and lateral mass forces. Through the Unloading or loading possibility of a means of transport according to the invention such as Freight car 24 and the emptying option of the invention Freight container 1, it is possible to use the appropriate means of transport, such as the short-coupled flat wagons shown here Optimal use of cargo space, what with the previously known Ent- and Loading options and emptying options for freight containers is not possible, since these have correspondingly larger free spaces 29 and 30 between the freight containers 1 and the adjacent freight containers between two freight wagons need.

The exemplary embodiments and embodiments shown serve merely an explanation of the invention and are not for this limiting.

Claims (24)

1. Freight container for transporting goods with transport means, in particular for transporting bulk goods with rail vehicles such as railway goods wagons, which comprises a swing-out bottom (5) and, above the bottom (5), at least one mount (10) for a fixed load take-up means (15),
   characterised in that the freight container (1) comprises in the swing-out bottom (5) at least one further mount (11) for a swing-out load take-up means (17).
2. Freight container according to Claim 1, characterised in that the mount (10) is formed as a hollow body.
3. Freight container according to Claim 1 or 2, composed of a framework with side wall posts, longitudinal and cross members connecting the latter, side and end walls and a bottom, characterised in that the mount (10) is formed by a cross member of the framework.
4. Freight container according to one or more of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the mount (10) is accessible from both side walls (2).
5. Freight container according to one or more of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that this comprises above the bottom (5) two spaced mounts (10) for load take-up means (15), passing through the freight container (1) in the unloading state, of a conveying vehicle (21).
6. Freight container according to one or more of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that this additionally comprises in the bottom (5) at least one mount (11) for a load take-up means (15), passing through the freight container (1) in the unloading state, of a conveying vehicle (21).
7. Freight container according to one or more of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that this additionally comprises in the bottom (5) three spaced mounts (11) for load take-up means (17), passing through the freight container (1) in the unloading state, of a conveying vehicle (21).
8. Freight container according to Claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the mounts (10, 11) are staggered in and above the bottom (5) of the freight container (1).
9. Freight container according to one or more of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the bottom (5) can be locked in the closed position by a locking mechanism.
10. Freight container according to one or more of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the bottom (5) is hinged in swivelling fashion about a swivel pin (12).
11. Freight container according to Claim 10, characterised in that the swivel pin (12) is of multipart formation.
12. Freight container according to Claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the swivel pin (12) is formed by at least two hinge elements (13).
13. Attachment for conveying vehicles, in particular for wheel loaders, fork-lift trucks and similar, for loading or unloading transport means with freight containers (1), with a lifting support structure (23) having a frame (14) which can move vertically and comprises at least one swing-out load take-up means (17) and additionally, at a vertical spacing from the at least one swing-out load take-up means (17), at least one fixed load take-up means (15).
14. Attachment according to Claim 13, characterised in that the load take-up means (17) can be swung out hydraulically.
15. Attachment according to Claim 13 or 14, characterised in that the swivelling load take-up means (17) can be locked.
16. Attachment according to one or more of Claims 13 to 15, characterised in that this comprises three swing-out load take-up means (17) disposed in a forked fashion.
17. Attachment according to one or more of Claims 13 to 16, characterised in that this comprises two fixed load take-up means (15) disposed in a forked fashion.
18. Attachment according to one or more of Claims 13 and 17, characterised in that the swing-out and fixed load take-up means (15, 17) are staggered.
19. Attachment according to one or more of Claims 13 to 18, characterised in that the frame (14) can be moved hydraulically.
20. Attachment according to one or more of Claims 13 to 19, characterised in that this can be retrofitted.
21. Conveying vehicle, in particular wheel loader, fork-lift truck and similar, characterised in that this comprises an attachment according to one or more of Claims 13 to 20.
22. Method for unloading transport means with freight containers, in particular for transporting bulk goods with rail vehicles, and for emptying these freight containers (1), characterised in that a freight container (1) comprising a swing-out bottom (5) is lifted from a transport means by a conveying vehicle (21) comprising at least one swing-out load take-up means (17) and additionally, at a vertical spacing from the at least one swing-out load take-up means (17), at least one fixed load take-up means (15), transported to a location designated for emptying the freight container (1) and, by swinging out the swing-out load take-up means (17) of the conveying vehicle (21), the bottom (5) of the freight container (1) is swung out to empty the freight container (1).
23. Method according to Claim 22, characterised in that the freight container (1) can be closed again by swinging back the swing-out load take-up means (17) of the conveying vehicle (21).
24. Method according to Claim 22 or 23, characterised in that, in order to load a transport means, the freight container (1) is deposited on the transport means by the conveying vehicle (21).

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