WO1994006736A1 - Verfahren zur sensibilisierten photooxygenierung von ungesättigten verbindungen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur sensibilisierten photooxygenierung von ungesättigten verbindungen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1994006736A1 WO1994006736A1 PCT/EP1993/002379 EP9302379W WO9406736A1 WO 1994006736 A1 WO1994006736 A1 WO 1994006736A1 EP 9302379 W EP9302379 W EP 9302379W WO 9406736 A1 WO9406736 A1 WO 9406736A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- chem
- reaction
- unsaturated compounds
- sensitized
- photooxygenation
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D303/00—Compounds containing three-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D303/02—Compounds containing oxirane rings
- C07D303/12—Compounds containing oxirane rings with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by singly or doubly bound oxygen atoms
- C07D303/14—Compounds containing oxirane rings with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by singly or doubly bound oxygen atoms by free hydroxyl radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B41/00—Formation or introduction of functional groups containing oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/27—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation
- C07C45/32—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C45/33—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of CHx-moieties
- C07C45/34—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of CHx-moieties in unsaturated compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D307/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D307/56—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D307/60—Two oxygen atoms, e.g. succinic anhydride
Definitions
- Photosensitized oxidations allow simple and selective access to a wide range of products (Pure Appl. Chem. 43 (1975) 481; Chem. Rev. 81 (1981) 91).
- this particularly mild oxidation method basically two types of compounds, cyclic peroxides and allylic hydroperoxides, can be synthesized, which are usually not isolated, but are instead converted to the target products during or after the reaction.
- different products can be formed from the primary peroxides formed (Chem. Rev. 81 (1981) 91).
- Aliphatic, isocyclic and heterocyclic 1,3-dienes and aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds give the corresponding cyclic or bicyclic 1,4-endoperoxides in the sensitized photooxygenation (Singlet Oxygen, Academic Press, New York, 1979).
- 1,4-endoperoxides can be reacted with LiAIH 4 or TTiiourea to give the corresponding 1,4-diols which are unsaturated in the 2-position (Synthesis (1974) 876; J. Org. Chem. 43 (1978) 2737; Tetrahedron Lett (1975) 738).
- the catalytic hydrogenation of 1,4-endoperoxides gives saturated syn-1,4-diols (Chem. Rev.
- the corresponding 4-hydroxy-2-enones can be obtained from endoperoxides by basic decomposition produce (Chem. Rev. 81 (1981) 91). If a protic solvent, for example methanol, is used instead of a base, the hydroxy function is additionally methylated (Chem. Ber. 99 (1966) 1984).
- a protic solvent for example methanol
- Aliphatic, isocyclic and heterocyclic olefins which have at least one allylic proton can be converted photochemically into allylic hydroperoxides (Chem. Rev. 79 (1979) 359).
- the allylic hydroperoxides can be converted into the corresponding allylic alcohols by reduction (Angew. Chem. 73 (1961) 578; DOS 1443338; Pure Appl. Chem. 43 (1975) 481).
- the hydroperoxides Under basic conditions or by means of suitable catalysts, the hydroperoxides can also be converted into enones (Helv. Chim. Acta 64 (1981) 1247, J. Org. Chem. 48 (1983) 4135; Ann. Chem. 93 (1964) 674).
- the double bond of the starting material is split into the corresponding diones by the acid-catalyzed workup of the allylic hydroperoxides (Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges. 75 (1942) 300, Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges. 75 (1942) 247, Ann. Chem 560 (1948) 127).
- Allylic alcohols can be converted photochemically into epoxy ketones via hydroperoxides (Modern Synthetic Reactions, Menlo Park, 1972, 308).
- the allylic hydroperoxides can be converted regioselectively in a one-pot reaction into cis-2,3-epoxy alcohols (U.S. 4,345,984; Tetrahedron Lett. 27 (1986) 2839)
- rose oxides from citronellol is an example of the technical use of sensitized photooxygenation.
- Rose oxides are important components of Bulgarian rose oil.
- Prostaglandin endoperoxides which were previously only accessible via multi-stage syntheses, can also be easily synthesized using this method (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 99 (1977) 3503, J. Org. Chem. 43 (1978) 2088, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 99 (1977) 3500, 3501; J. Chem. Soc, Chem. Commun. (1979) 741).
- the method also enables easy access to cis-2,3-epoxycyclopentan-1-ol, which is an important intermediate for prostaglandins (US 4,345,984).
- Cyclohexenone which can otherwise only be prepared via multi-stage syntheses, can be obtained with the aid of photooxidation from cyclohexene in 78% yield without the formation of by-products (J. Org. Chem. 48 (1983) 4135).
- Even the otherwise difficult to access 5-methoxy-2 (5H) -furanone can be easily synthesized from the commercially available furfural using this process (Chem. Ber. 99 (1966) 1984).
- sensitizers which belong to the thiazine or fluorescein dyes or porphyrins or polycondensed aromatics are usually added in catalytic amounts. Since the sensitizers themselves can be oxidized under the reaction conditions, their lifespan is only limited and their traceability is severely limited (Houben-Weyls Methods Org. Chem. 4 / 5b (1976) 1465, J.Am. Chem. Soc. 110 (1988) 1257). Because of the short lifespan of the sensitizers, the yields are naturally also limited. This disadvantage can be partly remedied by adding more sensitizer during the reaction (W. R. Adams, Houben-Weyls Methods Org.Chem. 4 / 5b (1976) 1465). However, since the sensitizer and its decomposition products destabilize the triplet state of the sensitizer, this process is not often repeatable.
- Solids with semiconductor properties are also suitable as sensitizers for the photochemical oxidation of olefins (U.S. 4,571,290). However, it turns out that the yields of this method are minimal.
- C QQ can be decomposed by the action of light and oxygen (Nature 351 [1991] 277). Surprisingly, it was found that when fullerenes are used as the sensitizer, the above-described destabilization of the sensitizers does not occur and the yield of the sensitized photooxygenation can be improved considerably.
- the invention thus relates to a process for the sensitized photooxygenation of unsaturated compounds, which is characterized in that fullerenes are used as sensitizers.
- the sensitized photooxygenization of unsaturated compounds includes i.a. the allylic oxidation of olefins (EN reaction), the 4 + 2 cycloaddition and the 2 + 2 cycloaddition.
- EN reaction allylic oxidation of olefins
- 4 + 2 cycloaddition 4 + 2 cycloaddition
- 2 + 2 cycloaddition Such reactions are familiar to the person skilled in the art and are also described in review articles such as Chemical Reviews Vol 79, Number October 1979, Chem. Rev. 71 [1971] 395 or Pure Appl. Chem. 43 [1975] 481.
- the reaction is preferably carried out, for example, with the following compounds: (C 3 -C 20 ) olefins, (C 5 -C 12 ) cycloolefins, (C 5 -C 20 ) -1, 3-dienes, which can each be substituted, Aromatics or heteroaromatics with 10 to 20 carbon atoms.
- propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-nonene, ice and trans 2-butene isobutylene, ice and trans 2-pentene, 2,3-dimethyl-2- butene, 1,4-pentadiene, 1,5-hexadiene, 1,3-butadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, cyclopentene, 1,3-cyclopentadienes, cyclohexene, 1,3-cyclohexadiene,
- Pure C 60 and / or C 70 are preferably used as fullerenes, but also raw fullerenes which contain a mixture of Cgo and C 70 as main components. However, all other conceivable fullerenes or fullerene derivatives can also be used.
- the fullerene can also be used as a polymer-bound product (Bull. Korean Chem. Soc. 12 (1991) 596).
- the fullerenes can be obtained by producing fullerene soot in an arc process with subsequent extraction with a non-polar organic solvent (crude fullerenes), as described, for example, in WO 92/09279. The further fine separation can be carried out by column chromatography.
- the reaction is carried out in a temperature range from -70 to 100 ° C, preferably from -20 to 40 ° C.
- Sensitizer concentrations of 0.01 to 1 g / mol substrate, preferably 0.05 to 0.2 g / mol substrate, are used.
- the reaction advantageously takes place with the addition of solvents.
- solvents such as ethyl acetate or chlorinated solvents such as carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, methylene chloride, or Frigene and benzene are used.
- Mixtures of these aprotic solvents with protic solvents such as ethanol, methanol or water can also be used (eg CH 2 CI 2 and CH 3 OH).
- a solvent can also be completely dispensed with. Corresponding reaction conditions can easily be determined in preliminary tests.
- Corresponding high-pressure Na lamps are preferably used.
- the sensitized photooxygenation proceeds via the intermediate products endoperoxide or allylic hydroperoxide, which, as is known to the person skilled in the art, are converted into the desired end products by thermal conversion or with the aid of a catalyst.
- the process according to the invention has the advantage that the amount of sensitizer does not have to be increased during the reaction. This prevents stabilization of the triplet state of the sensitizer and minimizes the sensitizer dose.
- the invention is largely explained using examples. example 1
- Example 1 The 0.07 g of C 1 in Example 1 were replaced by 100 mg of crude fullerene and the procedure was analogous to Example 1. The conversion after 96 h was 96% and the selectivity to cyclohexenone was 99%.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Epoxy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP6507743A JPH08501541A (ja) | 1992-09-16 | 1993-09-03 | 不飽和化合物の増感された光酸素付加のための方法 |
EP93920691A EP0660814A1 (de) | 1992-09-16 | 1993-09-03 | Verfahren zur sensibilisierten photooxygenierung von ungesättigten verbindungen |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4230916 | 1992-09-16 | ||
DEP4230916.6 | 1992-09-16 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1994006736A1 true WO1994006736A1 (de) | 1994-03-31 |
Family
ID=6468048
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1993/002379 WO1994006736A1 (de) | 1992-09-16 | 1993-09-03 | Verfahren zur sensibilisierten photooxygenierung von ungesättigten verbindungen |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0660814A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH08501541A (de) |
WO (1) | WO1994006736A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1332913C (zh) * | 2004-06-02 | 2007-08-22 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | 一种烯烃合成含氧化合物的光化学方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4345984A (en) * | 1981-03-02 | 1982-08-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Novel prostaglandin analogues and process for making same |
US4571290A (en) * | 1984-08-22 | 1986-02-18 | The Standard Oil Company (Ohio) | Process for the selective oxidation of olefins with photochemical illumination of semiconductor powder suspensions |
DE4114536A1 (de) * | 1990-05-04 | 1991-11-14 | Franz Dietrich Oeste | Neue, spheren genannte heterofullerene und heterofullerenderivate tetraeder-symmetrischer topographie und fullerenfragment- und heterofullerenfragment-derivate tetraeder-, oktaeder- und ikosaeder-symmetrischer topographie |
WO1993009060A1 (en) * | 1991-10-28 | 1993-05-13 | Janis Vasilevskis | Method for the production of h2o2 using fullerenes |
-
1993
- 1993-09-03 EP EP93920691A patent/EP0660814A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1993-09-03 JP JP6507743A patent/JPH08501541A/ja active Pending
- 1993-09-03 WO PCT/EP1993/002379 patent/WO1994006736A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4345984A (en) * | 1981-03-02 | 1982-08-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Novel prostaglandin analogues and process for making same |
US4571290A (en) * | 1984-08-22 | 1986-02-18 | The Standard Oil Company (Ohio) | Process for the selective oxidation of olefins with photochemical illumination of semiconductor powder suspensions |
DE4114536A1 (de) * | 1990-05-04 | 1991-11-14 | Franz Dietrich Oeste | Neue, spheren genannte heterofullerene und heterofullerenderivate tetraeder-symmetrischer topographie und fullerenfragment- und heterofullerenfragment-derivate tetraeder-, oktaeder- und ikosaeder-symmetrischer topographie |
WO1993009060A1 (en) * | 1991-10-28 | 1993-05-13 | Janis Vasilevskis | Method for the production of h2o2 using fullerenes |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, Band 115, No. 14, Juli 1993, Alexander A. Krasnovsky, Jr et al, "Time-Resolved Measurements of Singlet Oxygen Dimol-Sensitized Luminescence" * |
STN International, File CA, Chemical Abstracts, volume 117, no. 17, 26 October 1992 (Columbus Ohio, US), Nagashima et al: "Catalytic hydrogenation of olefins and acetylenes over C60Pdn", abstract no. 170472q, & Chem.Lett., (7), 1361-1364, 1992 * |
STN International, File CA, Chemical Abstracts, volume 118, no. 6, 8 February 1993 (Columbus Ohio, US), Silence, S. M. et al: "C60 fullerene sensiti- zation of a photorefractive polymer", abstract no. 40060f, & Appl. Phys. Lett., 61(25), 2967-2969,1992 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1332913C (zh) * | 2004-06-02 | 2007-08-22 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | 一种烯烃合成含氧化合物的光化学方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH08501541A (ja) | 1996-02-20 |
EP0660814A1 (de) | 1995-07-05 |
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