Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
  • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
  • E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
  • E03F5/04—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps
  • E03F5/0407—Floor drains for indoor use
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
  • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
  • E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
  • E03F5/04—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps
  • E03F2005/0412—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps with means for adjusting their position with respect to the surrounding surface
  • E03F2005/0413—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps with means for adjusting their position with respect to the surrounding surface for height adjustment
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
  • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
  • E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
  • E03F5/04—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps
  • E03F2005/0416—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps with an odour seal
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
  • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
  • E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
  • E03F5/04—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps
  • E03F2005/0416—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps with an odour seal
  • E03F2005/0418—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps with an odour seal in the form of a bell siphon

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a floor drain according to the preamble of claim 1 with fitting assembly suited for floor drainage of a prefabricated bathroom module and site-fabricated wet spaces.
• the invention also concerns an installation method for such a floor drain.
• the bathroom and toilet spaces of multistory houses and similar constructions are frequently prefabricated into ready-to-erect modules which can be connected to the HPAC system at the construction site.
• the bathroom modules are placed onto hollow-core slabs or other support structures of the building.
• the necessary connections of the module are combined into a separate stack space through which the module is connected to the building's stacks.
• no openings are need be worked in the building's walls or floors for HPAC connections except that of the drainage pass-through hole at the floor drain of the module.
• the plumbing of the floor drain can be implemented in two alternative fashions.
• the drain pipe can be routed through the hollow-core slab below the bathroom module into the space remaining below the slab or the pipe can be adapted to run in the intermediate space remaining between the module floor and the hollow-core slab. If the drain pipe is placed above the hollow-core slab, the module floor must be molded sufficiently high to accommodate the floor drain and the drain pipe below the cast module floor. This results in an elevated floor level for the bathroom and an unnecessarily thick layer of cast concrete in the module floor. Thick casting increases the module weight and causes needless material costs. To make the floor casting thinner, it is possible to place the trap and the drain pipe partially or entirely below the floor casting of the module.
• the floor drain with its trap is fitted in the module at the factory, and during the installation of the module, the floor drain is aligned with a hole made in the slab at one of its hollow core spaces.
• the floor drain is sealed by casting a thin layer of concrete mix into the pass-through hole about the drain plumbing from below the slab. The dripping of the wet concrete mix from the hole is prevented by means of a sealing ring supported from below the slab.
• the making of such a pass-through is complicated because the casting for sealing the pass-through plumbing must be made from below.
• the sealing layer of cast concrete extends from below the slab only over the narrow passage from the hollow core space to the underside of the slab.
• the concrete layer at the pass-through remains very shallow and the pass-through becomes difficult to make compliant with fire security regulations.
• the sound insulation capability of the pass-through is inferior and a relatively large hole must be made in the load- bearing slab for the pass-through.
• the plumbing components of the floor drain remaining below the module floor are also easily damaged during transportation.
• the invention is based on inserting the center tube of the trap acting as the pass- through of the floor drain to the pass-through point by centering it with the help of a casting mold prior to the erection of the bathroom module or the floor casting of other similar wet space.
• the pass-through tube is secured and the pass- through hole is sealed by casting concrete over the mold, and the part of the floor drain forming its cavity and the grille of the floor drain are fitted in the prefabricated hole after the erection of the module.
• the floor drain in accordance with the invention is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing part of claim 1.
• the pass-through becomes compliant with fire security regulations and achieves a high sound insulation level.
• the floor casting can be made as thin as still advisable.
• the thickness of the casting is determined by the level difference between the rim of the floor drain and the perimeter of the floor, that is, the drain slopes required. Due to the shallow thickness of the cast floor, the threshold height from the apartment floor level to the bathroom remains small.
• the floor can be cast at the factory while keeping the module upside down, which makes the casting easier.
• the underside of the module floor has no protruding parts which might become damaged during transportation or installation.
• the fabrication of the pass-through is easy, because the necessary castings can be made from above the slab prior to the erection of the module, and the floor drain can be fitted into the pass-through point after the installation of the element without use of tools.
• the floor drain according to the invention can be used also when the module floor is cast on site after erection and for drainage of other similar wet spaces. The installation method remains even here almost identical.
• Fig. 1 shows a structure according to the invention ready installed.
• Fig. 2 shows an enlarged detail of the diagram of Fig. 1.
• Fig. 3 shows the detail of the diagram of Fig. 2 still more enlarged.
• Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of the installation method illustrated in Fig. 1.
• Fig. 1 shows in a cross-sectional view the bathrooms of two overlying stories of a building.
• the upper module 1 has a floor drain according to the present invention, while the lower module 12 has a conventional floor drain 13. Shafts 2 of the modules are to the right in the diagram.
• the drain pipe 7 from the floor drain according to the invention is routed in the space 8, which remains between the underside of the shallow-core slab 11 under the bathroom module 1 and the ceiling of the bathroom module 12 of the next story down, to a thermally and sound-insulated shaft drain located in the shaft 2.
• the drain pipe 7 is supported by a bracket to the underside of the hollow-core slab 11 and joined by an angled union 6 to the center tube 5 acting as the pass-through tube of the floor drain.
• That end of the angled union 6 which is joined to the center tube 5 of the floor drain locks the casting mold 14 against the underside of the slab 11.
• the pass- through hole is sealed at the hole in the slab 11 by a concrete casting 10 extending up to half-way of the hollow core space.
• the cavity 4 of floor drain is joined to the upper end of the center tube 5.
• the upper rim of the floor drain cavity 4 extends essentially level with the sloping cast floor 3 of the module 1.
• the floor drain illustrated in Fig. 1 is shown in greater detail in Figs. 2 and 3.
• Fig. 3 shows an enlarged view of detail A of Fig. 2.
• the floor drain cavity 4 is inserted onto the end of the center tube 5 and a seal 15 seals the joint between the center tube 5 and the cavity 4.
• the floor drain hole in the floor of the module 1 is formed by a plastic collar 18 fixed to the cast floor 3.
• a floor covering 17 of the bathroom is folded in the floor drain hole over the plastic collar and supported at the rim of the hole 17 in the floor covering by a fixing ring 19.
• the floor drain cavity 4 fits into the plastic collar 18 and water leakage into the floor structures is prevented by a rubber seal 20.
• the upper rim of the floor drain cavity 4 has an elevated flange 23 suited to be supported by the plastic collar 18 that prevents the cavity 4 from becoming excessively recessed into the pass-through hole.
• a grille 16 of the floor drain is placed on the covering fixing ring 19.
• the trap of the floor drain is formed by the floor drain cavity 4, the center tube 5 and a floor drain cover 22 adapted to enclosingly cover the end of the tube 5.
• the installation of the floor drain is as follows.
• the hollow-core slab 11 supporting the bathroom module 1 from below is worked to form a hole at the floor drain position.
• the hole is worked at any hollow core space, thus necessitating a minimum of material to be removed from the slab 11.
• the slabs 11 generally contain no reinforcing steels at this area that would require severing during the working of the hole, so the loading capability of the slab is not essentially degraded by the worked hole.
• a drain pipe 7 and the center tube 5 are set in place.
• the casting mold 14 is pressed during its installation by means of the bell of the angled union against the underside of the hollow-core slab 11, whereby the casting mold 14 seals the pass- through hole and supports the center tube 6 perpendicular to the underside of the slab 11.
• the center tube 5 has a telescopic form, and by virtue of the telescopic action, the upper rim of the tube 5 is adjusted to a proper height. After the height of the center tube 5 is set correct, concrete mix is cast into the pass-through hole and the hollow core space of the slab 11. The distance of the cast concrete upper surface from the upper edge of the slab 11 is left sufficiently large to permit the fitting of the floor drain cavity 4 between the upper surface of the cast concrete and the floor level of the floor 3 of the bathroom module 1.
• the floor drain cavity 4 is pressed onto the end of the center tube 5 and the grille 16 is placed above the floor drain.
• the seal 15 in the joint between the floor drain cavity 4 and the center tube 5 provides some elastic play, whereby small alignment errors in the installation of the assembly are compensated.
• Fig. 4 shows an alternative installation method in which the bathroom floor 3 is cast on site after the erection of the bathroom module 1.
• the floor drain assembly is prefitted and the pass-through hole is cast tight during the casting of the floor.
• the same approach can be used for installing the floor drain in other variants of on-site installation.
• a conventional floor drain assembly 21 is shown in Fig. 4.
• the present invention can have alternative embodiments.
• the center tube 5 can be placed eccentrically with respect to the floor drain cavity 4 and the trap of the floor drain can be formed in the fashion described above. Different types of traps are well documented in the art.
• the center tube 5 can have a fixed length which is trimmed to proper dimension during installation.
• the casting mold 14 can be positively fixed in a desired position to the underside of the hollow-core slab 11 by glue, screws or other fixing means.
• the seams and joints of the assembly can be sealed by glue or sealant.
• the floor drain can be placed eccentrically from the center of the module, but due to necessary drain slopes, minimum floor height at the walls is attained if the floor drain is placed to the floor center point.
• the floor drain according to the present invention can be also used in other applications other than as a floor drain for bathroom modules.

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
• Sink And Installation For Waste Water (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8532761

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (6)

Citations (5)

• 1991
  • 1991-06-19 FI FI913004A patent/FI89295C/sv active
• 1992
  • 1992-06-09 WO PCT/FI1992/000180 patent/WO1992022714A1/en active Application Filing
  • 1992-06-09 AU AU18895/92A patent/AU1889592A/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (5)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events