Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
  • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
  • A63B23/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body
  • A63B23/035—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously
  • A63B23/0355—A single apparatus used for either upper or lower limbs, i.e. with a set of support elements driven either by the upper or the lower limb or limbs
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
  • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
  • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
  • A63B21/00058—Mechanical means for varying the resistance
  • A63B21/00069—Setting or adjusting the resistance level; Compensating for a preload prior to use, e.g. changing length of resistance or adjusting a valve
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
  • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
  • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
  • A63B21/008—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using hydraulic or pneumatic force-resisters
  • A63B21/0083—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using hydraulic or pneumatic force-resisters of the piston-cylinder type
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
  • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
  • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
  • A63B21/002—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices isometric or isokinetic, i.e. substantial force variation without substantial muscle motion or wherein the speed of the motion is independent of the force applied by the user

Definitions

• the invention relates to a training or ergometer device with a frame that carries a seat and on which lever or crank elements are movably mounted to accommodate extremity movements of a test subject, to which a measuring device for detecting the applied force or power is preferably assigned.
• the energy applied is usually transmitted via transmission to a directly or indirectly braked flywheel, measurements being carried out on the basis of braking power, these measurements fluctuating over a wide range and calibration, if at all, only with extremely large tolerance ranges is possible.
• the measurements are also influenced by the geometry of the ergometer, in particular the diminution of the crank geometry, with the known ergometers generally not being able to adjust the crank radius or thrust crank length for the purpose of adaptation to the respective test subjects is. It is therefore at least questionable whether the work area so arbitrarily defined can provide meaningful results for the drive muscles. Both the size of the work area and the work area center is namely dependent on the seat height and crank geometry, but in the known
• the invention ergometer device of the type mentioned is characterized in that a pair or two pairs of legs and / or arms associated, independent transmission units are provided, each having a pivotally mounted on the frame or on a part connected to it and contain a rocker arm pivotably mounted thereon, which can be pivoted at a predeterminable, preferably constant angular velocity, and at the free end of which a holding or grip element is provided for the feet or hands of a test subject.
• a predetermined movement control is therefore possible for the respective extremities, movement control being carried out in such a way that a constant angular velocity is present at the corresponding joint (eg knee joint) (isokinematic movement control).
• the gear units can be provided on the one hand both for the legs and for the arms and on the other hand either only for the legs or only for the arms.
• gear units form a straight guide. Studies have shown that the best measurement results can be achieved with straight movements of the feet or hands; per se, however, other movement curves, such as flat S-shaped movement curves, can also be permitted in many cases. Because the gear units are each designed in the manner of a double crank drive, simple mechanics and control are achieved.
• each gear unit has a rack which is pivotable about the axis of a gear which is fixed on the frame, at least during ergometer operation, and meshes with this fixed gear and which is in a cylinder tube is arranged a pressure cylinder forming the handlebar and carries at least one piston tightly guided in the cylinder tube, and with which a movable gear rotatably mounted on the cylinder tube is engaged, with which the rocker is non-rotatably connected.
• the pressure cylinder is a one-sided pressure cylinder, so that only one piston is provided, which is acted upon from one side with the pressure medium. Then it is also possible to insert a part of the rack tightly as a piston rod into a working chamber of the pressure cylinder in which the one piston is arranged, with both piston sides being pressurized so that a double-acting working cylinder is present. In order to achieve such a double-acting mode of operation with a comparatively simpler and more compact design, however, it is advantageous if the toothed rack has a piston, e.g. with a one-sided seal.
• the sealing of the pistons in the cylinder tube is also easier to carry out, and more space is also available for the pressure medium connections on the cylinder tube, since these can be sufficiently far apart; in particular, the two pressure medium connections are provided on the two end faces of the cylinder tube.
• the device according to the invention is then characterized in that the distance between the geometrical axes of the two gears is equal to the length of the rocker and the radius of the fixed gear is twice as large as the radius of the movable gear. at this design of the transmission device, an exactly linear path of movement of the end of the rocker is obtained.
• strain gauges belonging to the measuring device for measuring the bending of the rocker and thus a torque applied to it are arranged on the rocker in the area near the movable gear. This torque detection is particularly advantageous if the rocker with constant
• a flow regulator for adjusting the pressure medium quantity to and from the pressure cylinder is provided in the pressure medium circuit assigned to the pressure cylinder.
• the tests on the present device can be carried out when the rocker arm is forced by the pressure medium, and for this case a pressure medium pump is provided in the pressure medium circuit assigned to the pressure cylinder.
• a pressure regulator or pressure limiter is provided in the pressure medium circuit assigned to the pressure cylinder.
• the working area that is, the The stroke of movement of the rocker with the two reversal points can be set by the pressure medium circuit, ie more precisely by reversing the pressure medium supply in the desired, freely selectable positions of the rack or the piston on the latter.
• the two gear units assigned to the arms of a subject are mounted on spars when two pairs of gear units are provided are, which are longitudinally displaceable and pivotally mounted on the frame. With this design, the respective inclination of the upper body can also be specified and adjusted.
• the seat on the frame is at least height-adjustable, optionally also horizontally displaceable, preferably pivotable about a horizontal axis .
• position sensors are provided for detecting the set position of the bars and / or the seat.
• position indicators can be assigned to the rockers, for example in order to accomplish the aforementioned switching of the pressure medium circuit. If limit switches for automatic pressure cylinder reversal are assigned to the rockers, these can be adjustably attached so that the reversal can be carried out in different positions.
• Figure 1 is a perspective view of an ergometer device according to the invention with two pairs of independent gear units for specifying the motion control.
• FIG. 2 shows a partially sectioned view of a preferred embodiment of such a gear unit, for example one that is assigned to one of the legs;
• Fig. 3 in a cross-sectional view substantially along the line III-III in Figure 2, the area of the pivot bearing of the pressure cylinder of the gear unit associated with a leg gear unit in the area of the fixed gear.
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic, partially broken side view of the ergometer device according to FIG. 1 in the region of the one spar, the adjusting cylinder associated with the spar being shown for longitudinal adjustment;
• FIG. 5 shows a partially sectioned view of the ergometer device in the region of the pivotably arranged seat
• Fig. 6 in a sectional view corresponding to Fig. 3, the pivot bearing of the pressure cylinder of a gear unit assigned to one of the arms in the region of the fixed gear;
• Fig. 7 in a cross section along the line VII-VII in Fig. 2, the pivot connection between the Pressure cylinder and the movable gear wheel of a gear unit assigned to a leg, wherein the rocker arm to be connected to the foot can also be seen;
• FIG. 8 shows a schematic view of a gear unit, for example for one of the legs, with its two end positions, one of which is illustrated with solid lines and the other with dashed lines;
• FIG. 9 shows a hydraulic control diagram for the control of the pressure cylinders of the gear units assigned to the two legs, wherein the control for the gear units assigned to the arms can be designed completely identically; and FIGS. 10 and 11 show schematic representations of the mode of operation of the ergometer device according to the invention, the mode of operation with the gear units associated with the legs being illustrated in FIG. 10 and that with the gear units associated with the arms in FIG. 11.
• FIG. 1 illustrates an ergometer device, generally designated 1, which has two frame feet 2, 3 which are fastened to a base plate 4.
• Each frame foot 2 and 3 carries two fixed webs 5 and 6 (see FIG. 3), which serve to support a shaft 7, with spacers 8 and sliding bushes 9 being provided in a conventional white manner.
• the shaft 7 is connected at both ends with sleeves 10 and 11 in a rotationally fixed manner via springs 12 and 13, the one sleeve 10 being fixed to the piston rod of one within a spar 14 (cf. also FIG. 3 also FIG 1 and Fig. 4) arranged, connected to the housing on the spar 14 working cylinder indsr ⁇ 15, furthermore a guide is provided with the help of rods 16 connected to the spar 14.
• the spar 14 can be adjusted in its longitudinal direction relative to the shaft 7.
• the sleeve 11 attached to the opposite end of the shaft 7 is firmly connected to a bracket 17, on the horizontal web part 18, which extends behind a seat 19 (cf. FIGS. 1 and 5), a swivel clamp 20 hinged to the frame engages.
• the pivoting mechanism 20 is actuated, the shaft 7 is pivoted or rotated via the bracket 17, as a result of which the spar 14 is also pivoted in a vertical plane.
• the geometric axis 7 'of the shaft 7 is fixed to the frame.
• a cover plate 21 is provided on the outside of each spar 14, to which a plate 22 made of transparent plastic adjoins at the bottom. Furthermore, two mutually parallel armrests 23 with padding 24 can be seen from FIG. 1, on which when using the
• Ergometer device as a pedal ergometer the arms can be supported.
• An upper gear unit 25 which is assigned to one of the two arms of a test subject, is arranged on each of the two spars 14 of the ergometer device 1. Furthermore, a lower gear unit 26 assigned to a leg of the test subject is provided on each side of the ergometer device.
• These gear units 25 and 26 are designed as double crank drives with isokinematic movement control for the arms or legs, as will be explained in more detail below.
• Each gear unit 25 or 26 comprises a rocker 27 or 27 ', the rocker 27 of the lower gear unit 26 assigned to one of the legs being straight, whereas the rocker 27' of an upper gear unit 25 assigned to an arm is cranked inwards, as can be seen from Fig. 1.
• the wings 27 of the lower gear units 26 have at their ends plates 28 with holding devices for shoes, for example in the form of conventional ski bindings 29.
• the cranked rockers 27 'of the upper gear units 25 in turn carry handles 30 at their free ends.
• the gear units 25, 26 are in their basic structure the same, so that a unique description is sufficient, and this basic structure will now be explained with reference to FIG. 2 in conjunction with FIGS. 3 and 6 or 7 and 8.
• FIG. 2 presumably shows a gear unit 26 assigned to a leg.
• This gear unit 26 (or each gear unit 26, 25) comprises a toothed rack 33 which is displaceably arranged in a cylinder tube 31 of a pressure cylinder 32 and which is arranged with a stationary one which can be seen on the right in FIG Gear or toothed segment 34 meshes.
• This gearwheel or toothed segment 34 is attached to a plate 35 by means of bolts 36 which are only indicated schematically in the drawing.
• the plate 35 forms part of the frame foot 2 or 3, not shown in FIG. 2.
• the rack meshes in its other end region
• the Movable gear 39 uses the same Laqerwangen 37, 38, which also serve to pivot the cylinder tube 31 on the shaft 7, so that there are two overall elongated bearing cheeks 37, 38, which result in high stability or strength.
• the two bearing cheeks 37, 38 are welded along their upper longitudinal edges to the cylinder tube 31, as indicated schematically at 41 in FIG. 3, but also in FIGS. 6 and 7.
• rocker 27 (or 27 ') is then firmly connected to the movable gear 39, for example via bolts 42.
• This rocker 27 (or 27 ') carries at its free end a fastener 43 (Fig. 3 and 7) for the plate 28 and the handle 30 (Fig. 1).
• the length of the rocker 27 (or 27 ') is given by the distance between the geometric axis 40' of the hollow shaft 40 of the movable gear 39 and the geometric axis 43 'of the fastening element 43.
• this length of the rocker is equal to the distance between the geometric axis 40 'of the movable gear 39 and the geometric axis 7' of the fixed gear 34, which at the same time represents the pivot axis for the cylinder tube 31 of the pressure cylinder 32, that is to say the length of the Driver,
• slots 44, 45 are provided in the cylinder tube 31 in the region of the two gear wheels 34, 39, cf. in addition to Fig. 2 also Figs. 3, 6 and 7. Furthermore, in the area of these slots 44 and 45 in one of the bearing cheeks, e.g. of the bearing cheek 37, viewing openings can be provided, as is illustrated at 46 in FIGS. 3 and 6.
• the rack 33 is guided in the cylinder tube 31 with the aid of two guide rings 47, and it carries a piston 48 and 49 at both ends thereof, wherein each of these pistons 48, 49 can be acted upon by a pressure medium from the corresponding end face of the pressure cylinder 32.
• connecting sockets 50 are fastened by means of union nuts 51 screwed onto the end of the cylinder tube 31, cf. in addition to Fig. 2 also Fig. 2a.
• the structure of the pistons, for example the piston 49 can also be seen from FIG. 2a.
• each piston consists of a piston body 52 which is made of brass or bronze and which is pushed onto a coaxial shaft 54 of the rack 33 with the interposition of a seal 53.
• a disc 55 is then slid onto the shaft 54, including an annular seal 56, and this arrangement is screwed tight with the aid of a bolt 57 screwed into a threaded bore in the shaft 54 with the interposition of an annular disc 58.
• the connection socket 50 has a threaded bore 59 in order to be able to connect a corresponding pressure medium line (see also FIG. 9).
• roller bearings for example shoulder ball bearings 60
• FIG. 3 lower gear unit
• FIG. 6 upper gear unit
• Spacer rings or sleeves 61 are pushed onto the shaft or axle 7, the bearing arrangement being completed by bearing covers 62 abutting the side cheeks 37, 38.
• FIG. 3 the two above-mentioned webs 5, 6 which hold the shaft 7 are then provided.
• the hollow spar 14, which is formed, for example, from two interconnected C profiles, is provided for holding the axle or shaft 7 for the fixed gear 34, as shown in FIG carries and is firmly connected to it.
• the bearing arrangement each with a spacer ring 61, a ball bearing ring 60 and a bearing cover 62 on each side of the fixed gear 34 corresponds to that according to FIG. 3.
• a spacer 65 is provided between the spar 14 and the adjacent bearing arrangement, ie the adjacent bearing cover 62.
• the movable gear 39 sits within a forked end 66 of the rocker 27 (or 27 '), with spacer plates or tabs 67 being interposed on both sides and the unit consisting of rocker 27, spacer plates 67 and gear 39, is screwed together by the bolts 42 already mentioned.
• this unit extends the hollow shaft 40, which is further accommodated on both sides outside of the bearing cheeks 37, 38 in balls 69 spaced apart by spacer sleeves 68, the bearing arrangement being terminated with the aid of bearing caps 70 screwed onto the bearing cheeks 37 and 38 respectively is provided.
• a cross plate 71 is provided between the two bearing cheeks 37, 38, as a result of which a type of box housing 72 is obtained which ensures high strength, rigidity and stability.
• the gear unit described so far, for example 26 is schematically illustrated in its two end positions, the upper end position, as shown in FIG. 2, being shown with full lines and the lower end position with dashed lines.
• one of the gesture feet, for example 3 is illustrated schematically in FIG. 8 with a dash-dotted line.
• the axis 7 'of the fixed gear 34 is qeetellfest at least in the respective operating position, and about this axis 7' the cylinder tube 31 of the pressure cylinder 32 can be pivoted within the cylinder tube 31 with displacement of the rack 33, the axis 40 'of the movable gear 39 describes an arcuate movement path 73. Simultaneously with this pivoting movement about the pivot axis 7 ', the movable gear 39 is rotated about its axis 40' due to the displacement of the rack 33 in the cylinder tube 31, so that the rocker 27 (or 27 ') has an additional pivoting movement about the axis 40' (apart from from pivoting about axis 7 ').
• a certain movement curve for the swinging end 43 ' can be predetermined by a corresponding choice of the geometry, namely in particular the distances between the axes 7' and 40 'or 40' and 43 '(end of the rocker 27) and the radii of the toothed wheels 34, 39 become.
• the distance between the axes 7 'and 40' of the two gear wheels 34 and 39 has been chosen to be equal to the length of the rocker 27, that is to say the distance between the axis 40 'and the axis 43', and the ratio is also Radii of the fixed or movable gearwheel 34 or 39 2: 1.
• the axle 43 'at the end of the rocker 27 moves on a straight line 74, which through the center of the gear unit 26, which is to be regarded as a total swing arm or double crank ( respectively. 25), namely the fixed pivot axis 7 ', runs, ie it is a straight guide.
• a flow rate regulator 75 is arranged in the pressure medium circuit for the respective pair of gear units (for example 26, for the legs), then when setting a pressure medium quantity that is constant over time, the rocker arm 27 (or 27 ') achieves a constant angular velocity, which further leads to the selected geometry that the swinging end 43' is slowed down in the region of the lower (in FIG. 9 upper) reversal point.
• FIG. 9 is a control diagram with the pressure medium or hydraulic circuit for the pressure cylinders 32 of both gear units of a pair (for example for the legs, the design of the hydraulic circuit for the gear unit assigned to the arms being completely the same and therefore not further described is shown), a separate switch valve 76 and 77 being provided for each pressure cylinder (left leg, right leg), which is connected to the two ends of the associated pressure cylinder 32.
• a pump 78 can be connected to the respective side of the respective pressure cylinder 32, and on the flow side, for example, the aforementioned flow controller 75 is connected to the two changeover valves 76, 77, from which the pressure medium, e.g. oil, gets into a sump 79.
• the pressure medium e.g. oil
• FIG. 9 also illustrates a pressure regulator or pressure limiter 80 which can be set to a certain pressure and which is for safety reasons is provided and limits the system pressure.
• strain gauges 81 are schematically shown on the rockers 27 (cf. also FIGS. 2 and 7), which are used to record the bending of the respective rocker 27 (or 27 ') and thus to record the torque applied to this rocker by a subject serve.
• position sensors are schematically illustrated at 82 in FIG. 9, which detect the position of the respective movable gear 39 and thus of the rocker 27.
• the electrical signals of the position sensors 82 and the strain gauges 81 are fed to an electronic evaluation circuit, which is not shown in more detail and which, for example, values for the applied torque (and thus for the applied power) in relation to the respective position of the rocker 27 (or 27 ' ) - and thus the respective position of the foot or hand along the straight line 74 - and in relation to the angular velocity set with the aid of the flow regulator 75.
• a control circuit can be coupled to this evaluation circuit, with the aid of which on the one hand the flow rate regulator 75 and the pressure regulator 80 can be set, as indicated schematically in FIG.
• the changeover valves 76, 77 in which it is, for example, sol enoid valves that can be switched in the desired positions of the rocker 27 (or 27 ') and thus the foot or hand on the straight line 74 (setting of the reversal points of the rocker end 43' according to FIG. 2 or 8 on the straight line 74 and thus setting the changeover valves 76, 77, in which it is, for example, sol enoid valves that can be switched in the desired positions of the rocker 27 (or 27 ') and thus the foot or hand on the straight line 74 (setting of the reversal points of the rocker end 43' according to FIG. 2 or 8 on the straight line 74 and thus setting the
• position sensors or limit switches can also be provided per se in the area of the rocker or else in the area of the rack.
• the attachment and connection of such position sensors is conventional in itself and therefore not illustrated in the drawing.
• the work area can be electronically controlled and freely selectable.
• the pushing or pulling force can be registered in the respective clearly definable work area, and the position of the seat 19 (FIGS. 1 and 5) can also be registered for the respective measurement.
• this seat 19 can be pivoted with the aid of a working cylinder 85, this working cylinder 85 on the one hand at 86 on the frame, e.g. one between the two frame feet 2 (Fig. 1) and 3 extending cover plate 87, and on the other hand is articulated to an angle lever 88 which carries the seat 19 and is pivotally attached to the cover plate 87 at 89.
• a position transmitter 90 assigned to the seat 19 can be provided, for example on the working cylinder 85 or in the area of the angle lever 88.
• the described device enables different operating modes, for example examinations in the area of muscle contraction or distraction are possible.
• Cyclic forms of movement such as cycling, step climbing or rowing, are just as possible as acyclical forms of movement, in which, for example, the lower gear units 26 are actuated up and down in a more or less random manner with the aid of the changeover valves 76, 77, independently of one another, to simulate the conditions for a downhill ski run, for example. Due to the independence of the individual gear units 25 and 26, it is also possible to examine or to train only one leg or one arm at a time. From the schematic representation in Fig.
• the lower gear units 26, which are assigned to the legs, represent practically a mirror image of the double crank mechanism, the axis 40 'of the movable gear wheel corresponding to the leg.
• the fixed axis 7 ' is to be arranged in alignment with the hip joint.
• the foot engages the rocker end 43 'of the rocker 27. This foot is moved according to the straight line 74 mentioned, this straight line 74 extending through the hip joint (axis 7 ').
• FIG. 11 schematically illustrates an upper gear unit 25 assigned to an arm, which is arranged in such a way that the fixed axis 7 'is aligned with the shoulder joint.
• the axis 40 'of the movable gear wheel essentially corresponds to the elbow joint, and the hand engages the free end 43' of the rocker 27 '.
• the hand again moves on the straight line 74 mentioned, which here extends through the school t-joint.
• the respective spar 14 (see FIGS. 1, 3 and 4) is pivoted from the approximately horizontal position shown in FIG. 1 to an approximately vertical position, the pivoting mentioned with reference to FIG. 3 for this pivoting Swivel cylinder 20 is used, for example, also associated with a position sensor 91 shown only schematically in FIG. 3.
• the subject In the position of the arms 14 shown in FIG. 1, the subject is bent forward with his upper body, wherein he essentially moves the respective handles 30 of the upper gear units 25 up and down with his hands.
• each spar 14 can be adjusted in the longitudinal direction relative to the frame with the aid of the working cylinder 15 (FIG. 4) in order to further adapt it to be carried out, position encoder 92 (see FIG. 4) also being provided here.

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Biophysics (AREA)
• Rehabilitation Tools (AREA)
• Transmission Devices (AREA)
• Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=3539763

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (5)

Citations (3)

• 1986
  • 1986-09-19 AU AU63793/86A patent/AU6379386A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1986-09-19 EP EP86905137A patent/EP0238514A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1986-09-19 JP JP61504954A patent/JPS63501927A/ja active Pending
  • 1986-09-19 WO PCT/AT1986/000060 patent/WO1987001601A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1987
  • 1987-05-19 DK DK252787A patent/DK252787A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1987-05-19 FI FI872198A patent/FI872198A0/fi not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (3)

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