WO1994015962A2 - Derivatized calcitonins - Google Patents

Derivatized calcitonins Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994015962A2
WO1994015962A2 PCT/US1993/012692 US9312692W WO9415962A2 WO 1994015962 A2 WO1994015962 A2 WO 1994015962A2 US 9312692 W US9312692 W US 9312692W WO 9415962 A2 WO9415962 A2 WO 9415962A2
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
compound according
group
thr
calcitonin
substituted
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PCT/US1993/012692
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO1994015962A3 (en
Inventor
Virender Labroo
Tomikazu Sasaki
Original Assignee
Zymogenetics, Inc.
University Of Washington
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Application filed by Zymogenetics, Inc., University Of Washington filed Critical Zymogenetics, Inc.
Priority to EP94905569A priority Critical patent/EP0677062A1/en
Priority to NZ261052A priority patent/NZ261052A/en
Priority to AU59629/94A priority patent/AU673237B2/en
Priority to KR1019950702713A priority patent/KR100310280B1/ko
Priority to CA002153071A priority patent/CA2153071C/en
Priority to JP6516111A priority patent/JPH08505393A/ja
Publication of WO1994015962A2 publication Critical patent/WO1994015962A2/en
Publication of WO1994015962A3 publication Critical patent/WO1994015962A3/en
Priority to NO952608A priority patent/NO952608L/no
Priority to FI953255A priority patent/FI953255A/fi

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • C07K14/575—Hormones
    • C07K14/57527—Calcitonin gene related peptide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • A61K38/22—Hormones
    • A61K38/23—Calcitonins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/12—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for electrolyte homeostasis
    • A61P3/14—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for electrolyte homeostasis for calcium homeostasis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • C07K14/575—Hormones
    • C07K14/585—Calcitonins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides

Definitions

  • Bone is a dynamic tissue, and homeostasis in the adult skeleton requires a balance between the formation of new bone and the resorption of previously formed bone.
  • Calcitonin a peptide hormone secreted by the thyroid and thymus of mammals, plays an important role in maintaining bone homeostasis.
  • Calcitonin binds to receptors found on osteoclasts, cells in the bone tissue which mediate bone resorption. Calcitonin immobilizes the osteoclast, thus inhibiting bone resorption with a resultant decrease in the amount of calcium released by bone into the serum. This inhibition of bone resorption has been exploited by using calcitonin as a treatment for osteoporosis.
  • Calcitonin occurs in the thyroid glands of mammals and the ultimobranchial glands of lower vertebrates.
  • Known, naturally occurring calcitonins are all 32-amino acid polypeptides having an amidated carboxy terminus and an intramolecular disulfide bond between cysteine residues in the 1 and 7 positions.
  • salmon calcitonin is preferred over human calcitonin for treatment of osteoporosis.
  • the worldwide market for salmon calcitonin exceeds $500 million annually.
  • Salmon calcitonin has been shown to be considerably more effective in arresting bone resorption than human forms of calcitonin.
  • There are several hypotheses for why salmon calcitonin is more potent than human calcitonin in treatment of osteoporosis include: 1) salmon calcitonin is more resistant to degradation; 2) salmon calcitonin has a lower metabolic clearance rate (MCR); and 3) salmon calcitonin may have a slightly different conformation, resulting in a higher affinity for bone receptor sites.
  • MCR metabolic clearance rate
  • Salmon calcitonin is administered by injection, a process that many patients find unacceptable.
  • some patients develop antibodies to non-human calcitonin. Therefore, new analogs of salmon, human or other calcitonins that are potent inhibitors of bone resorption, less expensive, more convenient to administer and non-immunogenic are needed.
  • the present invention provides compounds selected from the group consisting of
  • the present invention provides compounds of the formula R-N-CT, wherein CT is a calcitonin selected from the group consisting of human, salmon, eel, rat, porcine, bovine, ovine and chicken calcitonins and biologically active derivatives and variants thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; N is an amide linkage; and wherein R is substituted or unsubstituted biaryl, optionally containing 1 or 2 ring nitrogen atoms per ring; substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl containing 1 or 2 ring heteroatoms per ring, selected from the group consisting of N, S and O; substituted or unsubstituted bis- heterocycloalkyl containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms per ring selected from the group consisting of N, S and O; or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl containing 1 to 4 heteroatoms per ring selected from the group consisting of N, S and O.
  • CT is a calciton
  • compositions are useful for, inter ali a , reducing serum calcium in a patient.
  • Figures 1, 2 and 3 represent the results of an assay measuring serum calcium levels using a compound that is representative of the present invention.
  • BP 4,4 -CT ZP- 1
  • SCT salmon calcitonin
  • the present invention provides new derivatized calcitonin molecules. These molecules are provided in both monomeric and multimeric forms.
  • the derivatized calcitonins of the present invention provide various advantages over currently available calcitonins, including higher specific activity, increased half-life, increased stability and/or reduced immunogenicity.
  • the derivatized calcitonins of the present invention include derivatized human, salmon, eel, rat, porcine, bovine, ovine and chicken calcitonins. Salmon and, in particular, human calcitonins are preferred.
  • the calcitonins may be derived from the native, wild-type molecules or may be derived from modified forms of calcitonin having biological activity. A variety of modified calcitonins are known in the art, including calcitonins having amino acid substitutions (e.g. U.S. Patents Nos. 4,824,936; 4,764,589; 4,663,309 and 4,658,014), deletions (e.g. U.S. Patents Nos.
  • the molecules of the present invention are characterized by a derivatized amino terminus, formed by combining a calcitonin with a cyclic, polycyclic or heterocyclic moiety selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted biaryl, optionally containing 1 or 2 ring nitrogen atoms per ring; substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl containing 1 or 2 ring heteroatoms per ring selected from the group consisting of N, S and O; substituted or unsubstituted bis- heterocycloalkyl containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms per ring selected from the group consisting of N, S and O; and substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl containing 1 to 4 heteroatoms per ring selected from the group consisting of N, S and O, wherein the cyclic, polycyclic or heterocyclic moiety is joined to the N-terminal cysteine residue of the calcitonin via an amide linkage.
  • cyclic, polycyclic, heterocyclic, heterocycloalkyl and equivalents thereof are used to denote ring structures having three or more atoms per ring. In general, these structures will have fewer than nine atoms per ring, preferably five, six or seven atoms per ring, although structures containing twelve or more ring atoms may be used.
  • biaryl, heteroaryl and equivalents thereof are used to denote aromatic ring structures having five or more atoms per ring, preferably five to eight ring atoms, more preferably five or six ring atoms per ring.
  • the cyclic, polycylic, and heterocyclic moieties include fused ring structures containing from 2-3 rings per fused ring group.
  • Preferred fused ring structures include biaryl moieties having the structure
  • X, X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , Y, Y 1 , Y 2 and Y 3 are individually C or N and R' is linear C 1 -C 8 alkyl, branched C 1 -C 12 alkyl, nitro, hydroxyl, carboxyl, trifluoromethyl, carboxylamide, sulfhydryl, cyano, halo, alkoxy, ester or H.
  • a second group of preferred fused ring structures includes the structure
  • a third group of preferred fused ring structures includes heterocycloalkyl moieties having the structure
  • a fourth group of preferred fused ring structures includes bis-heterocycloalkyl moieties having the structure
  • a fifth group of preferred fused ring structures includes heteroaryl moieties having the structure
  • X is C, O, S or N; Y, Z and A are individually C or N and R' is as defined above.
  • a preferred class of calcitonin derivatives includes those modified by the addition of a compound of the formula:
  • X 1 and Y 1 are individually C or N and R' is linear C 1 -C 8 alkyl, branched C 1 -C 12 alkyl, nitro, hydroxyl, trifluoromethyl, carboxyl, carboxylamide, sulfhydryl, cyano, halo, alkoxy, ester or H.
  • Particularly preferred members of this class include those modif ied by the addition of the compounds :
  • a second preferred class of calcitonin derivatives includes those modified by the addition of a compound of the formula:
  • n 1 or 2
  • X 2 is N, O or S
  • Y 2 is C or N
  • R 1 is as defined above.
  • Particularly preferred members of this class include those modified by the addition of the compound
  • a third preferred class of calcitonin derivatives includes those modified by the addition of a compound of the formula:
  • X 3 and Y 3 are individually N, O or S, and R' is as defined above.
  • Particularly preferred members of this class include those modified by the addition of the compound:
  • a fourth preferred class of calcitonin derivatives includes those modified by the addition of a compound of the formula:
  • Y 4 is O, S or N;
  • X 4 , Z and A are individually C or N, subject to the limitation that X 4 is not N when Y 4 is O or S; and
  • R' is as described above.
  • Particularly preferred members of this class include those modified by the addition of the compounds:
  • a fifth preferred class of calcitonin derivatives includes those modified by the addition of a compound of the formula:
  • X 5 is N
  • Y 5 is C or N
  • R' is as described above.
  • Particularly preferred members of this class include those modified by the addition of the compounds:
  • a sixth preferred class of calcitonin derivatives includes those modified by the addition of a compound of the formula:
  • the calcitonin derivatives of the present invention can be synthesized by solid phase or solution phase methods conventionally used for the synthesis of peptides (see, for example, Merrifield, R.B. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 85: 2149-2154, 1963; Birr, C. Aspects of the Merrifield Peptide Synthesis, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, 1978; Carpino, L.A., Acc. Chem. Res. 6:191-198, 1973; Kent S.B., Ann. Rev. Biochem. 57:957-989, 1988; Gregg et al. Int. J. Peptide Protein Res. 35:161-214, 1990; The Peptides, Analysis, Synthesis, Biology, Vol.
  • Preferred solid supports are divinylbenzene cross-linked polystyrene resins, which are commercially available in a variety of functionalized forms, including chloromethyl resin, hydroxymethyl resin, paraacetamidomethyl resin, benzhydryl amine (BHA) resin, p-methylbenzhydrylamine (MBHA) resin, oxime resins, 4- alkoxybenzyl alcohol resin, 4-(2',4'- dimethoxyphenylaminomethyl)-phenoxymethyl resin, 2,4- dimethoxybenzhydrylamine resin, and 4-(2',4'- dimethoxyphenyl-FMOC-aminomethyl)- phenoxyacetamidonorleucyl-MBHA resin (Rink amide MBHA resin).
  • BHA benzhydryl amine
  • MBHA p-methylbenzhydrylamine
  • oxime resins 4- alkoxybenzyl alcohol resin, 4-(2',4'- dimethoxyphenylaminomethyl)
  • BHA, MBHA and Rink amide MBHA resins are particularly preferred, since they can directly provide C- terminal amides after cleavage of the peptide chain from the resin.
  • a particularly preferred resin for use within the present invention is the Rink amide MBHA resin (available from Nova Biochem, La Jolla, CA).
  • a preferred protecting group for the ⁇ -amino group of the amino acids is acid-labile t-butyloxycarbonyl (BOC). BOC is deprotected using trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in a suitable solvent, such as methylene chloride.
  • the resultant TFA salt is neutralized with a base, such as diisopropylethyl amine (DIEA) or triethylamine (Et 3 N), then coupled with the protected amino acid derivative.
  • a base such as diisopropylethyl amine (DIEA) or triethylamine (Et 3 N)
  • DIEA diisopropylethyl amine
  • Et 3 N triethylamine
  • Another preferred protecting group for ⁇ -amino acids is base-labile 9- fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (FMOC).
  • FMOC base-labile 9- fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl
  • the amino acid residues can be coupled by using a variety of coupling agents and chemistries known in the art, such as direct coupling with DIC, DCC or BOP; via preformed symmetrical anhydrides; via active esters such as pentafluorophenyl esters; or via preformed HOBt active esters.
  • Activation with HBTU [2-(1H-Benzotriazole-1- yl),1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate]
  • HOBt hydroxybenzotriazole
  • the solid phase method can be carried out manually, although automated synthesis on a commercially available peptide synthesizer (e.g. Applied Biosystems 431A or the like) is preferred.
  • FMOC-Rink-amide MBHA resin is treated with 20% piperidine in NMP to remove the FMOC group.
  • the first amino acid (the C-terminal FMOC-Pro) is loaded on the resin using the HBTU/HOBt method.
  • Successive deprotection with 20% piperidine/NMP
  • coupling cycles according to ABI FastMoc protocols (ABI user bulletins 32 and 33, Applied Biosystems Inc.) are used to build the whole peptide sequence.
  • the identity and integrity of the peptide are established, such as by deprotecting and cleaving a small portion of the FMOC-peptide resin with Reagent K (0.75 g cystalline phenol, 0.25 ml ethanedithiol, 0.5 ml thioanisole, 0.5 ml dionized water, 10 ml TFA) or the like.
  • Reagent K 0.75 g cystalline phenol, 0.25 ml ethanedithiol, 0.5 ml thioanisole, 0.5 ml dionized water, 10 ml TFA
  • the peptide is precipitated and washed with ether, purified by reverse phase HPLC and characterized by amino acid analysis and mass spectro ⁇ copy.
  • the amino terminus of the calcitonin is then derivatized.
  • the N-terminal FMOC group of the peptide resin is typically deprotected with 20% piperidine in DMF for 20-30 minutes. The resin is filtered, washed thoroughly with DMF and DCM, and dried.
  • the carboxylic derivatives to be used for N- terminal modification can be coupled to the N-terminal amino group of the resin-linked peptide by the same activating procedures used in peptide synthesis, such as carbodiimide-mediated coupling; mixed anhydride; symmetrical anhydride; preformed active ester; acyl chloride; BOP, PyBOP, or PyBrOP-mediated coupling with or without HOBt; or variations and improvements thereof known in the art (see, for example, Coste et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 31: 669, 1990 and Coste et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 31: 205, 1990). Coupling can be done manually or by automated means.
  • a particularly preferred method is to first pre-activate the carboxylic acid derivative by reacting it with HOBt and DIC in a mixture of DCM and DMF at room temperature to form the HOBt ester of the carboxylic acid derivative. This mixture is then added to the deprotected peptide-resin, and the suspension is shaken at room temperature. The reaction is followed by Kaiser test. The resin is then filtered, washed with DMF and DCM, and dried.
  • the derivatized peptide is cleaved from the resin and deprotected by treatment with TFA containing appropriate scavengers. Many such cleavage reagents, such as reagent K and others, may be used.
  • the modified peptide is separated from the resin by filtration and isolated by ether precipitation. Further purification may be achieved by conventional methods such as gel filtration and reverse phase HPLC.
  • the disulfide bond between the two cysteines at positions 1 and 7 of calcitonin is formed according to conventional methods, such as by aerial oxidation or oxidation with potassium ferricyanide or DMSO (Tarn et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113 : 6657-6662, 1991).
  • a particularly preferred method is oxidation with DMSO. After the oxidation reaction is complete, as monitored by HPLC or Ellman's reagent, the peptide is isolated and purified by HPLC and analyzed for purity by analytical HPLC and mass spectrometry.
  • multimeric calcitonins are provided.
  • a calcitonin derivatized with a heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl group is combined with an ion of a transition metal to form a complex.
  • Preferred calcitonin derivatives in this regard are those modified by the addition of a linear bicyclic moiety containing two ring nitrogen atoms, such as a bipyridine or bipyridine-like moiety.
  • a bipyridine or bipyridine-like moiety such as a bipyridine or bipyridine-like moiety.
  • salmon calcitonin derivatized with dicarboxy-bipyridine forms a 3:1 molar complex with Fe 2+ .
  • metals useful in this regard include Cr 3+ , Fe 3+ , Mn 2+ , Co 2+ , Co 3+ , Ni 2+ , Cu 2+ , Cu + and Zn 2+ .
  • a preferred method for preparing complexes is by titration of modified calcitonins with an aqueous solution of an appropriate metal salt.
  • Calcitonin derivatives according to the present invention may be in the form of pharmaceutically acceptable salts, especially acid-addition salts including salts of organic acids and mineral acids.
  • acid-addition salts including salts of organic acids and mineral acids.
  • examples of such salts include salts of organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, pyruvic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, salicylic acid and the like.
  • the acid-addition salts of the basic amino acid residues are prepared by treatment of the peptide with the appropriate acid or mineral according to procedures well known to those skilled in the art, or the desired salt may be obtained directly by lyophilization out of the appropriate acid.
  • the compounds of the present invention have hypocalcemic activity and are useful within human and veterinary medicine for the reduction of serum calcium and regulation of bone metabolism.
  • the compounds of the present invention may be used, for example, in the treatment of osteoporosis, Paget's disease, hyperparathyroidism, osteomalacia, idiopathic hypercalcemia of infancy and other conditions.
  • the calcitonin derivatives can also be used to inhibit gastric secretion in the treatment of acute pancreatitis and gastrointestinal disorders.
  • compositions are administered at daily to weekly intervals.
  • An "effective amount" of such a pharmaceutical composition is the amount that provides a clinically significant reduction in serum calcium, inhibition of bone resorption, inhibition of gastric secretion or other effect. Such amounts will depend, in part, on the particular condition to be treated, age, weight, and general health of the patient, and other factors evident to those skilled in the art.
  • concentration of therapeutically effective doses of the calcitonin derivatives can vary widely depending on the indication and are well known in the art. For example, therapeutic doses for the treatment of osteoporosis generally range from 50-150 International Units (I.U.).
  • Potency is estimated by comparing the hypocalcemic effect in rats with that of a standard preparation and is expressed in International Units, as described in the International Reference of Preparation, distributed by the National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Holly Hill, London. Compounds having significantly enhanced half-lives may be administered at lower doses.
  • calcitonin derivatives and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are formulated with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for parenteral, oral, nasal, rectal or transdermal administration according to conventional methods.
  • Formulations may further include one or more diluents, fillers, emulsifiers, preservatives, buffers, excipients, etc. and may be provided in such forms as liquids, powders, emulsions, suppositories, liposomes, transdermal patches, tablets, etc.
  • Linear protected salmon calcitonin was synthesized by solid phase methodology on an Applied Biosystems, Inc. (Foster City, CA) 431A peptide synthesizer using FMOC chemistry and HOBt and HBTU activation methodology.
  • Rink amide MBHA resin Nova Biochem, La Jolla, CA
  • All the couplings were > 98.5 %.
  • the resin was thoughly washed with NMP and CH 2 Cl 2 and dried.
  • a small portion (27 mg) of the resin- linked FMOC-SCT was deprotected and cleaved in 10 ml of reagent K for 2.5 hr.
  • the resin was filtered and solution evaporated. The residue was chromatographed on a Vydac C- 4 (2.2 x 25 cm) HPLC column using a gradient of 0-60% B in 40 minutes (Solvent A: 0.1% TFA in water and Solvent B: 0.1% TFA in acetonitrile) to provide pure FMOC-SCT. Retention time of the peptide was 36.38 min. The peptide was characterized by amino acid analysis and mass spectometry (ms 3656.33) to establish the integrity of the salmon calcitonin link to the resin.
  • 2,2'-Bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid (0.2 mM) was dissolved in 3 ml of 5% diisopropylethylamine (DIEA) in CH 2 Cl 2 in a flask equipped with a stir bar and drying tube.
  • DIEA diisopropylethylamine
  • N-Hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt) (0.5 mM)
  • DIC diisopropylcarbodiimide
  • SCT-resin 100 mg was treated with 20% piperidine in DMF to remove the N-terminal protecting group.
  • the deprotected SCT- resin was added to the solution of 2,2'-bipyridine carboxylic acid HOBt diester. The mixture was kept shaking overnight. A negative Kaiser test for free NH 2 group indicated that coupling was complete. The SCT-resin was washed with DMF and CH 2 Cl 2 .
  • the reduced form of bipyridine-modified SCT was cleaved from the resin with reagent K, and purified by reverse phase HPLC.
  • a mixture of acetonitrile and water containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid was used as HPLC solvent.
  • a linear gradient (20% CH 3 CN/water to 80% CH 3 CN/water in 20 minutes) was used to elute the peptide.
  • the major peak was collected and lyophilized.
  • the resulting peptide was oxidized by first dissolving the peptide in 1% aqueous ammonium bicarbonate solution containing 14% DMSO, at peptide concentration of 5 mg/ml. After the mixture was held overnight at room temperature the product was isolated and purified by reverse phase HPLC. The yield was 15 mg.
  • the purified peptide was characterized using mass spectroscopy and AAA.
  • AAA gave Asx 2.20 (2), Glx 3.43 (3), Ser 4.16 (4), Gly 3.38 (3), His 0.98 (1), Arg 1.19 (1), Thr, 4.96 (5), Pro 2.24 (2), Tyr 1.21 (1), Val 1.00 (1), Cys 0.86 (2), Leu 4.54 (5), Lys 2.22 (2).
  • Circular dichroism spectroscopy was used to study the conformation of the calcitonin derivatives and their Fe(II) complexes in aqueous buffer solution.
  • the apparent molecular weight of bipyridine modified calcitonins was determined by gel-filtration and sedimentation equilibrium experiments in the presence and absence of Fe(II).
  • the formation constants and dissociation rates of the trimeric calcitonin-Fe (II) complexes was determined by UV spectroscopy.
  • Nicotinic acid-modified calcitonin ZP-5 or Nic-SCT
  • Nicotinic acid (3.7 x 10 -5 mol) was dissolved in a few drops of DMF.
  • DIC (3.7 x 10 -5 mol) was then added.
  • the mixture was shaken at room temperature for approximately 10 minutes, after which the deprotected SCT- resin was added.
  • the coupling reaction was followed using the Kaiser Test. The suspension was shaken overnight.
  • the Nic-SCT was cleaved from the resin by mixing reagent K (1.65 ml TFA, 0.112 ml 88% phenol, 0.098 ml H 2 O, 0.1 ml thioanisole, 0.05 ml ethanedithiol) with the Nic- SCT resin.
  • the reaction mixture was shaken at room temperature for 2.5 hours, and then the mixture was filtered to remove the resin.
  • the peptide was precipitated in cold ether, and collected by centrifugation. The precipitate was washed with ether three times and dried in a dessicator for approximately one hour.
  • the dried peptide was dissolved in 0.5 ml H 2 O and then applied to a Sephadex G-15 column. The column was eluted with 5% acetic acid. The peptide was detected by absorbance at 270 nm. Fractions containing the peptide were pooled and lyophilized.
  • the Nic-SCT was analyzed by reversed phase HPLC using a C 4 -analytical column (Vydac, Hesperia, CA). The HPLC was monitored at 270 nm. The eluant was acetonitrile and water containing 1% TFA. A linear gradient, from 20% to 80% acetonitrile in 20 minutes, was used to elute the Nic-SCT. The major peak (55% acetonitrile) was collected and lyophilized. The total amount of peptide was approximately 18 mg.
  • the Nic-SCT (18 mg) was oxidized with DMSO to form an intramolecular disulfide bond. The disappearance of the reduced from of Nic-SCT was followed by Ellman's reagent. The inital concentration was 2 mg/ml in buffer solution (2% NH 4 HCO 3 , pH 8.0) containing 10% DMSO. The mixture was stirred overnight. The HPLC of the oxidized Nic-SCT showed a single peak, and the retention time (59% acetonitrile) was longer than that of the reduced form (55% acetonitrile). The oxidized Nic-SCT was found to be >95% pure based on HPLC. The total amount of pure peptide was 17 mg.
  • Pic-SCT was synthesized by a procedure similar to that described for Nic-SCT. Picolinic acid (3.7 x 10 -5 mol) was coupled to the deprotected SCT-resin (100 mg) as described above. The Pic-SCT was deprotected and cleaved from the resin using reagent K as described above. The Pic-SCT was purified by HPLC using a linear gradient from 20% to 80% acetonitrile in 20 minutes. The major peak (60% acetonitrile) was collected and lyophilized. The toal amount of peptide was approximately 20 mg. The purified Pic-SCT was then oxidized as generally described for Nic-SCT.
  • the HPLC of the oxidized form showed a single peak, and the retention time (61% acetonitrile) was almost the same as that of the reduced form.
  • the oxidized Pic-SCT was found to be 90% pure based on HPLC (17 mg). The Pic-SCT is further purified by additional HPLC runs.
  • 2-Pyr-SCT was synthesized by a procedure similar to that described for Nic-SCT.
  • 2-Pyranizinecarboxylic acid (3.7 x 10 -5 mol) was coupled to the deprotected SCT- resin (100 mg) as described above.
  • the 2-Pyr-SCT was deprotected and cleaved from the resin using reagent K as described above.
  • the 2-Pyr-SCT was purified by HPLC using a linear gradient from 20% to 80% acetonitrile in 20 minutes. The major peak (59% acetonitrile) was collected and lyophilized. The toal amount of peptide was approximately 20 mg.
  • the purified 2-Pyr-SCT was then oxidized as generally described for Nic-SCT.
  • the HPLC of the oxidized form showed a single peak, and the retention time (61% acetonitrile) was slightly longer than that of the reduced form.
  • the oxidized 2-Pyr-SCT was found to be >95% pure based on HPLC (18 mg).
  • 2,2'-bipyridine-5,5'-dicarboxylic acid ZP-2 or BP 5,5 -SCT
  • 4-4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid ZP-3 or BPhe- SCT
  • isonipecotic acid ZP-8 or isonip-SCT
  • DL- pipecolinic acid ZP-9 or pip-SCT
  • nipecotic acid ZP- 10 or nip-SCT
  • the ability of the derivatized BP4 4-CT molecule to bind the calcitonin receptor was assayed by measuring the ability of the molecule to increase levels of cyclic AMP in mammalian cells expressing either a recombinant human calcitonin receptor or an endogenous hamster calcitonin receptor.
  • the human calcitonin receptor was prepared as follows: A plasmid, designated pHOLLEX (deposited as an E. coli strain XL-1 blue transformant with the American Type Culture Collection (12301 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD) on September 1, 1992 under accession number 69067), containing a DNA construct capable of directing the expression of a human calcitonin receptor was used to transfect cell line BHK/KZ10-20-48 (as disclosed in copending U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 07/954,804, which is incorporated herein in its entirety).
  • BHK/KZ10- 20-48 is a BHK cell line transfected with a plasmid containing a luciferase gene whose expression is dependent upon a cyclic AMP response element (CRE), which induces expression of downstream coding sequences in the presence of cyclic AMP.
  • CRE cyclic AMP response element
  • stimulation of the cyclic AMP pathway for example by the binding of ligand to the calcitonin receptor, results in expression of the luciferase gene.
  • the vector without the calcitonin receptor was used to transfect the cell line BHK/KZ10-20- 48 for a negative control.
  • the transfectants were grown in a selective growth medium (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) with 5% serum) containing both 500 ⁇ g/ml G418-neomycin and 250 nM methotrexate.
  • DMEM Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium
  • a BHK cell line expressing the endogenous hamster calcitonin receptor was transfected with plasmid KZ10-20-48 to provide the CRE-inducible luciferase receptor described above.
  • the transfected cells were cultured in selective growth medium containing both 500 ⁇ g/mL G418-neomycin and 250 nM methotrexate.
  • Induction was initiated by removing old medium from the wells and adding 100 ⁇ l of fresh growth medium and 100 ⁇ l of either 2X solution in triplicate sample wells. Uninduced luciferase levels were determined in triplicate wells to which 100 ⁇ l of DMEM containing 10% fetal calf serum was added. The plates were incubated for four hours at 37°C, 5% CO 2 to allow induction of luciferase. Following induction, the media were removed, and the wells were washed once with 200 ⁇ l/well PBS.
  • ZP-2, ZP-5, ZP-6, ZP-7, ZP-8, ZP-9 and ZP-10 have an EC50 (half maximal activity) similar to salmon calcitonin and have greater activity than human calcitonin.
  • ZP-3 has potency similar to human calcitonin.
  • the biological activity of bipyridine-calcitonin in vi vo was measured as the ability of BP 4,4 -CT to lower serum calcium in mice as compared to the action of salmon calcitonin.
  • Six-week old Swiss-Webster male mice (12 to 18 grams) were given single, subcutaneous injections of BP 4,4 -CT, salmon calcitonin or vehicle. Blood samples for serum calcium measurements were collected from orbital sinus punctures at timed intervals of 0, 1 and 4 hours after injection. Serum calcium was analyzed using a Dacos Excel Analyzer (Coulter Electronics Company, Hialeah, Fla.). The compounds were given at the following doses with eight mice randomly assigned to each of the following groups:
  • Figures 1, 2 and 3 demonstrate that equivalent amounts of BP 4,4 -CT and salmon calcitonin equally decreased serum calcium levels in a dose-dependent manner.

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PCT/US1993/012692 1992-12-31 1993-12-30 Derivatized calcitonins WO1994015962A2 (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP94905569A EP0677062A1 (en) 1992-12-31 1993-12-30 Derivatized calcitonins
NZ261052A NZ261052A (en) 1992-12-31 1993-12-30 Calcitonin derivatives and compositions thereof
AU59629/94A AU673237B2 (en) 1992-12-31 1993-12-30 Derivatized calcitonins
KR1019950702713A KR100310280B1 (ko) 1992-12-31 1993-12-30 유도체화된칼시토닌
CA002153071A CA2153071C (en) 1992-12-31 1993-12-30 Derivatized calcitonins
JP6516111A JPH08505393A (ja) 1992-12-31 1993-12-30 誘導体化カルシトニン
NO952608A NO952608L (no) 1992-12-31 1995-06-29 Derivatiserte kalsitoniner
FI953255A FI953255A (fi) 1992-12-31 1995-06-30 Derivarisoidut kalsitoniinit

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US99974992A 1992-12-31 1992-12-31
US07/999,749 1992-12-31

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5962270A (en) * 1996-02-06 1999-10-05 Bionebraska, Inc. Recombinant preparation of calcitonin fragments and use thereof in the preparation of calcitonin and related analogs

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1806135A1 (de) * 1967-11-09 1969-07-17 Ciba Geigy Neue hypocalcaemische Peptide und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
GB2184729A (en) * 1985-12-04 1987-07-01 Sandoz Ltd Calcitonin derivatives
EP0297159A1 (en) * 1987-07-01 1989-01-04 Armour Pharmaceutical Company [N-Acyl, 1,7-Di-Aline] calcitonins, method for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions and use
EP0298474A2 (en) * 1987-07-08 1989-01-11 Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co., Ltd. Novel calcitonin derivative and salt thereof

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3956260A (en) * 1967-11-09 1976-05-11 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Hypocalcaemic peptides and processes for their manufacture
CH523868A (de) * 1969-10-22 1972-06-15 Ciba Geigy Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung neuer Dotriacontapeptidamide und ihrer Derivate

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1806135A1 (de) * 1967-11-09 1969-07-17 Ciba Geigy Neue hypocalcaemische Peptide und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
GB2184729A (en) * 1985-12-04 1987-07-01 Sandoz Ltd Calcitonin derivatives
EP0297159A1 (en) * 1987-07-01 1989-01-04 Armour Pharmaceutical Company [N-Acyl, 1,7-Di-Aline] calcitonins, method for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions and use
EP0298474A2 (en) * 1987-07-08 1989-01-11 Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co., Ltd. Novel calcitonin derivative and salt thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5962270A (en) * 1996-02-06 1999-10-05 Bionebraska, Inc. Recombinant preparation of calcitonin fragments and use thereof in the preparation of calcitonin and related analogs
US6251635B1 (en) 1996-02-06 2001-06-26 Bionebraska, Inc. Recombinant preparation of calcitonin fragments and use thereof in the preparation of calcitonin and related analogs
US6410707B2 (en) 1996-02-06 2002-06-25 Bionebraska, Inc. Recombinant preparation of calcitonin fragments and use thereof in the preparation of calcitonin and related analogs

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JPH08505393A (ja) 1996-06-11
EP0677062A1 (en) 1995-10-18
KR960700273A (ko) 1996-01-19
KR100310280B1 (ko) 2002-02-28
FI953255A0 (fi) 1995-06-30
CA2153071A1 (en) 1994-07-21
FI953255A (fi) 1995-06-30
AU673237B2 (en) 1996-10-31
WO1994015962A3 (en) 1994-09-29
AU5962994A (en) 1994-08-15
CA2153071C (en) 2000-05-30
NO952608L (no) 1995-08-30
NO952608D0 (no) 1995-06-29

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