Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
  • B28B7/10—Moulds with means incorporated therein, or carried thereby, for ejecting or detaching the moulded article
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
  • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
  • B28B3/021—Ram heads of special form
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
  • B28B7/0097—Press moulds; Press-mould and press-ram assemblies

Definitions

• Ceramic tiles are generally made in dies of a certain shape to be put into special hydraulic or other types of presses. When working the controls of the press the dies are opened, loaded with clay or other material and then closed again to produce, by means of suitable pressure and heating, a tile of the chosen shape.
• Tiles are generally of two kinds:
• the die is usually made of two main parts, the upper and the lower, one opposing the other, each part consisting of a shaped plug, one shaped for one side of the tile and the other shaped for the other side, placed within a flame called a matrix.
• the upper die also has a part called a block fitting at the back against the plug for supporting and moving it, generally fixed to the plug and to the matrix.
• the tile is made with its "finished" surface, namely the one that will show when the tile is mounted, uppermost, the upper plug will be shaped to make said finished surface, and the lower plug will be shaped to make the back of the tile.
• the tile When pressing is finished and the die is opened, the tile must be extracted generally done by making the lower plug rise till the tile is out of 1he lower matrix.
• the finished surfact of the tile may become marked or scratched or similarly damaged.
• Subject of the invention is a mirror-like die for shaping ceramic tiles with spacers.
• the upper plug is shaped to correspond with the upper finished surface of the tile.
• the sides of the upper matrix are shaped , starting from its edge, to correspond with the short sides of the upper part of the tile or, in other words, with that part which from the upper surface extends downwards to where the spacers begin to project.
• the upper plug is mobile in relation to the matrix for a distance at least equal to the thickness of the upper part of the tile.
• the lower plug is shaped to correspond with the back surface of the tile.
• the sides of a lower matrix are shaped, starting from its edge, to correspond with the short sides of the lower part of the tile or, in other words, with that part which from the back surface extends upwards for the whole height of the spacers.
• Said lower plug is mobile in relation to the lower matrix for a distance at least equal to the height of said lower part of the tile.
• said elastic means causes the plug to slide in relation to the matrix, and externally to the same, and cau ses extraction of the upper part of the tile.
• the elastic means consists of a Belleville spring placed round a central bolt, and the like, connecting the upper plug to the block. Said bolt allows an amount of play between block and plug equivalent to the movement made by said plug, needed to allow space both for the volume corresponding to the upper part of the plate and for extracting said plate.
• FIG. 1 Plan view of 'the upper block Fig. 2 Cross section of the upper block Fig. 3 Plan view of the upper matrix Fig. 4 Cross section of the upper matrix Fig. 5 Plan view of the upper plug
• the upper matrix 10 is fixed to the upper block 11 by bolts and the like, lodged in the seats 16, screwed into the holes 17 in the block.
• Said block has a lower recess 18, cylindrical in shape and concentric with the hole 19 made in the centre of the block itself.
• the upper plug 12 is fixed to the block by a device 40 including the bolt 20 (Fig. 7, 8) lodged in the hole 19, the end 21 of which is screwed into the threaded hole 22 made in the centre of the plug itself.
• the hexagonal head 23 of the bolt is in contact with the bottom of the upper recess 24 of the block.
• the pair of Belleville springs 25, 26 and the washer 27 are placed round the bolt 20.
• the dimensions of the bolt are such that, due to effect of pressure by the springs, the plug when idle appears as in Fig.7 with the lower edge 28 practically flush with the lower edge 29 of the matrix 10.
• the lower part of the die comprises the lower matrix 13 inside of which the lower plug 14 can move for a stroke (b) (Figs. 8, 9) corresponding to height (b')of the lower part 34 of the tile supplied with laterally projecting zones 35, called spacers, extending for the whole of the aforesaid height. Said spacers project for the value C (Figs. 8, 9).
• Plan dimensions of the lower matrix 13 exceed those of tie upper matrix 10 to the extent of the spacer projections.
• the lower surface 36 of the upper plug mirror-like for making the "finished" face of the tile, is hollowed out to a height (d) joined by the sloping sections 37 to the edge of the tile.
• At the edges of the upper matrix 10 there is a pair of bevels 38 and 39 joining the spacers 35 to the upper part 33 of the tile. Operation At the start of each working sequence the die appears as shown in Fig. 7.
• the upper part of the die approaches the lower part causing the matrixes 10 and 13 (Fig. 8) to come together and causing formation of the tile 32 by pressure and heating.
• Fig. 8 clearly shows, pressure has caused compression of the Belleville springs and mating of the upper surfe.ce 30 of the upper plug 12 with the lower surface 31 of the block 11.
• a space is thus created corresponding to that of the tile 32 and formation of the upper part 33 and lower part 34 of said tile.
• the upper part of the die rises up while simultaneous release of the Belleville springs hold the upper plug, in relation to the tile,in the position seen in Fig. 8 until the lower edge 29 of the matrix 10 has reached the lower edge 28 of the plug (see Fig. 7 as well).
• the advantages are clear.
• the tile is made with its finished face uppermost even though it has its spacers.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=11194228

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (3)

Citations (7)

• 1985
  • 1985-09-26 IT IT22289/85A patent/IT1185392B/it active
• 1986
  • 1986-01-09 AU AU53534/86A patent/AU5353486A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1986-01-09 WO PCT/IT1986/000003 patent/WO1987001984A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1986-01-09 EP EP86900832A patent/EP0269614A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1986-01-09 BR BR8607189A patent/BR8607189A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (7)

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